Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado...
Transcript of Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado...
![Page 2: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
General Life Cycle of Flies
Eggs
Larva (maggot)
Pupa (puparia)
AdultThere are
typically 3 larval
stages.
The last one will
normally wander
from the food
source.
![Page 3: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
“Big Flies”
![Page 4: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Blow Flies Diptera: Calliphoridae
![Page 5: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Blue bottle flies Green bottle flies
Black blow fly
Common Scavenging Species of Blow Flies
![Page 6: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Most blow flies develop on carrion
(animal manure may be another breeding material for some species))
![Page 7: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Green bottle flies often are associated with animal feces
but may develop in carrion
![Page 8: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Maggots crawling
in the home?
Likely source is a dead animal behind a wall or
elsewhere in the home
![Page 9: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
If animals die within a
building, blow flies will
often find them
This may be followed by
wandering maggots, later lots of
adult flies in the building
![Page 10: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The last stage larva, when it has finished
feeding, will usually wander from the food
source
![Page 11: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Garbage in Dumpster
– How quickly could
flies develop in this
source?
![Page 12: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Eggs
Larva (maggot)
Pupa (puparia)
AdultCritical concern: How
long between when eggs
are laid until full-grown
larvae migrate to sites
for pupation?
![Page 13: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Garbage in
Dumpster – How
quickly could flies
develop in this
source?
Assumption: Temperatures during the day are warm
enough for adult flies to be active (above 50F) and
lay eggs
Assumption: Temperature in the pile is at 72F
![Page 14: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Insects are cold-blooded, and their rate of development
depends on the temperature around them.
This is a table of how long it would take – in hours – for 3
common kinds of flies to develop if the temperature averaged
22C/71.6F
![Page 15: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Interval between egg
laying and end of 3rd
instar (at 71.6 degrees F)
Sarcophagid fly – 3.75 days
Blue bottle fly – 6.4 days
Black blow fly – 3.6 days
![Page 16: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Development (hours) of Lucilia
sericata at different temperatures
![Page 17: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Period of time between egg laying and
wandering larvae of the green bottle fly
• Average temperature 59F– Egg-wandering 155 hours
– Period of wandering <167 hours
• Average temperature 68F– Egg-wandering 79 hours
– Period of wandering <84 hours
• Average temperature 77F– Egg-wandering 52 hours
– Period of wandering <56 hours
![Page 18: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Control of Blow Flies in the Home
• Eliminate breeding sites in and
around the building
• Seal/Screen to exclude flies
originating from outdoors
• Traps?
![Page 19: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Fly Traps for Blow Flies?
– Attractive to adults, yes.
Help with overall control -
maybe, maybe not.
![Page 20: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sticky Fly Traps?
May capture some
flies, particularly house
flies, if placed in
location where flies
congregate
![Page 21: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Blow flies in
homes in
winter months
Cluster flies
Blue bottle flies
![Page 22: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cluster FliesPollenia spp.
The most common indoor flies
during the cool months
![Page 23: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Curly golden hairs mark
cluster flies
![Page 24: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Cluster flies are parasites of
earthworms – they are not
‘filth flies’
![Page 25: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cluster fly searching for a site to lay eggs
![Page 26: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Cluster fly larvae
and worm host
![Page 27: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
There are three common species of cluster
flies found within homes in Colorado
• Pollenia pediculata
• Pollenia rudis
• Pollenia angustigena
![Page 28: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Scenario for Cluster Fly
Invasion of a Building
• Flies move to sunlit
vertical surfaces during
period when seeking
winter shelter
• Flies move upward as sun
sets
• Flies enter upper areas of
building, cluster behind
walls
![Page 29: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Management of Cluster Flies
• Prevention
–Seal all openings prior to time
when cluster flies enter buildings
–Pyrethroid insecticides can be
applied to exterior around
openings
–Insecticide dusts can be blown
into wall voids to kill flies behind
walls.
![Page 30: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Management of Cluster Flies
• Coping
–Explain nature of problem
• Transient nuisance invader
• Self-limiting; no breeding occurs
indoors
• Not a filth fly
–Vacuum individuals as they are
observed
![Page 31: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Fly Traps for Cluster Flies?
– They are not responsive
to fly trap lures
![Page 32: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Sticky Fly Traps?
May capture some
flies, if placed in
location where flies
congregate
![Page 33: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
“Medium-Sized Flies”
![Page 34: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
House Fly (Musca domestica)
![Page 35: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
House flies
breed in many
materials but
decaying
vegetable/fruit
material is
favored
![Page 36: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Little
house fly
Fannia canicularis
Little house fly – and some closely related flies – develop
primarily on animal waste. Some are particularly noted to be
associated with poultry waste.
![Page 37: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Small dung flies/
Sphaerocerid flies
May develop at sites
where large amounts of
moist decaying organic
matter is present
Small dung
flies on a dime
![Page 38: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Sticky Fly Traps?
May capture some
flies, particularly house
flies, if placed in
location where flies
congregate
![Page 39: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Ceroxys latiusculus – A
picture-winged fly that
commonly enters
buildings in autumn
![Page 40: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
This one
was on the
inside of my
front door
on Sunday
![Page 41: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Ceroxys latiusculus – A
picture-winged fly that
commonly enters
buildings in autumn
Larvae develop in plants
of the genus Senecio
![Page 42: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
“Small Flies”
Humpbacked flies
Fungus gnats
Vinegar flies/Small fruit flies
Moth flies
![Page 43: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Vinegar/Small Fruit Flies
Diptera: Drosophilidae
![Page 44: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Small fruit flies
attracted to an
overripe peach
![Page 45: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Small fruit fly larvae developing in overripe peach
![Page 46: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Postscript: Unfortunately fact checking
indicates that Groucho Mrax was not the first
person to use this phrase – and may never
have said it.
Developing small fruit flies/vinegar flies in an overripe banana
![Page 47: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Vinegar fly larvae develop
on yeasts that grow on
overripe fruit or in other
sources of damp vegetable
matter
![Page 48: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Residue in containers,
such as those kept for
recycling, can support
larvae of small fruit flies
![Page 49: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Control of Small Fruit Flies/Vinegar
Flies in the Home
• Eliminate all sources of breeding
material
– Remove, promptly consume or refrigerate
all susceptible fruits
– Clean out any residues that may allow
yeasts to grow
• Trap out residual adults
![Page 50: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
A simple vinegar
(“fruit”) fly trap
Note: Adults may live close to
a month, so trapping and
exclusion must be sustained
for weeks
![Page 51: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Fungus Gnats
Diptera: Mycetophilidae,
![Page 52: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Adult fungus gnats are
small with a gnat-like
body form
They are weak fliers
that make short,
skipping flights
![Page 53: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Eggs
Larvae
Pupae
Adult
Photos and graphic courtesy of Raymond Cloyd, Kansas State University
![Page 54: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Adult fungus gnats
usually live for only 4-
5 days. Females lay
eggs in soil cracks
along surface.
![Page 55: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Fungus gnat larvae
require 3-4 weeks or more
before being full grown.
They primarily eat fungi
and decaying plant
matter.
![Page 56: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Fungus gnat larva on a potato slice
![Page 57: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Fungus Gnat – Cultural
Controls
• Reduce watering frequency
• Eliminate sources of decaying
vegetation
![Page 58: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Larvae of fungus
gnats feed primarily
on fungi.
Potting soil that
remains moist is most
favorable to fungus
gnats.
![Page 59: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Biological Controls for Fungus
Gnat Larvae
• Soil predator mite (Stratiolaelaps
scimitus)
• Entomopathogenic nematodes
(Steinernema feltiae)
• Bacillus thuringiensis var.
israelensis (Bti)
![Page 60: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Several strains of Bt are sold. Each is
specific in the type of insect it can
control- kurstaki, aizawi strains (leaf feeding Lepidoptera
larvae
- tenebrionis strain (leaf beetles)
- israelensis strain (mosquito, gnat, black fly larvae)
![Page 61: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Mosquito bits label has been changed to now allow
use for fungus gnats in house plants
![Page 62: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Psychodidae
Drain Flies/
Moth Flies
Associated with
bacterial slime
coating surfaces of
drains in buildings.
![Page 63: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Larvae of the moth
flies are associated
with bacterial slime
coating surfaces of
drains/plumbing.
They are also called
filter flies, as they
can become very
abundant in water
filter beds.
![Page 64: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Humpbacked flies aka drain flies,
phorid flies
Diptera:
Phoridae
![Page 65: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Larvae of
humpbacked flies
live in moist,
semi-solid media.
This can occur in
drains, or
sometimes
occurs when
there has been a
break in
plumbing.
![Page 66: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Control of Drain Flies
• Identify source of origin• Clean drains in a manner that eliminates food sources
– Cleaning must remove all debris, surface film of bacterial
slime
• Normal drain cleaners insufficient
• Drain cleaners that foam, break down debris can be
effectiv
• Scrubbing out drain can be useful
• Fix leaking, cracked plumbing, if necessary
![Page 67: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
A sticky card placed over a drain can determine
if it is the source of the flies
![Page 68: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Control of Drain Flies• Identify source of origin
• Clean drains in a manner that eliminates
food sources
– Cleaning must remove all debris, surface
film of bacterial slime
• Normal drain cleaners insufficient
• Drain cleaners that foam, break down debris can
be effective
• Scrubbing out drain can be useful
• Fix leaking, cracked plumbing, if necessary
![Page 69: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Control of “Drain Flies”• Identify source of origin
• Clean drains in a manner that eliminates food sources
– Cleaning must remove all debris, surface film of
bacterial slime
• Normal drain cleaners insufficient
• Drain cleaners that foam, break down debris can
be effective
• Scrubbing out drain can be useful
• Fix leaking, cracked plumbing, if
necessary
![Page 70: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Humpbacked flies aka drain flies,
phorid flies
Diptera: Phoridae
Small dung fliesSpharerocerid flies
Diptera:
Sphaeroceridae
![Page 71: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Indoor Flies
![Page 72: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Indoor Ants
![Page 73: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Some fundamentals first:
• Metamorphosis pattern
• Castes
– Winged vs. non-winged forms
• Size variations
• The pedicel (one lump - or two?)
![Page 74: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Complete metamorphosis
![Page 75: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Ant Larvae Ant Pupae
![Page 76: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Ant larvae and pupae (within cocoons) tended by workers
![Page 77: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
A Bug’s Life – The Worst Representation
Involving Ants Hollywood has ever produced
![Page 79: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
![Page 81: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Queen
A fully fertile female
Often – but not always - one
per colony
Have wings initially (for
mating flight)
Remove wings after mating
![Page 82: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Field ant workers
![Page 83: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Top: Male
Bottom: Female
Field Ants – Winged
Reproductive
Forms
![Page 84: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Carpenter ant worker
![Page 85: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Winged males and females
Winged
males and
females
![Page 86: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Winged forms (male, queens)
emerge episodically in large
masses for mating flights.
![Page 87: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Soon after mating the males
die and the female ant seeks a
safe location to start a new
colony.
The wings are shed and the
wing muscles help nourish her
during colony establishment.
Hilltopping: Winged males
and females (from many
colonies) aggregate at
prominent points in the
landscape.
![Page 88: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Winged reproductive males and females meet
over prominent points in the landscape
Mating balls of ants
under that tree
![Page 89: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Harvester ants and the ‘hilltopping’ phenomenon
![Page 90: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Harvester ants and
the ‘hilltopping’
phenomenon
1801 California Ave., Denver
(Century Link sign at top)
![Page 91: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Solution? Build a
bigger skyscraper
ant the ants will go
there.
![Page 92: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
In abrupt
episodes,
workers push
the winged
stages from the
colony
After the nuptial
flight the males die
and the females
each try to
establish a new
colony
![Page 93: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Carpenter ant queen without wings (dealate)
![Page 94: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Aluminum cast
of a harvester
ant nest
![Page 95: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Red imported fire ant – a polymorphic species
![Page 96: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Pavement ant –
a monomorphic
species
![Page 97: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Ants and honeydew
![Page 98: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Honeydew production
![Page 99: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
Ants and Aphids
A Mutualistic Relationship
-Aphids provide
food – honeydew
-Ants provide
protection
![Page 100: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Some ant (females) have a functional
stinger and (most) can inject some
type of venom
Ants do not have a barbed stinger
![Page 101: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Ants in the subfamily Formicinae
do not sting
Some will use formic acid or
other chemicals in defense
From the Ammonite production Smalltalk Diaries
![Page 102: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Ants that may occur in a
building in Colorado include:
• Field ants (Formica spp.)
• Carpenter ants (Camponotus spp.)
• Odorous house ant (Tapinema sessile)
• Pavement ant (Tetramorium immigrans)
• Pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis)
![Page 103: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Field Ants – Formica spp.
A common group of ants
outdoors – A temporary
ant found in homes in
early spring
![Page 104: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
Thorax noticeably indented
![Page 105: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
One hump (node) on pedicel
![Page 106: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Field ants –
aka “thatcher
ants”
![Page 107: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
These ants will also collect
honeydew to supplement
their diet
Field ants are predators of
other soft-bodied invertebrates
![Page 108: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
Field ants collecting
aphid honeydew
Field ants collecting
sugary secretion from
peony buds
![Page 109: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
Harbingers of Spring
Robin (left); Field ants
temporarily forage in
homes (below)
![Page 110: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Carpenter ants
![Page 111: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/111.jpg)
Thorax smoothly humped (no indentation)
![Page 112: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/112.jpg)
![Page 113: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/113.jpg)
One hump (node) on pedicel
![Page 114: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/114.jpg)
Most species of carpenter
ants nest in wood.
They do not eat wood.
![Page 115: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/115.jpg)
Carpenter ant tunneling
![Page 116: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/116.jpg)
Expelled sawdust at colony openings
![Page 117: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/117.jpg)
Debris expelled from carpenter ant nest
![Page 118: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/118.jpg)
![Page 119: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/119.jpg)
Carpenter Ants
• Nest in wood
– Produce clean, debris-free galleries
• May produce satellite colonies in
structures
• Feed heavily on honeydew
– Live, dead insects are other common
foods
• Are primarily night active
![Page 120: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/120.jpg)
Odorous
house ant
![Page 121: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/121.jpg)
Odorous house ant
• Medium sized (1/8-1/10 inch/2.4-3.3 mm)
– Monomorphic
• One node on pedicel, but flattened and
concealed
![Page 122: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/122.jpg)
Odorous house ants heavily utilize
honeydew
![Page 123: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/123.jpg)
Mulches provide favorable nest sites for odorous
house ants
![Page 124: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/124.jpg)
![Page 125: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/125.jpg)
Myrmicine Ants
• Possess stinger
• Pedicel is two-humped (two nodes)
• Examples
– Pavement ant
– Pharaoh ant
– Fire ants
– Harvester ants
![Page 126: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/126.jpg)
![Page 127: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/127.jpg)
Pavement ant –
a monomorphic
species
![Page 128: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
Two humps (nodes) on pedicel
![Page 129: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
Grooves on head
![Page 130: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/130.jpg)
Nests are shallow and usually under rocks,
pavement or similar cover
![Page 131: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/131.jpg)
Flickers feed
heavily on
pavement ants
![Page 132: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/132.jpg)
Pavement ant
raids are
common
![Page 133: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/133.jpg)
Video by Eunice Bembissa,
Spring 2017
Raiding events by pavement
ants can be commonly
observed, as colonies define
boundaries
![Page 134: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/134.jpg)
Sweets, oils, and protein-rich foods may
alternately be favored by pavement ants
![Page 135: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/135.jpg)
Sausage shrine
produced by ants
(pavement ants?)
Interesting oddity!
![Page 136: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/136.jpg)
This was not a funeral honoring the bee. The ants were
surrounding it with available debris to hide it – so they could cut
it up among themselves and bring it back to their nest for food!
![Page 137: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/137.jpg)
Pharaoh ants are extremely
small (2 mm)
Nests are small, often located
in small cavities, and often
include scattered secondary
(satellite) nests
Pharaoh ant nest in an
electrical switch mechanism
Pharoah ant – the smallest of the household ants
![Page 138: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/138.jpg)
Control of Ants in the Home
• Eliminate food resources
• Eliminate water resources
• Bait to reduce colony size
• Seal/caulk entry points
• Sprays?
![Page 139: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/139.jpg)
Eliminate Sources
of Water
![Page 140: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/140.jpg)
Eliminate
Alternate Sources
of Food
![Page 141: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/141.jpg)
Pavement ants
working within my
home over the
past few weeks
Food source:
Honeydew produced
by soft scales and
mealybugs on my
houseplants
![Page 142: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/142.jpg)
Baiting for Ants
![Page 143: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/143.jpg)
Fundamentals of Ant Baiting
• Match bait to feeding habits of
target ant species
• Use slow-acting toxicant
• Remove alternate food sources
• Place bait near foragers
• Maintain bait quality
• Replenish baits as needed
![Page 144: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/144.jpg)
Fundamentals of Ant Baiting
• Match bait to feeding habits
of target ant species• Use slow-acting toxicant
• Remove alternate food sources
• Place bait near foragers
• Maintain bait quality
• Replenish baits as needed
![Page 145: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/145.jpg)
Other Food Preferences
• Oily materials– Pharaoh ant
– Pavement ant (often)
• Sweet materials– Field ant
– Carpenter ants
– Odorous house ants
– Pavement ants (sometimes)
![Page 146: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/146.jpg)
![Page 147: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/147.jpg)
![Page 148: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/148.jpg)
Fundamentals of Ant Baiting
• Match bait to feeding habits of target ant species
• Use slow-acting toxicant– Boric acid
– Hydramethylnon
– Indoxcarb
– Fipronil• Remove alternate food sources
• Place bait near foragers
• Maintain bait quality
• Replenish baits as needed
![Page 149: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/149.jpg)
Borax or
Boric Acid
based baits
![Page 150: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/150.jpg)
Borates used for
wood protection
Boric acid used for ant
and cockroach control
Primary uses of
boron–based
insecticides
![Page 151: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/151.jpg)
Hydramethylnon– an insect growth
regulator type of
insecticide
![Page 152: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/152.jpg)
A hydramethylon
product used on
ants outdoors
![Page 153: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/153.jpg)
Fipronil
![Page 154: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/154.jpg)
Carpenter Ant Baits
• Special baits are designed for these
type of ants
– Must be liquid or moist gel
– Sugar based
![Page 155: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/155.jpg)
Fundamentals of Ant Baiting
• Match bait to feeding habits of target ant species
• Use slow-acting toxicant
• Remove alternate food sources• Place bait near foragers
• Maintain bait quality
• Replenish baits as needed
Note: Once you have removed
alternate food/water sources and set
out the baits – leave the ants alone.
You want them to visit the bait
undisturbed – that is the point.
![Page 156: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/156.jpg)
Fundamentals of Ant Baiting
• Match bait to feeding habits of target
ant species
• Use slow-acting toxicant
• Remove alternate food sources
• Place bait near foragers
• Maintain bait quality
• Replenish baits as
needed
![Page 157: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/157.jpg)
Boric acid can be used as a
tracking powder
Boric acid is picked up and returned to the
colony – similar effects of baiting.
![Page 158: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/158.jpg)
Eliminate entry
points used by
ants
![Page 159: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/159.jpg)
Use multiple approaches to eliminate
ants from a home
![Page 160: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/160.jpg)
Effectiveness of sprays indoors for ant control?
Mostly a supplement to other primary methods.
![Page 161: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/161.jpg)
Control of Ants in the Home
• Eliminate food resources
• Eliminate water resources
• Bait to reduce colony size
• Seal/caulk entry points
• Sprays?
![Page 162: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/162.jpg)
Unrelated End Note
Moth (filter) flies are flies,
but they look like tiny moths
The multiplume moth is a moth
that doesn’t look like any other
kind of moth
![Page 163: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/163.jpg)
Multiplume mothAlucita montana
• A fairly common nuisance
invader of homes in upper
elevation, forested sites of
the state.
• Larvae develop as a
leafminer, feeding on
snowberry
![Page 165: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/165.jpg)
This presentation will be posted at the Colorado
State Insect Information Website
• Housed at Department of Agricultural Biology
• Within “Entomology”
• “Insect Information”
– Extension presentations are posted at the bottom of the
page, most recent at end
![Page 166: Indoor Flies and Ants - Colorado State University...Indoor Flies and Ants Whitney Cranshaw Colorado State University whitney.cranshaw@colostate.edu. ... •Prevention –Seal all openings](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022063000/5f101b057e708231d44778f4/html5/thumbnails/166.jpg)
Top of the
Colorado State
Insect
Information
Website
Bottom of the
Website page
About 200 fact sheets on
Colorado “Bugs” linked
here
This presentation will be
found here