Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013 -...
Transcript of Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013 -...
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Indian Minerals Yearbook 2013
(Part- II : Metals & Alloys)
52nd Edition
FERRO-ALLOYS
(ADVANCE RELEASE)
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF MINES
INDIAN BUREAU OF MINES
Indira Bhavan, Civil Lines, NAGPUR 440 001
PHONE/FAX NO. (0712) 2565471
PBX : (0712) 2562649, 2560544, 2560648 E-MAIL : [email protected]
Website: www.ibm.gov.in
December, 2014
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Ferro-alloys are one of the important inputsin the manufacture of alloys and specialsteel. Ferro-alloys impart special properties tosteel. The alloys provide increased resistance tocor ros ion , improves hardness and tens i lestrength at high temperature, gives wear andabrasion resistance and increases creep strengthetc. The growth of Ferro-alloys Industry is, thus,linked with the development of the Iron and SteelIndustry, Foundry Industry and to some extentElectrode Industry. The principal ferro-alloysare chromium, manganese and silicon. Theproduc t se r ies cons i s t s main ly o f fe r ro-manganese, silico-manganese, ferro-silicon andferro-chrome.
Ferro-alloys are classified into two maincategories, viz, bulk ferro-alloys and nobleferro- alloys. Due to high cost of power, Ferro-alloys Industry has not been oprating to its fullcapacity in India. Ferro-alloys Industry spends 40to 70% production cost on power consumption.The power consumption per tonne of ferro-alloys production in the country varied from3,000 to 12,000 kWh.
At present, major portion of the ferro-alloysproduced is exported. Ferro-manganese, silico-manganese, ferro-silicon, high carbon ferro-chrome and charge-chrome are exported aftermeeting the domestic requirements. India hassufficient raw materials of good quality, highly-skil led technical manpower and the latestequipment technology for production of ferro-alloys.
INDUSTRY, PRODUCTION,DEVELOPMENT AND
CONSUMPTIONAs per Indian Ferro-Alloys Producers '
Association (IFAPA), the total installed capacityof bu lk fe r ro -a l loys Indus t ry in Ind ia i sestimated at 5.15 million tonnes per annum andfor noble ferro-alloys it is 50,000 tonnes perannum. The Industry is reported to be working atabout 60-65% capacity utilisation.The details aregiven in Table -1.
6 Ferro-alloys
Table 1 : Capacity of Ferro-alloys
Industry in India
(In tonnes per annum)
Ferro-alloy Installed
capacity
Total 5150000
Bulk Ferro-alloys: 5100000
Manganese alloys 3160000
Chrome alloys 1690000
Ferro-silicon 250000
Noble Ferro-alloys: 50000
Source:Indian Ferro-Alloys Producers' Association (IFAPA),
Mumbai.
The Ferro-alloys Industry was established as
an ancillary industry to cater to the growing
needs of the domestic Steel Industry and is
spread all over the country. Most of the ferro-
alloys units have been set up in Andhra Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and West Bengal
because of availabili ty of the raw material .
Recently, the Industry has further spread to the
North-Eastern Region of India. In Meghalaya, a
number of small units producing ferro-silicon
and ferro-silico-manganese have come up. The
production of various ferro-alloys, as reported
by IFAPA is given in Table-2.
The ferro-alloys units have incorporated
the la test technology in order to use non-
meta l lu rg ica l g rade ores , bo th lumps and
f ines , a f te r necessary benef ic ia t ion and
agglomeration. The units have also incorporated
an ef fec t ive pol lu t ion cont ro l measures in
the form of gas cleaning, deoxidising and waste
heat recovery.
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FERRO-ALLOYS
BULK FERRO-ALLOYS
Bulk ferro-alloys consist of principal alloys,
viz, ferro-manganese, silico-manganese, ferro-
chrome, charge-chrome and ferro-silicon.The
production of different kind of ferro-alloys were
not received from IFAPA as well as from other
sources. Hence could not be updated inTable-2.
However, the data received from JPC for some
of the ferro-alloys as well as partial coverage
f rom fe r ro-a l loys have been publ i shed in
Month ly S ta t i s t i cs o f Minera l Produc t ion
(MSMP) - March,2013 is being reproduced in
Table-2 (A). It is to be noted that the data
coverage in Table-2 (A) is partial and does not
reflect the actual production of ferro-alloys.
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Production of Bulk Ferro-Alloys2006-07 to 2011-12
Fe-Mn Si-Mn Fe-Cr * Fe-Si
* Including charge chrome
Table 2 : Production of Ferro-alloys, 2009-10 to 2011-12(In tonnes)
Ferro-alloy 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
Total (A) + (B) 2493633 2796913 3000397
A) Bulk Ferro-alloys 2462775 2762918 2958784
HC Ferro-manganese 341883 388079 427415
MC Ferro-manganese 8222 7625 12386
LC Ferro-manganese 6018 6313 6932
Silico-manganese 1066485 1193874 1418844
MC Silico-manganese 24108 24068 33662
LC Silico-manganese 25454 24197 25897
Ferro-silicon 97682 115164 127092
HC Ferro-chrome/charge-chrome 890916 1001582 902840
LC Ferro-chrome 2007 2016 3716
B) Noble Ferro-alloys 30858 33995 41613
Ferro-molybdenum 2822 3090 4362
Ferro-vanadium 1389 1521 2459 Ferro-tungsten 150 150 225
Ferro-silico-magnesium 17132 19079 24452
Ferro-aluminium 7017 7538 7393
Ferro-silico-zirconium 120 118 130
Ferro-titanium 1929 2172 2217
Ferro-boron 90 90 103
Ferro-nickel-magnesium 209 237 272
Note: HC: High carbon MC: Medium carbon LC: Low carbonSource: Indian Ferro-Alloys Producers' Association (IFAPA), Mumbai.
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 2 (A) : Production of Ferro-alloys, 2011-12 and 2012-13(In tonnes)
Ferro-alloy 2011-12 2012-13
A) Bulk Ferro-alloys
Ferro-manganese 5 1 7 0 0 0 5 1 8 0 0 0
Silico-manganese 201066 2 3 6 5 4 1
Ferro-silicon 8 9 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0
Ferro-chrome/charge-chrome 9 4 3 0 0 0 9 4 4 0 0 0
B) Noble Ferro-alloys
Ferro-molybdenum 1 0 5 8 1 0 7 6
Ferro-vanadium 6 9 5 7 9 6
Ferro-tungsten NA N A
Ferro-silico-magnesium 1 9 4 9 1 1 9 2 0 5
Ferro-aluminium 5 8 5 0 4 9 3 5
Ferro-silico-zirconium N A N A
Ferro-t i tanium 5 9 4 6 2 9
Ferro-boron 9 2 4 2
Source: Monthly Statistics of Mineral Production (MSMP), IBM. March,2013
Ferro-manganese/Silico-manganeseFerro-manganese is produced as high carbon
ferro-manganese with 72-82% Mn, 6-8% C and1.5% Si, medium carbon ferro-manganese with 74-82% Mn, 1-3% C and 1.5% Si, and lowcarbon ferro-manganese with 80-85% Mn, 0.1-0.7% C and 1-2% Si. Manganese in the form offerro-manganese is added for hardening anddesulphurisation of steel. Nav Bharat FerroAl loys L td , Pa loncha , Andhra Pradesh ;Chha t t i sgarh Elec t r ic i ty Co . L td , Ra ipur,Chhattisgarh; Indsil Energy & Electro ChemicalsLtd , Raipur, Chhat t i sgarh; Ispat Godavar i ,Raigarh, Chhattisgarh; Monet Ispat Ltd, Raipur,Chhattisgarh; Union Ferro, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh;Prakash Indust r ies , Raigarh , Chhat t i sgarh;Tirumala Balaj i Al loys Pvt . Ltd, Raigarh,Chhattisgarh; Vandana Global Ltd, Raipur,Chhattisgarh; SAL Steels Ltd, Gandhidham,Gujarat; Anjaneya Ferro Alloys Ltd, Mihijam,Jharkhand; Gautam Ferro Alloys Ltd, Ramgarh,Jharkhand; Shivam Iron & Steel Co. Pvt. Ltd,Giridih, Jharkhand; Sandur Manganese & Iron
Ores Ltd, Sandur, Karnataka; Indsil ElectromeltLtd, Palakkad, Kerala; Chandrapur Ferro AlloysPlant (formerly Maharashtra Electrosmelt Ltd),Chandrapur, Maharashtra; Nagpur Power Ind.Ltd, Kanhan, Maharashtra; Natural Sugar &Allied Ind. Ltd, Osmanabad, Maharashtra;Adhunik Meghalaya Steels Pvt. Ltd, Bymihat,Megha laya ; Megha laya Sova I spa t L td ,Meghalaya; Shyam Century Ltd, Meghalaya; TataSteel Ltd, Joda, Odisha; Bhaskar Shrachi AlloysLtd, Durgapur, West Bengal ; Cosmic FerroAlloys Pvt. Ltd, Bankura, West Bengal; DayalFerro Alloys Ltd, Ramgarh, West Bengal; HaldiaSteels Ltd, Burdwan, West Bengal; Impex FerroTech Ltd, Burdwan, West Bengal; Maithan AlloysLtd, Burdwan, West Bengal; Modern India Con-Cast Ltd, Birhampur, West Bengal; Sharp FerroAlloys Ltd, Durgapur, West Bengal; Shri GayatriMinerals Ltd, Bishnupur, West Bengal; ShyamFerro alloys Ltd, Burdwan, West Bengal; andSova Ispat Ltd, Durgapur, West Bengal are themajor producers of ferro-manganese/silico-manganese.
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Silico-manganese, a combination of 60-70%
manganese, 10-20% silicon and 20% carbon is
used as subs t i tu te fo r low carbon fe r ro-
manganese in the Steel Industry. It consumes
around 4,750 to 5,250 kWh power per tonne of
silico-manganese produced. Silico-manganese
has emerged as a more important alloy than
ferro-manganese. The country, thus, has emerged
as a leading producer of silico-manganese.
Silico-manganese was also produced by a number
of small-scale ferro-alloy producers.
The total production of ferro-manganese in
2010-11 was about 402,017 tonnes which
increased to about 446,733 tonnes in 2011-12.
Consumption of ferro-manganese was reported at
123,900 tonnes in 2012-13. The production of
silico-manganese (including medium carbon &
low carbon silico mangenese) which was about
1 ,242 ,139 tonnes in 2010-11 inc reased to
1,478,403 tonnes in 2011-12 In 2012-13, the
total consumption of silico-manganese by all
industries has been reported at 217,700 tonnes.
Ferrro-chrome/Charge-chrome
Ferro-chrome when added to steel imparts
hardness, strength and augments its stainless
characteristics. Carbon content classifies the
ferro-chrome alloy into high carbon (6-8%),
medium carbon (3-4%) and low carbon (1.5-3%),
al though chromium content in al l the three
grades is around 60-70%. Around 2.5 tonnes
chrome ore , wi th an es t imated power
consumption of 4 ,500 kWh is required to
produce one tonne of ferro-chrome.
FACOR Alloys Ltd, Garividi, Andhra Pradesh;
GMR Technologies & Ind. Ltd, Srikakulam,
Andhra Pradesh; Jindal Steel & Power Ltd,
Raigarh, Chhattisgarh; Standard Chrome Ltd,
Raigarh, Chhattisgarh; SAL Steel, Kachchh-Bhuj,
Gujarat; Balasore Alloys Ltd, Balasore, Odisha;
IDCOL Ferro Chrome Plant, Jajpur Road, Odisha;
Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys Ltd, Therubali,
Odisha; Jindal Stainless Ltd, Duburi, Odisha;
Nava Bharat Ferro Alloys Ltd, Dhenkanal, Odisha;
Utkal Manufacturing Services Ltd, Choudhwar,
Odisha; Rawat Ferro Alloys, Cuttack, Odisha;
Rohit Ferro Tech. P. Ltd, Bishnupur, West Bengal
and Sri Vasavi Ind. Ltd, Bishnupur, West Bengal
are the major ferro-chrome producers. A sizeable
quantity is also produced by units in the small-
scale sector.
Tata Steel Ltd, FACOR and Indian Metals &
Ferro Alloys Ltd, (IMFA) the three major producers
of charge-chrome in the country are 100% export-
oriented, having a total capacity of 182,500 tpy. Tata
Steel with its charge-chrome plant at Bamnipal,
Odisha, has a capacity of 55,000 tpy. FACOR has a
capacity of 65,000 tpy charge-chrome at its Randia
Plant, Bhadrak district, Odisha. Indian Metals &
Ferro Alloys Ltd, (IMFA), Cuttack district, Odisha
has an installed capacity of 62,500 tpy.
The production of high carbon ferro-chrome/
charge-chrome which was 1,001,582 tonnes in
2010-11 decreased to 902,840 tonnes in 2011-12.
The production of low carbon ferro chrome was
3716 tonnes in 2011-12.The consumption of ferro-
chrome in 2012-13 was reported at 286,900
tonnes.
Ferro-silicon
Ferro-silicon contains about 75-90% silicon
and minor amounts of iron, carbon, etc. It is
produced by using quartzite, iron ore, coke and
e lec t rode pas te . Around 1 .75 to 2 tonnes
quartzite is required to produce one tonne of
ferro-s i l icon. A very high consumption of
power, i.e., 9,000 to 10,000 kWh is required to
produce one tonne ferro-silicon. It is a powerful
deoxidising agent and its major applications are
in electrical steel used for transformers and
dynamos, alloy steel for tools & automobile
valves and in iron casting and mineral dressing.
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Bhara t Al loys & Energy Ltd , Kurnool ,
Andhra Pradesh; VBC Ferro Alloys, Medak,
Andhra Pradesh; SMS Smelters Ltd, Lekhi,
Arunachal Pradesh; Visvesvaraya Iron & Steel
Plant, Bhadravati, Karnataka; Silical Metallurgic
Pvt. Ltd, Palakkad, Kerala; Jayantia Alloys,
Meghalaya and Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys Ltd,
Therubali, Odisha are the major producers of
ferro-silicon. Small-scale producers of ferro-
silicon are also in operation in Kerala and Tamil
Nadu. In Meghalaya, three units have sprung up
that produce ferro-silicon.
The production of ferro-silicon which was
around 115,164 tonnes in 2010-11 increased to
127 ,092 tonnes in 2011-12 . The domes t ic
consumption of ferro-silicon in the organised
sector was 41,800 tonnes in 2012-13.
NOBLE FERRO-ALLOYSNoble fer ro-a l loys are one of the v i ta l
additive inputs required especially in production
of alloy and special steel. Noble ferro-alloys
also refer to alloys used in small quantities and
are relatively expensive compared to bulk ferro-
alloys. These are used in the production of steel
as deoxidant and alloying agents.
These h igh tempera ture a l loys impar t
s t rength , res i s tance and s tab i l i ty wi th in a
temperature range from 260 to 1200o C. These
alloys are used generally in turbine engines,
power plants, furnaces and all pollution control
equipment. Noble ferro-alloys include ferro-
vanadium, ferro-titanium, ferro-nickel, ferro-
molybdenum, ferro-tungsten and ferro-niobium.
In Ind ia , nob le fe r ro-a l loys a re mos t ly
manufactured through alumino-thermic process.
Ferro-nickelProduction of ferro-nickel was not reported
in the organised sector. However, production of
237 tonnes & 272 tonnes o f fe r ro-n icke l -
magnesium was reported in 2010-11 and 2011-
12, respectively. The consumption of ferro-
nickel in 2012-13 was 2,235 tonnes.
Ferro-molybdenumThere were five important units, namely,
Mehra Ferro-alloys, Electro Ferro-alloys Pvt.
Ltd, India Thermit Corporation, Dandeli Steel &
Ferro-alloys Ltd and Eastern Metals & Ferro-
alloys Ltd. The all India production which was
3,090 tonnes in 2010-11 increased to 4,362
tonnes in 2011-12. The consumption in 2012-
13 was 676 tonnes.
Ferro-tungstenProduction of ferro-tungsten was 225 tonnes
in 2011-12. The domestic consumption was
18 tonnes for the year 2012-13.
Ferro-vanadiumProduction of ferro-vanadium in 2010-11
was 1,521tonnes which increased to 2,459 tonnes
in 2011-12. The consumption in 2012-13 was
1,109 tonnes.
OthersMisra Dhatu Nigam Ltd (A Govt. of India
Enterprise), Hyderabad, produced chiefly cobalt,
molybdenum, titanium and tungsten-based super-
alloys.
The production details of various types of
bulk ferro-al loys and noble ferro-al loys in
2009-10 to 2011-12 are furnished in Table - 2.
In format ion on p lan t -wise capac i ty o f
principal ferro-alloys in India together with
general specifications of products is given in
Table-3. Consumption of principal alloys by
different industries is given in Table-4.
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Name & location of the plant Product Specifications capacity Installed(tpy)
Andhra PradeshAndhra Ferro-alloys Ltd HC ferro-chrome Cr: 60-65% max, Si: 2-4% max,Srinivasanagar, C: 6-8% max, P: 0.040% max,Distt. Vizianagaram S: 0.040% max
Silico-manganese Mn: 60% min, 20,000C: 2.5% max, Si: 14% min,P: 0.3 % max, S: 0.035% max
FACOR Alloys Ltd HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-80%, C:6-8%, 72,500Shreeramnagar, Garividi Si: 1-5 % max, (For allDistt. Vizianagaram P: 0.35% max, ferro-alloys)
S: 0.05% max,Size: 25-150 mm +/- 10%,Corresponding ISI specification:IS 1171-2011.
Ferro-chrome Cr: 60-63%,Si: 3-4%, C: 6-8%,P: 0.03-0.05% (max),S: 0.03-0.05% (max)
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-70%, Si: 16-20% ,C: 2.0% max,S: 0.03%,P: 0.3 %,Size: 10 - 150 mm +/- 10%,Corresponding ISI specification:IS 1470-1990.
Ferro-silicon Si: 60-80%,C: 0.15% max,P: 0.05%,S: 0.05% max,Al : 1-15% max,Size: 25-150 mm +/- 10%,Corresponding ISI specification:IS 1110-2011.
Ferro- silicon- magnesium Mg: 4-30%,Si: 44-55 %,Al: 1.00%,Ca: 1.0-4.0%,
Silico-chrome NAOther ferro-alloys NA
Deccan Ferro Alloys (P)LtdChintalapalem (PO), Pendurthi (SO) silico-manganese NA 13,054Vishakhapatnam
Jindal Stainless Ltd HC ferro-chrome Cr: 62%, Si: 2.5%, 40,000(Ferro Alloys Division) C: 7-8%, P: 0.040%,Jindal Nagar, KothavalasaDistt. Vizianagaram .
GMR Technologies & LC ferro-manganese Mn: 60%, 25,000Industries Ltd MC ferro-manganese Si: 16%, (Total)Village Ravivalasa HC ferro-manganese S: 0.05%, P: 0.5%Distt. Srikakulam.
(Contd.)
Table 3 : Statewise, Plantwise Capacity and Specifications of Principal Ferro-alloysProduced in India
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Table - 3 (Contd.)
Name and location of the plant Product Specifications Installed capacity (tpy)
Silico-manganese Ferro-silicon LC ferro-chrome Cr: 60-68%, HC ferro-chrome Si: 2.0 to 4% , S: 0.05 (max) , Silico-chrome P: 0.03%, S: 0.05%
VBC Ferro Alloys Ltd Ferro-silicon 10,000Village Rudraram Ferro-chrome 27,000Patancheru Mandal Silico-manganese/ 31,500Distt. Medak. Ferro-manganese
Nav Bharat Ferro-Alloys Ltd HC ferro-chrome Cr: 60% (min), Si: 3-4% (max), 12,491E.M.D., Paloncha, Kothagudem C: 6-8%, P: 0.03% (max),Distt. Khammam. S: 0.03% (max)
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-70%, 9,581Si: 15-16% (min),C: 2% (max), P: 0.03% (max),Si: 0.03% (max)
Ferro-silicon Si: 40-45%/70-75%/75-80%, 9,309Al: 0.5% (max)/1.25% (max),C: 0.15% (max), P: 0.05% (max),S: 0.05% (max)
Sree Sarda Alloys Ltd Ferro-chrome NA 6,000Ravivalsa, Tekkali MandalDistt. Srikakulam.
Shree Raghvendra Ferro alloys Silico- Manganese NA 15000Pvt Ltd , Nalgonda
Metkore Alloys and Industries Ltd H C Ferro Chrome NA 25000Srikakulam
ChhattisgarhHira Group of IndustriesJain Carbides & Chemical Ltd(i) Unit 1, Urla, Distt. Raipur. HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, Si: 1.5% (max), 7,000
C: 6-8% (max), P: 0.40% (max),S: 0.05% (max)
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65%, Si: 13-17% (max), 20,000C: 2.5% (max), P: 0.35% (max),S: 0.03% (max)
(ii) Unit-2,urla,Distt.Raipur HC ferro-manganese 14,000Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65% 12,000
(iii) Hira Ferro Alloys Ltd HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, Si: 1.50% max, Urla, Distt. Raipur. C: 6-8 %, P: 0.30% max,
S: 0.05% max 60,500
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65%, Si: 14-17%,C: 2.0% max, P: 0.35% max,S: 0.05% max
(iv) Alok Ferro-Alloys Ltd Silico-manganese NA 18,000 Raipur.
INDSIL Energy & HC ferro-manganese N A 25,000Electrochemical LtdRaipur, Chhattisgarh
Silico-manganese Mn: 55% (min), 21,500Si: 23-27%,C: 0.1 % (max)/0.2% (max)/0.3% (max),S: 0.02% (max),P:0.15% (max)
(Contd.)
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FERRO-ALLOYS
Sarda Energy & Minerals Ltd Ferro-manganese 66,000(Formerly Raipur Alloys Silico-manganese & Steel Ltd)
Chhattisgarh Electricity Co. Ltd HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, 36,000Siltara, Raipur. Si: 1.5-2.0%,
C: 6.0-8.0%,P: 0.35-0.40%,S: 0.05 (max)
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65% , NASi: 15-20%, C: 2.0-2.5%,P : 0.3-0.35 %, S: 0.05% (max)
Nav-chrome Ltd HC ferro-manganese NA 21,560Urla Industrial Area Silico-manganese NADistt. Raipur. HC ferro-chrome NA 14,700
Deepak Ferro Alloys Ltd Ferro-manganese 5,000Urla Industrial Area HC ferro-manganeseDistt. Raipur. MC ferro-manganese Std. Specified
LC ferro-manganese
Silico-manganese 5,000Ferro-Silicon
Ferro-chrome 5,000LC ferro-chrome NAHC ferro-chrome Cr: 60-70%,
Si: 2 to 4%, S : 0.05%,C: 6 to 8%
Silico-chrome - -Others - -
Jindal Steel & Power Ltd HC Ferro-chrome Cr: 60-66%, 36,000 Kharsia, Distt. Raigarh. C: 6 to 8%,
Si: 4% (max),P: 0.050 (max),S: 0.050 (max),
Silico-manganese Mn: 60%, Si: 15%, P: 0.3% max -
Sai Chemical Pvt Ltd , Silico-manganese NA 10,200Tadesara,Distt. Rajnandgaon
GoaKarthik Alloys Ltd NA NA 4,100Cuncolin, Distt. South Goa.
GujaratEssel Mining & Industries Ltd Ferro-vanadium V: 50%, C: 0.1% (max), 400Vapi, Distt. Valsad. S and P: 0.05% each,
Al: 1.5%
Ferro-molybdenum Mo: 60%, C: 0.1%, 1,200S: 0.08%, P: 0.06%,Al: 0.5%
Ferro-titanium NA 600
Electro Ferro-Alloys (Pvt.) Ltd Ferro-molybdenum NA 300Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Ferro-silico-zirconium
Baroda Ferro-Alloys HC ferro-chrome NA 3500Distt. Panchmahals.
HaryanaHaryana Ferro-Alloys Ltd 2,500Gohana Road, Distt. Rohtak.
Jammu and KashmirShree Sitaram Industries Pvt. Ltd Ferro Chrome NA 3,325Phase II, SIDCO Complex,Bari Brahmana.
Table - 3 (Contd.)
Name & location of the plant Product Specifications Installedcapacity(tpy)
(Contd.)
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FERRO-ALLOYS
JharkhandAnjaneya Ferro Alloys Ltd, Ferro-silicon NA NAMihijam Silico-manganese NA NADist. Dumka. Ferro-manganese NA NA
Bihar Foundry & Casting Ltd Silico-mangnese Si: 14%, Mn : 60% 34,000(Unit Gautam Ferro Alloys)
Gautam Ferro-Alloys Ltd 5,500
KarnatakaSandur Manganese & Iron Ores Ltd HC ferro-manganese 29,100Vyasanakere, Distt. Bellary Silico-manganese 20,000(Plant closed since 1.8.1998) Ferro-silicon 24,000
Dandeli Steel & Ferro Alloys Ltd Ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, C: 0.1%, 6,000Dandeli, Distt. Uttar Kannada. Si: 2.4%, P : 0.15%,
S: 0.05%, Size: 37 mmMC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, C: 1.5%, P: 0.25%,
Si: 2%, S: 0.05%
S.R. Chemicals & Ferro-alloys LC Ferro-manganese Mn: 70%, 25KIADB Honaga, C: 0.1%,Distt.Belgaum P: 0.12%
Thermit Alloys (Pvt.) Ltd Ferro-manganese NAN-7, Industrial Estate Silico-manganese NADistt. Shivamogga. Ferro-chrome NA 1,200
Ferro-silicon NASilico-chrome NA
KeralaThe Silical Metallurgic Ltd Silico-manganese Mn: 70-75% 3,600Wayalur, Distt. Palakkad.
INDSIL Electrosmelts Ltd Silico-manganese NA NAPallatheri, Distt. Palakkad. Ferro-silicon NA NA
INDSIL Hydro Power & Silico-manganese Mn: 55% (min), 14,400Manganese Ltd Si: 23-27%,Distt.Palakkad, Kerala C: 0.1 % (max)/0.2% (max)/0.5% (max),
S: 0.02% (max),P: 0.15% (max)
Shri Laxmi Electro Ferro-silicon NA NASmelters (Pvt.) Ltd.Industrial Development AreaErumathala, P.O. Aluva - 683 105.
Madhya PradeshMOIL Ltd HC ferro-manganese Mn:781%, 10,000(formerly Manganese Ore (India) Ltd)Ferro-manganese Plant P: 0.35% (max),Bharweli (Manjhara), Distt. Balaghat. C: 6.8%
Jalan Ispat Castings Ltd Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65%, Si: 15-20%, 12,000Industrial Area C: 2% (max), P: 0.35%Meghnagar, Distt. Jhabua.
Crescent Alloys Pvt. Ltd Ferro-silicon N.A. 4,500Seoni. Ferro-manganese N.A. (Total)
S.R Ferro Alloys , Jhabua silico- mangenese NA 13,000
(Contd.)
Table - 3 (Contd.)
Name & location of the plant Product Specifications Installedcapacity(tpy)
-
6-11
FERRO-ALLOYS
MaharashtraChandrapur Ferro Alloy HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-74 % and 74-78% , 50,000Plant,(Erstwhile Maharashtra Si: 1.5% (max),Electrosmelt Ltd) C: 6.8%, P: 0.43%. (max)Distt.Chandrapur - 442 401.
MC ferro-manganese Mn : 70-74% and 74-78% , 1,800Si: 2% max,C: 1 - 3% , P: 0.4% max
LC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-74% and 74-78% , NASi: 2% (max), C: 1.5% max,P: 0.4% max.
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65% and 65% Min, 32,765Si: 15-20%, C: 2 % max,P: 0.35% max
Nagpur Power & Industries Ltd Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65%, P: 0.35% NAP.O. Khandelwal Nagar HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, P: 0.4% NADistt. Nagpur.
Bharat Pulverising Mills Ltd Ferro-molybdenum NA 200Andheri, Mumbai. Ferro-tungsten NA (Total)
Ferro-vanadium NASunbel Alloys Co. of India Ltd Ferro-molybdenum NA 300Thane-Belapur, Mumbai. Ferro-silicon NA (Total)
Ferro-tungsten NAFerro-vanadium NA
Natural Sugar and Allied HC Ferro-manganese Mn: 70-75%, (5 MVA)Ind. Ltd, Si: 2-2.5%,Sainagar, Ranjani, P: 0.4%,Distt. Osmanabad. C: 6-8%
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65%, (6 MVA)Si: 13-15%,P: 0.3%,C: 2-2.5%
OdishaFerro Alloys Corporation Ltd HC ferro-chrome/ Cr: 60-64%, Si: 3-4%, 65,000Ferro Chrome Plant Randia Charge-chrome C: 6-8%, P: 0.03-0.05% (max),D. P. Nagar Randia, Distt. Bhadrak. S: 0.03-0.05% (max)
Tata Steel Ltd, Ferro Manganese HC ferro-manganese Mn: + 70%, C: 6-8 %, 50,400Plant, Joda, Si :0.3-2%, P: 0.2-0.4%,Distt. Keonjhar Silico-manganese Mn: 46-48%,
Si: 14.56%, P: 0.197%
Tata Steel Alloys Ltd, Ferro-chrome 50,000Ferro Alloy PlantCuttack.
Tata Steel Ltd, Charge-chrome Cr: 60% (min), Si: 4% (max) , 55,000Charge-chrome Plant C: 8% (max), P: 0.03% (max) ,Bamnipal, Distt. Keonjhar. S: 0.03% (max)
Balasore Alloys Ltd, HC ferro-chrome Cr: 60-63% 110,000Balgopalpur, Distt. Balasore. Si: 3.5% (max) Grade I(Formerly Ispat Alloys Ltd) C: 8.0% (max)
Cr: 57-60%S: 4.0% (max) Grade IIC: 8.0% (max)
Table - 3 (Contd.)
Name & location of the plant Product Specifications Installedcapacity (tpy)
(Contd.)
-
6-12
FERRO-ALLOYS
Jeypore Sugar Co. Ltd, HC ferro-chrome Cr: 60-65%, 22,000(Ferro-manganese Plant) P: 0.055%,Distt. Rayagada. C: 2%,
S: 0.05%,Si: 4%,Fe: Balance
Silico-manganese Mn: 60-65%, 22,000Si: 15-18%,C: 2% max.
J. B. Ferro Alloys ,Ward - 2 LC ferro manganese NA 200Barbil,
IDCOL Ferro Chrome & Alloys Ltd HC ferro-chrome Cr: 62-65%, 18,000Jajpur Road, Distt. Jajpur. Si: 1.5 to 8%,
C: 8% (max)
Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys Ltd., HC ferro-chrome/ Cr: 60% 62,500(IMFA) Charge-chrome
Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys Ltd Ferro-silicon Si: 70-75%, 61,000(IMFA), Therubali, Distt. Rayagada. HC ferro-chrome Cr: 60% 275,000
Superb-Metal alloys (Pvt.) Ltd Ferro-columbium NA 300Rairangpur, Distt. Sundergarh Ferro-molybdenum (Total)
Ferro-tungstenFerro-vanadium
Jabamayee Ferro alloys Ltd. HC Ferro chrome NA 15660
M M Minerals & Alloys Pvt Ltd. HC Ferro Chrome NA 25000Jamirdiha ,Distt. Mayurbhanj
T S Alloys Ltd. Anantpur , Cuttak HC Ferro Chrome NA 59400
PuducherryThe Silical Metallurgic Ltd Ferro-silicon 10,560
Ferro-silicon-magnesium 1,800
VSK Ferro Alloys Ltd Ferro-silicon Si: 72.3%, C: 0.15%, 3,000Thuthipet. S: 0.051%, Mn: 0.55%,
P: 0.042%, Fe: 26.13%
Snam Alloys (Pvt.) Ltd Ferro-silicon NA 12,000Kariamanikam, Ferro-silicon-magnesiumDistt. Puducherry.
PunjabMehra Ferro-Alloys Ferro-molybdenum NA 300Verka, Amritsar. Ferro-vanadium (Total)
Ferro-titaniumFerro-tungstenFerro-boron
SikkimAkshay Ispat & Ferro Alloys Ltd, Ferro-silicon NA 6,000Mamring, Namchi,Distt. South Sikkim.
Uttar PradeshThe India Thermit Corp. Ltd Ferro-molybdenum NA 300Fazalganj,Distt. Kanpur. Ferro-titanium (Total)
Ferro-chromeFerro-boronChromium metalLC ferro-manganeseFerro-vanadium (Contd.)
Table - 3 (Contd.)
Name & location of the plant Product Specifications Installedcapacity (tpy)
-
6-13
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table - 3 (Concld.)
Name & location of the plant Product Specifications Installedcapacity(tpy)
Hindustan Ferro-Alloys Ferro-siIicon NA 3,200Hamirpur.West BengalBhaskar Shrachi Alloys Ltd, Silico-manganese Si: 15% 24,000Durgapur
Cosmic Ferro Tech. Ltd, HC ferro-manganese Mn: 66-71%, Si: 1.4% 45,375Bishnupur, C: 6.5-7%, P: 0.3%Distt: Bankura.
Silico-manganese Mn: 61-65%, Si: 15.5%C: 1.9%, P:0.28%
Sri Gayatri Minerals Pvt. Ltd, HC silico-manganese Mn: 60-65% & 65% min, 24,000WBIIDC Growth Centre, Si: 15% min & 16% min,Bishnupur, Bankura. C: 2% max,
P: 0.3 max, S: 0.03 maxIndustrial Metals & Ferro Alloys LC Ferro Titanium NA 20Jamuria, Burdwan. LC ferro Chrome NA 20
Hira Concast Ltd,Salanpur Silico-manganese NA 11,455Burdwan Ferro manganese NA 15,225
Karthik Alloys Ltd (I & II) MC silico-manganese Mn: 54-56%, C: 0.2-0.5% Si: 22-25% 19,000Durgapur. P: 0.15-0.2, S: 0.05%
LC silico-manganese Mn: 53-55%, C: 0.15-0.2% Si: 25-28% NAP: 0.15-0.2%, S: 0.05%
Maithan Alloys Ltd, Ferro-manganese NA 52,600Burdwan. Silico-manganese (Total)
Ferro-chromeMonnet Ferro Alloys Ltd Silico-manganese NA 12,500Burdwan.
Shyam Ferro Alloys Ltd HC silico-manganese NA 100,000Burdwan. HC ferro-manganese (Total)
HC ferro-chromeSrinivasa Ferro Alloys Ltd HC ferro-manganese Mn: 70-74%, 74-76% 10800Durgapur,Burdwan. Si: 1.5% max, C: 6-8%,, P: 0.25,
0.30 and 0.40 max, S: 0.03 maxHC silico-manganese Mn: 60-65% & 65% min 23,400
Si: 15% min & 16% minC: 2% max, P: 0.3% max, S: 0.03% max
LC silico-manganese NA 5,400
Shri Vasavi Industries Ltd HC ferro-chrome Cr: 58-60%, Si: 2-4%, 45,000WBIIDC Industrial Growth Centre, C: 8% max, P: 0.05% max (16MVA 1No. &Bishnupur, Distt. Bankura. S: 0.05% max 12MVA 1 No.)
Modern India Con-Cast Ltd, Bulk ferro-alloys 22,000WBIIDC Industrial Growth Centre,Bishnupur, Distt. Bankura.
Rohit Ferro Tech. Ltd HC ferro-chrome Cr: 60% (min), C: 8% (max) 45,375Bishnupur, Distt. Bankura Si: 3.5% (max), P: 0.03% (max)
S: 0.04% (max)Sharp Ferro Alloys Durgapur HC Silico Manganese NA 42500
Nilkantha Ferro Ltd., Bankura HC Silico Manganese NA 39960Silico Manganese Slag NA 40200
Note: HC : High carbon. MC: Medium carbon. LC: Low carbon.Source: Information collected by IBM .
-
6-14
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 4 : Consumption of Principal Ferro-alloys, 2012-13 (P)(By Industries)
(In tonnes)
Ferro-alloy Iron & steel Alloy steel Foundry Electrode Total
Ferro-aluminium 1165 (3) 57(1) 1222
Ferro-chrome 258800(15) 27600(12) 300(9) 200(4) 286900
Ferro-chrome-silicon 460(1) 460
Ferro-manganese 116200(17) 6400(10) 500(18) 800(21) 123900
Ferro-molybdenum 162(11) 435(8) 50(8) 29(2) 676
Ferro-nickel 2235(4) 2235
Ferro-niobium 1166(5) 0(1) 1166
Ferro-phosphorus 263(3) - 10(1) 273
Ferro-silicon 35900(27) 3300(8) 2200(22) 400(7) 41800
Ferro-silicon-magnesium 13(2) 13
Ferro-titanium 1037(9) 191(6) 4(1) 2(1) 1234
Ferro-tungsten 18(2) 18
Ferro-vanadium 1079(11) 26(5) 4(1) 1109
Silico-manganese 215500(28) 2000(3) 200(3) 217700
Silico-vermiculite - - - - 1600**
Note: Figures rounded off. Figures in parentheses denote the number of units in the organised sector reporting* consumption.(* Includes actual consumption and / or estimates made wherever required)(** Estimate based on Annual Returns)
Studies reveal that depending on the ferro-alloy manufactured, waste generation per day in35 tpd and 50 tpd ferro-sil icon and ferro-chrome plants respect ively, may be in thefollowing range:
Silica fines: 7 to 8 tonnes/day
Fe-Cr slag (fined boulder): 40 tonnes/day
Charcoal & coke fines: 7 to 8 tonnes/dayTo util ise the waste from ferro-alloys
industries, a typical Fe-Si or Fe-Cr manufacturingunit can provide material for 10 small-scale unitsfor manufacturing bricks and each unit can produce2,400 bricks per day. Other units which can be setup are board-and-briquette-making units. The
utilisation of waste materials by converting theminto building materials will result in bringing downthe building material cost, and therefore, lead toconservation of natural resources like clay and sand.
Domest ic vanadium s ludge is used forproducing ferro-vanadium by Essel Mining &Industries Ltd, Gujarat.
The implementation of the Kyoto Protocolby European Union prov ides s ign i f ican topportunities for Ferro-alloys Industry in Indiato implement CO
2 reduct ion technologies ,
which could be traded in terms of carbon credits.Installation of an electricity generation facilitydriven by CO-rich furnace gas is an obviousmeans by which CO
2 saving could be achieved.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND FUTURE SCOPE
-
6-15
FERRO-ALLOYS
WORLD REVIEWThe major ferro-alloys producing countries
were China, South Africa, India,Russia andKazakhstan. Estimated world production of bulkferro-alloys of chromium, manganese and silicon wasabout 36.8 million tonnes produced in 2011. Themarkets for the bulk alloys like high carbon ferro-manganese, silico-manganese, ferro-silicon and highcarbon ferro-chrome showed varied responses to thefluctuations in steel and stainless steel production
(Contd.)
which seem to had influence as per the different
circumstances that prevailed in different markets.
SRC process (Show Denko,Japan) Outo Kumpu
Process (Finland) are some of the energy saver well-
known processes which have been adopted in a large
scale in the world.
World production of various ferro-alloys in
principal producing countries is furnished in Table-5.
Table - 5: World Production of Ferro-alloys, 2010 to 2012(By Principal Countries)
(In tonnes)
Country Ferro-alloy 2010 2011 2012
Australia FeMn &FeSiMn 219000 267000 198000
Brazil FeCr 172800 145000 165500
FeSiCr 13100 11600 12000e
FeSiMg 33600 20900 20000e
FeMn 87200 77000 80000e
FeSiMn 218700 218600 220000e
FeNi 23800 45600 94400
FeNb 77200 81900 50400
FeSi 247300 210900 204000
Others 36650 32700 35000e
Canada FeNb 4620 4620 4600e
FeSi 36786 31039 31000e
China FeCr - - -
FeSiCr - - -
Otherse 26100000 28400000 30000000
Colombia FeNi 145239 103371 138966
Dominican Republic FeNi - 34576 39000
Finland FeCr 238000 231000 229000
Francee FeMn 138100 130500 131000e
FeSiMn 62400 63400 64000e
FeSie 27000 59000 60000
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6-16
FERRO-ALLOYS
Tabe -5 (Contd.)Country Ferro-alloy 2010 2011 2012
Georgia FeSiMn 203791 242746 257421
FeMne 4500 4500 4500
Greece FeNie 69600 94000 96435
Iceland FeSi 114230 120076 131818
India FeAl 7538 7393 7400e
FeCr 1003598 906556 900000e
FeSiMg 19079 24452 25000e
FeMn 402017 446733 450000e
FeSiMn 1242139 1478403 1500000e
FeMo 3090 4362 4100e
FeSi 115164 127092 130000
FeTi 2172 2217 2200e
FeV 1521 2459 2500e
Others 595 730 700e
Japan FeCr 16208 17217 19392
FeMn 453265 456798 436171
FeSiMn 49865 49798 52287
FeMo 4615 5167 4616
FeNi 348420 279944 371913
FeV 4190 3980 4403
Others 16374 20913 19364
Kazakhstan FeCr 1311302 1289917 1305343
FeSiCr 159765 143296 164853
FeSiMn 224627 232039 251530
FeSi 4813 1683 464
Others 1283 1754 1845
New Caledonia FeNi 165506 169513 184476
Norway FeMne 130000 130000 130000
FeSiMn 281266 248700 266000
FeSi 200000e 170102 203865
Otherse 150000 150000 150000
(Contd.)
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6-17
FERRO-ALLOYS
Tabe- 5 (Concld.)Country Ferro-alloy 2010 2011 2012
Russia Spiegeleisene 7000 7000 7000
FeCre 414000 414000 414000
FeSiCr 4200 4200e 4200e
FeMn 171000 170000e 170000e
FeSiMn 147900 148000e 148000e
FeMo 6491 6917 7018
FeNi 34363 34400e 34000e
FeSi 916000 916000e 916000e
FeV 13507 16683 14381
Otherse 34000 34000 34000
South Africa FeCr 3607132 3421911 3000000e
FeMne 517000 696000 654000
FeSiMne 273000 368000 346000
FeSie 128000 135000 133000
FeVe 19000 18000 16000
Sweden FeCr 64400 80140 35800
Ukraine FeMn 285643 187897 163921
FeSiMn 1000329 930337 823131
FeNi 102940 89903 119652
FeSi 253801 186306 150265
Others 28546 25126 22115
USA FeSi 370000 294000e 294000e
Venezuela FeMn 5300 12000 12000e
FeSiMn 16500 24000 24000e
FeNi 45200 51800 50000e
FeSi 76800 70000 70000e
Zimbabwe FeCr 154336 161839 60205
FeSi - - -
Source: World Minenral Production, 2008-2012
Note: FeAl : Ferro-aluminium; FeCr : Ferro-chrome; FeSiCr : Ferro-silico-chrome; FeSiMg : Ferro-Silico-magnesium; FeMn : Ferro-manganese;FeSiMn : Ferro-silico-manganese; FeMo : Ferro-molybdenum; FeNi : Ferro-nickel; FeNb : Ferro-niobium; FeSi : Ferro-silicon; FeTi: Ferro-titanium; FeV : Ferro-vanadium.
* India`s production of ferro- alloys duning 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 is furnished in Table-2
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6-18
FERRO-ALLOYS
FOREIGN TRADEExports
In 2012-13 , expor t s o f fe r ro-a l loys
increased to 16,83,184 tonnes valued at `10,196
crore from 15,32,694 tonnes valued at `8,399
crore in the previous year. In terms of quantity,
exports of ferro-silico-manganese accounted for
58%, followed by ferro-chrome (31%), ferro-
manganese (9%) and ferro-silicon (1%) in 2012-
13. The other ferro-alloys together accounted for
remaining 1% of exports. Exports were mainly
to China (15%), Korea Rep. of and Japan (13%
each), Italy (9%) , Netherlands (8%), Chinese
Taipei/Taiwan (7%), Turkey (5%), Thailand (3%)
Malaysia (2%), (Tables 6 to 24).
ImportsImpor t s o f fe r ro -a l loys inc reased f rom
2,78 ,759 tonnes va lued a t `2 ,975 c ro re in
2011-12 to 2,79,513 tonnes valued at `3,580 crore
in 2012-13. In terms of quantity, imports of ferro-
Table 6: Exports of Ferro-alloys : Total(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 1532694 83992729 1683184 101964984
China 262806 13921073 245642 15278647
Korea, Rep. of 25190414870177 217385 13777872
Japan 169033 9418853 212217 12776226
Italy 147463 7653418 158022 8539944
Netherlands 116918 6526764 138420 7609477
Chinese Taipei/ Taiwan 86355 4564768 126260 7003718
Turkey 61653 3058679 79635 4589460
Thailand 40277 2121576 45050 2593819
UAE 12565 653358 18558 2367040
Malaysia 28546 1585769 28290 2254976
Other countries 355174 19618294 413405 25173805
Table 7: Exports of Ferro-Boron(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 2 351 2 721
Turkey ++ 54 2 518
South Africa - - ++ 120
Malaysia - - ++ 83
Other countries 2 298 - -
Table 8: Exports of Ferro-Chrome(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 567660 32760788 517724 33106639
China 245642 13193611 245144 15250717
Korea, Rep. of 202332 12183073 159571 10438817
Japan 47370 2951185 60133 3929700
Italy 7751 492216 12245 815454
USA 10781 659470 7255 491045
Chile 3830 276384 4717 356044
Mexico 4374 277161 4289 312442
Netherlands 6665 4093455 5093 293152
Belgium 3719 116316 4935 219083
Egypt 3177 222985 2724 192241
Other countries 32019 1979042 11618 807944
silicon accounted for about 48% followed by ferro-
manganese (15%), ferro-chrome (12% ), ferro-nickel
(11%), Charge-chrome (7%) .Other ferro-alloys
together accounted for remaining 7% of imports in
2012-13. Imports were mainly from Bhutan (29%),
followed by South Africa (19%), China (12%), Russia
(11%), Japan (4%), Brazil and Korea, Rep. of (3 %
each) (Tables 25 to 42 ).
-
6-19
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 9: Exports of Charge-Chrome(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 39 4709 66 7286
Morocco - - 21 3317Chinese Taipei/
Taiwan - - 27 1689
Bahrain - - 10 1463
Saudi Arabia 9 1854 6 411
Nigeria 1 188 2 406
Other countries 29 2667 - -
Table 13: Exports of Ferro-Niobium
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13
Country
Qty Value Qty Value
(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 14 6445 1 1737
Singapore - - 1 1653
USA - - ++ 50
Indonesia - - ++ 24
Nepal - - ++ 10
Other countries 14 6445 - -
Table 12: Exports of Ferro-Nickel(By Country)
2011-12 2012-13
CountryQty Value Qty Value
(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries ++ 413 1715 1800674
UAE - - 1214 1279043
Malaysia - - 501 521631
Other countries ++ 413 - -
Table 10: Exports of Ferro-Manganese(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 159122 8379784 157871 8857051Iran 31554 1817548 23890 1359877Chinese Taipei/
Taiwan 14348 698794 19288 1029528Korea, Rep of 13915 682031 13624 782804Saudi Arabia 8513 337637 12065 698541Italy 13037 659247 13227 690636Netherlands 14373 738951 10113 558440Japan 3047 172417 9578 504479UAE 4267 241572 7425 404864Pakistan 7319 371278 6755 348669US A 3337 284109 3806 329551Other countries 45412 2376200 38100 2149662
Table 11: Exports of Ferro-Molybdenum (By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 292 223797 735 447766Netherlands 145 159396 220 229684Belgium 5 5062 150 83456Saudi Arabia 11 1754 60 65386UAE 26 26135 20 18741South Africa - - 33 12383Israel 1 1827 7 7647Chile 4 7282 3 5486Oman 25 4496 38 4351Pakistan 16 7828 61 4136USA - - 20 2665Other countries 59 10019 123 13831
Table 14 : Exports of Ferro-Phosphorus
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13
Country
Qty Value Qty Value
(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 240 6401 18 1555
Sweden 10 727 10 644
Morocco - - 3 384
UK 23 1118 ++ 353
Pakistan - - 5 174
Other countries 207 4556 - -
-
6-20
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 17 : Exports o f Ferro-S i l i co-Manganese
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 732424 37641216 970056 54166178
Japan 117435 6216684 140279 8195293
Italy 113822 5629064 129781 6821833
Netherlands 78641 4036383 120030 6147420
Chinese Taipei/Taiwan 69771 3741670 105812 5900807
Turkey 51811 2437868 74024 4138538
Korea, Rep. of 34733 1949138 43560 2510111
Thailand 36587 1896699 39463 2252377
Bulgaria 7377 385543 33866 1881601
Malaysia 25434 1392437 24729 1482419
Ukraine 39428 2135708 23496 1332909
Other countries 157385 7820022 235016 13502870
Table 15 : Exports of Ferro-Silico-Chrome
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 15 903 363 20551
UAE - - 360 20301Ivory Coast/Cote-D Ivoire - - 3 250
Other countries 15 903 - -
Table 16 : Exports o f Ferro-S i l i co-Magnesium
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 7047 688615 9114 947969
Turkey 1459 128831 2585 241383
Iran 1094 121686 1022 119022
USA - - 897 86270
Saudi Arabia 290 29733 729 79528
Mexico 105 16537 566 74210
Oman 588 67850 598 72593
Spain 349 38485 500 59551
Brazil 878 63472 467 43468
Slovenia 424 37429 294 23548
South Africa - - 193 20018
Other countries 1860 184592 1263 128378
Table 18: Exports of Ferro-Silicon(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 46422 3265270 18824 1459548
Brazil 1950 160827 2267 196300
Netherlands 16442 1147146 2706 188083
Italy 11704 780199 1883 140270
Japan 630 57815 1577 121531
Oman 855 61818 1601 118819
Slovenia 1752 131383 881 78486
Turkey 1244 97666 961 73090
USA 350 37048 545 62320
Lithuania 770 49832 790 55869
Korea, Rep. of 308 27805 409 38936
Other countries 10417 713731 5204 385844
Table 19 : Exports of Ferro-Titanium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 1041 56766 116 21763Iran 25 1264 50 16093Brazil 2 415 5 1356Turkey 5 752 6 1179Belgium 8 1513 3 695Finland 2 380 12 652Mexico ++ 38 2 393Morocco - - 16 282USA 1 32 17 237Indonesia - - 1 202Philippines 20 1058 1 184Other countries 978 51314 3 490
Table 20 : Exports of Ferro-Tungsten(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 16 5239 157 28124Bhutan - - 40 8000Netherlands - - 5 7266UK - - 40 4618Nepal 6 422 56 3975Finland 9 3850 12 3082South Africa - - 2 491Indonesia - - ++ 288Saudi Arabia 1 885 2 277Philippines ++ 82 ++ 127Other countries - -
-
6-21
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 21: Exports of Ferro-Vanadium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 209 92494 488 458454
Netherlands ++ 87 155 176430
UAE 74 62381 75 77107
Iran ++ 928 55 65162
USA 5 6134 56 48040
Malaysia 22 9408 32 43266
Sri Lanka - - 20 14249
Vietnam - - 9 12717
Mauritius 103 9530 76 12513
Belgium - - 5 6391
Turkey 1 1185 3 1152
Other countries 4 2841 2 1427
Table 24: Exports of Ferro-alloys(Others)
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 18024 844699 5928 632197
Iran 2860 335758 2471 341386
Saudi Arabia 58 10128 1006 124403
Italy 600 45792 737 58103
Bahrain - - 361 47963
Japan 540 20323 649 25105
Korea, Rep. of 548 26272 220 7099
Nepal 2727 63976 138 5802
Netherlands 70 2197 50 4054
Oman - - 38 3425
Kuwait ++ 65 10 2210
Other countries 10621 340188 248 12647
Table 25: Imports of Ferro-alloys: Total(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 278759 29752569 279513 35802706
Bhutan 76257 4624446 80858 5168900
Japan 1733 1235940 10999 4304287
Brazil 7629 2885826 8696 3732575
China 49124 4810101 33194 3372610
South Africa 60465 3523592 53960 3264946
Russia 26747 2953020 31364 3101468
Greece 1478 1254061 6898 1962810
Columbia 91 44032 2978 1514932
Korea, Rep. of 3721 1146631 9557 1473421
New Caledonia 625 553722 4564 1305123
Other countries 50889 6721198 36445 6601634
Table 26: Imports of Ferro-Boron(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 642 124181 779 154825China 629 120979 749 149174New Zealand - - 10 1976US A - - 10 1924Singapore - - 5 955Germany 11 2669 5 795Other countries 2 533 ++ 1
Table 22: Exports of Ferro-Columbium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 2 3711 4 6180
Israel 1 1807 3 5568
Turkey - - ++ 507
Philippines - - 1 85
Australia - - ++ 11
Guyana - - ++ 9
Other countries 1 1904 - -
Table 23: Exports of Ferro-Zirconium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 115 10269 2 541
Indonesia 1 388 2 497
Malaysia - - ++ 44
Other countries 114 9881 - -
-
6-22
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 27: Imports of Ferro-Chrome(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 32064 3694428 33728 3982920
Russia 9945 1423301 12508 1630942
South Africa 11222 855724 10923 872313
China 3046 382487 2527 405125
Kazakhstan 2136 222984 3260 386281
Brazil 1545 211217 2091 318368
Turkey 566 68919 353 63122 Chinese Taipei/ Taiwan 213 25413 327 35184 Germany 527 93100 166 32275
Hong Kong _ _ 183 26419
Switzerland 73 6784 158 25072
Other countries 2791 404499 1232 187819
Table 28: Imports of Ferro-alloys Charge-Chrome
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 34731 1847286 19440 1073849
South Africa 33732 1792726 19241 1055102
China 999 54560 162 9997
Russia - - 37 8750
Table 30: Imports of Ferro-Molybdenum(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 1067 1541479 656 870906Korea, Rep. of 437 639673 374 493127China 287 396790 97 110998Belgium - - 38 59102Russia 158 270952 40 55689Austria - - 28 43906UK - - 26 33259Italy 34 37578 14 21858Thailand 6 9189 12 19860Japan 6 10234 10 10052ChineseTaipei / Taiwan 12 21344 4 6907Other countries 127 155719 13 16148
Table 31: Imports of Ferro-Nickel(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 6864 4796001 31801 12198988Japan 1063 1130376 10692 4169302Greece 1441 1249606 6898 1962810Columbia 91 44032 2978 1514932New Caledonia 625 553722 4564 1305123Brazil 1898 706078 3153 1272222Macedonia 749 729494 1895 1237825Venezuela 230 72718 728 170840UAE - - 152 131224Albania - - 101 100894Korea, Rep of - - 98 93275
Other countries 767 309975 542 240541
Table 29: Imports of Ferro-Manganese (By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13 Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 24660 1732494 41942 2805528 South Africa 12854 676374 23185 1203180 Korea Rep. of 2323 212855 8762 783701
Norway 6283 584499 5043 463727
China 1298 113479 982 86751
Germany 224 14572 760 37490
Bahrain 267 13425 700 34094
Russia 45 6734 458 33060
Chinese Taipei/
Taiwan 40 3290 270 27102
Italy 1 56 353 25538
UAE 54 4345 375 19878
Other countries 1271 102865 1054 91007
Table 32: Imports of Ferro-Niobium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 1660 2355931 1380 2650527Brazil 1114 1571089 951 1770662Canada 3 7155 194 379197Singapore 433 593817 131 317240China 29 57986 30 49479Italy - - 27 47310Korea, Rep. of 2 4646 12 28110USA 22 28576 10 15982Iraq - - 10 15881Netherlands - - 7 15144Finland - - 5 6650Other countries 57 92662 3 4872
-
6-23
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 34: Imports of Ferro-Silico-Chrome
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 107 7137 20 1630
Kazakhstan - - 20 1630
Other countries 107 7317 - -
Table 33: Imports of Ferro-Phosphorous(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 2373 56798 1739 46328
China 2073 48054 1470 36122
Sweden 5 1257 38 3223
Germany
Germany 27 597 74 1746
Turkey - - 72 1739
UK 6 1311 6 1409
Italy - - 27 704
Romania 623 - - 26
Iran 116 2470 24 527
Japan 21 376 2 235
Other countries 125 2733 - -
Table 36: Imports o f Ferro-S i l i co-
Magnesium
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13
Country
Qty Value Qty Value
(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 2227 235038 906 101364
China 896 80421 627 65819
Norway 103 13875 125 16835
South Africa - - 42 5232
Russia 50 3367 41 5147
Netherlands - - 40 4827
Chile - - 20 2471
Hong Kong - - 11 1033
Other countries 1178 137375 - -
Table 37: Imports of Ferro-Silicon
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13
CountryQty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 148759 10206947 134834 9419073
Bhutan 76095 4612859 80858 5168900
China 35597 2656121 23440 1766232
Russia 15986 1106475 18060 1278185
France 3701 444563 2895 378359
Norway 2605 343154 2212 280304
Vietnam 3906 257824 2439 173281
Egypt 2552 120337 1838 93617
Brazil 381 43880 491 50728
Kuwait - - 553 33383
Chinese Taipei/
Taiwan 306 23252 271 22554
Other countries 7630 598482 1777 173530
Table 35: Imports of Ferro-Silico-Manganese
(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 13223 529245 2612 140282
Norway 400 31392 601 57310
Saudi Arabia 8229 283869 1529 51763
South Africa 2472 90782 315 16033
China 211 18041 103 10324
Thailand - - 60 4595
Malaysia - - 4 257
Other countries 1911 105161 - -
-
6-24
FERRO-ALLOYS
Table 38: Imports of Ferro-Titanium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 1370 496047 1631 594182UK 574 216688 1098 413148Canada 321 116138 199 74675Russia 191 65815 204 70621Korea, Rep. of 13 4521 31 12387China 24 7354 28 8265Finland - - 17 5977Thailand - - 10 4024USA - - 40 3832Qatar - - 4 1253Other countries 247 85531 - -
Table 39: Imports of Ferro-Tungsten(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 10 23797 16 35707
China 6 14360 7 16303
Brazil 2 4990 3 7382
France - - 3 6358
Korea, Rep.of - - 2 4599
Vietnam - - 1 1028
USA - - ++ 37
Other countries 2 4447 - -
Table 40 : Imports of Ferro-Vanadium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13Country
Qty Value Qty Value(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 907 1098356 577 744080China 359 421152 254 339763Japan 36 43084 72 94682South Africa 78 100498 72 92029Switzerland 24 28872 57 74748Brazil 10 13940 50 41104USA 85 87462 19 30671Korea , Rep. of 166 206860 22 29180Russia 21 26235 16 19074Vietnam - - 6 11230Netherlands - - 4 5903Other countries 128 170253 5 5696
Table 41: Imports of Ferro-Zirconium(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13
Country Qty Value Qty Value
(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 689 75704 215 34646
China 513 54159 146 24336
Japan - - 25 3767
Egypt - - 24 3600
Korea, Rep.of - - 20 2943
Other countries 176 21545 - -
Table 42: Imports of Ferro-alloys (Others)(By Countries)
2011-12 2012-13
Country Qty Value Qty Value
(t) ( '000) (t) ( '000)
All Countries 7406 931700 7237 945413
Argentina 1485 191444 2088 294374
China 3050 377022 2572 293924
Brazil 2179 275420 1957 272109
Norway 98 13888 213 35125
Sweden - - 150 11390
Vietnam - - 62 7893
Dominican Rep. - - 48 7030
South Africa 1 902 21 4503
UK 3 951 10 4153
Netherlands - - 19 4122
Other countries 590 72073 97 10790
-
6-25
FERRO-ALLOYS
FUTURE OUTLOOKDepending on the process of steel making
and the type of steel being manufactured, therequirement of d i f f rent fer ro a l loys var ieswidely. According to IFAPA, on an average, about
30 to 40% produc t ion of fe r ro-a l loys i sexported. The Industry output has always beensurplus and meeting the demand of the domestic
steel industry. India has also established itselfas one of the regular and leading exporters offerro-chrome and silico-manganese in the world.
The ferro-alloys industry in India has acapac i ty o f 5 .15 mi l l ion tonnes and i saccounted for nearly 10% of the worlds ferro
alloys production. It is among the 10 largestproducers of the material in the world. Atpresent, industry is facing few issues related to
high input prices of manganese and chrome ore,coal, coke and a high energy tariff. On the otherhand the ferro alloy producers are also facing the
problem of price in adequacy and instability ontheir production.
However, India is expected to show strong
growth in usage of steel in the coming years
because of i t s robus t economy, mass iveinfrastructure needs and expansion of industrial
production. India is expected to become one ofthe leading steel consuming nations in the nextdecade. In this scenario, the Ferro Alloy Industry
estimates that the consumption of Ferro Alloyswill increase domestically and internationallyin the coming years. Some of the Ferro Alloy
Producers have already gone for expansion andsome new units are coming up.
Indian Ferro-alloys Industry has immense
potent ia l and capabi l i ty to compete in thein te rna t iona l marke t . There i s a need toencourage the Indian Ferro-alloys Industry for
setting up captive power plants and also allocatecoal linkages for the same. The prospects forthe Ferro-alloys industry is bright provided
innovations are made in the process technology& plant equipment design, and new cost-effectiveproduct mix is frequented at.
The fall in the demand for ferro-alloysglobally, and the re-emergence of China as a majorexporter and the threat of imports are some of the
factors that the Indian-ferro alloys industry wouldneed to tackle.