Information systemspresentationfinal
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Information SystemsInformation Systems
Presented by: Muhammad Ajmal Khan
MPhil 0504
Deptt. of Library and Information Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore
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OutlineOutlineDefinitions
Types of Information Systems
Information Systems Vs Information Technology
Expanding Roles of IS
Classification of IS
Enterprise Resource Planning
Information Systems Development
IS as Discipline
Information systems: Opportunities and Challenges
Conclusion
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DefinitionsDefinitionsData
Raw facts such as an employee’s name and number of hours worked in a week, inventory part numbers or sales orders.
Information
A collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves.
Data Information
$35,000 12 Units $12,000 J. Jones Western Region $100,000 100 Units
35 Units
Data Processing
Salesperson: J. Jones Sales Territory: Western Region Current Sales: 147 Units = $147,000
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Information Systems
An information system(IS) is typically considered to be a set of interrelated elements or components that collect(input), manipulate(processes), and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.
Open System
Close System
Definitions
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Types of Information SystemsTypes of Information Systems
1. Informal Information System
2. Formal Information System
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An Information System is an organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication networks and the data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information in a organization.
Computer-based Information System
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Hardware
Software
Databases
Networks
Other related components
are used to buildINFORMATION SYSTEMS
Payroll System
Inventory System
Marketing System
Customer Service System
IS Vs ITIS Vs IT
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Expanding Roles of ISExpanding Roles of IS1. Data Processing: 1950s-1960s
2. Management Reporting: 1960s-1970s
3. Decision support: 1970s-1980s
4. Strategic and End User Support: 1980s-1990s
5. Global Internetworking: 1990s-2000s
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Classification of ISClassification of ISInformation Systems
Operations Support System
Management Support System
Transaction processing systems
Process control systems
Office automation systems
Management information systems
Decision support systems
Executive information systems
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1. Operations support systems process data generated by business operations
Major categories are:
i) Transaction processing systems
ii) Process control systems
iii) Office automation systems
2. Management Support Systems provide information and support needed for effective decision making by managers
Major categories are
i) Management Information System
ii) Decision Support Systems
iii) Executive Information System
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1. Operations Support System
i) Transaction processing systems
• Process business exchanges• Maintain records about the exchanges• Handle routine, yet critical, tasks• Perform simple calculations
ii) Process control systems monitor and control industrial processes.
iii) Office automation systems automate office procedures and enhance office communications and productivity.
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2. Management support systems provide information and support needed for effective decision making by managers
Major categories are:
i) Management information systems
Routine information for routine decisions Operational efficiency Use transaction data as main input Databases integrate MIS in different functional areas
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ii) Decision Support System
• Interactive support for non-routine decisions or problems• End-users are more involved in creating a DSS than an MIS
iii) Executive information systems
provide critical information tailored to the information needs of executives
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Other categories
a) Expert systems
b) End user computing systems
c) Business information systems
d) Strategic information systems
a) Expert Systems are knowledge-based systems that provides expert advice and act as expert consultants to the users
b) End user computing systems support the direct, hands on use of computers by end users for operational and managerial applications
c) Business information systems support the operational and managerial applications of the basic business functions of a firm
d) Strategic information systems provide a firm which strategic products, services, and capabilities for competitive advantage
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Enterprise Resource Planning Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)(ERP)
Integrated programs that can manage a company’s entire set of business operations
Often coordinate planning, inventory control, production and ordering
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Information Systems DevelopmentInformation Systems Development
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IS as DisciplineIS as Discipline
IS is an interdisciplinary field influenced by Computer Science, Political Science, Psychology, Operations Research, Linguistics, Sociology, and Organizational Theory.
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ChallengesChallenges
1. Workforce downsizing
2. Information overload
3. Employee mistrust
4. Difficult to built
5. Security breaches
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OpportunitiesOpportunities1. Enhanced global competitiveness
2. Capture market opportunities
3. Support corporate strategy
4. Enhance worker productivity
5. Improve quality of goods and services
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ConclusionConclusion
Information Systems are indispensable to the business, industry, academia and any organization to meet the future challenges