By: Afnan Es-sayyid, Aisha Afzal, Sheeba Khan, Mandy Watson

Childcare in India

Overview Indian population is 1.2 billion

Lots of diversity – culture, religion, family structure, and income

Video-http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=fC39BsU5T-E&feature=related

HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF CHILDCARE IN INDIA

What is Early Childhood Education?

1890- kindergarten was established

1953- the national government took measures.

HISTORY IN CANADA

Canadian day care was disorganized. Churches and charities cared for children in substantial facilities.

Wives took care of the domestic economy while husbands fought overseas.

1997- the province of Quebec introduced a day care for $5 a day.

The federal Liberal budget in 2005 included $5 billion over five years.

THE BAL SEVIKAS

In 1961, the thought of Bal Sevika (one who serves the child) came into place.

The programs are concentrated on health and nutrition, preschool education, and community organization.

INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS).

The programs concentrate on

1. urban slums

2. tribal areas

3. and the more remote and backward rural regions of the country.

The initiative started with 33 modest projects reaching about 150,000 young children.

REGGIO AMELIA Same as Canadian philosophy of Emergent curriculum

Inviting, personal and aesthetic design

Teacher is a “learning partner”

Provocation, research and documentation used in all aspects of learning

MONTESSORI Very popular in India, compared to the very few Canadian Child Care

Centers using the Montessori approach

Attractive; specific areas for tasks

Child-sized furniture

Didactic materials and manipulative curriculum

BEHAVIOURIST APPROACH, THEMATIC APPROACH & CEREBUS CURRICULUM

Thematic Approach• Very structured• Each month, a new theme is selected by the teacher• Focus is more on the product, not the process

Cerebus Curriculum• Most of the learning is done in a playful manner• A special committee of experts analyzes and monitors

children• Specific curriculum designed for each child• Strengthen areas of interest and improve weaknesses

Behaviourist Approach• Most childcare centers in India follow this approach• Even if another philosophy is mainly used in the

curriculum, some aspects of behaviourist approach are still evident there

• Teachers establish direct instruction in small & large group settings

AVAILABILITIES/ACCESSIBILITY OF CHILDCARES

India

Provided in every city/area

Parents choices mostly informal childcare

All ages mostly infant – 12 yrs old

Disabilities & autistic children

Canada

•Provided in every neighbourhood

•Parents choices mostly formal childcare

•All ages infants – 12 yrs old

• Disabilities & autistic children

POPULAR CHILDCARES IN INDIA

Glendale Edufun – Ages 2-5 and optional daycare 5-7 yrs old

Kara Preschool & Daycare center – 2006; Preschool & childcare providers.

Euro Kids – 2001 to date, 30 schools by 2012. Preschool & kindergarten. Have 780+ preschools in 280 towns and cities across India.

ABC Montessori – Franchised (2006), has preschool and daycare

Mother’s Pride – 1st Branch in 1996, now 31 branches.

Aanganwaris childcare center – funded by government. Also, have six volunteer project sites over three regions of India.

CHILDCARE CENTERS IN INDIA

Many Childcare centers are franchised or funded by the government, and organizations/volunteer programs.

Names of cities/towns I found in India with childcare centers are: New Dehli, Chandigarh, Calcutta, Gandhidam, Bengalore, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bhopal, and Vrundavan.

DIFFERENCE/SIMILARITIES

Difference:

• Family Structure

• Children rights

• Labour

• Prices

Similarities:

• Acceptance of all children

•Age

•Funded by the government

•Private childcares

ECE TRAINING

No official ECE program

Junior Teacher’s Training Certificate offered by Colleges/Universities

Some places ask for graduates of psychology or sociology having work experience with children under 5 yrs

Training workshops after teacher is hired by child care centerNo PRC, Health forms or CPR training required on employment

ROLE OF THE ECE Montessori and Emergent Teacher’s Roles are the same in

India as here in Canada

Most others teachers follow the directed learning approach

Teachers instruct and dictate more than nurture and guide the children

Program Structure

India - In the past it was always

Informal

- Recently Indian Population has been choosing Formal Child Care

- Structure- Policies/guidlines - Ratios

Canada- Formal / Informal

- Program structures & policies

- Health & Safety

- Specific adult child ratios

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