Inside Earth: Chapter 1- Plate Tectonics Section 1: Earth’s Interior.
Inside Earth: Chapter 1- Plate Tectonics
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Transcript of Inside Earth: Chapter 1- Plate Tectonics
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Inside Earth: Chapter 1- Plate Tectonics
Section 3: Drifting Continents
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Guide For Reading
• What is continental drift?
• Why was Alfred Wegener’s theory rejected?
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The Theory of Continental Drift
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Pangaea• The name of the single landmass
that broke apart 200 million years ago and gave the rise to today’s continents
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Continental Drift• A hypothesis that the continents
slowly move across Earth’s surface
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Guide For Reading: What is Wegener’s theory of continental drift? • Continental drift is the hypothesis
that all the continents had once been joined together in a single landmass
• The continents have slowly moved apart over Earth’s surface
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Evidence From Landforms
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Evidence From Landforms• A mountain range in South Africa
lines up identical with mountain ranges in Argentina (South America)
• Brazilian coal fields match up identical with coal fields in South Africa
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Figure 11: Observing: Which coastlines seem to match up like jig-saw puzzle?
• The continents of Africa and South America best match up like jigsaw-puzzle pieces
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Figure 12: Inferring: According to Wegener’s theory, what does the presence of similar mountain ranges in Africa and South America indicate?
• The presence of similar mountain ranges indicates that Africa and South America were once joined.
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Evidence From Fossils
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Fossil• Fossil: A trace of an organism that
has been preserved in rock
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How did Wegener use evidence based on fossils to support his theory that the continents had moved?
• Glossopteris fossils have been found in rocks in Africa, South America, Australia, India, and Antarctica unexpectedly
• Seeds could not have travel that far over the oceans to reach other continents
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Evidence From Climate
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What two examples of climate change did Wegener use to support his theory of continental drift? • The Island of Spitsbergen (Artic
Ocean) has evidence of tropical plants
• Deep scratches in rocks were found in South Africa
• These scratches support evidence of glaciers
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Checkpoint: What were the three types of evidence Wegner used to support his theory of continental drift?
• Landforms
• Fossils
• Climate
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Scientists Reject Wegener’s Theory
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Guide For Reading: Why was Alfred Wegener’s theory rejected?
• Wegener could not provide a satisfactory explanation for the force that pushes or pulls the continents
• He could not identify the cause of continental drift
• Geologists needed more evidence of how the continents and mountains were formed