INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS

& RADIATION EFFECTS

J.P. Saraiva (CERN R2E Project)

October 14, 2014R2E & Availability

Workshop

OBJECTIVES

• GOAL: Combine Infrastructure Related Information from Several Experts -> LHC + Injector Chain;

• RADIATION ENVIRONMENTS:-> IR3/7 will be treated in Session-3

(Thursday)-> Equipment in REs, more details in G.

Spiezia talk-> Other Areas of Concern:

- Radiation Levels Today and in the Future (F. Cerutti);

- Experience from the Injector Chain (J. Saraiva).

• AT THE END:Do we miss out on anything related to

infrastructure?All the future requirements were taken into

account?

OUTLINE

1. Lighting & Power[EN-EL, James Devine,…]

2. Cooling Ventilation [EN-CV, Helmut Jena,…]

3. Safety Alarm System & Detection System [GE-ASE, Silvia Grau,…]

4. Mobile/Radio Services, Network & Wifi, Indoor Localization System

[IT-CS, Frederic Chapron,…]

ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS

• EL SCADA (RTU + RIO) Electrical Supervision

• 48V DC Electrical Systems [LHC (RE)]

• UPS Systems [LHC (RE)]

• Systems to be replaced:• Emergency Lighting System (SOX lights)

• Electronic Circuit Breakers (Vigirex 99M 30mA) [SPS]

• Autonomous Emergency Lights [nTOF]

Lighting & Power [EN-EL]

Tested Systems(CNGS or similar)

[LHC (RE)]

• Standard Fluorescent lighting & ferromagnetic ballasts[CERN Accelerator Complex]

(end-of-life for the technology) Replacement by a radiation resistant alternative:

Current state of the art alternatives are based on SMPS technology (poor radiation performance).

• Emergency SOX Lights: To be replaced by the new LED lighting luminaires:

- Gamma irradiation test (100 kGy): reduction to 40%of the nominal flux.- Displacement Damage test possibly more severe.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

Lighting & Power [EN-EL]

• Mercury Halide Lamps: [Halls & Experimental Caverns](Manufacture restricted for environmental reasons +

end-of-life for the technology) To be replaced by high power LED panels, supplied

by SMPSto be installed in shielded locations.Further irradiation testing of these items is a priority.

• UPS Systems: [LHC (RE)] Upgraded during the LS1 to increase reliability

and resilience to SEU

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

Lighting & Power [EN-EL]

• Emergency Lighting 110V Surface Systems: [SPS] (End of life)

(P.Supplies on surface + Incandescent lights every ~40m around the SPS)

To be replaced -> Requires intervention in radioactive areas

• Electronic Circuit Breakers (Vigirex 99M 30mA) [SPS] (Plastic parts destroyed (fracture of mechanical parts))

To be replaced with non-electronic equivalent,ideally re-located away from highly radioactive areas

• Autonomous Emergency Lights (Aprotec, 8W) [nTOF](Failing in some areas)

Replacement with centrally supplied LEDs

Lighting & Power [EN-EL]

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

Priority activities

Cooling Ventilation [EN-CV]

• Temperature, Humidity & Pressure Sensors not affected by radiation.

• Sensors wired through long distancesto the transmitters:

Temperature

PT100 Sensors

Radiation HardHumiditySensors

PressureSensors

Transmitters

Control Cubiclein Safe Areas Radiation Areas

70 m

ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS

Cooling Ventilation [EN-CV]

• Design of the latest ventilation/cooling systems takes R2E aspects into consideration:

- Hard wiring (detector -> transmitter, in safe zone);- Safe locations;- Non-sensible actuators;- Maximum reduction of equipment…

• Lots of efforts taken to shield and relocate equipment during the LS1:

No failures expected thanks to LS1mitigation measures of controls

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

CERN Safety Alarm Monitoring (CSAM) [GS-ASE]

[Alarms-of-level 3 Transmission of alarms to fire brigade]

• PLCs and SCADA network located at the surface.

[Oxygen Deficiency Hazard (ODH) monitoring system and gas detection, fire detection, red telephones, emergency evacuation, accesses (PAD,

MAD)]

• Detectors: suffer from Dose Effects, e.g. ODH detectors changed more and less each 4 years -> Dose lifetime to be checked(no problems of SEE -> electronics already relocated to the US/RE)

• Centrals: (Control & Indicating Equipment, PLC-types connected to

the detectors) [LHC(US15, USA15, UW25, UA27, UJ33, US45, USC55,

US65, TZ76, UX85a, US85a, UA87)]

ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS

Detection System [GS-ASE]

ALL SAFE

Detection System [GS-ASE]

• Fire and Gas Detection Centrals Relocated during the LS1 from UJ76 to TZ76.

• Fire detectors moved from the RR to the UL55, TZ76 and US15.

• Racks: [LHC (UJ23, UJ87)] To be defined what to be relocated and when

depending onthe radiation levels and the respective evolution.

• Number of ODH detectors should increase during next runs.

• Flashing lights (gyrophares) may be replaced in the future bya LED based system to increase luminosity.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

Network & Wi-Fi Points [IT-CS]

ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS

• Network switches and Wi-Fi access points [LHC (RE, UL, UX, UA)]

• UTP cables from the network switch to the end-user equipment

• Network switches not exposed to radiation in the Injectors(UTP cables might be affected)

• Most exposed equipment were relocated during the LS1 in better locations

No new developments planned until the next 5 years

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

Mobile/Radio Services [IT-CS]

ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS

• 2G/3G Transmitters deployed in all REs (and SD buildings)

• Leaky Feeder Cables (connected to the transmitters, to allow mobile radio

signal propagation all around the LHC tunnel)

-> Get degraded when exposed to radiation [LHC+Injectors]

• To provide 4G services in the LHC, during the LS2:

16 4G transmitters to be installed in the REs

Replacement of the current leaky feeder infrastructure and deploy a second one in // to allow higher data throughput with 4G/5G

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS

Indoor Localization System [IT-CS]

ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS

• (TETRA transmitters only deployed in SD buildings)

• RF beacons (powered with 4 AA Lithium 3.6V batteries):

-> Exposed & affected by radiation: life-time dose limit

around few hundred Gys:

- Reliable enough to be deployed in the LHC tunnel(all beacons will be replaced every 5 years (in “LHC conditions”))

- Life-time strongly affected in the Injector Chain

(high radiation levels)

A more radiation tolerant beacon needs to be developed

-> 20% of the total # of beacons tested stopped working due to

a problem of battery (CNRAD tests performed at the end of 2012)

Fraunhofer test campaign will be scheduled for the batteries

QUESTIONS

Inventory:

- Anything missing related to infrastructure?

Development:

- All the future requirements were taken into

account?

THANKS TO ALL WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED!!

EN – CV / EL,GS – ASE,IT – CS.