Industrialization-Imperialism: 1750-1914

Pgs. 581-588, 596-602,618-628, 647-677

Population of Britain in 1750

6 million

Population of Britain in 1851

21 million

Population of London in 1750

500,000

Population of London in 1851

3 million

Families in agriculture in 1750

65% of population

Families in agriculture in 1851

25% of population

Changing Economy in Britain- 1750-1850

What was the industrial revolution?Industrial Revolution: the totality of the changes

in economic and social organization that began about 1760 in England and later in other countries, characterized chiefly by the replacement of hand tools with power-driven machines and by the concentration of industry in large establishments. Actually, there

were two industrial revolutions:

1760s-1850 (England)

1860s-1920s (USA)

Agricultural Revolution

To

Industrial Revolution

To

Information Revolution (?)

For each of the following eight images you view, analyze the following with your group:

1.Describe what is in the picture.

2.What is the point of view of the author? What is the purpose? i.e. what is it trying to show?

Other groups, be prepared to build off

ideas of initial group.

As always, we should ask:

WHY NOW? (1750s)

Factors That Allowed For Industrialization- pg. 582

Factors That Allowed For Industrialization1). Better Farming Practices more people fed at lower

prices & with less labor people could buy other goods

2) Abundant Food Supply Larger population- provides a large labor force to work in factories

3) Supply of capital ($) investing in new machines and factories; Entrepreneurs: trying to

find new ways to make $$

4) Abundance of natural resources transporting raw materials and products quicker

5) Supply of markets to sell to more people could sell more goods in more

places

Cottage Industry

Spinning jenny

Water Powered Loom

British Textile Mill

Replica of the Rocket- 1829

The Industrial Revolution: A Review

What was it?!

1.Emphasis on production (labor intensive or produced by machines)2.Shift towards urbanization3.New inventions and technological innovations 4.#3 contributes to changes in lifestyle5.#3 contributes to changes in work6.Introduction of wage laborer (person selling labor as a commodity)7.Need for reform in workplace8.Spread of capitalism throughout the world9.Need for raw materials to manufacture- transforms economy10.Environmental catastrophe from production, consumption

At its most foundational base:

1)What is the purpose of technology?

2)What are the drawbacks of the purpose of technology?

3)What are the advantages of the purpose of technology?

How do mass produced- as opposed to

individually made- items change 18th century society?

Compare to Today:How does the “digital world”

and its inventions change society?

How does transportation change 18th century society?

Consider—

-Living conditions

-Geography

-Economy

-Diet

-Other???

As this is a unit examining

science/technology & its impact on society:

What do you think was the most influential invention of the past

century?1900-2000

Why?

In a group, select what you think to be the most influential/important invention of the 20th century.

Get “Mr. Schaefer’s Approval” once your group comes to a consensus.

Answer the questions and be prepared to defend your invention.

Vacuum Cleaner, 1901

Disposable razor blades, 1909

Powered, Controlled Airplane, 1903

Parachute, 1913

Liquid Fuel Rocket, 1914

Electronic Television, 1923

Sliced bread, 1928

Antibiotics, 1928

Ballpoint Pen, 1938

Slinky, 1945

Microwave Oven, 1945

Integrated Circuit (micro chip), 1958

Laser, 1960

Video Game Console, 1968

ARPANET, 1969Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) developed by DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) of the United States Department of Defense. It was the world's first operational packet switching network originally used for countermeasures in the event of nuclear attack by the commies. Today we know it as the Internet.

Rubik's Cube, 1974

Mobile Phone, 1977

Compact Disc, 1980

Global Positioning System, 1993

Industrialization:

Are machines beginning to replace “the man?”

Psychological implications of mechanization:

Engraving of a rioting mob of Luddites, British workers who were opposed to increasing mechanization of jobs, as depicted by 19th Cent. illustrator Phiz (aka Hablot Knight Browne). United Kingdom, 1813

Fourteen Luddites were hanged by 1813 & more were transported to Australia as thousands of people were fined. The severe disturbances died down, and the troops were gradually withdrawn, but machine-breaking continued until 1817.

Urbanization: process of moving from the countryside to the city

Cripples in the Yard of

the Children's Home in London

A later 19th century image, this painting depicts women factory workers at rest rather than at the laborious tasks of the cotton mills. As the conventional trends of the time dictated, pictorial painted images needed to be easy for the eye as well as the conscience. Although not within their place of work and pictured outside the walls of the cotton mills, the mill girls themselves appears to portray the Victorian sentimentality of the workplace and a middle class sensibility of rest. No evidence of hard work is portrayed, and the reference to the working class is illustrated through the women' s poses (classical and relaxed), cleanliness, simple garments, hair netting and bare feet. A sense of camaraderie is portrayed through the placement of the young women in pairs.

The solid, angular and austere factory buildings in the background serve as a backdrop for this image. They appear impenetrable, with their windows darker still. The smoking chimneys give evidence to the technology of the steam engines that power the speedy looms, but no evidence is given to the conditions inside the workplace save for the netting on the girls' hair (pictured as a reference to the danger of accidents to the hair.)

Perhaps the most obscure image is the most important. The tiny central image of a dark and silhouetted man serves as the centre of the young women's universe. The mill owner is the figure around which their life depends and is focused. The action of the painting illustrates this as well.

Source: umassd.edu

http://www.grove-park.kent.sch.uk/default.cfm?pid=2384