Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a....
Transcript of Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a....
![Page 1: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
November 26, 2014
1
Inspection of composite structures
Dr Roger M. Groves Aerospace Non-Destructive Testing Laboratory
Faculty of Aerospace Engineering
![Page 2: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Abstract
• Introduction of the latest developments in NDT/SHM technology and advances in signal processing of big data. This new technology and software could solve some of today’s and tomorrow challenges in the inspection of composite structures
November 26, 2014 2
![Page 3: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Global Challenges for Society
• Transport: Developing green, safe, efficient and accessible transport networks
• Our Contribution: KET – Advanced measurement techniques for materials and structures in structural design, composite manufacture and aircraft maintenance and repair
• T – Advanced measurement techniques, for materials and structures in Structural Design, Composite Manufacture and Aircraft Maintenance and Repair
November 26, 2014 3
![Page 4: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What are the big challenges in NDT/SHM?
1. Efficient and cost-effective operation
2. Automation & measurement speed
3. Flexibility for measuring complex structures
4. Measuring hard to access structures SHM
5. Improvements in detectability of damage
November 26, 2014 4
![Page 5: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Aerospace NDT Lab Research Topics
KET Topic Areas
1. Optical Metrology: Dr Andrey Anisimov • Shearography, Fringe projection, Dimensional measurement
2. Fibre Optic Sensors: Ping Liu, MSc • Optical coherence tomography, Fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs)
3. Spectral Imaging: Dr Vassilis Papadakis • Hyperspectral imaging, Fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy
4. Ultrasonics: Dr Roger Groves • Phase-array ultrasound, Guided Lamb waves
November 26, 2014 5
![Page 6: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
1. Optical Metrology Research Topics
a. Linescan & point shape sensors
i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors)
b. Fringe projection
i. Shape measurement (camera-based)
c. Shearography
i. Non-destructive testing
ii. Displacement gradient & strain measurement
iii. Vibration characteristion (full-field)
November 26, 2014 6
Dr Andrei Anisimov ([email protected])
![Page 7: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Linescan/Point Shape Sensors
November 26, 2014 7
0
0,5
1
1,5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150H
eig
ht
(mm
)
Y-axis (mm)
Application: manufacturing layup of composite materials Accuracy to 2,6 µm
![Page 8: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Shape: Fringe Projection
November 26, 2014 8
Application: Artworks in FP7 Syddarta Project Accuracy to 50 µm
![Page 9: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
November 26, 2014 9
Shearography – Experimental Layout
Example phase map from measurements on a cylinder
![Page 10: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
1a. 3D Fatigue Crack Investigation
• Measurement of titanium 10-2-4 Helicopter rotor head
• Agusta-Westland
• In-plane strain
• Data transfered to a FE-Model
Surface strain maps measured
using shearography
du/dy (l), dv/dy (m), dw/dy (r)
![Page 11: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
November 26, 2014 11
1a. Shearography - Non-Destructive Testing
10 seconds 24 seconds 44 seconds
• AIM: Location of non-visible impact damage defect in an aerospace composite panel
• Loading by infra-red lamp
![Page 12: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
November 26, 2014 12
1a. Shearography - Vibration Characterisation
• AIM: Determination of resonant frequencies for a compressor turbine blade (time-average analysis)
2.74 kHz
(Blade flap)
4.45 kHz
(Corner/side flap)
5.06 kHz
(Whole blade
resonance)
11.94 kHz
(large amplitude
corner/side flap)
![Page 13: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Fibre Optic Sensors Research Topics
a. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
i. Coating thickness measurement
ii. 3D materials charaterisation
b. Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs)
i. Shape measurement (canera-based)
c. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)
i. Wireless sensor network
ii. Energy harvesting
November 26, 2014 13
Ping Liu, MSc ([email protected])
![Page 14: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2a. Optical Coherence Tomography
November 26, 2014 14
![Page 15: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
November 26, 2014 15
2a. OCT - Materials Testing
• AIM: Thickness measurements
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 7000
1
2
3
4
5
6x 10
-3
depth/m
Am
plitu
de/V
Thickness measurement of a epoxy coating
146 m
![Page 16: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
2a. Optical Coherence Tomography
November 26, 2014 16
![Page 17: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Monitoring
Long-term Monitoring
• Strain
• Temperature
• Relitive Humidity. Moisture content
• Displacement
• Light intensity
• Etc…
November 26, 2014 17
![Page 18: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
November 26, 2014 18
Monitoring: Fibre Bragg Grating
• Each FBG sensor reflects narrow wavelength spectrum
• Wavelength shifts due to strain change
Input spectrum
Transmitted spectrum
Core UV inscribed holographic grating FBG
Cladding
Reflected spectrum
![Page 19: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
November 26, 2014 19
2b. FBG - Multi-Parameter Strain and Vibration Measurement
• AIM: Multi-parameter measurement for composites NDT
• Simultaneous measurement of:
• Bending
• Tension or Compresion
• Vibration
![Page 20: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Wireless Sensor Network
November 26, 2014 20
![Page 21: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Spectral Imaging Research Topic
a. Hyperspectral Imaging
i. Visible & infra-red
b. Fibre Optic Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS)
i. Scanning point spectrometer
c. Spectal Processing
i. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
d. Terahertz Imaging
i. LWIR/microwave tomography
November 26, 2014 21
Dr Vassilis Papadakis (c/o [email protected])
![Page 22: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
3a. Hyperspectral Imaging
November 26, 2014 22
REF sample
THD sample
UVD sample
Ultraviolet aging (UVD), but not thermal aging (THD) changes can be identified in 950-1650 nm spectral range
![Page 23: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
3c. Signature Classification with Principal Component Analysis
Classes
(k-means) Dimensions
(PCA) Classification method
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7_0 #7_1 #7_2
10 10 97.5 97.5 96.7 85.8 98.3 88.3 95.8 96.7 95.8
30 97.5 92.5 96.7 60.8 98.3 86.7 96.7 96.7 96.7
20 10 95.0 93.3 89.2 80.0 94.2 87.5 95.8 97.5 95.8
30 95.0 85.8 89.2 60.8 94.2 82.5 97.5 95.0 97.5
30 10 90.8 87.5 82.5 65.8 89.2 76.7 85.0 95.0 85.0
30 92.5 79.2 82.5 51.7 89.2 77.5 87.5 91.7 87.5
40 10 90.0 87.5 82.5 75.0 90.0 84.2 86.7 92.5 87.5
30 90.8 77.5 81.7 51.7 90.0 80.8 88.3 93.3 88.3
REF sample THD sample UVD sample
![Page 24: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
3d. Terahertz Imaging
November 26, 2014 24
Amplitude Time delay
Application: Detect in-thickness material defects in wooden panel paintings
Size 200x105x13 mm3
![Page 25: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ultrasonics Research Topics
a. Guided Lamb wave ultrasonics
i. NDT/SHM of composite plates
ii. Time-reversal Lamb wave
iii. Air-coupled ultrasonics
b. C-scan ultrasonics
i. Data Fusion (ultrasonic C-scan and shape)
c. Phase-Array Ultrasonics
i. Damage detection in composites
November 26, 2014 25
Dr Roger Groves ([email protected])
![Page 26: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
November 26, 2014 26
4a. Lamb Waves – NDT/SHM of Laminated Composites
• Damage detection of multiple-location barely visible impact damage (BVID)
![Page 27: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• New Development of a Structural Health Monitoring technique for NDT
• Air-coupled transducers, with automated, e.g. robot, positioning allow non-contact high-speed damage detection in production environments
• Damage detection algorithms applied to received ultrasonic signals
Non-Contact NDT using Air-Coupled Sensors
4a. Guided Lamb Wave Ultrasonics
![Page 28: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
4b. Data Fusion (C-scan and shape)
![Page 29: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
4c. Phase-Array Ultrasonics
November 26, 2014 29
![Page 30: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
‘Toolbox’ of Measurement Techniques
• What do you want to measure?
• Don’t know exactly is a common answer
• Follow up question: What is the problem you are trying to solve?
• Partnership of experts to specify the problem
• We then propose measurement technique(s)
1. Available in my lab
2. We put you in contact with a external partner
3. We have to design something: funded or student project
November 26, 2014 30
![Page 31: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Aerospace NDT Laboratory Team
• 20 researchers and project students developing instrumentation, algorithms and applications
November 26, 2014 31
![Page 32: Inspection of composite structures · 2020. 5. 20. · 1. Optical Metrology Research Topics a. Linescan & point shape sensors i. Shape measurement (scanning sensors) b. Fringe projection](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081615/5fe0c4cfa830ab44065dcb91/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
November 26, 2014 32
Contact Details
• Dr Roger Groves
• Head of the Aerospace NDT Laboratory
• Faculty of Aerospace Engineering
• Delft University of Technology
• E-mail: [email protected]
• Telephone: +31 15 278 8230
• Webpage: www.optondt.tudelft.nl
• Address: Kluyverweg 1, Postbus 5058, 2600 GB Delft, Netherlands