Initial student reaction to the words “Research Paper” were:

…or

…or

Take notesMake notes on five (5) ideas that are

important in producing a college level research paper.

Construct a check list you will use as you proofread your rough draft.

Attach the check list as the final page of your paper as an indication that you have made sure those areas are checked and double checked.

Writing a College-Level Research Paper

Freshmen college students will be expected to up their games in the academic department.

In high school, students could make do with normal assignments and essays, but in college, students have to master the art of writing a comprehensive academic research paper.

A research paper must be professional and there is very little room for error.

When students start writing their first research papers, they should understand the following tips.

A research paper is very different from a regular essay:

An academic research paper is not a summary of information or a brief exposition on a topic. Instead, the paper addresses a pertinent academic issue which is investigated thoroughly either by conducting practical experiments or by doing investigative research.

Based on these, an original argument is developed using external sources and references. Significantly, a research paper looks into all possible branches of a particular issue and provides extensive knowledge about them.

The writer tries to become an expert on the subject within the time frame given for the research.

What is your argument?

What is the purpose of a research paper?

Quickly list three reasons.

To prove you can find answers to tough questions by searching the Internet, visiting the library, or asking others for information.

To prove you can locate relevant information, analyze your findings, and share your results.

To prove you can write a coherent message using the conventions of English grammar.

To show you can use other writers’ work without plagiarizing.

To show you can understand others’ opinions and come to your own conclusions.

To show you can make use of basic, formal formats of writing successfully.

Take a few minutes to think about each of the following careers.

How might each of these professionals use researching and research writing skills on the job?

Medical laboratory technician/nurse 

Small business owner/manager

Information technology professional 

Freelance magazine writer

Military personnel

Where do you begin after deciding on the specific focus on the topic?

Write a strong thesis statement

A thesis statement is the most important statement on which a professor or a student’s colleagues will focus.

Therefore, the objective is to impress them with brevity, precision and clarity.

Simply put, a thesis statement reflects the entire argument of the paper in a brief manner.

Remember, a thesis statement must communicate the student’s intent in writing the paper and be captured within an effective introduction.

Can you revise the thesis as you progress? Yes!

The Invisible Man, a 1932 painting by Salvador Dali, Invisible Man, a novel by Ralph Ellison published in 1952, and “The Invisible Man,” a 1988 song performed by Queen and written by Roger Taylor and Freddie Mercury explore the idea that an individual can exist but not have an identity that has substance.

Thesis template: ________ _______, a _______ painting by __________, __________ ________, a (novel/poem/play) by ________ ________ published in ________, and “______ ________ _____,” a ____ song performed by ______ and written by ________ ______ explore the idea that _________ ____________ ________ __________ _____ __________ _________.

The following is an example for “find a connection that links a piece of literature, a work of art, and a song.”

Start with a solid introduction

The introduction must invoked the curiosity of the reader. To meet these expectations, hit the nail on the head, be specific, and don’t linger on details too much.

Decide on a strategy to engage the reader! Provide a relevant context briefly before addressing the central issue with the thesis statement. Then, conclude the paragraph.

For example, a sentence like “Many songs address love in some way.” is a horrible way to start a paper.

A more effective statement: Contemporary research suggests people may act in uncharacteristic ways under the influence of a powerful mood-enhancer, romantic music playing in the background. John Paul Young contended "Love Is in the Air," in his 1977 disco song, and also argued “Love is in the air/In the whisper of the tree/Love is in the air/In the thunder of the sea.” He suggested that sometimes people cannot escape love even when they try. William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet…

Starting with a quote is just one intro strategy, but the writer must remember to explain the quote and make a connection to the thesis statement!(Lead/intro strategies: setting, character, action words, surprise,

question, quotation, dialogue, create suspense, onomatopoeia, humor, hint, invitation to the reader.)

Form the argument in the body paragraphs

The body of the paper is where the writer develops his argument, provide references, exhibits his research, and discusses the problem at the heart of the central issue. The examples should be relevant, and the research must be extensive.

Write detailed, succinct paragraphs beginning with a topic sentence: a sentence that states the argument that is developed through the course of the paragraph.

Each paragraph should follow the five-step method of introduce, clarify, elaborate, offer examples, and conclude.

Make sure that the paragraphs are arranged in a logical manner so that each one smoothly flows into the other.

Tie up all ideas in the conclusion

When the writer is handling several sub-topics (like literature, art, and music) at once, the discussion should be complex but will be segmented. The conclusion is the opportunity to tie all major points together.

The writer should restate the basic proposition in different or new language before he goes on to provide concrete conclusions. (The writer must answer the questions: What was the point of the research? What became apparent because of the research?)

The writer should never introduce a new topic in the conclusion. A new topic will reduce the potency and credibility of the paper’s argument.

Give credit where that is due!

Whenever the writer uses information from another author, researcher, or critic, credit must be provided with proper citations.

There are many different citation styles (MLA, APA, or Chicago) that include in-text citations, footnotes, and bibliographies. Check with the professor to see which citation style he or she prefers. The failure to cite sources properly could lead to charges of plagiarism.

Colleges don’t take plagiarism casually. Students could be expelled from school for committing plagiarism.

Citation styles can all be found pretty easily online and at the school’s library. At every step, the writer must be meticulous and refer to standard formats and structures.

Careful repeated editing must be done! Don’t hesitate to ask for help.

Exampleof parts a typicalcollegeresearchpaper: firstpage.

Body page:

Example of theartwork:caption explainsthe insert.

Bibliography:

The Research Paper using MLA format….

Why Use MLA Format?MLA allows readers to cross-reference cited sources easily if they are doing further research;

provides consistent format;

gives the writer credibility;

and can protect the writer from plagiarism.

Why use a consistent format?

Using a consistent format helps the reader understand the arguments and the sources they’re built on.

What should the format be?

Research papers are double-spaced throughout using size 12 font. The only exception would be a very long quotation (more than four lines.) The long quotation will be single spaced and indented five spaces.

Heading goes on the front page, left corner.

Pages are numbered in the upper right corner, using your last name and the page number. For example see above.

Jones 3

Research versus Plagiarism?

Again, proper citation of all sources in MLA style can help the writer avoid plagiarism, which is a academic serious offense.

Students explore research materials, take notes, and then write their ideas and conclusions from those notes.

Some types of plagiarism are more subtle and include any of the following:

failure to cite borrowed ideas;

failure to enclose borrowed language in quotation marks;

failure to completely put summaries and paraphrases into the writer’s own words.

Most students who plagiarize can simply be unaware of the proper way to document sources in academic writing…and haven’t taken the time to learn!

Every college instructor expects students to know how to produce a research paper.

Where Do I Find Answers about MLA Format?

* MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 5th ed.

* www.mla.org

* OWL website: owl.english.purdue.edu

Citing sources MLA style requires two* different actions:

*Parenthetical citations (within the paper)

Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263). …or…

Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).

*Works Cited/Bibliography page (at the end of the paper)

Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford UP, 1967.

When should the writer use parenthetical citations in the paper?

When quoting any words that are not the writer’s own. If a writer copies without properly used quotation marks, he has plagiarized!

Are there other reasons to use parenthetical citations?

* When summarizing facts and ideas from a source, a writer must cite the source.

Summarizing means to take ideas from a large passage of a source and condensing them while still using the source’s words.

* Cite the source when paraphrasing a source.Paraphrasing means to use the ideas from another

source but changing the phrasing or wording into the writer’s words.

Original Text (from James C. Stalker, “Official English or English Only”)

“ We cannot legislate the language of the home, the street, the bar, the club, unless we are willing to set up a cadre of language police who will ticket and arrest us if we speak something other than English” (Stalker 21).

Example of a paraphrase:

ParaphraseStalker points out that in a democracy like

the United States, laws against the use of a language are not feasible and trying to make police enforce such laws in homes and public places would not be possible (21).

Summaries are often less detailed than paraphrases.

In a summary, the writer provides the reader with the gist of the most important sources the writer has found in his own words.

Summaries give readers basic information and are always in the writer’s own words.

When a summary is included in the paper, introduce the ideas with the author’s name and/or the title of the work.

(According to Fred Smith in “The Last Day,”…)

Summary:

With each use of researched ideas, the writer must make connections, observations, and conclusions that explain what the source material means. This is the writer’s job in a research paper!

*Introduce the research information, quote the research with a parenthetical citation, and, then, explain the research!

DO NOT insert a quoted piece of research without an introduction/connection…and…a conclusion/explanation!

Use those three steps* every time!

Tricky areas of citation: Sometimes more information is necessary.

More than one author with the same last name: (W. Wordsworth 23) for first author…(D. Wordsworth 224) for the second…

More than one work by the same author:(Joyce, Portrait, 121) when using the first text…and (Joyce, Ulysses 556) …when using the next text.

Different volumes of a multivolume work (1: 336)

Citing indirect sources (Johnson qtd. in Boswell 2:450)

If you have any question about a citation, ask!

How to Enter Long Quotations:

David becomes identified and defined by James Steerforth, a young

man with whom David is acquainted from his days at Salem House. Before

meeting Steerforth, David accepts Steerforth’s name as an authoritative

power:There was an old door in this playground, on which the boys had acustom of carving their names. . . . In my dread of the end of thevacation and their coming back, I could not read a boy’s name,without inquiring in what tone and with what emphasis he would read,“Take care of him. He bites.” There was one boy—a certain J.Steerforth—who cut his name very deep and very often, who Iconceived, would read it in a rather strong voice, and afterwards pullmy hair. (Dickens 68)

For Steerforth, naming becomes an act of possession, as well as exploitation.

Steerforth names David for his fresh look and innocence, but also uses the name

Daisy to exploit David's romantic tendencies (Dyson 122).

Writer’s intro andclarification

quote(example)

connection orelaboration

conclusion

Note the 5-step paragraph construction!

The following signal phrases are good examples of ways the writer can introduce the findings of his research in his paper:

According to…

In the words of…

In a recent study by…

Current research proves that…

Powerful Words

…used effectively increase the substance and credibility of written work!

Avoid overusing the verb “said” in a research paper. Here is a list of strong, active verbs that writers can use in their signal phrases.

Someone…

acknowledges, adds, admits, or agrees

argues, asserts, claims, or comments

confirms, believes, declares, or implies

insists, notes, observes, or points out,

reports, states, theorizes, or writes

Editing the research paper:

Go back to the computer after several readings and make corrections on the screen.

Use spell check!

Print out a clean copy.

Ask a friend, parent, or tutor, to be a second and third set of eyes.

This is not cheating; this action is common sense.

Even great writers get help and, in fact, have professional editors!

Editing your paper:

Read the paper backwards, sentence by sentence.

Sounds crazy?

The strategy works.

Out of context, sentences with problems stand out in ways they don’t when the writer reading along for meaning.

The writer will more often than not read what he thought he composed…not what is on the page!

Writing (even a research paper) is a craft.

Mastering the craft requires practice and hard work.

Most of the mistakes that students make are made out of carelessness.

Once the mistake is pointed out, they know how to fix the problem and why sentence or word use is wrong.

Those students who take the time are able to produce polished final drafts that reflect intelligence, thoughtfulness, care, and hard work, qualities professors and future employers value.

Bibliography Benton, Thomas Hart. Departure of the Joads. 1939. Egg tempera and oil painting. Ralph Foster

Museum, Point Lookout, Missouri. Dali, Salvador. The Invisible Man. 1929. Oil on canvas. Museo Nacional Reina Sofía, Madrid,

Spain. Ellison, Ralph. Invisible Man. New York, NY: Random House, 1952.  Howe, Julia Ward. "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." The Atlantic Monthly February 1862: 9.52

(1862): 10. Web. 24 Feb. 2015. Queen. "The Invisible Man." The Miracle. Songwriter: Roger Taylor. New York, NY: Parlophone,

1989. Springsteen, Bruce. "The Ghost of Tom Joad." The Ghost of Tom Joad. Songwriter: Bruce

Springsteen. New York, NY: Columbia, 1995. Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York, NY: The Viking Press, 1939.

Example of a bibliography: note the alphabetized listing!

Note that any second line is indented!

MLA no longer requires the use of URLs in MLA citations.

For instructors or editors who still wish to require the use of URLs, MLA suggests that the URL appear in angle brackets after the date of access. Break URLs only after slashes.

Example with required URL:Aristotle. Poetics. Trans. S. H. Butcher. The Internet Classics Archive. Web

Atomic and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 13 Sept. 2007. Web. 4 Nov. 2008. ‹http://classics.mit.edu/›.

--------Examples without URLs:"How to Make Vegetarian Chili." eHow. Demand Media, n.d. Web. 24 Feb.

2009.

“Matthew 28 NIV.” The Holy Bible: New International Version, 1984. Bible Study Tools, 2014. Web. 24 Feb. 2015.

Example of a research process: Typed in “the invisible man” in Google

 http://www.3d-dali.com/Tour/invisible.htm The Invisible Man ● El hombre invisibleSalvador Dalí, 1929 - Oil on canvas, 140 x 180 cm. Museo Nacional Reina Sofía, Madrid. ● The Invisible Man. Salvador Dalí, 1929. It was the first painting in which Dalí used double images. In this case a new image is formed from other objects, like was done by Milan painter Giuseppe Arcimboldo (1527-1593). Dalí however, also uses shades to form the image. The generation of multiple images will be one of the characteristics of his critical-paranoiac method.

 “The Invisible Man.” 3D-Dal. N.p., 2000 - 2012. Web. 23 Feb.

2015.

Web address

text

Bib. entry

http://onesurrealistaday.com/post/339991138/sunday-dali-the-invisible-man-1929-this-was Sunday Dalí: The Invisible Man, 1929. This was the first painting in which Dalí began to use the double images that were to flood his work over the next decade, during his “paranoia-critical” period. The double images used here are not as successful as the later painting, Swans Reflecting Elephants (1937). The viewer is aware of the illusions that Dalí is creating before they are aware of what the overall form is meant to be. The yellow clouds become the man’s hair; his face and upper torso are formed by ruined architecture that is scattered in the landscape and a waterfall creates the vague outline of his legs. As with almost all Dalí’s work in 1929, this painting deals with his fear of sex. The recurring image of the “jug woman” appears on the left of the picture. To the right of her is an object with a womb shape, part of which delineates the right arm of the man. The dark shape outlining the fingers and legs of the man suggests the female form. Beneath the man a wild beast is prowling - another of Dalí’s recurring sexual symbols. (via dali-gallery.com) January 17, 2010 "Sunday Dalí: The Invisible Man, 1929." One Surrealist a Day. Timothy Rosenberg, 2010. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

Web address

text

Bib. entry

http://www.tufts.edu/programs/mma/fah188/levine/Biography/BiographyLife.html The Enigma of Desire: My Mother, My Mother, My Mother. 1929. Salvador Dali.Invisible Man. 1929-1933. Salvador Dali. Salvador Dali was not the first one to bear his name. Before he was born his parents had had another son, one they named Salvador Dali. After the first son’s untimely death and the famous artist’s birth, Dali’s parents decided to give him the same name as the child they had lost. This decision affected him deeply throughout his childhood, a childhood filled with his frequent contemplations of death. His relationship with his mother was a large part of many of his works. From his childhood and through the rest of his life, Dali struggled with his issues with his mother. As he depicted in many of his works, the painter explored the idea that a mother's relationship with her son is a predatory one. In particular, the painting “The Enigma of My Desire, My Mother” is a good example of his relationship with his mother. In this painting, the main object seems to be a woman, with a distorted, ugly head atop a massive body. Her body seems able to devour, especially in the gaping womb area. The figure behind her in the distance seems trapped by her in the vast desert. The images that Dali chose to use in his paintings reflected his own conscious fears and desires. His paintings were often focused on physical manifestations of the subconscious dream world, taking a lot of his ideas from the written works of Sigmund Freud. As a result, his paintings often depicted his aforementioned feelings about the role mothers play and also many of the connected insecurities that a grown man possesses. In the painting "Invisible Man" The central focus is an object strongly resembling ovaries in place of where the large man's body would be. The man in the background, however, is partially transparent, fading into the background of the scene. He is overpowered by the ovaries, and they keep him from being the in the foreground of the painting. This invisible man mirrors Dali's insecurities about being repressed by his mother and her womanliness.

“Being Salvador Dali: Biography, Life and his Art.” Tufts University, n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

http://www.presidiacreative.com/salvador-dali-paintings/ Home / Celebrity / The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali Paintings

The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali PaintingsBy The AdminOctober 24, 2013No CommentsBorn on May 11, 1904, in Figueras, Spain, Salvador Dali was one of the famous and controversial painters. He studied art in Madrid and Barcelona, and adapted a number of artistic styles. He had an unusual technicality in his painting style which made him famous among art lovers. He went to Paris in 1926 and met Picasso and Miro. This was the most significant time of his life which brought a great maturity in his painting style. Salvador Dali Paintings are based on various themes, and famous for using very common things.  He was famous surrealist painter who used various different themes for his paintings. From 1929 to 1937, Dali produced many surrealist paintings and he became the world’s best-known surrealist artist. His style of painting matured rapidly with most of his paintings based on the themes of subconscious mind. His paintings depicted the dream world using common things like clocks etc. painted in a deformed manner. He portrayed these objects with background scenes of his homeland and in very miserable and realistic fashion. His 1931 painting The Persistence of Memory is a fine example of his surrealist art. However, Dali got highly influenced with painter Raphael and changed his surrealist style and adopted other art forms like cubism.  From 1940 to 1955 he lived in the United States of America. He spent much of his time designing theatre sets, jewelry, interiors of fashionable shops. From 1950 to 1970, Dali painted many paintings with various religious themes. However, still some of his work was greatly based on themes from his old memories of childhood and from his wife Gala. He died on January 23, 1989, in Figueras, Spain. Geopoliticus Child Watching the Birth of the New Man:This painting was painted by Dali in 1943. The painting depicts a large egg-shaped globe of the world and a man coming out of the globe or hatching out of it. The man is coming out of the United States of America. The painting depicts England in the grasp of the new man and a blood crack in the globe. In front you can see an adult and a child watching the birth of the new man. The adult can be seen pointing out the birth of the new man to the child. The child on the other hand looks afraid as he can be seen grabbing the knees of the adult. The painting was a clear depiction of America emerging as a super-power with a firm grasp on England. The Invisible Man:The Invisible Man was painted by Salvador Dali in 1929. In this painting Dali used double images for the first time. However, you can also see shades to form the image in the painting. In the painting, you can see the use of various actual objects that form a man. At the bottom of the painting you can see something coming out of man’s feet. This depicts evil coming out of the man as you can see people on the right crying as if they are crying for his pain and wishing for his cure. A closer look on the painting will tell you that the objects forming the man are actually crossing over the man without noticing him as if he is not there. "The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali Paintings." Presidia Creative. N.p., 23 Oct. 2013. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

http://www.rochester.edu/in_visible_culture/Issue_14/pine/index.html“Breaking Dalinian Bread: On Consuming the Anthropomorphic, Performative, Ferocious, and Eucharistic Loaves of Salvador DalíJulia Pine” University of Rochester Invisible Culture, An Electronic Journal for Visible Culture Issue no.14: Aesthetes and Eaters - Food and the Arts"Pine | Breaking Dalinian Bread." Invisible Culture, An Electronic Journal for Visible Culture Issue no.14: Aesthetes and Eaters - Food and the Arts. University of Rochester, 2010. Web. 23 Feb. 2015. What man cannot do, bread can. —Salvador Dalí, The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí, 1942“Bread,” wrote Salvador Dalí in 1945, “has always been one of the oldest fetishistic and obsessive subjects in my work, the one to which I have remained the most faithful.”[2] Despite having been largely overlooked in Dalí’s work, bread—like the crutch, the lobster, and the detumescent clock—does in fact appear with remarkable frequency throughout the artist’s oeuvre.[3] This essayconsiders the presence and significance of bread in Dalí’s visual and literary production from the 1920s to the 1970s by reviewing his many bread-related writings and works of art; it also assesses the artist’s attempts to establish the image of bread as a personal device or “trademark” in terms of what media history scholar Paul Rutherford calls “the Dalí brand.”[4] Dalí’s famous persona as artistic showman, exemplified by his mountebank’s moustache, was in large part established through the use of various images that were intended, like contemporary product branding, to reinforce his public profile and establish his cultural relevance. Bread, the object to which Dalí “remained most faithful” throughout his career, was a remarkably plastic one, rife with resonance and symbolic agency, and thus ideal for addressing and contextualizing concerns and preoccupations germane to his art practice. The present study considers how Dalí remained faithful to the idea of bread, while deftly molding its significance to the conceptual and visual requirements of what are considered here to be the five distinct stages of his career. These include his pre-Surrealist experimental period, his tenure as a Surrealist in the late 1920s and ’30s, his “classic” post-Surrealist period of the 1940s, his religiosity-based “Nuclear Mysticism” of the mid-century, and his embrace of Pop Art and other contemporary movements and styles in the last active decades of his career….. ….The fifth and final painted work of what might be termed Dalí’s Surrealist “year of the bread” is entitled The Invisible Man. This canvas shifts its focus from the sexual symbolism, colored by the contemporary interest in the writings of Freud, to that of science fiction, and is decidedly narrative in intent (Figure 6). Indeed, in keeping with his embrace of popular culture, the artist makes reference in the title of the work to H.G. Wells’s famous and extremely popular science fiction novella of 1897, which would be made into a Universal Pictures film starring William Harrigan the following year. Here, three loaves of bread are the main subjects of the painting, which finds its setting in a close room with a tiny window. Once again, Dalí employs dramatic lighting, dominated by warm hues in a penumbral palette that emphasizes the theatrical nature of the event. The first loaf is a sliced baguette sitting on a table; the second, a breadstick balanced on the back of a chair, while a third, upright loaf sits in the chair itself, which reveals the imprint of a human body. Regarding the latter, the artist may well have been inspired by Wells’s assertion that when the invisible protagonist of his book ate, his food could be viewed through his stomach, and would remain so until it was digested. [22] This gesture unambiguously transforms the bread into a signifier for an invisible sitter, and foregrounds, in a startlingly metalinguistic way, the very function of metaphor itself, where the presence of one thing indexes the existence of another. That this aspect of Wells’s work, in which food can be viewed through the imperceptible man’s body, would appeal to Dalí is clear, as it resonated with his own “epiphany” about the marvellous nature of bread: that “it could stand up without having to be eaten!” In this case, however, bread could stand up only after it had been eaten.

http://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/03/arts/art-review-get-surreal-repackaging-dali-for-a-new-generation.html ART REVIEW; Get Surreal: Repackaging Dali for a New Generation By GRACE GLUECKPublished: March 3, 2000 Glueck, Grace. "Get Surreal: Repackaging Dali for a New Generation." The New York Times. The New York Times, 02 Mar. 2000. Web. 23 Feb. 2015. HARTFORD— One known as the clown prince of Surrealism, Salvador Dali (1905-1989) saw his muse as ''Paranoia,'' and he painted her in 1935-36, a kitschy bust with a bosom deep in Hollywood decolletage. Her fugitive face is composed of a Leonardo-esque battle scene, with eyes formed by the rumps of warriors' horses and the nose and mouth a twisted figure. The setting is pure de Chirico (an artist from whom Dali freely appropriated), a stagy floor of boards reaching back in long perspective to the rocky seascape of Cadaques, Dali's home in northern Spain. ''Paranoia'' is among some 60 Dali visions on view in ''Salvador Dali's Optical Illusions'' at the Wadsworth Atheneum here. The show is said to be the first Dali retrospective in this country in nearly 60 years and the first devoted to his preoccupation with optics and visual perception. But Dali goes way back with the Wadsworth; in 1932, under its innovative director, Chick Austin, it was the first museum in the world to purchase one of Dali's paintings. This show, a clever repackaging of his work for a new generation, was organized by the Wadsworth with an outside curator, Dawn Ades, a Dali scholar who is professor of art history and theory at the University of Essex in England. It has been attracting large crowds, the biggest since the museum's exhibition of Robert Mapplethorpe's homoerotic photographs in 1989. Viewers seem intrigued by the images -- some haunting, some downright silly -- and the optical challenges in the paintings, which were dismissed as ''crossword puzzles'' by the Surrealist theorist Andre Breton when Dali fell out of favor with the movement… An earlier work, ''The Invisible Man'' (1929-32), contains the first of the paranoiac double images, a gigantic seated hominid constructed from landscape elements. His hair is a flow of golden clouds, his head a pile of ruins; his hands and legs are formed by the negative shapes around an Art Nouveau fountain that is closest to the viewer. Other Dali-esque elements in the painting include a woman's head that is also a jug, a gruesome ''family'' group and two sexy women standing on the ledge of a classical building. They represent Gala, Dali's adored, omnipresent wife and astute business manager….

Bibliography

“Being Salvador Dali: Biography, Life and his Art.” Tufts University. Peter Levine. n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

Dali, Salvador. The Invisible Man. 1929. Oil on canvas. Museo Nacional Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain.*

Glueck, Grace. "Get Surreal: Repackaging Dali for a New Generation." The New York Times, 02 Mar. 2000. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

Pine, Julia. “Breaking Dalinian Bread." Invisible Culture, An Electronic Journal for Visible Culture Issue no.14: Aesthetes and Eaters - Food and the Arts. University of Rochester, 2010. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

"Sunday Dalí: The Invisible Man, 1929." One Surrealist a Day. Timothy Rosenberg, 2010. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

“The Invisible Man.” 3D-Dali. N.p., 2000 - 2012. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

"The Surreal and Superb Salvador Dali Paintings." Presidia Creative. N.p., 23 Oct. 2013. Web. 23 Feb. 2015.

The previous research resulted in the following bibliography for Dali’s painting:

In the early 1930’s, Salvador Dali became “the world’s best-known surrealist artist,” according to Presidia Creative. Born in Spain in 1904, he went to Paris in 1926 and became a contemporary of Picasso and Miro. His images delighted people with their strange technical creativeness that intertwined sexuality in such a disjointed way that viewers had to study his work in order to come to grips his message and perspective on the world. Peter Levine contended in a biography offered on the Tufts University website page, “Being Salvador Dali: Biography, Life and his Art,” that he was not the first child in his family “to bear his name. Before he was born, his parents had had another son, one they named Salvador Dali. After the first son’s untimely death and the famous artist’s birth, Dali’s parents decided to give him the same name as the child they had lost.” As Dali matured, he began to explore his self-image and produced The Invisible Man in 1929, which “was the first painting in which Dalí used double images”(3D-Dali). Dali’s insecure self-identity, produced in part by his relationship with his dominant mother (Levine), inspired him to capture himself as an invisible man who could not see the essence of himself. Although Dali made “reference in the title of the work to H.G. Wells’s famous and extremely popular science fiction novella of 1897 (Pine), his self exploration and his search for his own essence as a man were the dominant driving forces behind the painting.

Ironically, paint becomes an important motif in Ralph Ellison’s novel, Invisible Man. A slogan of the company for whom the central character works, Liberty Paints, is, “If It’s Optic White, It’s the Right White.” When the narrator arrives at the Liberty Paints plant, a huge electric sign reads “KEEP AMERICA PURE WITH LIBERTY PAINTS.” Both the slogan and the sign hammer home the idea that if an individual is not white, he is invisible. This nameless black narrator brings to mind an old Southern saying: “If you’re white, you’re right.”

(250 words)

From that research, the following paragraph on Dali’s painting could be offered:

The Invisible Man, a 1932 painting by Salvador Dali, Invisible Man, a novel by Ralph Ellison published in 1952, and “The Invisible Man,” a 1988 song performed by Queen and written by Roger Taylor and Freddie Mercury explore the idea that an individual can exist but not have an identity that has substance.

What were your notes?

What five (5) ideas were important in producing your college level research paper?.

1. 2.3.45.

Spell Check?

Conclusion restates but does not repeat?

Each bibliographic entry is accurate?

5-step paragraphs?

Use of all research: intro/quote with a parenthetical citation/connection?

Example of solving a “finding the art” problem…

Typed in Google: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde inspired painting

See the first entry:

http://www.crisismagazine.com/2013/the-strange-case-of-dr-jekyll-and-mr-hyde-by-robert-louis-stevenson JANUARY 10, 2013“The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson”Sean Fitzpatrick

Editor’s note: The illustration above of Dr. Jekyll was painted by Howard Pyle for Charles Scribner’s and Sons and first published in 1895.

The arrival of a New Year invites reflection on a particular horror of human existence. A horror that was well exemplified by the ancient Romans who gave the passage into a new year to Janus, the god of gateways, who bore two faces—one facing forwards and the other backwards; looking both to the future and to the past. This god, this monster, does not remind us that two men can be one man. He reminds us of something more terrible still: that one man can be two men.

Truly, what man is not?At this time of Resolution, it is customary to reflect on who we have

been and who we will be. What are our sins? What our strengths? Which will hold sway over the other? Which man will we choose to be?

Whose story better portrays this universal struggle than Dr. Henry Jekyll’s?

Few, that are as thrilling.In 1885 Robert Louis Stevenson had a nightmare. When he awoke, he

sat down at his desk and three days later he had The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Mrs. Stevenson, however, did not care for the story and objected to it. Mr. Stevenson, in a feverish rage, cast the manuscript into fire where it was consumed. Shortly afterwards, a calmer Mr. Stevenson repented his decision, sat down again, and three days later, the strange case returned—dedicated to his cousin, rather than to his wife. Fitzpatrick, Sean. "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson." Crisis Magazine. N.p., 09 Jan. 2013. Web. 24 Feb. 2015.

 http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Dr-Jekyll-And-Mr-Hyde-1920-Directed-by-John-S-Robertson-Posters_i9732561_.htm?AID=96280778&ProductTarget=105221343927

Captioned: Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde, 1920, Directed by John S. Robertson (copy and paste…and go to….)

…which led to….

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Jekyll_and_Mr._Hyde_(1920_film)

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a 1920 horror silent film, produced by Famous Players-Lasky and released through Paramount/Artcraft. The film is based upon Robert Louis Stevenson's novella The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and starring actor John Barrymore.

The film was directed by John S. Robertson and co-starred Nita Naldi. The scenario was by Clara Beranger and the film is now in the public domain.

This story of split personality has Dr. Jekyll a kind and charitable man who believes that everyone has two sides, one good and one evil. Using a potion, his personalities are split, creating havoc.

the following was seen in “Images”

…which revealed a second movie poster

Going back to Google…

https://www.mycomicshop.com/search?TID=395041 Classics Illustrated 013 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1943) Classic Comics

Russian-born publisher Albert Lewis Kanter (1897–1973) created Classic Comics for Elliot Publishing Company in 1941 with its debut issues being The Three Musketeers, followed by Ivanhoe and The Count of Monte Cristo. In addition to the literary adaptations, books featured author profiles, educational fillers, and an ad for the coming title. In later editions, a catalog of titles and a subscription order form appeared on back covers. Recognizing the appeal of early comic books, Albert Lewis Kanter [1] believed he could use the new medium to introduce young and reluctant readers to "great literature".

The first five titles were published irregularly under the banner "Classic Comics Presents" while issues six and seven were published under the banner "Classic Comics Library" with a ten-cent cover price. Arabian Nights (issue 8), illustrated by Lillian Chestney, is the first issue to use the "Classics Comics" banner.

With the fourth issue, The Last of the Mohicans, in 1942, Kanter moved the operation to different offices and the corporate identity was changed to the Gilberton Company, Inc.. Reprints of previous titles began in 1943. Wartime paper shortages forced Kanter to reduce the 64-page format to 56 pages.

Classic Comics is marked by varying quality in art and is celebrated today for its often garish but highly collectible line-drawn covers. Artists include Lillian Chestney (Arabian Nights, issue 8, and Gulliver's Travels, issue 16), Webb and Brewster (Frankenstein, issue 26), Matt Baker (Lorna Doone, issue 32), and Henry Carl Kiefer (second cover for The Prince and the Pauper, issue 29, cover for The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, issue 33, and the first Classics Illustrated issue The Last Days of Pompeii, issue 35). Oliver Twist (issue 23) was the first title produced by the Eisner & Iger shop.Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (issue 13) and Uncle Tom's Cabin (issue 15) were both cited in Dr. Fredric Wertham's infamous 1954 condemnation of comic books Seduction of the Innocent.

Back to Google and clicking on a comic book image led to….

…seeing this line led to….

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seduction_of_the_Innocent Seduction of the Innocent is a book by German-American psychiatrist Fredric Wertham, published in 1954, that warned that comic books were a negative form of popular literature and a serious cause of juvenile delinquency. The book was taken seriously at the time, and was a minor bestseller that created alarm in parents and galvanized them to campaign for censorship. At the same time, a U.S. Congressional inquiry was launched into the comic book industry. Subsequent to the publication of Seduction of the Innocent, the Comics Code Authority was voluntarily established by publishers to self-censor their titles.http://www.seductionoftheinnocent.org/

A site dedicated to the comic book censorship crusade of the 1940's and 1950's, Seduction of the Innocent , and the works of Dr. Fredric Wertham.

Seduction of the Innocent is a book written by psychiatrist Dr. Fredric Wertham about the harmful effects of comic books. Published in 1954 and reprinted numerous times since, the book represents the culmination of years of reasearch into juvenile delinquency. SOTI, as it is known in Dr. Wertham's private files and also among comic book collectors, laid the blame for delinquency largely upon comic books. Dr. Wertham's work helped spark a United States Senate investigation and the formation of the Comics Code Authority. SOTI and other anti-comics efforts led to organized comic book burnings and nearly killed the entire United States comic book industry in the mid-1950's.

You'll find a handy timeline of significant events in the anti-comics crusade here.

Help us find the LOST SOTI books!Hundreds of comics were referenced by Dr. Fredric Wertham in

Seduction of the Innocent, the classic 1954 anti-comics diatribe. However, fewer than 150 of those books have been identified by the collecting community. A major goal of this site has been to identify all of the source material used by Dr. Wertham in writing Seduction of the Innocent. Can you help identify the LOST SOTI books?Classic Comics Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde is discussed in text on page 143. “A fourteen-year-old boy in the eighth year at school, with a second-grade reading level, says that he has read the "classics" version of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: ‘It is called The Mad Doctor. He makes medicine. He drinks it and turns into a beast. He kills a little girl. The cops chase him. Then he changes into a man. He comes to a famous home and falls in love with a girl. He keeps changing. Finally he gets shot. While dying he changes back to a human being. I like when he comes to the little girl and hits her with a cane.’"

…which leads to…

Example of solving a “not connecting the literature, art, and song” problem…

Typed in Google: "The Ballad of Mona Lisa” by Panic! at the Disco

Problem: starting with the song for this research paper makes linking literature and a painting difficult!

Question: What is your thesis statement? Answer: Not sure or vague statement offered not connected to the painting. Questions: Why the Mona Lisa? What about the Mona Lisa would generate an effective thesis statement? Answer: Not sure…Response: Start with some basic background research on the painting.

Mona Lisa Painting by Leonardo da VinciEncyclopedia Britannica 4 Last Updated 12-2-2014

Alternate title: “La Gioconda”

Mona Lisa, oil painting on a poplar wood panel by the Italian painter, draftsman, sculptor, architect, and engineer Leonardo da Vinci, probably the world’s most-famous painting. It was painted sometime between 1503 and 1506, when Leonardo was living in Florence, and it now hangs in the Louvre, in Paris, where it remains an object of pilgrimage in the 21st century. The poplar panel shows evidence of warping and was stabilized in 1951 with the addition of an oak frame and in 1970 with four vertical braces. Dovetails also were added, to prevent the widening of a small crack visible near the centre of the upper edge of the painting. The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.

The Mona Lisa and its influenceThese signs of aging distract little from the painting’s effect. In its exquisite

synthesis of sitter and landscape, the Mona Lisa set the standard for all future portraits. The painting presents a woman in half-body portrait, which has as a backdrop a distant landscape. Yet this simple description of a seemingly standard composition gives little sense of Leonardo’s achievement. The sensuous curves of the sitter’s hair and clothing, created through sfumato (use of fine shading), are echoed in the shapes of the valleys and rivers behind her. The sense of overall harmony achieved in the painting—especially apparent in the sitter’s faint smile—reflects Leonardo’s idea of the cosmic link connecting humanity and nature, making this painting an enduring record of Leonardo’s vision.

Mona Lisa Painting by Leonardo da VinciEncyclopedia Britannica 4 Last Updated 12-2-2014

Mona Lisa off the wallReferences in the visual arts have been complemented by musical examinations. La Giaconda’s

personality and quirks were examined in a 1915 opera by Max von Schillings. Leonardo’s portrait is also the inspiration for the classic song “Mona Lisa” by American lyricist Ray Evans and songwriter Jay Harold Livingston, famously recorded in 1950 by the jazz pianist and vocalist Nat King Cole and later by his daughter Natalie, as well as many other: Mona Lisa, Mona Lisa Men have named you You’re so like the lady with the mystic smile Is it only ’cause you’re lonely They have blamed you For that Mona Lisa strangeness in your smile  Do you smile to tempt a lover, Mona Lisa Or is this your way to hide a broken heart Many dreams have been brought to your doorstep They just lie there, and they die there Are you warm, are you real, Mona Lisa Or just a cold and lonely, lovely work of art

There have been films, notably Mona Lisa (1986), and several novels, including William Gibson’s cyberpunk Mona Lisa Overdrive (1988) and Canadian novelist Rachel Wyatt’s Mona Lisa Smiled a Little (1999), linked to the painting. The Argentine writer Martín Caparrós’s novel Valfierno (2004) brings to life the man who masterminded the 1911 theft of the Mona Lisa from the Louvre.

Both fine art and kitsch continue to refer to Leonardo’s portrait. Bath towels, tapestries, umbrellas, and many other household items bear her image, and that image is reproduced using everything from train tickets to rice plants. Five centuries after its creation, the Mona Lisa remains a touchstone for people around the world.

Rough draft of thesis:The Great Gatsby is a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. After the

publication of the book it had inspired the making of movies and had taken a big step in fashion, the trend F. Scott Fitzgerald was a major role in many pieces of art and music. Along with the infuses of the book the song, “Lets misbehave”, by Cole Porter was inspired and the masterpiece called, “watching” by, Clara Johnson's, is of the eyes of “all knowing, watching, judging eyes or Dr. T.J Eckleberg.” Which had a big part of the book.-----------------------Revised draft:

The Great Gatsby, a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald, inspired movies and fashion trends. The book also inspired the song, “Let's Misbehave,” by Cole Porter and the masterpiece, Watching by Clara Johnson. In each work, the eyes of Dr. T. J. Eckleberg are all knowing, watching, and judging and suggest that a higher power is judging the morality of the society Fitzgerald creates.

Problem: …not sure that "the eyes" are actually linked in all three. May need a different thematic statement to link them. Not familiar with the painting…may not have enough information…do the lines in the song speak to the Dr.'s eyes??? Further research revealed that the song,” Under The Watchful Eyes Of. Dr. T.J. Eckleburg” by Sullivan might be a better fit…a painting by another artist might give more depth to the discussion…

Do not get trapped by your first ideas…explore!

Question (received via email 2/26/15): Do we need to include the citations inside of the essay as well as the bibliography citing?

Answer: Every time you use research in the paper you should use parenthetical citations, regardless of whether you are using a direct quote, paraphrasing, or summarizing. See examples.

Original Text (from James C. Stalker, “Official English or English Only”):

“ We cannot legislate the language of the home, the street, the bar, the club, unless we are willing to set up a cadre of language police who will ticket and arrest us if we speak something other than English” (Stalker 21).

Paraphrase:Stalker points out that in a democracy like the United States,

laws against the use of a language are not feasible and trying to make police enforce such laws in homes and public places would not be possible (21).

Summary:James Stalker, in his article “Official English or English Only,”

argues that modern society cannot force people in America to speak English, but he contends that requiring citizens be literate in English is desirable (Stalker 21) .”

Yes, good research takes work, effort, and energy!

Final Reaction to completing senior research paper:

Questions?