Hardware Components

Prepared to: Ms. Geraldine Mallo

Prepared by: Angelique L. Guce

1. INPUT HARDWARE

consists of devices that take data and programs that people read or comprehend and convert them to a form the computer can process.

2 types of Input Hardware

KEYBOARD ENTRY

DIRECT ENTRY

Text Input Devices

KEYBOARD

TERMINAL

Pointing Devices MOUSETRACKBALL TOUCH SCREENSLIGHT PENS DIGITIZING TABLETS PEN-BASED SYSTEMS

Game Controllers

STEERING WHEEL JOYSTICKGAMEPAD OR JOYPADPADDLE

Imaging and Video Input Devices

IMAGE SCANNERSWEBCAMFINGERPRINT READERBARCODE READER3D SCANNER SMART CARDS AND OPTICAL CARDS VOICE RECOGNITION DEVICES

Audio-input devices

•MICROPHONE•MID-KEYBOARD

•SENSORS

• HUMAN BIOLOGY INPUT DEVICES

2. OUTPUT HARDWARE

devices that translate information processed by the computer into a form humans can understand.

Permanent (HARDCOPY)

REFERS TO THE PRINTED OUTPUT

EXAMPLES: Printers (dot-matrix, inkjet, laser, thermal) Plotters

Temporary (SOFTCOPY)

refers to data that is known on a display screen or is in audio or voice form.

EXAMPLES:• cathode ray tubes (CRT)• flat-panel display • Plasma display devices • Multimedia projectors• Audio-output• Video output

ActionConsists of processing of a data

that initiate some form of action or process control activity

Examples: CAD/CAM ROBOTICS SYSTEM

3. PROCESSING HARDWARE

Central Processing Unit (CPU)- follows the instructions of the software to

manipulate data into informationControl Unit- tells the rest of the computer

system carry out a program’s instructions. Arithmetic/Logic Unit- performs arithmetic

operations and logical operations and controls the speed of those operations.

Types of Computer Memory

RAM-known as memory, primary storage, internal memory, volatile, temporary storage.

ROM- non-volatile; a permanent software called firmware, is installed during manufacturing.

Computer use the 2 state, 0/1. 2 binary coding schemes are:

ASCII- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

- most widely used for microcomputers.

EBODIC- Extended Binary-coded Decimal Interchange Code

-commonly used in mainframes

4. STORAGE HARDWARE

Storage capacity of computers is expressed in bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, petabytes, or exabytes.

Bit- short/binary digit Byte- 8 bitsKilobyte- 1,024 BytesMegabyte- 1,024 KBGigabyte- 1,024 MBTerabyte- 1,024 GB, Petabyte- 1,024 TBExabyte- 1,024 PB

Primary Storage- PAM Secondary Storage- is any storage devices

designed to retain data and instructions in a relatively permanent form.

Tape StorageDiskette Storage Hard Disks- rigid metal platters that hcid data

as magnetized spots. Floptical Disks- a cartridge disk that relies on

a combination of magnetic and optical technology.

Optical DisksCD-ROMCD-RCD-RWDVD-RDVD-RWWORM disksBLU-RAYLIGHTSCRIBE

5. Communication hardwareFacilitate the connections between computers

between groups of connected computers (networks).

Modulator-demodulator- convert a computer’s digital signals and vice-versa.

Fax-modern – a modern with a fax capabilityLAN card- the connection to the internet using

broadband selection.Wireless Network Interface Card- used for

wireless connection to LAN card Internet.

6. OTHERSPeripheral – a piece of

computer hardware that is attached to a host computer expand its capabilities.

Computer Port- serves as an interfere between the computer and other computers or peripheral devices.

Parallel- a type or interface found on computers for connecting various peripherals

Serial- a serial communication physical interface through information transfers in or out 1 bit at time.

PS/2-used for connecting some keyboards and mice to a PC compatible computer system.

IEEE 1394- a serial bus interface standard FOR HIGH-SPEED COMMUNICATIONS and isochronous real-time data transfer, frequently used in a personal computer and digital audio and digital video devices.

Universal Serial Bus- a serial bus standard interface devices to a host computer designed to allow the peripherals to be connected.

Ethernet- port used to connect a computer to a wired network.

THANK YOU