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India
description
Transcript of India
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India
Aryans, Hinduism, Buddhism, Empires
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Indo-Europeans
• Came from north of the Caucasus Mountains• Lived in tribes• Herders of cattle, sheep, goats• Tamed horses & had chariots• Spoke Indo-European languages: influenced
English, Sanskrit, Persian, Spanish, German
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Origins: Pre-Historic India 3000-1000 BCE
Aryan Migration to India
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Hittites(2000- 1190 BCE)
• One of the earliest Indo-Europeans to migrate – Moved into the Anatolia Region
(Turkey)• Dominated Southwest Asia for 450
years– Occupied Babylon– Formed alliance with Egypt
• Spoke Indo-European language amongst themselves, used Akkadian for general purposes
• Less advanced overall– Had superior war technology
• Chariots• Iron
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Aryans• Migrated to India• Vedas, sacred piece literature
– Four collections of prayers, magical spells and instruction for performing rituals
• Developed Caste system• Polytheistic• Magadha
– Major kingdom that expanded by taking over surrounding kingdoms
– By 2nd Century BCE, occupied almost all of subcontinent
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Caste System
Brahmins
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas
Sudras
Pariahs
Rigid class system where people were locked in to their class
Partially based on varnas, or skin color
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• Purpose is to help people of other castes fulfill their dharma
• Perform rituals and observe vows for the sake of others
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• Responsible for leadership of the people• Often rely on
advice from Brahmins
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• Shopkeepers who sell products (unlike the Shudra who sell services)
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• Each subgroup of this caste performs a specific service.
• Jobs include gardeners, potters, and clothes washers
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• Belong to no caste• Expected to do the
“dirty” jobs• Come in contact with
animal skins, dead bodies and human feces
• Avoid contact with “caste” Indians for fear of “pollution”