Infrastructure Protection .

• Infrastructure Protection

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Critical Infrastructure Protection

1 'Critical infrastructure protection' ('CIP') is a concept that relates to the

preparedness and response to serious incidents that involve the

critical infrastructure of a region or nation.



1 The American Presidential directive PDD-63 of May 1998 set up a national program of Critical

Infrastructure Protection.[http://www.fas.org/irp/offd

ocs/pdd/pdd-63.htm Presidential directive PDD-63]



1 In Europe the equivalent European Programme for Critical Infrastructure

Protection (EPCIP) refers to the doctrine or specific programs created as a result of the

European Commission's directive EU COM(2006) 786 which designates European critical infrastructure that, in case of fault, incident, or attack, could impact both the

country where it is hosted and at least one other Member State of the European Union|

European Member State


Critical Infrastructure Protection - History of the U.S. CIP

1 The U.S. CIP is a national program to ensure the security of vulnerable and interconnected

infrastructures of the United States. In May 1998, President Bill Clinton issued

Presidential directive PDD-63 on the subject of Critical Infrastructure Protection. This recognized certain parts of the national

infrastructure as critical to the national and economic security of the United States and the well-being of its citizenry, and required

steps to be taken to protect it.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Challenges

1 Critical infrastructure protection requires the development of a national capability to

identify and monitor the critical elements and to determine when and if the elements

are under attack or are the victim of destructive natural occurrences. CIP is

important because it is the link between risk management and infrastructure assurance.

It provides the capability needed to eliminate potential vulnerabilities in the

critical infrastructure.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Organization and structure

1 PDD-63 mandated the formation of a national structure for critical infrastructure protection. To

accomplish this one of the primary actions was to produce a National Infrastructure Assurance Plan, or

NIAP, later renamed National Infrastructure Protection Plan or NIPP.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Organization and structure

1 PDD-63 identified certain functions related to critical infrastructure

protection that must be performed chiefly by the federal government


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Department of Defense and CIP

1 Ultimately, DoD was responsible for supporting national critical infrastructure

protection.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Department of Defense and CIP

1 In response to the requirements identified in PDD-63, DoD categorized its own critical

assets by sector, in a manner similar to the national CIP organization. The DoD identified

a slightly different list of infrastructure sectors for those areas that specifically

required protection by DoD. DoD’s organizational structure for critical infrastructure protection reflects,

complements, and effectively interacts with the national structure for CIP.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - DoD sectors

1 For those cases when infrastructure protection requirements affect more

than one defense sector, DoD has set up special function components that support the implementation of CIP.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Six phases

1 For critical infrastructure protection, risk management requires leveraging resources to address the most critical infrastructure assets that are also the

most vulnerable and that have the greatest threat exposure.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Six phases

1 The most important part of the CIP lifecycle is Phase 1. Because it is crucial to target the right assets for infrastructure protection,

determining these assets is the first phase in the CIP life cycle. This phase, Analysis and

Assessment, is the key and foundation of the seven lifecycle activities. Without a solid foundation, the remaining CIP life cycle

phases may be flawed, resulting in a CIP plan that fails to protect the critical infrastructure

and, therefore, mission assurance.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Phase 2: Remediation

1 Remediation requirements are also gathered through lessons learned from Defense Infrastructure sector

monitoring and reporting and infrastructure protection operations

and exercises. The CIP program tracks the status of remediation

activities for critical assets. Remediation activities to protect the critical Defense Infrastructure cross multiple Department components.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Phase 3: Indications and warnings

1 The ability to detect and warn of infrastructure events is the third

phase of the critical infrastructure protection life cycle, the Indications

and Warnings phase.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Phase 3: Indications and warnings

1 The National Infrastructure Protection Center (NIPC) is the primary national

warning center for significant infrastructure attacks


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Phase 4: Mitigation

1 The NMCC and the JTF-CNO keep the National Infrastructure Protection Center, or NIPC, apprised of any significant mitigation activities.


Critical Infrastructure Protection - Phase 6: Reconstitution

1 After the source or cause of an infrastructure event is eliminated or contained, the infrastructure and its

capabilities must be restored. Reconstitution is the last phase of

the critical infrastructure protection. Reconstitution is probably the most

challenging and least developed process of the life cycle. DoD critical

asset owners have the major responsibility for reconstitution.


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