PPT’s Presents

Indian Art & Architecture

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INDIAN ART & ARCHITECTURE

•INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION•CHOLA•MUGHAL •BUDDHIST

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION

 The Indus civilization or the Harappan civilization, which flourished during the Bronze Age i.e. 2500-2000 BC is ranked among the four widely known civilizations of the old world. Extensive excavation work that has been done since Independence has so far identified more than 100 sites belonging to this civilization.

A few prominent among them are Dholavira (Gujarat), Kalibangan (Rajasthan), Lothal (Gujarat), Sarkotada (Gujarat), Diamabad (Maharashtra), Alamgirpur (U.P.), Bhagwanpura (Haryana), Banawali (Haryana), Kuntasi, Padri (Gujarat) and Mauda (Jammu).

They encouraged Indian Art And Architecture In forms of “STUPAS & SCHOOL OF ART”

 THE STUPAS

Sanchi Stupas

Amaravati Stupa

Gandhara Stupa

SANCHI STUPAS Sanchi is a small village in Raisen

District of the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, it is located 46 km north east of Bhopal, and 10 km from Besnagar and Vidisha in the central part of the state of Madhya Pradesh

The 'Great Stupa' at Sanchi was originally commissioned by the emperor Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BCE

SANCHI STUPAS

AMARAVATHI STUPA

Amaravathi is a small town situated on the banks of the River Krishna in the Guntur District (of which it is a mandal) of Andhra Pradesh, India.

It is famous for the Amareswara temple dedicated to Lord Shiva

AMARAVATHI STUPA

GANDHARA STUPA

Gandhara was located mainly in the vale of Peshawar, the Potohar plateau and on the Kabul River.

The Kingdom of Gandhara lasted from early 1st millennium BC to the 11th century AD

GANDHARA STUPA

THE SCHOOLS OF ART

The Gandhara School of Art 

The Mathura School of Art

The Amravati School of Art

CHOLA period The period of the imperial Cholas (c. 850 CE

- 1250 CE) was an age of continuous improvement and refinement of the Dravidian art and architecture.

They utilized their prodigious wealth earned through their extensive conquests in building long-lasting stone temples and exquisite bronze sculptures. Most of these still stand proudly articulating those glorious days.

CHOLA ARCHITECTURE

Sculpture and Bronze Lost Wax technique Elegant Style Chola Fresco

Sculpture and bronze

The Chola period is also remarkable for its sculptures and bronzes.

The sculptor worked in great freedom in the eleventh and the twelfth centuries and the sculptures and bronzes show classic grace, grandeur and perfect taste.

The best example of this can be seen in the form of Nataraja the Divine Dancer.

Sculpture and Bronze

Lost wax techniques

Chola period bronzes were created using the lost wax technique. It is known in artistic terms as "Cire Perdue".

The metal alloy of bronze is melted and poured into the empty clay-mould. This particular bronze alloy is known as Pancha Loham.

Lost Wax technique

Elegant style

The forms of Chola bronzes are very plastic. They are devoid of intricate ornaments and designs. They are very expressive. There is grace, elegance, beauty, and above all else - life

There is a pose called Rishabaandhika pose. We see Siva standing with one leg crossed over to the other side, across the other leg .

Elegant Style

CHOLA FRESCO In 1931, Chola frescoes were

discovered within the circumambulatory corridor of the Brihadisvara Temple, by S.K.Govindasamy, a professor at the Annamalai University.

These are the first Chola paintings discovered. The passage of the corridor is dark and the walls on either side are covered with two layers of paintings from floor to ceiling.

Chola Fresco

MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE

Mughal architecture, an amalgam of Islamic , Persian  and Indian architecture, is the distinctive style developed by the Mughals in the 16th and 17th centuries in what is now India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. It is symmetrical and decorative in style.

Some of the first and most characteristic examples that remain of early Mughal architecture were built in Indian history

MUGHAL EMPIRES

 Akbar (1556–1605)

Shah Jahan (1627–1658)

Aurangzeb (1658–1707)

AKBAR Akbar was thirteen years old when he

ascended the Mughal throne in Delhi (February 1556), following the death of his father Humayun.

Akbar's reign significantly influenced art and culture in the country. He was a great patron of art and architecture. He took a great interest in painting, and had the walls of his palaces adorned with murals.

Akbar

SHAH JAHAN

Shahanshah Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666).He was the emperor of the Mughal Empire in South Asia from 1628 until 1658.

The period of his reign was the golden age of Mughal architecture. Shahanshah Shah Jahan erected many splendid monuments,

Shah Jahan

AURANGZEB Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad

Aurangzeb Alamgir(4 November 1618 – 3 March 1707).He was more commonly known as Aurangzeb.

In Aurangzeb's reign (1658–1707) squared stone and marble gave way to brick or rubble with stucco ornament.

He also added his mark to the Lahore Fort. The most impressive building of Aurangzeb's reign, is the Badshahi Mosque which was constructed in 1674 under the supervision of Fida'i Koka

Aurangzeb

Buddhist architecture

Buddhist religious architecture developed in INDIA in the 3rd century BC.

Three types of structures are associated with the religious architecture of early Buddhism.

Buddhist architecture

Buddhist Monasteries. Buddhist Stupas. Buddhist Temples.

Buddhist Monasteries

In India there are 143 BUDDHIST MONASTERIES, but mainly there are only few are to discuss

Buddhist monasteries in India are a big draw for tourists and pilgrims from all over.

Buddhist Monasteries

Buddhist Stupas

Having BUDDHIST STUPAS in India, Buddhism has its adherents all cross the globe.

Devotees and tourists flock to India in hordes to pay a visit to the significant Buddhist sites that remain scattered all over the country.

Buddhist Stupas

Buddhist Stupas

Buddhist Temples

BUDDHIST TEMPLES are firstly significant pilgrimages for devotees and secondly they are also a window to Buddhist art and architecture in India.

States like Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Orissa are replete with Buddhist temples.

Buddhist Temples

The sacred BODHI Tree

This presentation is dedicated to

All Indian Architects

THANK YOU

A presented by ric.94u.In