Brittany JonesHED 405

April 22, 2013

Injury Prevention and Safety: Drinking and Driving

Potential Risk Factors• How many of you have received or plan to receive your driver’s

license? • Why are drivers, aged 16-19, are at higher risk?

– Poor Hazard Detection– Risk Taking– Low Risk Perception– Not Wearing Seatbelts– Lack of skill– Alcohol and Drugs– Carrying Passengers– Night Driving

– (Young Drivers) or DMV.org

Every 15 Minute Program• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8HpyzeVAEA

The Numbers! • Drivers between the ages of 16-17

– With a passenger- 3.6 times more likely to be in a fatal accident

– After 9:00 pm-3 times more likely to be in an accident– Had-Been-Drinking (HBD)– The HBD crash rate for 16-year-old drivers is 1.8 times higher than drivers of all

ages. – The HBD crash rate for 16 to 19-year-old drivers is 1.9 times higher than drivers

of all ages. ---- In 2011, DMV reports that of all fatal crashes, 5.1 % of them were due to

accidents involving drinking and driving.

More Alarming Numbers• Research Indicates:

– Teenagers between 18-20-57% of them admitted to driving drunk

– 50% of them admitted to drinking while in the act of driving

– 7/10 teenagers drive a car after multiple drinks• (Little & Clontz 1994)

Food For Thought• Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)

– A BAC of 0.05-0.09-drivers are nine times more likely to crash than those with a zero BAC (Zador, 1991)

– Males are twice as likely to die in an alcohol- related crash rather than females (Cardinal & Crain & Do & Fréchette & McFaull & Skinner et al. 2012).

– During a five year period, research indicates that 88% of alcohol- related collisions happed at night or with a passenger or BOTH! (William & West & Shults, 2012)

Influences to Drink and Drive

Extrinsic• Peer Pressure• Bullying• Rejection• Fit-in • Trouble saying “No”

Intrinsic• Feel cool• Fearless• Invincible• “Not that drunk”• Embarrassed to call

anyone

Friends don’t let Friends Drink and Drive

• Resources– FAMILY!!!

• Parents, siblings, etc– Friends

• If needed contact a true friend to help!

---Family Friend---Teacher/Mentor/Counselor-Police Department

Arcata Police 707-822-2428 CHP-707-822-5981 Eureka Police

707-441-4060

Communication Strategies• Saying “No” in the moment can be difficult!

– Don’t give into peer pressure– Stand your ground– “I” Statements

• “I am frustrated when you try to get me to do something that I don’t feel comfortable doing”

– State your position in a firm but not treating tone! • Approaching Parents

– Don’t be afraid to talk to them• Talk to them before the situation• Don’t be afraid to call them during the situation• Demonstrate active listening skills and proper non-verbal body

language• Remain positive while communicating with your parents

Decision Making• Know the Laws

– Drinking Age Legally: 21– BAC-Must be greater than or equal to 0.01%– Zero Tolerance Policy-if under 21, you are not allowed to drive a motor

vehicle with any amount of alcohol in your system– Minor First Offense (Infraction)

• DMV suspends license for a year( Min of a year-up to 3 years)• Complete a three month alcohol program before license can be

reinstated• 3-5 years probation• 390-1000 + dollars in fines• Up to one year in jail• Mandatory Court Approved Alcohol class

Decision Making • Know the consequences

– Who is effected?• Passengers(friends and/or siblings), parents, YOU!

– Know the risks involved?• Injury to yourself and others, or death• Physical and emotional stress

– Is it worth it? • Scenario-your at a party and getting ready to go

home after you have had a beer, how do you get home?

Goal Setting• Goal 1: Write a goal which uses communication

skills to effectively communicate to others that you won’t give into peer pressure. – Ex “My goal is to use “I” messages to my friends so they can better

understand how I feel when I am being pressured”

• Goal 2: Write down a goal which states a way that you can avoid being put into a situation to drink and drive. – Ex “My goal is to call my mother if I need a ride home!”

Personal, family and Community Health

• Places to get help– Alcoholics anonymous

• Address: PO Box 7102, Eureka, CA 95502 • Phone:(707) 442-0711

– Buzzed Driving• http://buzzeddriving.adcouncil.org/• Take the pledge to not drink and drive

– Mother’s Against Drunk Driving• http://www.madd.org/• Help Line 877-MADD-HELP

Taxi Services• Plaza Cab

– (707) 822-4742

I took the pledge, will you?

Reference List• Cardinal, M., Crain, J., Do, M., Fréchette, M., McFaull, S., Skinner, R., et al. (2012). Injury in

Review, 2012 Edition: Spotlight on Road and Transport Safety. Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada, 32(4), 229-230. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from http://atlantique.phac.gc.ca/pu blicat/cdic-mcbc/32-4/assets/pdf/vol32n4-cardinal-eng.pdf

• Little, R., & Clontz, K. (1994). Young, drunk, dangerous and driving: Underage drinking and driving research findings. Journal Of Alcohol & Drug Education, 39(2), 37.

• _Injuries_in_Relation_to_Drive/1717.html• Williams, A., West, B., & Shults, R. (2012). Fatal Crashes of 16- to 17-Year-Old Drivers Involving

Alcohol, Nighttime Driving, and Passengers. Traffic Injury Prevention, 13(1), 1-6. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15389 588.2011.633235

• Zador, P. (1991). Alcohol-Related Relative Risk of Fatal Driver Injuries in Relation to Driver Age and Sex. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 52(4), 302-310. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from http://www.jsad.com/jsad/article/AlcoholRelated_Relative_Risk_of_Fatal_Driver

• Young Drivers. (n.d.). California Department of Motor Vehicles. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from https://www.dmv.ca.gov/teenweb/more_btn6/traffic/traffic.htm#

BRITTANY JONESInjury Prevention and Safety: Drinking and Driving