Information Architecture Workshop

1 Peter Morville, Internet Librarian 2013

4

Design for Discovery

Peter Morville & Jeffery Callender

SearchPatterns

Agenda Intro to IA

Governance & Culture

Search & Libraries

Cross-Channel (Mobile)

Concepts, Cases, Conversations

5

What architects do for buildings, information architects do for…

in•for•ma•tion ar•chi•tec•ture n

The structural design of information systems, interactive services, and user experiences.

The organization, search, and navigation systems that help people to complete tasks, find what they need, and understand what they’ve found.

The fast parts learn, propose, and absorb shocks; the slow parts remember, integrate, and constrain.

The fast parts get all the attention. The slow parts have all the power.

Steward Brand on “Pace Layering”

12

“Categorization is not a matter to be taken lightly. There is nothing more basic than categorization to our thought, perception, action, and speech.”

15

There is one timeless way of building.

It is thousands of years old, and the same today as it has always been.

The great traditional buildings of the past, the villages and tents and temples in which man feels at home, have always been made by people who were very close to the center of this way.

It is not possible to make great buildings, or great towns, beautiful places, places where you feel yourself, places where you feel alive, except by following this way.

And, as you will see, this way will lead anyone who looks for it to buildings which are themselves as ancient in their form, as the trees and hills, and as our faces are.

The Timeless Way of Building Christopher Alexander

16

Window Place (180)

Everybody loves window seats, bay windows, and big windows with low sills and comfortable chairs drawn up to them.

May be part of: • Entrance Room (130)

• Zen View (134) • Light on Two Sides (159) • Street Windows (164)

May contain: • Alcoves (179)

• Low Sill (222) • Built-In Seats (202) • Deep Reveals (223)

A Pattern Language Christopher Alexander et al.

26 Bill Verplank, IxD11 Opening Keynote, http://vimeo.com/20285615 (00:19:30)

27

Process 1.  Background research and planning. 2.  Audience analysis (user roles and goals). 3.  Site evaluation. 4.  Site and search analytics. 5.  Content and metadata analysis. 6.  Competitive and comparative analysis. 7.  Internal meetings (and presentations). 8.  Stakeholder interviews. 9.  User research sessions. 10. Information architecture design.

28

goals, strategy, brand, process, technology, resources, politics, culture…

objects, types, metadata, structure, relationships, source, volume, growth

audiences, user needs, use cases, mental models, vocabulary, behavior

29 “Desire Lines” Photo: Berkeley Path Gallery by Kevin Fox

30

User Research (Outside-In) •  Surveys •  Focus Groups •  Personas •  Usability Testing •  Interviews •  Card Sorting •  Ethnography •  Mental Models

•  Usage Logs •  Search Analytics •  A/B Testing •  Prototyping •  Alpha / Beta •  Customer Support •  Eyetracking •  Participatory Design

31

IA is the Art of Synthesis Goals and Scope (RFP, Functional Specifications)

Constraints (Schedule, Budget, Technology, Politics)

Project-Specific Research (Users, Content, Context)

Competitive Analysis (Legalized Cheating)

What We Know (Education, Expertise, Experience)

Guidelines (Three Click Rule, Users Don’t Scroll)

Design Research (HCI, LIS, IR, Academic, Corporate)

Project-Specific Testing (Usability)

33

Deliverables •  Strategy brief that presents findings and analysis of the

research process and recommends a user experience strategy focused on user roles and goals.

•  Suite of information architecture wireframes specifying page-level structure and navigation for major interfaces and page types.

•  Final report that integrates results and analysis, strategy and recommendations, user experience flows, wireframes, and requirements.

34

Blueprints

35

Task Flows

37

Visual Thinking Unwritten Rule #1

“Whoever best describes a problem is the person most likely to solve the problem.

…or, whoever draws the best picture gets the funding.”

38

Wireframes

41

The Right Way to Wireframe S

hade

s of

Gra

y

http

://bl

og.s

eman

ticfo

undr

y.co

m/2

009/

01/0

1/

The Right W

ay to Wirefram

e http://konigi.com

/notebook/all-right-way-w

ireframe-videos

44 NCI Home Cancer Information Types of Cancer

Melanoma Home Page

1 2

3

Cancer.gov Redesign Goals •  Improve overall ease of use.

•  Improve image and identity.

•  Target content to key audiences.

•  Remove non-clickable bullets.

•  Reduce number of clicks.

45

Findability Facts •  For every search on cancer.gov, there are over 100 cancer-related searches on public search engines. •  Of these searches, 70% are on specific types of cancer.

600,000 visitors 2.5 million page views

12.5% mobile, 50% annual growth rate

52

Process •  Analytics •  Expert Review •  User Research (6)

•  Stakeholder Interviews (28)

•  Comparative Analysis

Project Overview

Deliverables •  Strategy Report •  Wireframes

Goals Develop a user-centered web strategy and an information architecture framework for Kresge.

53

Project Overview Research Highlights

•  Users •  Stakeholders •  Expert Review

Strategy Brief •  Web Strategy •  Information Architecture •  Content Strategy •  Social Media •  Multimedia •  Grants Database •  Online Application (Public) •  Search Engine Optimization

Report & Presentation

Wireframes 1.  Home 2.  Program 3.  Focus Area 4.  About Us 5.  Search

Next Steps Questions / Discussion

54

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Detroit

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55

Pages •  Home •  Program •  Focus Area •  About Us •  Search

Caveats •  Visual Design •  Starting Point

Wireframes

Blog

Facebook

Flickr

RSS

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Search

The Kresge Foundation focuses its Education Program on expanding

student access to higher education and avenues for their academic

success. This is being accomplished by supporting pathways to and

through college, building the capacity of postsecondary institutions

whose primary mission is to educate low-income and underrepresented

students, and promoting systems and technology that increase

productivity and foster innovation in higher education.

Program Overview

The Education Program focuses its work on supporting postsecondary

access and success in the following three focus areas:

• Pathways for Students – We seek to propel more

underrepresented students – especially low-income, first

generation and African American, Latino and Native American

students – into two- and four-year institutions, and increase the

number of students who ultimately graduate. We are interested

primarily in national, regional, or state- or consortium-based

efforts that serve large numbers of students. We make few, if

any, grants to individual institutions or organizations for small-

scale programs serving limited numbers of students.

• Strengthening Institutions – To help increase the number of

college graduates in the United States, the Education Team

works to build the capacity of postsecondary institutions that

predominately serve low-income, underrepresented and first

generation college students, particularly community colleges

and minority-serving institutions, such as Historically Black

Colleges and Universities, Hispanic-serving institutions and

Tribal colleges and universities, Title III and Title V institutions,

and special mission institutions.

...

Application Process

This section explains whether or not unsolicited applications are

encouraged (by this program), recommends that prospective applicants

identify the focus area or initiative that fits their mission, and provides

links to the eligibility and deadline sections and the online application.

...

Eligibility

Who may apply?

• 501(c)(3) organizations based in the United States that are not

classified as private foundations

• International organizations that are the equivalent of a 501(c)

...

Calendar & Deadlines

This section presents dates and deadlines that apply to the whole program

and/or links to dates and deadlines at the focus area or initiative level.

...

Education

Home > Programs > Education

Quick Links

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Education Blog

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Focus Areas

Pathways for Students

Strengthening Institutions

Productivity

South Africa

Education Program Team

William F.L. Moses Program Director

Caroline Altman Smith Program Officer

Julian A. Haynes Program Associate

New Strategy to Increase theNumber of College Graduates

Grantee Spotlight: OregonCollege of Art & Craft

Blog Post: Positive Trends inPostsecondary Education

More: News | Blog

News & Commentary

About Us Programs Grants Library News & Media Print | Share | Subscribe

Page Sections

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Recent Grants

Library >Education Resources

Changing the Odds: LessonsLearned from the KresgeHBCU Initiative (PDF)

Campus Green Builder

KnowHow2Go

Stay Connected

Pathways for Students

Strengthening Institutions

Productivity

South Africa

Focus Area Approved Average Grant

$2,125,000

$2,750,000

$475,050

$465,075

17

20

5

3

$125,000

$135,000

$95,000

$155,000

Number of Grants

Recent Grants View All Education Grants | Search Grants Database

Home | About Us | Programs | Grants | Library | News & Media | Site Map | Contact Us

3215 West Big Beaver Road, Troy, Michigan 48084

© The Kresge Foundation. All Rights Reserved.

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The primary goal of improving postsecondary access and success is

propelling more students – especially low-income, first generation and

African American, Latino and Native American students – into two- and

four-year institutions, and increasing the number of students who

ultimately graduate.

Focus Area Overview

Many of our target students are the first in their families to attend

college, and their families are often intimidated by the potential costs of

a college education and bewildered by the complexities of navigating the

financial aid and admissions process. Once accepted to college, and

despite often good high-school records, many students lack the skills to

compete successfully in college-level courses.

Studies show that nearly half of all community college students enroll in

at least one developmental education course, typically in remedial math,

reading or writing. Many students also juggle significant work and family

responsibilities that complicate their ability to complete degrees.

We seek to support networks of colleges, research organizations,

community-based organizations, and two- and four-year colleges that are

engaged primarily in increasing the numbers of underrepresented

students entering and graduating from college by removing the barriers

described above.

Our goal is to fund programs that foster the following:

• College readiness and/or increase awareness of and access to

financial aid

• Research and models on how to remove barriers to student

success

...

Education: Pathways for Students

Home > Programs > Education > Pathways for Students

Quick Links

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Education Blog

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Page Sections

Focus Area Overview

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Library >Education Resources

Focus Area Link (Optional)



Education Program Team

William F.L. Moses Program Director

Caroline Altman Smith Program Officer

Julian A. Haynes Program Associate

Search

The Kresge Foundation is a $3.1 billion private, national

foundation that seeks to influence the quality of life for future

generations through its support of nonprofit organizations in six

fields of interest: health, the environment, community

development, arts and culture, education and human services.

We are headquartered in metropolitan Detroit, in the suburb

community of Troy, Michigan. In 2009, the Board of Trustees

approved 404 awards totaling $197 million; $167 million was

paid out to grantees over the course of the year.

In 1924, Sebastian Spering Kresge established the foundation...

About Us

Home > About Us

President's Corner

Rip Rapson A message from the president of The Kresge Foundation.

Who We Are

Mission & Values

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Glossary of Kresge Terms

Quick Facts

Established in 1924 bySebastian Spering Kresge.

Recently expanded beyondsignature challenge grant.

Distributed $167 million tograntees in 2009.

Fiscal year 2009 assetsvalued at $3.1 billion.

Governance

Bylaws

Board of Trustees

Committee Charters

Code of Conduct (Staff)

Code of Ethics (Trustees)

Our Headquarters

3215 West Big Beaver RoadTroy, Michigan 48084

Maps & DirectionsOur Green HQ Kresge StaffGrantee Spotlight

High School-level Programs Raise Awareness of OccupationalHealth and Safety Risks for Young People

Kresge Awards $3 Million for the Health Clinic Opportunity Fund

Kresge Announces Strategy To Increase College Graduates in the U.S.

More >>

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Recommended Results

Arts & Culture ProgramWe seek to build vibrant communities enlivened by the presence of healthy arts and culture organizations and creative artists that together encourage participation in and support for all forms of cultural expression.kresge.org/programs/artsandculture/

Kresge Arts in DetroitA three-part effort designed to support and develop individual artists, arts and cultural organizations and arts-infrastructure groups in metropolitan Detroit’s Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties. kresge.org/artsindetroit/

Search Term(s)

arts

Results 1-10 of 215

Arts and Community Building | Arts & Culture Program | The Kresge FoundationAcross the country, communities of all sizes are using the unique power of arts and culture to re-charge and re-build. But these efforts are not systematic, ...www.kresge.org/index.php/.../arts.../arts_and_community_building/

“A Different View of Detroit” > President's Corner > The Kresge ...... of work within this category – strategies to improve the opportunities in Detroit's neighborhoods and to promote a robust arts and culture environment. ...www.kresge.org/index.../article/a_different_view_of_detroit/

Kresge Announces New National Strategy for Arts and Culture ...Apr 19, 2010 ... The Kresge Foundation announces today a new national strategy for its Arts and Culture Program that fosters the long-term financial ...www.kresge.org/.../article/kresge_announces_new_national_strategy_for_arts...

Kresge Arts Support > What We Do > The Kresge FoundationCall for applications: Small and mid-size arts and cultural organizations in Wayne, Oakland and Macomb counties are invited to apply now for operating ...www.kresge.org/index.php/what/detroit.../kresge_arts_support/

Arts and Culture Program Seeks Preliminary Applications for the ...Jul 30, 2010 ... The Kresge Foundation's Arts and Culture Program is inviting preliminary applications for its Facility Investments and Building Reserves ...www.kresge.org/.../article/arts_and_culture_program_seeks_preliminary...

New Program Promotes Art and Cultural Projects in Economically ...Jul 30, 2009 ... $600000 in grant funding from The Kresge Foundation will encourage city residents and organizations to use art and culture as a tool for ...www.kresge.org/.../article/new_program_promotes_art_and_cultural_projects...

Kresge Community Arts Program Calls for Applications; $100000 in ...Jan 26, 2010 ... The Kresge Foundation is calling for applications for year-two of Kresge Community Arts, a national community arts and engagement project ...www.kresge.org/.../article/kresge_community_arts_program_calls_for...

Human Services, Health, and Arts and Culture Organizations, Among ...Aug 25, 2009 ... Grants were made in Kresge's six fields of interest – human services, health, arts and culture, education, community development and the ...www.kresge.org/.../article/human_services_health_and_arts_and_culture...

Area Arts and Culture Organizations To Benefit from $6 Million in ...“Arts and cultural organizations enrich the fabric of daily life, nurture individual development, strengthen communities and contribute to the regional ...www.kresge.org/.../article/Area_Arts_and_Culture_Organizations_To_Benefit

Institutional Capitalization > What We Do > The Kresge FoundationThe vitality of arts and cultural institutions and their capacity to serve the public are often threatened by weak finances. In assessing financial health, ...www.kresge.org/index.php/what/arts.../institutional_capitalization/ - Cached

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Library

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Recent News

Foundation Blog

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Stay Connected

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Recent News




Kresge Grantees Launch Site on Climate-Change Adaptation

Call for Applications:$4.5 Million Available to Detroit-Area Arts and Cultural Organizations

More >>

Arts & Culture


Detroit

Education

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Health

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Apply for a Grant

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News & Media

Home

•  Program Areas (7)

•  Global Navigation

•  Quick Links

•  News

•  Social Media

•  Search

•  Images + Interaction

56

Search




Recent News




Kresge Grantees Launch Site on Climate-Change Adaptation

Call for Applications:$4.5 Million Available to Detroit-Area Arts and Cultural Organizations

More >>

Arts & Culture


Detroit

Education

Environment

Health

Human Services


Apply for a Grant

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61

Campus Photo Slideshow

Nam

e of School

THINGS ON THE FRONT PAGE OF A UNIVERSITY WEBSITE

THINGS PEOPLE GO TO THE SITE LOOKING FOR

Alumni in the News

Press Releases

Statement of the School's Philosophy

Letter from the President

Virtual Tour

Faculty Phone Numbers & Emails

Campus AddressApplication Forms

Academic Calendar

Parking Information

Usable Campus Map

Department & Course Lists

Course Registration

Faculty Profiles

Adapted from http://xkcd.com/773/

62

Underlying Assumptions

Espoused Values

ArtifactsVisible organizational structures and processes (hard to decipher)

Strategies, goals, philosophies, justifications

Unconscious, taken for granted beliefs, perceptions, thoughts, feelings (source of values, action)

Three Levels of Culture

63

It is difficult to overstate the extent to which most managers and the people who advise them believe in the redemptive power of rewards.

Rewards undermine the processes they are intended to enhance. Extrinsic motivators do not alter the attitudes underlying behaviors.

People who do exceptional work may be glad to be paid and even more glad to be well paid, but they do not work to collect a paycheck. They work because they love what they do.

Why Incentive Plans Cannot Work by Alfie Kohn (1993)

http://hbr.org/archive-toc/BR9309

64

The building of the railroads (and the telegraph system) made possible this growth of

the great industrial enterprise

(from about 1850 to 1950).

“The need (for divisionalization and decentralization) did not result from the larger size of the enterprise per se. It came rather

from the increasing diversity and complexity of decisions that senior managers had to make.”

Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. (1962)

65

BIG GOVERNANCE

little local governance

66

“Customers are adopting disruptive technologies faster than companies can adapt.”

“The individuals who make up the company must be fully conscious of the job that they are doing for customers… (and of) the jobs customers are trying to do.”

67

Pods

Small, agile, autonomous teams that are “authorized to

represent the company and deliver results to customers.”

Pods are flexible, fast, scalable, and resilient.

Pods are designed so that decisions and changes can be made as quickly and as close

to customers as possible.

68

“A platform is a government.”

“When it comes to language, protocols, culture, and values, you don’t want variability, you want consistency.”

“Backbone activities are about coordination and consistency.

Backbones should be as lightweight as possible.”

71

Systems thinking looks at relationships (rather than unrelated objects), connectedness, process (rather than structure), the whole (rather than just its parts), the patterns (rather than the contents) of a system, and context.

Thinking systematically also requires several shifts in perception, which lead in turn to different ways to teach, and different ways to organize society

“There is a problem in discussing systems only with words. Words and sentences must, by necessity, come only one a time in linear, logical order. Systems happen all at once. They are connected not just in one direction, but in many directions simultaneously. To discuss them properly, it is necessary to use a language that shares some of the same properties as the phenomena under discussion.”

73

“If a factory is torn down but the rationality which produced it is left standing, then that rationality will

simply produce another factory. If a revolution destroys a government, but the systematic patterns of thought that produced that government are left intact, then those

patterns will repeat themselves…There’s so much talk about the system. And so little understanding.”

74

“The system

always kicks back.”

Fragmentation Fragmentation into multiple sites, domains, and identities is clearly a major problem. Users don’t know which site to visit for which purpose.

Findability Users can’t find what they need from the home page, but most users don’t come through the front door. They enter via a web search or a deep link, and are confused by what they find. Even worse, most never use the Library, because its resources aren’t easily findable.

80

1.  One Library

2.  Core Areas

3.  Network Intelligence

Web Strategy

Library

Web

Online Onsite

National Library

Congress(about/for)

Copyright

Hierarchytop-down

Networkbottom-up

+

81

Experience Across Channels

Library

Researcher

Catalog

Desktop

Laptop

Mobile

Phone

Search for Resources

Website Website Reading Room

Notes & Copies Catalog Website

Check Reading Room Hours

Get Directions

Review Resources

Continue Research

Librarian

Make Copies

Take Notes

Ask for Help

Read & Synthesize

Request Assistance

Ask a Librarian

82

1 2 3

Roadmap

83

Interfaces •  Portal •  Search •  Object •  Set •  Page

Caveats •  Visual Design •  Starting Point

Wireframes

The Gettysburg Address2010, CollectionOf the five known manuscript copies of the Gettysburg Address, the Libraryof Congress has two. President Lincoln gave one of these to ...

Gettysburg Address: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual ...2009, CollectionGettysburg Address: Primary Documents of American History (VirtualServices and Programs, Digital Reference Section, Library of Congress)

Images for gettysburg

Story of the Gettysburg address1969, Book, by Kenneth Richards, illustrated by Tom DunningtonTraces the events which led to the Battle of Gettysburg in 1864 and describes the dedication of the cemetery to the fallen soldiers by ...

First Draft of Gettysburg Address (Nicolay Copy)1863, Manucript (Image)Top Treasure (First Draft of Gettysburg Address). Seen here is the earliestknown of the five drafts of what may be the most famous ...

Raymond Massey reading Lincoln's Gettysburg Address1935, Non-Music Recording (Audio), performed by Raymond MasseyLinguaphone 76743/744 (78A). 1 sound disc : 78 rpm, mono ; 10-inch, standard (shellac).

Transcript of the HayDraft - The Gettysburg Address (Library of ...2010, CollectionPlease note that the Nicolay and Hay versions of the Gettysburg Addressdiffer somewhat from the generally printed Bliss version.) ...

Today in History: November 192010, CollectionOn November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered a short speechat the close of ceremonies dedicating the battlefield cemetery ...

Gettysburg--A battlefield tour1988, Moving Image or Slide/Transparency (Video), produced by Finley ...On November 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered a short speechat the close of ceremonies dedicating the battlefield cemetery ...

Preservation of Lincoln's Two Drafts - The Gettysburg Address ...2008, SetIn order to assure the long-term preservation of the two drafts of Lincoln'sGettysburg Address in the Library of Congress collections ...

The Gettysburg campaign; a study in command.1968, Book, by Edwin B. Coddingtonxviii, 866 p. illus., facsim., plans, ports. 24 cm.Look Inside: Page: 1, 2, 5, View All

The LOC.GOV Wise Guide : Turning Point of the Civil War ...2007, CollectionThe battle of Gettysburg (July 1-3, 1863) is considered the turning point ofthe Civil War. Gen. Robert E. Lee's defeat by the Army of the ...

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The Gettysburg AddressMultimedia exhibition featuring the key documents linked to Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.The Abraham Lincoln PapersRoughly 20,000 documents including an online collection of 61,000 images and 10,000 transcriptions.The Gettysburg Address (Web Guide)Online guide to primary documents. Includes selected bibliography and links to external web sites.

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Penn[sylvania] on the picket line1917, Photograph (Image)A mix of letters, telegrams, and sample advertisements from various sources sent to the White House regarding the use of President ...

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About Title: Meade School, Gettysburg

Author/Creator: Bain News Service publisher

Date Created/Published: [between 1900 and 1906]

Medium: 1 negative : glass ; 5 x 7 in. or smaller.

Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ggbain-13836 (digital file from original negative)

Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on publication.

Call Number: LC-B2- 2789-5 [P&P]

Notes:Title from data provided by the Bain News Service on the negative. Date from similar Detroit

Publishing Co. negative: LC-D4-16-16583.

On negative: Meade Sq., Gettysburg.

Forms part of: George Grantham Bain Collection (Library of Congress).

General information about the Bain Collection is available at http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.ggbain

Temp. note: Batch three loaded.

Subjects:Gettysburg

Format, Original:Glass negatives

Format, Online:Image (2592 x 1936)

Collections:Bain Collection, Civil War Soliders

Bookmark This Record: http://loc.gov/pictures/item/ggb2005013836

View the MARC Record for this item.

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rjones0856 says:

This says "Meade School" at lower left. It's the Meade High School in Gettysburg, which opened in 1897. I don't know if it's still in use.

Posted 9 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this comment helpful? Report this

BobMeade says:

This building is certainly still there, as this Google maps aerial view shows at the intersection of Springs Aveneu and Buford Avenue: maps.google.com.au/maps?f=q&source=s_q& hl=en&...

Posted 8 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this reply helpful? Report this

Anne (LOC P&P) says:

Thanks for your comments. We'll incorporate the date and other info. noticed on the neg. next time we update.

Posted 7 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this reply helpful? Report this

Pixel Wrangler says:

Meade School was named to honor General George Gordon Meade who directed the Union army in one of its greatest battles, defeating Confederate General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Gettysburg.

The monument at the left of the photograph (above) is the 26th Pennsylvania Emergency Infantry Monument. A monument to General Meade is located at the nearby battlefield:

"Gen. Meade - Gettysburg (LOC)" by William H. Tipton

Posted 7 months ago. ( permalink ) Was this comment helpful? Report this

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Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921-1929

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About the Collection Prosperity and Thrift: The Coolidge Era and the Consumer Economy, 1921-1929 assembles a wide array of Library of Congress source materials from the 1920s that document the widespread prosperity of the Coolidge years, the nation's transition to a mass consumer economy, and the role of government in this transition. The collection includes... Read more

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Calvin Coolidge Papers. Advertisement Exploitation1923-1928, SetA mix of letters, telegrams, and sample advertisements from various sources sent to the White House regarding the use of President ...

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Projects 1.  National Library (loc.gov) 2.  Legislative (congress.gov) 3.  Copyright (copyright.gov)

Discovery •  Users •  Stakeholders •  Content & Context

Deliverables •  Web Strategy •  Information Architecture •  Roadmap

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Working Groups •  Search •  Content •  Metadata •  Governance

Timeline •  Evaluation (3 months, 2009) •  Web Strategy (3 months, 2010) •  IA (12 months, 2011) •  Design/Build (ongoing, 2011-)

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Strengths •  Fast, easy, familiar •  Cross-disciplinary searching •  Links to citing and related articles

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Develop a universal search and discovery service that improves access to local and remote sources from multiple points of origin.

•  User Interface (usability AND information literacy).

•  Platform (multi-level, embeddable search widget, API).

•  Technology (customize, interoperable, open source).

•  Roadmap (search, content, metadata, governance).

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152 Source: Subject to Change (2008)

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155

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157

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158

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160

“After a half-hour, a three-tone alert sounds…If the bottle still has not been opened, the system makes an automated reminder phone call to the patient or a caregiver. The GlowCap system compiles adherence data which anyone can be authorized to track. That way the doctor can make sure Gramps stays on his meds.”

162

find·a·bil·i·ty n

The quality of being locatable or navigable.

The degree to which an object is easy to discover or locate.

The degree to which a system or environment supports wayfinding, navigation, and retrieval.

am·bi·ent adj

Surrounding; encircling; enveloping (e.g., ambient air)

the ability to find anyone or anything from anywhere at anytime

163

David Rose ambientdevices.com

165

BrainPort

Camera in glasses captures video.

Image recreated on grid of 400 electrodes.

User feels the shape on the tongue.

Brain learns to see through the tongue.

172

Product Packaging Print Catalog Call Center Website Blog Facebook Twitter YouTube Email Direct Mail Radio Television

Channel Web Social Media Email Messaging Telephone Print

Platform Web iOS Android Mac OS X MS Windows

Device Desktop Laptop Mobile Tablet Television Kiosk

Scale Covert Mobile Personal Environmental Architectural Urban

Media Book Newspaper Magazine Video Audio Poster Billboard

Context Home Work Walking Driving Shopping Plane Party Personal Social Location Time Task

http://findability.org/archives/000652.php

175 Adapted from Cross-Platform Service User Experience

portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1851637

SERVICE

Multi-Channel Cross-Channel

+ +

SERVICE

176

Today’s “service systems” may include interrelated sub-systems (e.g., person-to-person, self-service) across multiple locations, devices, and channels; and customer satisfaction is “influenced by the extent of integration and consistency” across those channels.

Bridging the “Front Stage” and “Back Stage” in Service System Design by Robert J. Glushko and Lindsay Tabas

177

Craft beautiful designs that deliver a quality experience to your users no matter how large (or small) their display.

1.  Fluid Grids 2.  Flexible Images 3.  Media Queries

179

Why Separate Mobile & Desktop Web Pages at Bagcheck? With a dual template system, we were able to optimize:

1.  Source Order 2.  Media (Speed, Quality, Interaction) 3.  URL Structure 4.  Application Design

Navigation at Bottom

Navigation at Top

180 Source: Mobile First (2011) by Luke Wroblewski

Mobile

181 Source: Mobile First (2011) by Luke Wroblewski

Transmedia Design by Jakob Nielsen http://www.useit.com/alertbox/3-screens-transmedia.html

“The highest-value use will stay predominantly on desktop.”

“Most companies must support both device classes …with separate UI designs.” 184

PC Big Screens Better Input Devices Faster Bandwidth Hardware Oomph Software Maturity Printing

Mobile “The best computer is the one you have with you.”

185

To make the right decisions about composition and

consistency, you need a cross-channel strategy.

186

Email StoreWeb Catalog Phone

Content Creators

187

Over 50% of REI online business is picked up in a store.

Barcode Identifies a Product (e.g. Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes 14 oz.)

QR Code Initiates a Response (e.g., URL, Message, Phone, SMS, Email)

190

192

Price Check Product Detail Endless Aisle

193

Continuity

194

Conflict

195

Context

199

Source: delightability.com

200

Mental Models

http://www.rosenfeldmedia.com/books/mental-models/

Tasks

Features

Marathon

202 Triathlon

Cross-Channel We must leave our

comfort zones, cross-train, and collaborate.

203

What is Information Architecture?

http://www.maya.com/the-feed/what-is-information-architecture

http://is.gd/iaprezi

206

Peter Morville [email protected]

Understanding IA (Prezi) http://is.gd/iaprezi

Blog http://findability.org/

Twitter @morville

Information Architecture Workshop

Design

Transcript of Information Architecture Workshop