INNOVATION and EDUCATION Prof.Dr. URAL AKBULUT RECTOR Middle East Technical University TURKEY.
40
INNOVATION and EDUCATION Prof.Dr. URAL AKBULUT RECTOR Middle East Technical University TURKEY
Transcript of INNOVATION and EDUCATION Prof.Dr. URAL AKBULUT RECTOR Middle East Technical University TURKEY.
INNOVATION and
EDUCATION
Prof.Dr. URAL AKBULUTRECTOR
Middle East Technical University
TURKEY
THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
The knowledge economy and society depends for its growth on the combination of four independent factors:
production of knowledge transmissions of knowledge dissemination of knowledge use of knowledge in technological innovation
Education system especially universities play an important role in these areas.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TH
E K
NO
WL
ED
GE
SO
CIE
TY
Universities employ 34% of the total member of researchers in Europe
Germany: 26%Spain: 55%Greece: 70%Turkey: 80%
EU Publications
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TH
E K
NO
WL
ED
GE
SO
CIE
TY
ADULT LITERACY RATE
Poland: 99.7 %Korea: 97.6 %Mexico: 91.1 %Turkey: 84.6 %
World Bank Publications
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TH
E K
NO
WL
ED
GE
SO
CIE
TY
INFORMATION SOCIETY INDEX
Korea: 22Poland: 30Mexico: 44Turkey: 45
World Bank Publications
Developing countries need to invest more on technology and education.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TH
E K
NO
WL
ED
GE
SO
CIE
TY
TECHNOLOGY and EDUCATION INTEGRATION
Public policies must ensure all students have access to technology based opportunities software and the Internet
Technology is integrated into teaching and learning Technology transforms education practice by
empowering students and individualizing learning Increase resources for teacher training as a critical
component to ensure technology is appropriately and effectively integrated into the curriculum.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TH
E K
NO
WL
ED
GE
SO
CIE
TY
Increased demand for higher education
In Turkey alone, out of 1.9 million applicants only 0.4 million can be placed in higher education institutions. (2004)
Deficit, both as regards teaching staff and researchers, limited financial capacity (which does not keep in line with requirements)
Emerging employment fields require new human resource profiles.
EXPECTATIONS FROM EDUCATION in KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY for DEVELOPMENT
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NE
XP
EC
TA
TIO
NS
FR
OM
ED
UC
AT
ION
in
KN
OW
LE
DG
E S
OC
IET
Y f
or
DE
VE
LO
PM
EN
T
In 2020, 27% of the population in Europe will be over 65 years old.
In 2020, 30 Million more manpower will be in demand in Europe
The high ratio of young population is an advantage for developing countries in Eurasia, if adequate education opportunities could be provided.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NE
XP
EC
TA
TIO
NS
FR
OM
ED
UC
AT
ION
in
KN
OW
LE
DG
E S
OC
IET
Y f
or
DE
VE
LO
PM
EN
T
Develop effective and close cooperation between universities and industry
Main mechanisms through which the knowledge and expertise possessed and developed by universities can flow directly to industry:
licensing of university intellectual property, spin-off and start-up companies, industry based research
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NE
XP
EC
TA
TIO
NS
FR
OM
ED
UC
AT
ION
in
KN
OW
LE
DG
E S
OC
IET
Y f
or
DE
VE
LO
PM
EN
T
The emergence of new expectations
Alongside its fundamental mission of initial training, universities must cater for new needs in education and training stemming from the knowledge-based economy and society.
an increasing need for scientific and technical education, opportunities for life-long learningclose involvement in community life.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NE
XP
EC
TA
TIO
NS
FR
OM
ED
UC
AT
ION
in
KN
OW
LE
DG
E S
OC
IET
Y f
or
DE
VE
LO
PM
EN
T
Mobility of Students, Researchers/Teachers
Compatibility and the transparency of the education systems whereby qualifications are recognized (core of the Bologna process of convergence),
Mobility of teachers and researchers within and between countries in Europe is low.
Student mobility, is still marginal in most countries. (In 2000, only 2.3% of European students were pursuing their studies in another European country)
Number of resident international students in the world is around 1.5 Million. (2 %)
USA : 540.000 Europe : 450.000Australia: 100.000Turkey: 16.000EU Publications
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NE
XP
EC
TA
TIO
NS
FR
OM
ED
UC
AT
ION
in
KN
OW
LE
DG
E S
OC
IET
Y f
or
DE
VE
LO
PM
EN
T
INNOVATION and EDUCATION in TURKEY
Turkish education system must be reorganized to cope with these new expectations.
In addition, there is a strong need to adjust the education system for innovative societyINN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
in T
UR
KE
Y
MAIN OBJECTIVES in EDUCATION
1. Introduce•creative •flexible •innovative
way of thinking in the society2. Establish a system of Life-Long Learning for all citizens 3. Encourage schools to integrate new technologies into their curricula. 4. Increase the level of ICT literacy in society
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
in T
UR
KE
Y
Integrating ICT: Pre-school, Primary and Secondary EducationIncrease the budget allocated for education Establish Internet connection for all schoolsEstablish computer laboratories (Minimum one PC per 15 students)Secondary school livers should be computer literate (to be employed ICT workers)Provide basic ICT training for teachers
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
in T
UR
KE
Y
Higher Education
Active participation of Turkey in international projects (e-Europe+) Developing e-resources in Turkish (new or translated)Forming new job descriptions in line with the requirements of the knowledge society.Ensuring that students in each discipline take a certain number of courses in ICTPreparation of “national computer literacy certificate”Mobility of researchers/teachers and students
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
in T
UR
KE
Y
Distance education
Encouraging universities with adequate academic staff and infrastructure to pioneer in the field of distance educationSupporting curriculum development in distance educationDeveloping an accreditation system for distance education programs
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
in T
UR
KE
Y
Continuing Education
Creating awareness in the computer technologies for all. (at site training)Provide computer literacy courses for the young generation during their military service.Provision of free of charge computer literacy courses to civil servants . Making use of distance learning methods for this purpose.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
in T
UR
KE
Y
MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY (METU) assists the students with their innovative ideas and entrepreneurial spirit.
Undergraduate curricula enhances the development of following skills:
Analytical thinkingTeam workProblem based learningTime managementDecision makingLeadershipParticipationEthical valuesRisk takingTechnological skills
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
MID
DL
E E
AS
T T
EC
HN
ICA
L U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
Mechanisms to support these skills development:
Courses and certificate programs and for entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship CenterCareer Planning CenterCapstone group projects for senior
studentsEthic center
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
MID
DL
E E
AS
T T
EC
HN
ICA
L U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
At post graduate level:
Innovative research High quality leading edge research
capacity Scientific proficiency International publications and
networking Providing solutions for industrial
problems.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
MID
DL
E E
AS
T T
EC
HN
ICA
L U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
Support mechanisms:
Industrial thesesMETU Technopolis and Incubation CenterFaculty Development Program (ÖYP)Integrated National and International Projects (YUUP)Postdoctoral FellowshipEU projects
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
MID
DL
E E
AS
T T
EC
HN
ICA
L U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
METU disseminate knowledge
Distance Learning Programs
Containing Education
Entrepreneurship Education for Public
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
MID
DL
E E
AS
T T
EC
HN
ICA
L U
NIV
ER
SIT
Y
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
UNIVERSITY - INDUSTRY COLLABORATION
and TURKISH SMEs
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
-IN
DU
ST
RY
CO
LL
AB
OR
AT
ION
99 % of Turkish business enterprises are SMEs, and 53% of employment is in SMEs.
The innovation ability of Turkish SMEs needs to be developed by university-industry relationship.
The technoparks and incubation centers are vital tools for this collaboration and innovation.
(KOSGEB 2005 Documents)INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TU
RK
ISH
SM
Es
EDUCATION LEVEL of SME OWNERSIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
TU
RK
ISH
SM
Es
051015202530354045
Primary
Secondary
University
Master
PhD
EDUCATION LEVEL OF SME MANAGERSIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
TU
RK
ISH
SM
Es
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Primary
Secondary
University
Master
PhD
Export : 43 % of SMEsTrademark, patent: 56 % of SMEs
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
TU
RK
ISH
SM
Es
ICT InfrastructureIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
TU
RK
ISH
SM
Es
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Internet
Web
Network
e-Trade
Sale
e-Trade
Purchace
Consultancy IN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
TU
RK
ISH
SM
Es
Consultancy Percentage
Sale, advertisement 2.69
Sale, distribution 1.82
Management/Organization 2.71
Human Resources 1.79
TQM 4.56
Production Planning and Control 3.00
Foreign Trade / Export 1.89
Computer Systems 3.81
Regular Maintenance 1.92
Financial Management 2.76
Administrator education 1.78
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT ZONES (TDZ)TDZ Law (July 2001) promotes the establishment of science and technology parks under the guidance and lead of universities.The Law aims:
to create technological know-how for export, to introduce innovations in products and production methods, to raise the quality or standards to support entrepreneurship, to enable SMEs to adapt to the new and advanced
technologies, to create opportunities of investment in technology intensive
areas to help the transfer of technology to provide the technological infrastructure which will facilitate
the entry of the foreign capital.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
METU-Technopolis is the most developed science and technology park in the Region.
1991: The METU-SMIDO Technology Development Center was founded. Until today, 70 companies are graduated from the incubation center and over 95% of them are successful
2001: METU-Technopolis established
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
METU-TECH (Facts and Figures)
•800.000 square meter land•70.000 square meter office space•20 million USD investment•480 R&D projects•200 Faculty members participate in projects•40 companies are involved in joint projects with the university•hosts 137 companies •employing over 1750 researchers,•majority of the companies are technology based SMEs •dealing with ICT and software products and services.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
2004 exports of METUTECH companies 12 Million USD
The export markets of the companies are countries like USA, Singapore, Hong Kong, Dubai, Holland, Russia, Germany, England, etc.
Companies conducting 6th Framework research projects together with academicians.
METU Technopolis is the coordinator of IRC-Anatolia, which assists SMEs to enhance their technological development through technology transfer.
METU Technopolis provide technological support to Mediterranean Region via regional development project (RIS-Mersin: the first regional innovation planning project)
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
LESSONS LEARNED
Creating of awareness The success of METUTECH and the TDZ in general
has increased the awareness of public and industry, towards research and technology development, innovation and entrepreneurship.
More and more companies are paying attention to collaboration with universities:
Technological level of products and services, the level of ICT involvement in production processes improved
Most managers have now realized that research and innovation is the key to compete in global markets.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
Sensitization of policy makers and key constituencies:
The reservations and hesitations from the policy makers with regard to tax incentives faded away.
Proper incentives given for the development of the knowledge economy will pay off immediately by increasing the technological competitiveness of the country.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
Changes in university community: involvement of the university community within industrial
based research projects has increased after METUTECH. attitudes in favor of basic research has shifted toward the
applied research and technology development leading to innovation.
IPRs (Intellectual Property Rights) have become a major concern of the researchers in the university.
More researchers are establishing spin off companiesCurricula are modified in accordance with the
requirements of the companies.Entrepreneurs and researchers in METU Technopolis and
Incubator became new role models for the students.Student demand for courses and certificate programs on
entrepreneurship increasedSpin-off companies of new graduates boomed.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
ME
TU
TE
CH
NO
PO
LIS
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
The countries in the region can enhance their development by innovating and exporting technology products.
Governments must support development of innovation culture by:
Encourage creative thinking in schoolsEmbedding ICT usage into curricula of schools at all
levelsCreate public awareness on the importance of life-
long learningAllocate seed financing and provide incentives for
risk capital and angel financing companies
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
N
FU
TU
RE
PE
RS
PE
CT
IVE
S
METU offers its expertise and know-how to Eurasian countries in order to develop new technoparks and incubators.
METU is setting up “Eurasian Technoparks Network” to enhance innovative cooperation and to create synergy in the region.
INN
OV
AT
ION
an
d E
DU
CA
TIO
NIN
NO
VA
TIO
N a
nd
ED
UC
AT
ION
FU
TU
RE
PE
RS
PE
CT
IVE
S
INNOVATION and
EDUCATION
Prof.Dr. URAL AKBULUTRECTOR
Middle East Technical University
TURKEY
