Infectious Dieases

8/8/2019 Infectious Dieases

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INFECTIOUSDISEASES



Infectious Diseases

Many infectious diseases have r e-emerged with a vengeance.

The loss of effective control over diseases, such as

malaria and tuber culosis, have led to a r etur n of these

diseases.

Other diseases include the ones hither to unknown to

science:Acute Immuno-Depr essive Syndrome(AIDS) &

Sever eAcute R es pir ator y Syndrome(SARS)



A microscopic view of a disease causing

germ.



Cycle of Infectious diseases



Comeback of infectious

diseases

The infectious diseases such as tuber culosis had been

pr evented long bef or e, but they made a come back.

Due to natur al evolutionar y process, the bacteria mutated

with the use of antibodies by cr eating new genetically

modif ied str ains.

These str ains which ar en¶t affected by usual antibodies

begin to s pr ead r apidly, leading to a r e-emergence of the

disease.



In the case of tuber culosis, this has led to multi-drug

r esistant tuber culosis.

This is f r equently r elated to HIV[Human Immunodef iciency

Virus], which r educes an individual¶s immunity to bacteria,

such as mycobacterium tuberculosis that causes

tuber culosis.



A microscopic view of

mycobacterium tuberculosis



The above chart is of a stud y

conducted in the U.S. of A .



One of the

gr avest diseases to

stage a

come back:



Worldwide effects oftuberculosis

TB k ills approx. 2 million

peo ple/yr .

In India, the disease has r e-

emerged and is now mor e

diff icult to tr eat.

WHO declar ed TB as a global

emergency in 1993.



Worldwide effects oftuberculosis

It is estimated that between 2002 to 2020, approx. 1000

million peo ple will be newly infected, over 15o million

peo ple will get sick , and 36 million will die of TB if its

control is not r apidly str engthened.



Some facts about TB

Nearly 1% of the world¶s po pulation is newly affected with

TB each year . It is estimated that over all, one-

third of the world¶s po pulation islikely to be infected with the tuber culosis bacillus at some point in time.

5-10% of the peo ple who ar e infected with TB ( but who ar e not infected with HIV) become sick of infectious at some point of time during their life (WHO,2002).



Some facts about TB

TB k ills a bout 2 million peo ple each year (including

persons infected with HIV). About 2 million TB cases/yr . occur in sub-Sahar anAf rica.

This num ber is rising r apidly as a r esult of the HIV/AIDS

epidemic.

Around 3 million TB cases/yr . occur in the South-east Asia.

Over a quar ter of a million TB cases/yr . occur in Easter n

Euro pe.



Tuberculosis in India

Ther e ar e 14 million TB patients in India, accounting f or

one-third of the global cases of TB.

Ever yday, 20,000 Indians contr act TB and mor e than

1,000 die due to this chronic illness.

TB attack s wor k ing adults in the age grou p of 15-50

years.



TB data of India



One of the various progr ams r egarding awar eness of TB

Above, the logo of HALT TB in the U.S. of A



The infectious diseases have thr eatened our ver y own

existence now.

We need to take some serious measur es against them

We can no mor e aff ord to tur n a deaf ear to the alar ming

r ate at which these diseases ar e growing and affecting us.

The f ollowing char t is an example:



The worldwide mortalit y due to

Infectious diseases.



Thus, its us now who

have to take guardagainst such dr eadf ul

diseases in India and

the world too.

Let¶s do this together .

Infectious Dieases

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