Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports

Werner Krutsch • Hermann O. Mayr Volker Musahl • Francesco Della Villa Philippe M. Tscholl • Henrique JonesEditors

Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports

A Guide to Decision Making

ISBN 978-3-662-60751-0 ISBN 978-3-662-60752-7 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60752-7

© ESSKA 2020This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.The registered company address is: Heidelberger Platz 3, 14197 Berlin, Germany

EditorsWerner KrutschSportDocsFrankenNurembergGermany

Department of Trauma SurgeryUniversity Medical Centre RegensburgRegensburgGermany

Volker MusahlUPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine CenterUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, PAUSA

Philippe M. TschollOrthopaedic Surgery and TraumatologyGeneva University HospitalsGenevaSwitzerland

Hermann O. MayrDepartment of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryMedical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Schoen Clinic Munich Harlaching—FIFA Medical Centre of ExcellenceMunichGermany

Francesco Della VillaEducation and Research DepartmentIsokinetic Medical GroupBolognaItaly

Henrique JonesHospital da Luz, SetubalOrthopedic and Sports Medicine ClinicMontijoPortugal

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Sports medicine today comprises many different medical specialties and committed sports physicians aim at providing athletes with both general and specific medical services. A book describing the fundamental principles of sports medicine as well as therapeutic strategies that include specific approaches according to the respective sport discipline is essential for the comprehensive and lasting health care of professional and recreational ath-letes. Orthopedist, for instance, may benefit from having sound knowledge of internal medicine or sports neurology and cardiologists from in-depth knowl-edge of musculoskeletal injuries or sports dermatology. The main part of this book is thus focused on the exchange between different medical disciplines as a key factor for the treatment and ultimately the health of professional and recreational athletes.

In this book, an international group of sports-medical experts of different specialties describe interesting approaches to a wide range of health care situ-ations from their daily clinical practice. The key topics of this book are emer-gencies, surgical indications, primary prevention strategies, rehabilitation concepts after injury or illness, and the timing of return to competition, which are described by means of epidemiological statistics, athletes’ case reports, tables, and figures. Each chapter gives a structured overview of the respective topic and provides basic knowledge and background information, in-depth knowledge for practical routine in training and competition, typical pitfalls for sports physicians as well as authors’ recommendations for continuative literature on the topic.

The editors trust that this handbook will be a valuable tool for decision- making in sports medicine.

Nuremberg, Germany Werner Krutsch

Preface

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As European Sports Medicine Associates (ESMA) Chairman, I am very proud to participate in this new ESMA project. The book Injury and Health Risk Management in Sports is really a handbook for decision making with the intention of helping sports and team doctors, sports surgeons, physiothera-pists, coaches, fitness coaches, and athletes to understand the specifics of sports kinesiology, injury mechanisms, the rehabilitation process, and a satis-factory return to sports. This is also a book that intends to be the result of two main ESMA principles: education and divulgation in sports medicine. We want sports people to respect their sport, interpersonal communication, fair play, the prevention of sports-related injury, the recovery process, and, finally, to respect the right moment to return to competition. Sports have become more and more appealing to doctors and surgeons, and it is our mission to adopt and promote the best practices in sports medicine, not only to prevent injuries but also to help athletes return at their same performance level after an injury. I am sure that this book, with such competent people contributing, will help you all to understand our main messages.

Montijo, Portugal Henrique Jones

Preface

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Part I Different Aspects for Different Athletes: Principles and Special Considerations in Athletes

1 Junior Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Oliver Loose and Stephan Gerling

2 Adolescent Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Nathalie Farpour-Lambert

3 Sport in Female Athletes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Tiana Raoul, Clémence Coll, and Patricia Thoreux

4 Recreational Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Kaywan Izadpanah and Norbert P. Südkamp

5 Sports in Professional Athletes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Yunus Emre Ozdemir and Baris Kocaoglu

6 Elderly and Retired Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Henrique Jones

7 Sports in Handicapped Athletes and Inclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Anja Hirschmüller

8 Sports in Daily Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Angelina Lukaszenko, Ferran Abat, and Jocelio Campos Moraes

9 Sports for Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Rogério Pereira, Renato Andrade, and João Espregueira-Mendes

Part II General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Musculoskeletal Aspects in Sports—From Prevention to Return to Sports

10 General Aspects of Sports Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Leonard Achenbach

11 Prevention Strategies in Traumatic and Overuse Injuries . . . . . 67Francesco Della Villa, Marco Gastaldo, and Matthew Buckthorpe

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12 Pre-seasonal Assessment and Performance Diagnostics: Orthopaedic and Functional Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Alli Gokeler and Daniel Büchel

13 Rehabilitation of Sports Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Helmut Hoffmann

14 Return to Play After Sport Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Alli Gokeler, Anne Benjaminse, and Bart Dingenen

15 Fatigue and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97Henrique Jones

Part III General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Specific Medical Care in Typical Sports Injuries

16 Polytrauma and the Unconscious Athlete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Daniel Mahr and Himanshu Bhayana

17 Head Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Johannes Weber

18 Spine and Trunk Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Himanshu Bhayana and Daniel Mahr

19 Shoulder and Upper Arm Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Felipe Eggers, Sebastian Siebenlist, and Andreas B. Imhoff

20 Elbow and Forearm Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Stephanie Geyer, Andreas B. Imhoff, and Sebastian Siebenlist

21 Wrist and Hand Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Katharina Angerpointner, Christoph Koch, and Sebastian Geis

22 Hip Injuries and Groin Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145Radu Prejbeanu, Vlad Predescu, Horia Haragus, and Mihail Lazar Mioc

23 Thigh/Muscle Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Tomas Fernández-Jaén and Pedro Guillén García

24 Knee Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159Henrique Jones

25 Ankle Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Henrique Jones

26 Foot Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Markus Walther, Hubert Hörterer, and Marc Hilgers

27 Overuse Injuries of the Spine and Trunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179Christian Schneider

28 Overuse Injuries on the Upper Extremity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Lukas N. Muench, Andreas B. Imhoff, and Sebastian Siebenlist

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29 Overuse Injuries on the Lower Extremity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189Manuel Virgolino

Part IV General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Principles of Treatment in Sports Injuries

30 Conservative Treatment Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197Werner Krutsch and Florian Pfab

31 Indication for Surgical Treatment of Injuries of the Shoulder and Elbow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201Maximilian Kerschbaum and Christian Pfeifer

32 Indication for Surgical Treatment of Injuries of the Wrist and Hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207Christoph Koch, Katharina Angerpointner, and Sebastian Geis

33 Indication for Surgical Treatment of Injuries of the Hip, Groin, and Thigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213Horia Haragus, Mihail Lazar Mioc, and Radu Prejbeanu

34 Indication for Surgical Treatment of Injuries of Knee and Shank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221Henrique Jones

35 Indication for Surgical Treatment of Injuries of the Foot . . . . . . 229Markus Walther, Marc Hilgers, and Hubert Hörterer

36 Principles of Sports Equipment and Sportswear . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235Hartmut Semsch

Part V General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Internistic Aspects and General Medical Problems of Athletes

37 The Pre-season Screening Examinations: Internist Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245Celeste Geertsema, Roger Palfreeman, and Stephen Targett

38 Prevention Strategies in Cardiovascular Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . 253Paolo Emilio Adami and Antonio Pelliccia

39 Cardiovascular Screening in Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259Barbara Barra, Claudia Favero, Andrea Ermolao, and Daniel Neunhäuserer

40 General Aspects of Return to Play After Specific Cardiovascular Diseases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267Paolo Emilio Adami and Antonio Pelliccia

41 Strategies of Return-to-Play After Specific Cardiovascular Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275Marco Vecchiato, Barbara Mazzucato, Laura Padoan, Andrea Ermolao, and Daniel Neunhäuserer

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42 Sports and Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281Helena Herrero

43 Dental Medicine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287Jean Luc Dartevelle, Lucile Goupy, and Alain Frey

44 Neurology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297Claus Reinsberger

45 Ophthalmology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303Fabian Stelzle, Sabine Peschel, and Björn Scheef

46 Otorhinolaryngology and Facial Trauma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309Volker Krutsch

47 Dermatology/Allergology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315Florian Pfab

48 Gynecology and Obstetrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323René Bogesits Aufschneider

49 Urology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329Kai Braun and Robin Seiffert

50 Aesthetic Surgery and Sport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335Lukas Prantl and Niklas Biermann

51 Psychological Aspects in Elite Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341Vincent Gouttebarge and Gino Kerkhoffs

Part VI General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Emergency Management and On-Field-Treatment

52 Emergency Management: ABCD (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349Rodolfo Ferrari

53 Emergency Management: Sports Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355Michael R. Carmont, Patrick O’Halloran, and Matilda Lundblad

54 Emergency Management: Non- traumatic Problems . . . . . . . . . . 361Rodolfo Ferrari

55 Pitchside Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367Michael R. Carmont

56 Emergency Equipment on the Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373Daniel Broman and Daniel Popp

57 Indication for Hospitalization and Clinic Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377Jan-Hendrik Naendrup, Thomas R. Pfeiffer, and Daniel Guenther

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Part VII General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Nutrition, Medication and Juristic Aspects

58 Anti-doping and Medication in Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385Martial Saugy and Philippe M. Tscholl

59 Nutrition Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393Marco Freschi

60 Nutritional Supplements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399Marco Freschi and Luca Pollastri

61 Juristic Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405Heiko Striegel, Raymond Best, and Andreas Nieß

Part VIII General Aspects in Sports Medicine: Sports in Specific Environments

62 Sports in Hot and Cold Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413Robin Seiffert and Dominik Szymski

63 Sports in Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417Sandra Leal, Pascal Zellner, and Philippe M. Tscholl

64 Scuba Diving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421Robin Seiffert and Dominik Szymski

Part IX Aspects of Different Sports: Special Considerations in Team Sports and Ball Sports

65 Football . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427Jonas Werner and Markus Waldén

66 Futsal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433Morgan Gauthier and Philippe M. Tscholl

67 Handball. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439Markus Wurm, Leonard Achenbach, and Lior Laver

68 Basketball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445Kai Fehske, Tekin Kerem Ulku, and Baris Kocaoglu

69 Volleyball/Beach Volleyball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451Nélson Puga and Diogo Dias

70 Field Hockey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457Thomas Stoffels, Martin Häner, and Wolf Petersen

71 American Football. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463Robert Tisherman, Sean Meredith, Nicholas Vaudreuil, Ravi Vaswani, Joseph De Groot, Kevin Byrne, and Volker Musahl

72 Baseball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471Travis S. Roth, Chris H. Garrett, and Daryl C. Osbahr

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73 Rugby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479Michael R. Carmont, Francois Kelberine, and Catherine Lester

74 Ice Hockey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485Gernot Felmet

Part X Aspects of Different Sports: Special Considerations for Athletic Sports

75 Running Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493Gian Luigi Canata, Luca Pulici, Gaspare Pavei, and Katia Corona

76 Triathlon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499Casper Grim and Thilo Hotfiel

77 Jumping Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503Gian Luigi Canata, Luca Pulici, Gaspare Pavei, and Valentina Casale

78 Throwing Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509Giacomo Zanon, Alberto Vascellari, and Alberto Combi

Part XI Aspects of Different Sports: Special Considerations for Winter Sports

79 Alpine Skiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519Amelie Stoehr and Hermann O. Mayr

80 Ski Touring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525Lukas Ernstbrunner, Mohamed A. Imam, and Stefan Fröhlich

81 Cross-Country Skiing/Biathlon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531Simon Euler

82 Snowboarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535Tobias Baumgart and Christian Ehrnthaller

83 Ice Skating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543Giacomo de Marco, Julien Billières, and Jacques Menetrey

84 Bobsleigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551Christian Schneider

Part XII Aspects of Different Sports: Special Consideration for Martial Arts and Contact Sports

85 Judo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559Ralph Akoto, Julian Mehl, Theresa Diermaier, Maxime Lambert, and Christophe Lambert

86 Wrestling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565Szabolcs Molnár, Károly Mensch, and Krisztián Gáspár

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87 Boxing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573Holger Schmitt

88 Taekwondo/Karate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579Markus Geßlein, Frank Düren, and Johannes Rüther

89 Fencing Sport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585Marcel Fischer

Part XIII Special Considerations for Sports with Higher Speed and High Energy

90 Motorsports by Motorcycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593Gonçalo Moraes Sarmento and Ana Luísa Neto

91 Four-Wheeled Motorsports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599Robin Seiffert, Dominik Szymski, and Werner Krutsch

92 Cycling Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605Nastassia Guanziroli, Julien Billières, and Jacques Menetrey

93 Equestrian Sport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615Angelina Lukaszenko

Part XIV Aspects of Different Sports: Special Considerations for Modern and Extreme Sports

94 Flying Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621Denis Bron and Ursula Heggli

95 Sport Climbing/Bouldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627Andreas Schweizer

96 Canyoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635Lukas Ernstbrunner, Mohamed A. Imam, and Stefan Fröhlich

Part XV Aspects of Different Sports: Special Considerations for Swimming and Water Sports

97 Swimming Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641James W. Miller, Margo Mountjoy, Cees-Rein van den Hoogenband, Emilio Lopez-Vidriero, and Monica Solana-Trmunt

98 Water Jumping Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651Jean-Romain Delaloye, Frank Sander, Jozef Murar, Thomas Tischer, and Lukas Ernstbrunner

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99 Water Polo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659Michael Badulescu

100 Sailing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 665Dario Karamatic and Robin Seiffert

Part XVI Aspects of Different Sports: Special Considerations for Other IOC Sports

101 Tennis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671Emilio Lopez-Vidriero, Rosa Lopez-Vidriero, Michael Najfeld, and Kai Fehske

102 Squash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677Bertrand Tapie, Charlotte Gil, and Patricia Thoreux

103 Badminton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 683Kai Fehske, Rosa Lopez-Vidriero, and Emilio Lopez-Vidriero

104 Table Tennis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687Clémence Goupil, Perrine Capron, and Patricia Thoreux

105 Golf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693Lukas Clerc, Olivier Rouillon, and Didier Hannouche

106 Rowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699Jürgen M. Steinacker, Johannes Kirsten, Kay Winkert, Mickel Washington, and Gunnar Treff

107 Archery and Shooting Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705Dominik Szymski and Robin Seiffert

108 Paralympic Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711Anja Hirschmüller

Part XVII Special Sports with Physical and Mental Dynamic and Coordination

109 Dancing Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721Björn Drews

110 Ballet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725Xavière Barreau, Charlotte Gil, and Patricia Thoreux

111 Gymnastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 733Franziska Eckers, Lolita Fischer, and Philippe M. Tscholl

112 E-Sports/Computer Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741Robin Seiffert, Dominik Szymski, and Werner Krutsch

113 Chess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745Dominik Szymski and Robin Seiffert

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114 Beach Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749Leonard Achenbach

115 Gym and Fitness Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755Felix Fischer

Part XVIII Tips and Tricks in Player’s Care

116 Tips and Tricks for Athletes and Coaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763Henrique Jones

117 Tips and Tricks for Medical Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767Angelina Lukaszenko, Yunus Emre Ozdemir, Baris Kocaoglu, and Ferran Abat

118 Tips and Tricks for Fitness Coaches and Sport Scientists . . . . . 773Andreas Schlumberger

119 Tips and Tricks for Sports Clubs and Sports Associations . . . . 779Antonio Maestro, Manuel Rodriguez-Alonso, and Iván Pipa

120 Tips and Tricks for Team Healthcare at Multisports Events . . 787Michael R. Carmont, Patrick O’Halloran, Lee Schofield, Doug A. Evans, and Ron Olson

121 Tips and Tricks for Stay & Play on Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 793Werner Krutsch

122 Tips and Tricks for Healing Potential in Different Tissue . . . . . 799Manuel Virgolino

Contents

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Werner Krutsch, MD, is Orthopedic Surgeon and Specialist in Knee Surgery and Sports Medicine. He is Associate Professor in the Department of Trauma Surgery at the University Medical Centre Regensburg and Deputy Director of the FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence Regensburg, Germany. Dr. Krutsch is a member of the Medical Committee and Co-Director of the Football Medicine Programme at the German Football Association DFB. He is the Medical Director of the Football Association Bayern and former FIFA DC Officer. Dr. Krutsch is additionally head of pre-vention at the second league football club SSV Jahn Regensburg and a member of committee in different orthopedic societies. Dr. Krutsch has had an active professional football career with clubs including VFB Stuttgart and 1. FC Nürnberg and won several national and interna-tional titles in football. He is currently the cap-tain of the German national football team of medical doctors and a member of the Legends Team of retired player at the 1. FC Nürnberg. Research focus of Dr. Krutsch is football medi-cine and injury prevention in football with more than 70 publications as original paper or book chapters in the last 6 years.

Hermann  O.  Mayr, MD, is Chief of the Department of Knee, Hip and Shoulder Surgery, Schoen Clinic Munich Harlaching, Germany. He is also Research Associate in the Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery of Freiburg University, Germany. From 2007 to 2012, he was Associate Professor. In 2012 he was appointed Extraordinary Professor at Freiburg University. Hermann Mayr is Past Chair of the

About the Editors

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ESSKA Sports Committee, Founding Chairman and Past Chairman of ESMA (European Sports Medicine Associates, a Section of ESSKA), and Past President and Founding President of DKG (German Knee Society). He also served as President of AGA (Society for Arthroscopy and Joint Surgery) from 2009 to 2011. Hermann Mayr is one of the physicians of the German National Ski Team since 1990. He has been responsible for various inventions and is the holder of several patents.

Volker  Musahl, MD, is Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh, Chief of Sports Medicine at the UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center, Program Director of the Sports Medicine fellowship program, and asso-ciate head team physician for the University of Pittsburgh Football team. Prof. Musahl has received numerous honors and awards and has published over 250 peer-reviewed publications. He is Deputy Editor-in-Chief of Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy (KSSTA). His research interests include clinical outcomes research of knee and shoulder. He is currently co-principal investigator for two large-scale multicenter randomized controlled trials, the STaR trial and the STABILITY II trial.

Francesco  Della  Villa, MD, is a Sport and Exercise Medicine physician as well as a clini-cian and researcher. He is in charge of clinical research and development, working in the Education and Research Department of the Isokinetic Medical Group, which is a FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, located in Bologna, Italy. Dr. Della Villa is an active mem-ber of different international scientific societies. He had an international education with a focus on qualitative movement analysis and biome-chanics. He has a particular interest in translating research into high level clinical practice, with a focus on rehabilitation and return to play after knee injuries, especially ACL injuries. His research interests vary from injury mechanism to functional outcomes following complex sports injuries. Husband, father, and lover of the nature, he is also a passionate saltwater fisherman.

About the Editors

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Philippe  M.  Tscholl, MD, is Orthopedic Surgeon and Sports Medicine specialist, Senior Consultant at the Geneva University Hospitals for Knee Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Medical Director of the Swiss Olympic Medical Center, and member of the IOC medical center Re-FORM (Réseau Francophone Olympique pour la Recherche en Médecine du sport). He is a member of several international societies and expert groups around the knee and sports medi-cine, a member of the editorial board of the KSSTA journal, and the author of several scien-tific articles around the knee, especially the patel-lofemoral joint. He is in charge of the Swiss National Futsal team and the Under 18 Swiss National Ice Hockey team, team physician of sev-eral local American Football, Rugby, and Volleyball teams, and has participated at several European Youth Olympic Festivals and Under-18 IIHF World Championships as chief medical offi-cer for Switzerland. He is former research assis-tant of the F-MARC, having investigated on the epidemiology of injuries and their mechanisms, age determination of the wrist on MRI, and the use of medication in professional athletes.

Henrique Jones, MD, is Orthopedic Surgeon and Sports Medicine Specialist, is the Clinical Director of the Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Clinic, Montijo, Lisbon, and prac-tices surgery at Hospital de Luz, Setubal. He is currently Invited Professor of Lusofona University and Catholic University, Lisbon. H. Jones is also an Aerospatiale Medicine spe-cialist and retired Colonel Doctor of the Portuguese Air Force and practiced in Portuguese Air Force Hospital, Lisbon, where he was Clinical Director and Head of Orthopedic Surgery Department (2003–2011). In sports medicine participation, he was the Team Doctor of Portuguese National Football Team in 3 European and 5 World Cup Competitions (1999–2014). He is a member of UEFA Medical Committee since 2010 and became Vice-President in 2017. Dr. H Jones is the Past President of Portuguese Arthroscopy and Sports Trauma Society (2016–2018) and ESMA Chairman (European Sports Medicine Associates, a Section of ESSKA) since 2018.

About the Editors

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List of Associate Editors

Dominik  Szymski Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

Robin Seiffert Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

About the Editors