INHERITING INHERITING A CITY:A CITY:

WHAT TO KEEP?WHAT TO KEEP?WHAT TO CHANGE?WHAT TO CHANGE?

What is a heritage city?What is a heritage city?

What is heritage:What is heritage: The term heritage refers to the property left to The term heritage refers to the property left to

people by their family (For ex: furniture, a house, people by their family (For ex: furniture, a house, toys etc.).toys etc.).

City Heritage: City Heritage: As you already know, a city’s heritage may As you already know, a city’s heritage may

include buildings, parks, landscapes, or include buildings, parks, landscapes, or archaeological remains.archaeological remains.

Heritage…Heritage… Heritage may include an object, a building or a Heritage may include an object, a building or a

landscape.landscape. Its existence is proof/evidence of a past time Its existence is proof/evidence of a past time

period (era). period (era). We feel it is important to preserve We feel it is important to preserve (Can not tear (Can not tear

it down). it down).

A Heritage City:A Heritage City: Historic properties and places have Historic properties and places have

heritage value.heritage value. Traditions, like Saint Patrick’s Day, have Traditions, like Saint Patrick’s Day, have

heritage value as well.heritage value as well.

The 5 criteria used by The 5 criteria used by UNESCO to determine UNESCO to determine

heritage sites:heritage sites:1.1. Does the property in question represent the community in an Does the property in question represent the community in an

important way?important way?

(Churches in Montreal represent us in an important way because (Churches in Montreal represent us in an important way because the Catholic Church was really powerful in Montreal until in the the Catholic Church was really powerful in Montreal until in the 1960’s)1960’s)

2.2. Does the site in question represent an important period in our Does the site in question represent an important period in our history?history?

EXPO 67 (hosted on Ste-Helene Island /Jean Drapeau Park) is an EXPO 67 (hosted on Ste-Helene Island /Jean Drapeau Park) is an example of an important site that hosted the 1967 world example of an important site that hosted the 1967 world exposition)exposition)

3. Does the property contain unique, priceless and 3. Does the property contain unique, priceless and breathtaking masterpieces and structures? breathtaking masterpieces and structures?

Venice is a perfect example of a city that is unique Venice is a perfect example of a city that is unique because of its canals.because of its canals.

It also contains priceless artworks & buildings.It also contains priceless artworks & buildings.

4. Is structures architecture used in other countries4. Is structures architecture used in other countries

Ernest Cormier Building:Ernest Cormier Building: Quebec Court of Appeal is located on rue Notre-Dame across Quebec Court of Appeal is located on rue Notre-Dame across

the street from the Old Courthouse and the Montreal City Hall. the street from the Old Courthouse and the Montreal City Hall. The building was built 1922-1926, Ernest Cormier was principle The building was built 1922-1926, Ernest Cormier was principle architect.architect.

5. Does the building have architectural 5. Does the building have architectural characteristics that can be identified to a characteristics that can be identified to a cultural group? cultural group?

First Nations buildings have tee-pee shaped First Nations buildings have tee-pee shaped roofs.roofs.

CategorieCategoriessHeritage properties belong to one of the following Heritage properties belong to one of the following

categories:categories:1. A historic site (i.e. The Citadel in Quebec city) 1. A historic site (i.e. The Citadel in Quebec city)

2. A natural site (i.e. Banff National Park)2. A natural site (i.e. Banff National Park)

3. An urban landscape (Old Port in Montreal)3. An urban landscape (Old Port in Montreal)

4. A monument4. A monument

5. A group of buildings5. A group of buildings

AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL:AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL:UNESCO World HeritageUNESCO World Heritage UNESCO is a United Nations agency.UNESCO is a United Nations agency. This United Nations agency has created a world This United Nations agency has created a world

heritage list.heritage list. A world heritage list contains all the valuable A world heritage list contains all the valuable

properties from around the world.properties from around the world.

AT THE PROVINCIAL LEVEL:AT THE PROVINCIAL LEVEL: The Quebec Government The Quebec Government has passed laws that has passed laws that

protectprotect historical buildings and sites throughout the historical buildings and sites throughout the province of Quebec.province of Quebec.

Heritage lawsHeritage laws The Quebec Ministry of Culture consults The Quebec Ministry of Culture consults TheThe Commission Commission

des Biens Culturel (CBCQ)des Biens Culturel (CBCQ) before passing any heritage before passing any heritage laws.laws.

What is a ministry?What is a ministry? A ministry is an organisation responsible for a department of A ministry is an organisation responsible for a department of

government (Education, health, forestry, culture and language etc.). government (Education, health, forestry, culture and language etc.). It has responsibility for one or more departments, agencies, It has responsibility for one or more departments, agencies, commissions etc. in an elected government.commissions etc. in an elected government.

Commission des Biens Culturels (C.B.C.Q.) Commission des Biens Culturels (C.B.C.Q.)

What is a commission?What is a commission? It’s a It’s a special assignmentspecial assignment that is given to a group of people. that is given to a group of people.

Rapport annuel de gestion 2008-2009Une publication

de la Commission des biens culturels du Québec

Direction de la publication : Mario Dufour, président

The C.B.C.Q’s job:The C.B.C.Q’s job: It provides a list of protected historical It provides a list of protected historical

sites in Quebec.sites in Quebec.

It protects Quebec’s heritage sites.It protects Quebec’s heritage sites.

It educates Quebecers on the It educates Quebecers on the importance of protecting heritage sites.importance of protecting heritage sites.

What does HERITAGE What does HERITAGE include?include?

1.1. Historic monumentsHistoric monuments

2.2. Residential (City of Westmount is historical)Residential (City of Westmount is historical)

3.3. Industrial (POM Bakery on Viau)Industrial (POM Bakery on Viau)

4.4. Religious (Saint Joseph’s Oratory)Religious (Saint Joseph’s Oratory)

5.5. Military architecture (The Black Watch Base in Military architecture (The Black Watch Base in Montreal)Montreal)

6.6. Bridges ( Pont Champlain Bridge)Bridges ( Pont Champlain Bridge)

7.7. Dams (Barrage Rivière des Prairies)Dams (Barrage Rivière des Prairies)

8.8. Landscapes (Cities, villages and natural)Landscapes (Cities, villages and natural)

9.9. Natural sites (Mount Royal)Natural sites (Mount Royal)

The history of Heritage The history of Heritage ProtectionProtection

Major changes in the 20 century (1950s), Major changes in the 20 century (1950s), have caused many people to become have caused many people to become concerned with preserving our heritage.concerned with preserving our heritage.

What are the three (3) major changes?What are the three (3) major changes?

1.1. WW1 (1914-1918) and WW2 (1939-1945) WW1 (1914-1918) and WW2 (1939-1945) led to mass destruction in European cities. led to mass destruction in European cities.

Whatever had not been destroyed became Whatever had not been destroyed became valuable and was preserved. valuable and was preserved.

2. Rapid Economic growth in the 1950s and 1960s led 2. Rapid Economic growth in the 1950s and 1960s led to the construction of high-rises, skyscrapers, to the construction of high-rises, skyscrapers, buildings, shopping malls etc.buildings, shopping malls etc.

As a consequence, old neighborhoods had to be As a consequence, old neighborhoods had to be demolished so that the above could be built.demolished so that the above could be built.

3. Mass tourism:3. Mass tourism: Hotels, roads, airports and other facilities had to be Hotels, roads, airports and other facilities had to be

built to accommodate so many tourists visiting these built to accommodate so many tourists visiting these historical cities.historical cities.

As a consequence, many historic sites have been torn As a consequence, many historic sites have been torn down to build these accommodations.down to build these accommodations.

Preserving Heritage: Preserving Heritage: Challenges for Today’s Challenges for Today’s

citiescities Visiting a historic district of a heritage Visiting a historic district of a heritage

city, like Vieux-Quebec, is educational city, like Vieux-Quebec, is educational and enjoyable.and enjoyable.

However, there are challenges facing However, there are challenges facing heritage cities because of the millions heritage cities because of the millions of tourists that visit it each year:of tourists that visit it each year:

1.1. Ensuring peace and quiet for people who live Ensuring peace and quiet for people who live in areas that attract lots of tourists.in areas that attract lots of tourists.

2.2. Accommodating a large number of tourists by Accommodating a large number of tourists by building more hotels, restaurants, stores etc.building more hotels, restaurants, stores etc.

3.3. Building underground parking lots to Building underground parking lots to accommodate rental cars. accommodate rental cars.

4.4. Protecting historic monuments from pollutionProtecting historic monuments from pollution

5.5. Restoring historic buildings (Renovating Restoring historic buildings (Renovating historic buildings that are falling apart)historic buildings that are falling apart)

6. Reconstructing sites destroyed in the 6. Reconstructing sites destroyed in the pastpast

7. Extending a subway line7. Extending a subway line

8. Reducing traffic near historic sites8. Reducing traffic near historic sites

Historic building in Quebec City Historic building in Quebec City collapses in a firecollapses in a fire

QUEBEC CITY (AP) — One of Quebec's most historic buildings QUEBEC CITY (AP) — One of Quebec's most historic buildings has caught fire and collapsed. No injuries have been has caught fire and collapsed. No injuries have been reported.reported.

Witnesses said the fire Friday at the Quebec City Armoury Witnesses said the fire Friday at the Quebec City Armoury was followed by an explosion.was followed by an explosion.

Most of the building collapsed about two hours later, leaving Most of the building collapsed about two hours later, leaving only a brick wall and two towers at the main entrance.only a brick wall and two towers at the main entrance.

Police say they do not know what caused the fire.Police say they do not know what caused the fire. At least eight fire trucks and dozens of firefighters are At least eight fire trucks and dozens of firefighters are

battling the fire.battling the fire. The building, which was built in 1884 and was under The building, which was built in 1884 and was under

renovation, was home to a Canadian reserve unit and also renovation, was home to a Canadian reserve unit and also contained a museum.contained a museum.

Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributedbroadcast, rewritten or redistributed

Heritage Cities and Heritage Cities and UNESCOUNESCO

Heritage cities have historic Heritage cities have historic properties that are valuable and properties that are valuable and have gained them international have gained them international recognition.recognition.

Heritage cities are included in the Heritage cities are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.UNESCO World Heritage List.

They face a big challenge: finding a They face a big challenge: finding a way to preserve their heritage while way to preserve their heritage while continuing to develop.continuing to develop.

They must also ensure that the They must also ensure that the quality of life of its residents is not quality of life of its residents is not affected by the millions of tourists affected by the millions of tourists visiting the city each year.visiting the city each year.

Quebec: Historic or Modern?Quebec: Historic or Modern?

Historic vs. ModernHistoric vs. Modern What belongs in the past is historic; what What belongs in the past is historic; what

belongs to today is modern.belongs to today is modern.

What we consider modern today will What we consider modern today will eventually become historic!eventually become historic!

The Chateau Frontenac: The Chateau Frontenac: Historic or modern?Historic or modern?

Is this a real castle?Is this a real castle?

Even though Quebec was founded in 1608, Even though Quebec was founded in 1608, the Chateau Frontenac was not built until the Chateau Frontenac was not built until 1892.1892.

It may be old, but it is still more modern It may be old, but it is still more modern than the medieval or Renaissance castles of than the medieval or Renaissance castles of Europe built well over 500 years ago.Europe built well over 500 years ago.

Place-Royale: Place-Royale: Historic or modern?Historic or modern?

Part of the Place-Royale district was Part of the Place-Royale district was reconstructed in the 1970s.reconstructed in the 1970s.

The buildings or added sites dating The buildings or added sites dating back to British rule (After 1760) were back to British rule (After 1760) were demolished in the 1970s in order to demolished in the 1970s in order to recreate the architecture of the recreate the architecture of the French Regime (Before British rule).French Regime (Before British rule).

The reconstructed Place-Royale is The reconstructed Place-Royale is thus both historic and modern.thus both historic and modern.

The Port of Quebec: The Port of Quebec: Historic or modern?Historic or modern?

Aboriginal people were using the site for fur trade before the Aboriginal people were using the site for fur trade before the arrival of the Europeans over 400 years ago.arrival of the Europeans over 400 years ago.

Under French rule (Before 1760), Under French rule (Before 1760), New FranceNew France used this site used this site to export fur back to to export fur back to France.France.

Today, a section of the port has been renovated for Today, a section of the port has been renovated for recreational activities.recreational activities.

Most of it is still being used for commercial and industrial Most of it is still being used for commercial and industrial activities.activities.

The port of Quebec is a modern site with lots of history! The port of Quebec is a modern site with lots of history!

The Price Building: The Price Building: Historic or modern?Historic or modern?

It was built in 1930, it was the first high-rise in It was built in 1930, it was the first high-rise in the city.the city.

Building this 16-storey tower inside the walls of Building this 16-storey tower inside the walls of Old Quebec was controversial because some Old Quebec was controversial because some people felt it would ruin the Old-Quebec people felt it would ruin the Old-Quebec landscape.landscape.

In 1937, a law was passed, forbidding further In 1937, a law was passed, forbidding further high-construction in the district.high-construction in the district.

The Quebec City Convention The Quebec City Convention Centre: Centre:

Historic or modern?Historic or modern?

There is nothing old about this centre.There is nothing old about this centre.

The convention centre was built in several phases The convention centre was built in several phases between 1974 and 1996.between 1974 and 1996.

It has undergone many transformations to meet the It has undergone many transformations to meet the needs of an expanding city.needs of an expanding city.

It is used mainly to host conferences; bringing together It is used mainly to host conferences; bringing together large groups of people from Quebec and other parts of large groups of people from Quebec and other parts of the world to exchange ideas or share research findings.the world to exchange ideas or share research findings.