Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Encouraging the Active Integration of...

Institut für Wissensmedien

Knowledge Media Research Center

Encouraging the Active Integration of Information

During Learning with Multiple and Interactive Representations

Daniel Bodemer & Rolf Plötzner


Tübingen, Germany



• Potentials, requirements and problems of learning with multiple and interactive representations

• Facilitating learning

• by reducing extraneous and encouraging germane cognitive load

• with multiple representations

• with dynamic and interactive representations

• An experimental study

Overview



Learning with Multiple and Interactive Representations

• Potentials

• Requirements

• Problems









Overview



Cognitive Load Theory

• Three sources of cognitive load

1. Intrinsic cognitive load

2. Extraneous cognitive load

3. Germane cognitive load

• Decrease of extraneous load

• Increase of germane load



Structured Testing of Hypotheses

1. Consider a certain initial situation

2. Consider a certain modification of theinitial situation

3. Formulate a hypothesis about theeffects of the modification

4. Carry out the modification

5. Observe the consequences of themodification

6. Evaluate and – possibly – reformulatethe hypothesis









Overview



Research Questions

• Can learning with multiple representations be improved when

• learners actively relate different representations to each other (increase of germane load) and

• produce step by step an integration of these representations (decrease of extraneous load)?

• Can learning with interactive representations be improved when

• learners test hypotheses in a structured and reflective way (increase of germane load) and

• are provided with informative examples of data and their attention is guided to specific aspects of the representations (decrease of extraneous load)?



Design

Structuring of interactions

Integration of information

Free exploration

Structured testing of hypotheses

Separated information

Integrated information

Actively integrated information

14students

14students

14students

14students

14students

14students



Procedure

1. Reactivation of pre-knowledge

2. Pre-test

3. Introduction to the visualizations

4. Relating different representations

5. Interacting with the visualizations

6. Post-test



Results (all questions)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Separated Integrated Activelyintegrated

Co

rre

ct a

nsw

ers

ab

ove

ch

an

ce le

vel

Free exploration

Structured testing ofhypotheses



Discussion

• Mental coordination and integration of multiple and interactive representations has to be facilitated

• Comprehension can be improved

• by reducing extraneous cognitive load and by increasing germane cognitive load

• by encouraging learners to integrate different representations interactively

• by encouraging learners to test hypotheses in a structured, and reflective way

• Difficulty of support measures: additional extraneous load



Thank you very much foryour attention!

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Institut für Wissensmedien Knowledge Media Research Center Encouraging the Active Integration of...

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