Chair: Stephanie Pell, West Point’s Army Cyber Institute (US)

Moderator: Sabine Gless, University of Basel (CH)

Speakers: David Gray, University of Maryland School of Law (US)Dominik Herrmann, University of Hamburg (DE)Jan-Philipp Albrecht, MEP (EU)Miltos Kyriakidis, ETH-Singapore Centre (Singapore)

INFORMATIONALIZATION OF BODY SIGNALSAND CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS

Prof. Dr. Dominik Herrmann · University of Bamberg

INFORMATIONALIZATION OF BODY SIGNALSAND CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS

https://dhgo.to/cpdp18-slides

85% Happy91% Tired73% Excited

nordicapis.com/20-emotion-recognition-apis-that-will-leave-you-impressed-and-concerned/

3

BENEFITS AND RISKS

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OvVKnC6gGtg

What can we do with facial data?

5https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2017/05/08/drowsiness-detection-opencv/

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https://www.theverge.com/2015/11/11/9711698/microsoft-project-oxford-emotion-recognition

Happy: 0.06Surprised: 0.92

https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/cognitive-services/emotion/

Mood detection frommacro expressions (2015)

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insights.sei.cmu.edu/sei_blog/2018/01/revealing-true-emotions-through-micro-expressions-a-machine-learning-approach.html

Mood detection frommicro expressions (2018)

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Wang, Y., & Kosinski, M. (2017). Deep neural networks are more accurate than humans at detecting sexual orientation from facial images.. Retrieved from psyarxiv.com/hv28a

Prediction of sexual orientation (2017)

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What can we do withdata obtained by wearables?

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Living Healthy

The benefits are tempting…

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Heart attack detection

http://www.car-engineer.com/intelligent-suspension-system-lincoln-mkz-help-mitigating-pothole-damage/ https://www.engadget.com/2016/09/29/dr-oz-wants-to-sell-you-a-heart-monitoring-smartwatch/

Living Healthy Pothole Detection

iBeat

The benefits are tempting…

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… which is why risks are perceived to be less serious.

Image by Oxfordian Kissuth (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons; https://www.gizbot.com/img/2016/09/unlockphone-15-1473938298.jpgD. Leibenger at al. (2016). Privacy Challenges in the Quantified Self Movement – An EU Perspective. PoPETs 2016 (4):315–334.I Torre et al. (2016). Fitness Trackers and Wearable Devices: How to PreventInference Risks? BODYNETS 2016.S. Narain et al (2016). Inferring User Routes and Locations Using Zero-Permission Mobile Sensors. IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP), pp. 397-413.

Initial results:smoking, entered PINs, taken routes detectable

Privacy Paradoxon

Would you read privacy policyof a Quantified Self service?59% say “Yes”.

Of those actually using aQuantified Self serviceless than 20% say “Yes”.

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Apple Health Data Is BeingUsed as Evidence in a Rapeand Murder Investigation

The app recorded a portion of hisactivity as “climbing stairs,” whichauthorities were able to correlatewith the time he would havedragged his victim down the riverembankment, and then climbedback up.

https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/43q7qq/apple-health-data is-being-used-as-evidence-in-a-rape-and-murder-investigation-germany

Benefits (?) for law enforcement.

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CAN WE HAVE BENEFITS AND PRIVACY

AT THE SAME TIME?

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Encryption andAnonymization

– a lot of failures– in conflict with benefits

APPARENTLY NOT

https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/01/09/fbi_boss_backdooring_encryption/

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Revocable Privacy

Privacy-preservingdata mining

Differential privacy

Regulation needed toincentivize adoption.

HOPEFULLY IN THE FUTUREA system implements revocable privacy if the architecture of the system guarantees a predefined level of anonymity for a partici-pant as long as she does not violate a predefined rule.

W. Lueks et al. (2016): Revocable Privacy: Principles, Use Cases, and Technologies. Privacy Technologies and Policy: Third Annual Privacy Forum, APF 2015, pp. 124–143.

Prof. Dr. Dominik Herrmann https://dhgo.to/cpdp18-slides

We sacrifice privacy forimmediate gratification.

Technology can help to getbenefits and privacy.

Regulation needed toincentivize adoption.

INFORMATIONALIZATIONOF BODY SIGNALS AND

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS

Twitter: @herdom