Information System Design Info-440
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Transcript of Information System Design Info-440
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Information System Design
Info-440Autumn 2002
Session #8
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nAgenda
• Admin/review• Process
– Reminder of where we are?• Conceptual modeling • Break• Two exercises • Return quiz
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nAdmin
• Announcements– Lab today: If you can, please bring scissors,
tape, color pencils, etc.– Anyone?
• Interactive design project– To learn more about Tablet PCs, try:
http://www.pencomputing.com– Questions?– Proposal due: Oct 28 (Monday)
• Quizzes– Back today!
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nLast time
• Design spaces– Key idea: Map multiple items on a
two-dimensional plot– Example dimensions: Task, product,
user-satisfaction, market landscape• Task analysis/User Flows
– Key idea: Represent goals and tasks– User flows are usually procedural
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nTask Analysis/User
Flows: SymbolsGoal
start
Task Decision
Task
Task
end
Task
Other pathYes
No
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n Process
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nDevelopment process
Define: Vision/scopeNeeds assessment
Design: Invent thetechnological solution
Develop: Build the technology
Deploy: Delivery stabletechnology
Vision/scope document
Design specificationsdocument
Beta software
Version Release
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nLength of Development
Cycle• 1 Six month cycle– Effective for well-established
businesses– Effective when making evolutionary
improvements
• 3 two-month cycles– Effective for new businesses/ideas– Effective when trying to make
revolutionary improvements
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n Conceptual modeling
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nShift focus from ‘users’
to the ‘system’• We’ve looked at users long enough!
– Contextual inquiry, affinity diagrams, personas, scenarios, task analysis, etc.
• Let’s start designing!– Key idea: Difference between logical
structure of a system and physical system
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nLogical vs. Physical
Design• Physical: surface of the interface (skin)
– Colors, fonts, zones, grids, graphics, etc.– Discipline: Information design
• Logical: structure underlying the interface (skull)– Entities, relationships, attributes, operations, etc.
• Examples:– HTML tags vs. spacer gifs – Database schema vs. indexes of tables – XML vs CSS– …
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nThree example from
Quiz• The TV Guide is ordered by day.
Each day lists TV shows in a grid according to hour and station.
TVGuide
Index- Friends 7:30- Seinfield 8:00
Shows Showtime
Times
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In Skull beneath the Skin, What problem
did Green and Benyon seek to solve?
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nNotations
• In the paper Skull beneath skin, Green & Benyon adapt Entity-Relationship Modeling notation – Entities– Relationships– Attributes
• Different modeling languages use different notations– Example: UML, ER, OMT, etc.
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nNotation
• Entities
• Attributes
• Relationships
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nRelationships more
• Relationships can have a degree– 1 to 1– 1 to M– M to M
• Relationships can mandatory or optional
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nLet’s work some
examples on the board
– What does the grid for the TV Guide look like?
– How could we represent shows?– How could we represent times?– How could we represent the
relationship between the two?
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n Break
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nExercise: Reverse
engineer a conceptual model for dmoz
http://dmoz.org/Sports/Skiing/
What are the entities?
What are the relationships?
What are the attributes?
What operations can be applied to the entities?
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nExercise: Develop a
conceptual model for this scenario• Jill is a historian. She wants to help
people understand how natural and built environments have changed over time. To do this she wants to develop a site which will allow people to match old photographs of buildings, landscapes, etc. to new photographs. Jill wants people to see, touch, and experience ‘change’.
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nQuiz #1
• Good work on the quiz- Your answers will come in handy when
you interview for jobs!
• Everyone received max points for – Describe a conceptual model for TV
Guide.
• Lydia– Comments…
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nGrade distribution on Quiz #1Marked out of 5 (Average 4.5)
October 2002
02468
101214161820
s5 s4.5 s4.0 s3.5 s0
Scores
Freq
uenc
y
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nNext week
• Topics– More on conceptual modeling– Begin interaction design
• Metaphors and visual formalisms• Two readings
– See syllabus • Interactive design project
– Proposal due: Oct 28 (Monday)