Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

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Instantaneous Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces By Sam Jangala, David Sundaram & Elisha Lai

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A presentation that I made with Sam Jangala and David Sundaram for my Chemistry class.

Transcript of Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Page 1: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Instantaneous Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

By Sam Jangala, David Sundaram & Elisha Lai

Page 2: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Introduction Can be known as:

London Dispersion Forces [LDF]Named after the German-American physicist Fritz London

Dispersion Forces Part of van der Waal’s forces Weakest type of attractive force Found between atoms/molecules The unequal distribution of e-s around a

molecule/atom at any given instant induces a temporary dipole in the molecule

Page 3: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Analogy: Effect of a Magnet on a Pin

A constantly moving magnet (magnetic dipole)

comes close to a pin.

The pin becomestemporarilymagnetized

(induced dipole).

The pin is thenattracted to the

magnet.

The pin losesits attraction to

the magnet as the magnet moves

away from the pin.

δ- δ+

Page 4: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Strength of Forces

Increases across a period

Increases down a group

Page 5: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Strength of Forces

Methane [CH4]

•C-6 protons,6 electrons

Silane [SiH4]

•Si-14 protons,14 electrons

Germane [GeH4]

•Ge-32 protons,32electrons

Increases with the number of protons and electrons because more chance of dipoles forming. Therefore, the boiling points of these compounds also increase.

δ-[1 e-]

δ+[0e-]

Page 6: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Strength of ForcesContinuously varies within a molecule

Page 7: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Daily Life Application #1: Non-Stick Pans

Polytetrafluoroethane [PTFE] Commonly known as

Teflon LDF between oil/grease &

PTFE are much weaker than those present in the oil/grease itself

Therefore, oil/grease doesn’t stick to the PTFE pan

Page 8: Instantaneous dipole-Induced Dipole Forces

Daily Life Application #2: Graphite Lead in Pencil

Sheets of carbon atoms are held together by LDF

LDF easily overcome Therefore, the sheets slide

over each other when you write


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