825

INDEX OF AUTHORS

Baba, Shoji A. Flexural rigidity and elasticconstant of cilia 459

Berridge, M.J. The mode of action of s-hy-draxytryptamine 311

— See PRINCE and BKRRIDCE

Berridge, Michael J. and Prince, William T.Transepithelial potential changes duringstimulation of isolated salivary glands with5-hydroxytryptamine and cyclic AMP 139

Berry, Michael S. A system of electricallycoupled small cells in the buccal ganglia ofthe pond snail Planorbit corneus 6a 1

Brand, A. R. The mechanism of blood circu-lation in Anodonta anatina (L.) (Bivalvia,Unionidae) 361

Bretz, W. L. and Schmidt-Nielsen, Enut. Themovement of gas in the respiratory system ofthe duck 57

Browning, T. O. The penetration of some non-polar molecules in solution through the egg-shells of Locutta migratorioidei migratoriaand Tcleogryllus commodus 769

Calder, William A. and King, James R. Bodyweight and the energetics of temperatureregulation: a re-examination 77s

Caldwell, Roy L. See RANKIN, CALDWELL andDINGLE

Chapman, G. and Pardy, R. L. The movementof glucose and glycine through the tissues ofCorymorpha palma Torrey (Coelenterata,Hydrozoa) 639

Civil, G. W. and Thompson, T. E. Experimentswith the isolated heart of the gastropodHelixpomatia in an artificial pericardium 239

Crompton, D. W. T. The growth of Montli-jormu dubius (Acanthocephala) in the in-testine of male rats 19

Crompton, D. W. T. and Nesheim, M. C.A note on the biliary system of the domesticduck and a method for collecting bile 545

Davey, K. G. See PRATT and DAVBYDingle, Hugh. See RANKIN, CALDWELL and

DINGLEDunham, Philip B. See PRUSCH and DUNHAM

Eckert, Roger. See NAITOH, ECKERT and FRIED-

MAN

Eckert, R., Naitoh, Y. and Friedman, K. Sen-sory mechanisms in Paramecium. I. Twocomponents of the electric response to me-chanical stimulation of the anterior surface

683Emilio, M. G. and Shelton, G. Factors affecting

blood flow to the lungs in the amphibian,Xenopus laevu 67

Evans, D. H. See MABTZ and EVANSEvans, P. D. The free amino acid pool of the

haemocytes of Carcinw maenas (L.) 501

Friedman, Kenneth. See NAITOH, ECKERT andFRIEDMAN; ECKKRT, NAITOH and FRIEDMAN

Hidaka, T. See TWAROO and HIDAKAHoleton, George F. See JONES and HOLETONHughes, G. M. Distribution of oxygen tension in

the blood and water along the secondarylamella of the icefish gill 481

lies, J. F. Structure and synaptic activation of thefast coxal depressor motoneurone of thecockroach, Periplaneta americana 647

Isaia, J. See MOTAIS and ISAIA

Johnson, W., Soden, P. D. and Trueman,E. R. A study in jet propulsion: an analysisof the motion of the squid, Loligo vulgaris

155Jones, David R, and Holeton, George F.

Cardiovascular and respiratory responses ofducks to progressive hypocapnic hyposcia

657

Kater, Stanley B. See PATTON and KATERKerstetter, Theodore H. and Kirschner,

Leonard B. Active chloride transport by thegills of rainbow trout (Salmo gcardnen) 263

King, James R. See CALDER and KINGKirschner, Leonard B. See KERSTETTER and

KIRSCHNER

KoidL B. See MURDOCH and KOIDLKrasne, Franklin B. See WINE and KRASNE

Lane, N. J. See PICHON, SATTELLB and LANELane, N. J. and Treherne, J. E. Accessibility of

the central nervous connectives of Anodontacygnea to a compound of large molecularweight 493

Lindqvist, Ossi V., Salminen, Inga andWinston, Paul W. Water content and wateractivity in the cuticle of terrestrial isopods

49Little, Colin. The evolution of kidney function in

the Neritacea (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia)249

Lowe, D. A. See MILL and LOWE

McMahon, B. R. See WILKENS and MCMAHONMaetz, J. Branchial sodium exchange and am-

monia excretion in the goldfish Carasriusauratus. Effects of ammonia-loading andtemperature changes 601

Index of AuthorsMaetz, J. and Evans, D. H. Effects of tempera-

ture on branchial sodium-exchange and ex-trusion mechanisms in the seawater-adaptedflounder Platichtkys fletut L. 563

Mill, P. J. See PICKARD and MILLMill, P. J. and Lowe, D. A. An analysis of the

types of sensory unit present in the PDproprioceptor of decapod crustaceans 509

Mill, P. J. and Pickard, R. S. Anal valve move-ment and normal ventilation in aeshniddragonfly larvae 537

Morgan, Elfed. The swimming of Nymphongracile (Pycnogonida): The swimming gait

421Motais, R. and Isaia, J. Temperature-depend-

ence of permeability to water and to sodiumof the gill epithelium of the eel Angutllaanguilla 587

Murdock, L. L. and KoidL B. Limited per-meability and metabolism of L-glutamate inthe locust gut wall. 781

— Blood metabolites after intestinal absorptionof amino acids in locusts 795

Murphey, R. K. and Zaretsky, Malcolm D.Orientation to calling song by female crickets,Scapsipedus marginatus (Gryllidae) 335

Naitoh, Y. See ECKERT, NAITOH and FRIEDMANNaitoh, Yutaka, Eckert, Roger and Friedman,

Kenneth. A regenerative calcium responsein Paramecium 667

Nedergaard, Slgne. Active transport of <x-aminoisobutyric acid by the isolated midgutof Hyalophora cecropia 167

Nesheim, M. C. See CROMPTON and NBSHEIM

Pardy, R. L. See CHAPMAN and PARDYPatton, Marion L. and Kater, Stanley B.

Electrotonic conduction in the optic nervesof planorbid snails 695

Pearson, K. G. Central programming and reflexcontrol of walking in the cockroach 173

Pichon, Y. See TUCKER and PICHONPichon, Y., Sattelle, D. B. and Lane, N.J.

Conduction processes in the nerve cord ofthe moth Manduca sexta in relation to itsultrastructure and haemolymph ionic com-position 717

Pickard, R. S. See MILL and PICKARDPickard, R. S. and Mill, P.J. Ventilatory

muscle activity in intact preparations ofaeshnid dragonfly larvae 527

Piddington, R. W. Auditory discrimination be-tween compressions and rarefactions by gold-fish 403

Potts, W. T. W. and Rudy, P. P. Aspects ofosmotic and ionic regulation in the sturgeon

703Pratt, G. E. and Davey, K. G. The corpus

allatum and oogenesis in Rhodnius prolixut(Stil.)

— I. The effects of allatectomy 201— II. The effects of starvation 315

— III. The effect of matingPrince, William T. See BERRIDOB and PRTNIPrince, William T. and Berridge, Michael J.

The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine andcyclic AMP on the potential profile acrossisolated salivary glands 323

Prusch, Robert D. and Dunham, Philip B.Ionic distribution in Amoeba ptoteut 531

Rankin, Mary Ann, CaldwelL Roy L. andDingle, Hugh. An analysis of a circadianrhythm of oviposition in Oncopeltus fasciatus

353Rijke, A. M. The water-holding mechanism of

sandgrouse feathers 195Roberts, B. L. Activity of lateral-line sense

organs in swimming dogfish 105Rose, R. M. Burst activity of the buccal ganglion

of Aplysia dtpilani 73 3Rudy, P. P. See POTTS and RUDY

Salminen, Inga. See LINDQVIST, SALMTNEN andWINSTON

Sattelle, D. B. See PICHON, SATTELLB and LANESchmidt-Nielsen, Knut. See BRETZ and

SCHMIDT-NIELSENShelton, G. See EMILIO and SHELTONSoden, P. D. See JOHNSON, SODEN and TRUE-

MANStevens, E. D. Some aspects of gas exchange in

tuna 809Suthers, Barbara J. See SUTHERS, THOMAS and

SUTHBRSSuthers, Roderick A., Thomas, Steven P.

and Suthers, Barbara J. Respiration,wing-beat and ultrasonic pulse emission inan echo-locating bat 37

Terhune, Elinor C. Operant conditioning as ameans of testing the ability of white-crownedsparrows to discriminate star patterns 753

Thomas, Steven P. See SUTHERS, THOMAS andSUTHERS

Thompson, T. E. See CIVIL and THOMPSONTreherne, J. E. A study of the function of the

neural fat-body sheath in the stick insect,Carausius morosus 129

— See LANE and TREHERNETrueman, E. R. See JOHNSON, SODEN and

TRUEMANTucker, Lois E. and Pichon, Y. Sodium efflux

from the central nervous connectives of thecockroach 441

Twarog, Betty M. and Hidaka, T. Function ofthe neural sheath in marine and freshwatermolluscs. Evidence for restriction of sodiumloss in freshwater species 433

Weis-Fogh, TorkeL Energetics of hoveringflight in hummingbirds and in drosophila 79

Wells, M. J. and Young, J. Z. The median in-ferior frontal lobe and touch learning in theoctopus 381

Index of Authors 827J. L. and McMahon, B. R. Aspects of

branchial irrigation in the lobster Homarusamericanut. I. Functional analysis of scapho-gnathite beat, water pressures and currents

469Wilkens, Lon A. Electrophysiological studies on

the heart of the bivalve mollusc, Modiolusdemiuus

— I. Ionic basis of the membrane potential 373— II. Ionic basis of the action potential 293Wine, Jeffrey J. and Krasne, Franklin B. The

organization of escape behaviour in thecrayfish 1

Winston, Paul W. See LINDQVIST, SALMDJBNand WINSTON

Wood, James. An experimental determination ofthe relationship between lift and aerodyna-mic power in CaUiphora erythrocephala andPhorrma regma 31

Yinon, U. Adaptation in the compound eye andinteraction with screening pigment 119

Young, J. Z. See WELLS and YOUNG

Zareteky, Malcolm D. See MURPHY andZABETSKY

INDEX OF SUBJECTSAdaptation:

In the compound eye and interaction withscreening pigment (YINON) 119

Aeshnid dragonfly larvae:Ventilatory muscle activity in intact pre-parations of (PICKARD and MILL) 527

— Anal valve movement and normal ventilationin (MILL and PICKARD) 537

o-Aminoisobutyric acid:Active transport of, by the isolated midgut ofHyalophora cecropia (NKDKRGAARD) 167

Amoeba proteus:Ionic distribution in (PRUSCH and DUNHAM)

55iAmmonia excretion:

Branchial sodium exchange and, in the gold-fish Carassius auratus. Effects of Ammonia-loading and temperature changes (MAETZ)

601Amphibian:

See Xenoput laevisAnal valve movement:

And normal ventilation in aeshnid dragonflylarvae (MILL and PICKARD) 537

Anguilla anguilla:Temperature-dependence of permeability towater and to sodium of the gill epithelium ofthe eel (MOTAIS and ISAIA) 587

Anodonta anatina (L.) ( Bivalvia, Unionidae):The mechanism of blood circulation in(BRAND) 361

Anodonta cygnea:Accessibility of the central nervous con-nectives of, to a compound of large molecularweight (LANE and TRKHKRNE) 493

Aplyria depilans:Burst activity of the buccal ganglion of(ROSE) _ 73 S

Auditory discrimination:Between compressions and rarefactions bygoldfish (PIDDINGTON) 403

Bile:A note on the biliary system of the domesticduck and a method for collecting (CROMPTONand NESHEIM) 545

Biliary system:A note on the, of the domestic duck and amethod for collecting bile (CROMPTON andNESHEIM) 545

Bivalve mollusc:See Modioltu demistus

Blood circulation:The mechanism of, in Anodonta anatina(L.) (Bivalvia, Unionidae) (BRAND) 361

Blood flow:Factors affecting, to the lungs in the amphi-bian, Xenoput laevis (EMIUO and SHKLTON)

67

Blood metabolites:After intestinal absorption of amino acids inlocusts (MURDOCH and KOIDL) 795

Body weight:And the energetics of temperature regulation:a re-examination (CALDKR and KINO) 775

Branchial irrigation:Aspects of, in the lobster Homarus ameri-canus. I. Functional analyses of scaphc-gnathite beat, water pressures and currents(WILKENS and MCMAHON) 469

Branchial sodium exchange:Effects of temperature on, and extrusionmechanisms in the seawater-adapted flounderPlatichthys fletus L. (MAETZ and EVANS)

S65— And ammonia excretion in the goldfish

Carassius auratus. Effects of ammonia-loading and temperature changes (MAETZ)

601Buccal ganglia:

A system of electrically coupled small cellsin the, of the pond snail Planorbis corneus(BERRY) 621

— Burst activity of the, of Aplysia depilans (ROSE)735

Burst activity:Of the buccal ganglion of Aplysia depilans(ROSE) 735

Calling song:Orientation to, by female crickets, Scapsipe-dus marginatus (Gryllidae) (MURPHEV andZARETSKY) 335

Calliphora erytkrocephala:An experimental determination of the re-lationship between lift and aerodynamicpower in, and Phormia regina (WOOD) 31

Carasaius auratus:Branchial sodium exchange and ammonia ex-cretion in the goldfish. Effects of ammonia-loading and temperature changes (MAETZ)

601Carautiut morosus:

A study of the function of the neural fat-body sheath in the stick insect (TREHERNE)

H9Carcinus maenas (L.):

The free amino acid pool of the haemocytesof (EVANS) 501

Cardiovascular and respiratory response*:Of ducks to progressive hypocapnic hypoxia(JONES and HOLBTON) 657

Central nervous connectives:Sodium efflux from the, of the cockroach(TUCKER and PICHON) 441

— Accessibility of the, of Anodonta cygnea to acompound of large molecular weight (LANBand TRBHERNE) 493

Index of Subjects 829itral programming:And reflex control of walking in the cock-roach (PEARSON) 173

Chloride transport:Active, by the gills of rainbow trout {Sahnogairdneri) (KKRSTBTTER and KIRSCHNER) 263

Cilia:Flexural rigidity and elastic constant of(BABA) 459

Circadian rhythm of ovipoeition:An analysis of a, in Oncopeltus fatciatui(RANKIN, CALDWELL and DINGLE) 353

Cockroach:Central programming and reflex control ofwalking in the (PEARSON) 173

— Sodium efflux from the central nervous con-nectives of the (TUCKER and PICHON) 441

— See Periplaneta americanaCompound eye:

Adaptation in the, and interaction withscreening pigment (GINON) 119

Compound of large molecular weight:Accessibility of the central nervous con-nectives of Anodonta cygnea to a (LANE andTREHERNE) 493

Compressions:Auditory discrimination between, and rare-factions by goldfish (PIDDINGTON) 403

Conduction processes:In the nerve cord of the moth Manducatexta in relation to its ultraatructure andhaemolymph ionic composition (PICHON,SATTBLLE and LANE) 717

Corpus allatum:The,and oogenesia inRhodniusproIiscus(St&l.)

— I. The effects of allatectomy (PRATT andDAVBY) 201

— II. The effects of starvation (PRATT andDAVEY) 215

— III. The effect of Mating (PRATT and DAVEY)223

Corymorpha paltna Torrey (Coelenterata,Hydrozoa):

The movement of glucose and glycinethrough the tissues of (CHAPMAN and PARDY)

639Crayfish:

The organization of escape behaviour in the(WINE and KRASNE) I

Crickets:See Scapsipedut margmatus (Gryllidae)

Cuticle:Water content and Water activity in the, ofterrestrial isopods (LINDQVIST, SALMINENand WINSTON) 49

Cyclic AMP:Transepithelial potential changes duringstimulation of isolated salivary glands with5-hydroxytryptamine and (BERRIDGE andPRINCE) 139

— The effects of s-hydroxytryptamine and, onthe potential profile across isolated salivaryglands (PRINCE and BERRIDGE) 323

Decapod crustaceans:An analysis of the types of sensory unitpresent in the PD proprioceptor of (MILL andLOWE) 509

Domestic duck:A note on the biliary system of the, and amethod for collecting bile (CROMPTON andNESHEIM) 545

Drosophila:Energetics of hovering flight in humming-birds and in (WEIS-FOGH) 79

Duck:The movement of gas in the respiratory systemof the (BRETZ and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN) 57

Ducks:Cardiovascular and respiratory responses of,to progressive hypocapnic hypoxia (JONESand HOLETON) 657

Echo-locating bat:Respiration, Wing-beat and ultrasonic pulseemission in an (SUTHERS, THOMAS andSUTHERS) 37

Eel:See AnguUla anguUla

Egg-shells:The penetration of some non-polar moleculesin solution through the, of Locusta mtgra-torioidet mtgratoria and Teleogryllut corn-modus (BROWNING) 769

Elastic constant:Flexural rigidity and, of cilia (BABA) 439

Electrically coupled small cells:A system of, in the buccal ganglia of thepond snail Planorbis corneus (BERRY) 621

Electrophysiological studies:On the heart of the bivalve mollusc, Modiolusdemutui

— I. Ionic basis of the membrane potential(WILKENS) 273

— II. Ionic basis of the action potential (WIL-KENS) 293

Electrotonic conduction:In the optic nerves of planorbid snails(PATTON and KATER) 695

Energetics:Of hovering flight in hummingbirds and indrosophila (WEIS-FOGH) 79

Energetics of temperature regulation:Body weight and the, a re-examination(CALDER and KING) 77s

Escape behaviour:The organization of, in the crayfish (WINEand KRASNE) I

Experimental determination:An, of the relationship between lift andaerodynamic power in Calliphora erythro-cephala and Phorrma regina (WOOD) 31

Extrusion mechanisms:Effects of temperature on branchial sodium-exchange and, in the seawater-adaptedflounder Platkhthyt flesus L. (MAETZ andEVANS) 565

83o Index of SubjectsFast cozal depressor motoneurone:

Structure and synaptic activation of the, ofthe cockroach, Periplaneta americana (ILES)

647Flexural rigidity:

And elastic constant of cilia (BABA) 459Free amino acid pool:

The, of the haemocytes of Carcimu maenas(L.) (EVANS) 501

Gas exchange:Some aspects of, in tuna (STEVENS) 809

Gastropod:See Helix pomatia

Gill epithelium:Temperature-dependence of permeabilityto water and to sodium of the, of theeel Angidlla anguilla (MOTAIS and ISAIA)

587Gills:

Active chloride transport by the, of rainbowtrout (Salmo gatrdneri) (KERSTETTER andKIRSCHNER) 263

L-Glutamate:Limited permeability and metabolism of, inthe locust gut wall (MURDOCK and KOIDL)

781Goldfish:

Auditory discrimination between compres-sions and rarefactions by (PIDDINGTON) 403

— See Carassius auratus

Haemocytes:The free amino acid pool of the, of Carcimumaenas (L.) (EVANS) 501

Haemolymph ionic composition:Conduction processes in the nerve cord ofthe moth Manduca texta in relation to itsinfrastructure and (PlCRON, SATTEIXE andLANE) 717

Heart:Electrophysiological studies of the, of thebivalve mollusc, Modiolus demissus

— I. Ionic basis of the membrane potential(WILKKNS) 273

— II. Ionic basis of the action potential (WIL-KENS) 293

Helix pomatia:Experiments with the isolated heart of thegastropod, in an artificial pericardium (Crvn.and THOMPSON) 239

Homarua americanut:Aspects of branchial irrigation in the lobster.I. Functional analysis of scaphognathitebeat, water pressures and currents (WILKENSand MCMAHON) 469

Hovering flight:Energetics of, in hummingbirds and indrosophila (WBIS-FOOH) 79

Hummingbirds:Energetics of hovering flight in, and indrosophila (WEB-FOOH) 79

HyaJophora cecropia: ^kActive transport of a-aminoisobutyric acilHby the isolated midgut of (NBDEROAARD)

1675 -Hydroxytryptamine:

Transepithelial potential changes duringstimulation of isolated salivary glands with,and cyclic amp (BBRRIDCB and PRINCE) 139

— The mode of action of (BERRIDGE) 311— The effects of, and cyclic AMP on the

potential profile across isolated salivaryglands (PRINCE and BERRIDGE) 323

Hypocapnic hypoxia:Cardiovascular and respiratory responses ofducks to progressive (JONES and HOLETON)

657

Icefish gill:Distribution of oxygen tension in the bloodand water along the secondary lamella of the(HUGHES) 481

Interaction:Adaptation in the compound eye and, withscreening pigment (YINON) 119

Intestine:The growth of MomUformis dubius (Acantho-cephala) in the, of male rats (CROMPTON) 19

Intestinal absorption of amino adds :Blood metabolites after, in locusts (MURDOCKand KOIDL) 79s

Ionic distribution:In Amoeba proteus (PRUSCH and DUNHAM)

55iIsolated heart:

Experiments with the, of the gastropodHelix pomatia in an artificial pericardium(CmL and THOMPSON) 239

Jet propulsion:A study in: an analysis of the motion of thesquid, Loiigo vulgaris (JOHNSON, SODEN andTRUBMAN) 155

Kidney function:The evolution of, in the Neritacea (Gastro-poda, Prosobranchia) (LITTLE) 249

Lateral-line sense organs:Activity of, in swimming dogfish (ROBERTS)

105Lift and aerodynamic power:

An experimental determination of the re-lationship between, in Calliphora erythro-cephala and Phormia regina (WOOD) 31

Lobster:See Homanu americamu

Loctuta migratorioides migratoria:The penetration of some non-polar mole-cules in solution through the egg-shellsof, and Teleogryllus commodus (BROWNING)

769

Index of Subjectsgut wall:

Limited permeability and metabolism ofL-glutamate in the (MURDOCH and KOIOL)

78!Locusts:

Blood metabolites after intestinal absorption ofamino acids in (MURDOCH and KOIDL) 795

Loligo vulgaris:A study in jet propulsion: an analysis of themotion of the squid UOHNSON, SODEN andTRUEMAN) 155

Lungs:Factors affecting blood flow to the, in theamphibian, Xenopus laevis (EMJLIO andSHELTON) 67

Manduca sexta:Conduction processes in the nerve cord ofthe moth, in relation to its ultrastructure andhaemolymph ionic composition (PICHON,SATTBLLE and LANE) 717

Median inferior frontal lobe:The, and touch learning in the octopus(WELLS and YOUNG) 381

Midgut:Active transport of a-aminoisobutyric acidby the isolated, of Hyalophora cecropia(NBDERGAARD) 167

Mode of action:Of 5-hydrorytryptamine (BKRRIDGE) 311

Modiolus demissus:Electrophysiological studies on the heart ofthe bivalve mollusc

— I. Ionic basis of the membrane potential(WILKBNS) 273

— II. Ionic basis of the action potential (Wn,-KENS) 293

Molluscs:Function of the neural sheath in marine andfreshwater. Evidence for restriction ofsodium loss in freshwater species (TWAROOand HIDAKA) 433

Moniltformit dubiu* (Acanthocephala):The growth of, in the intestine of male rats(CROMPTON) 19

Moth:See Manduca sexta

Movement of gas:The, in the respiratory system of the duck(BRETZ and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN) 57

Movement of glucose and glycine:The, through the tissues of Corymorphapalma Torrey (Coelenterata, Hydrozoa)(CHAPMAN and PARDY) 639

Neritacea (Gastropoda, Prosobranchla):The evolution of kidney function in the(LITTLE) 249

Nerve cord:Conduction processes in the, of the mothManduca sexta in relation to its ultrastructureand haemolymph ionic composition (PICHON,SATTELLE and LANE) 717

Neural fat-body sheath:A study of the function of the, in thestick insect, Carautius morotus (TRKHERNE)

129Neural sheath:

Function of the, in marine and freshwatermolluscs. Evidence for restriction of sodiumloss in freshwater species (TWAROG andHIDAKA) 433

Non-polar molecules in solution:The penetration of some, through the egg-shells of Locusta migratorioides mtgratoria andTdeogryllut commodus (BROWNING) 769

Nymphon gradle (Pycnogonida):The swimming of: the swimming gait(MORGAN) 421

Octopus:The median inferior frontal lobe and touchlearning in the (WELLS and YOUNG) 381

Oncopaltua fasciatus :An analysis of a circadian rhythm of ovi-position in (RANKTN, CALDWELL and DINGLE)

353Oogenesis:

The corpus allatum and, in Rhodnhis pro-lixut (St&l.)

— I. The effects of allatectomy (PRATT andDAVEY) 201

— II. The effects of starvation (PRATT andDAVEY) 315

— III. The effect of mating (PRATT and DAVEY)223

Operant conditioning:As a means of testing the ability of white-crowned sparrows to discriminate star pat-terns (TERHUNE) 75 S

Optic nerves:Electrotonic conduction in the, of planorbidsnails (PATTON and KATER) 695

Orientation:To calling song by female crickets, Scap-tipedut margtnatui (Gryllidae) (MURPHEY andZARETSKY) 335

Osmotic and ionic regulation:Aspects of, in the sturgeon (POTTS andRUDY) 703

Oxygen tension:Distribution of, in the blood and water alongthe secondary lamella of the icefish gill(HUGHES) 481

Paramecium:A regenerative calcium response in (NAITOH,ECKERT and FRIEDMAN) 667

— Sensory mechanisms in. I. Two componentsof the electric response to mechanical stimu-lation of the anterior surface (ECKERT,NAITOH and FRIEDMAN) 683

PD proprioceptor:An analysis of the types of sensory unitpresent in the, of decapod crustaceans (MILLand LOWE) 509

832 Index of SubjectsPericardium:

Experiments with the isolated heart of thegastropod Helix pomatia in an artificial(CIVIL and THOMPSON) 239

Periplanata amrricana:Structure and synaptic activation of the fastcoxal depressor motoneurone of the cock-roach (ILES) 647

Permeability and metabolism:Limited, of L-glutamate in the locust gutwall (MURDOCK and KOIDL) 781

Permeability to water and to sodium:Temperature-dependence of, of the gillepithelium of the eel Anguilla anguilla(MOTAIS and ISAIA) 587

Phormia ragina:An experimental determination of the re-lationship between lift and aerodynamicpower in CalUphora erythrocephala and(WOOD) 31

Planorbid snails:Electrotonic conduction in the optic nerves of(PATTON and KATER) 695

Planorbis corneus:A system of electrically coupled small cells inthe buccal ganglia of the pond snail (BERRY)

621Platichthyt flatus L.:

Effects of temperature on branchial sodium-exchange and extrusion mechanisms in theseawater-adapted flounder (MAETZ andEVANS) 565

Pond snail:See Planorbis corneus

Potential profile:The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine andcyclic AMP on the, across isolated salivaryglands (PRINCE and BERRIDGE) 333

Rainbow trout:•See Salmo gmrdneri

Rarefactions:Auditory discrimination between compres-sions and, by goldfish (PIDDINOTON) 403

Rats:The growth of MonUiformU dubiut (Acantho-cephala) in the intestine of male (CROMPTON)

19Reflex control of walking:

Central programming and, in the cockroach(PEARSON) 173

Regenerative calcium response:A, in Paramecium (NAITOH, ECKERT andFRIEDMAN) 667

Respiration:Wing-beat and ultrasonic pulse emission inan echo-locating bat (SUTHERS, THOMAS andSUTHERS) 37

Respiratory system:The movement of gas in the, of the duck(BRETZ and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN) 57

Rhodnius prolixus (St&l.):The corpus allatum and oogenesis in

— I. The effects of allatectomy (PRATTDAVEY)

— II. The effects of starvation (PRATT andDAVBY) 215

— III. The effect of mating (PRATT and DAVEY)223

Salivary glands:Transepithelial potential changes duringstimulation of isolated, with 5-hydroxytrypt-amine and cyclic AMP (BERRLDGB andPRINCE) 139

— The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine and cyclicAMP on the potential profile across isolated(PRINCE and BERRIDCE) 323

Salmo gairdneri:Active chloride transport by the gills of rain-bow trout (KBRSTETTER and KIRSCHNBR) 263

Sandgrouse feathers:The water-holding mechanism of (RIJKE)

195Scapsipedut tnarginatu* (Gryllidae):

Orientation to calling song by female crickets(MURPHEY and ZARETSKY) 335

Screening pigment:Adaptation in the compound eye and inter-action with (YINON) 119

Seawater-adapted flounder:See Platichtkyx fletus L.

Secondary 1nm«l1n:Distribution of oxygen tension in the bloodand water along the, of the icefish gill(HUGHES) 481

Sensory mechanisms:In Paramecium. I. Two components of theelectric response to mechanical stimulationof the anterior surface (ECKERT, NAITOH andFRIEDMAN) 683

Sensory unit:An analysis of the types of, present in thePD proprioceptor of decapod crustaceans(MILL and LOWE) 509

Sodium efflux:From the central nervous connectives of thecockroach (TUCKHR and PICHON) 441

Squid:See Loligo vulgaris

Star patterns:Operant conditioning as a means of testingthe ability of white-crowned sparrows todiscriminate (TBRHUNE) 755

Stick insect:See Carautius morasus

Structure and synaptic activation:Of the fast coxal depressor motoneurone ofthe cockroach, Periplaneta americana (ILES)

647Sturgeon:

Aspects of osmotic and ionic regulation in the(POTTS and RUDY) 703

Swimming:The, of Nymphon gradle (Pycnogonida): theswimming gait (MORGAN) 421

Index of Subjects 833•Swimming dogfish:

Activity of lateral-line sense organs in(ROBERTS) 105

Teleogryllus commodua:The penetration of some non-polar moleculesin solution through the egg-shells of Locustamtgratorioidet migratoria and (BROWNING)

769Temperature -dependence:

Of permeability to water and to sodium ofthe gill epithelium of the eel Anguilla anguilla(MOTAIS and ISAIA) 587

Terrestrial isopods:Water content and water activity in thecuticle of (LINDQVIST, SALMINBN andWINSTON) 49

Tissues:The movement of glucose and glycinethrough the, of Corymorpha palma Torrey(Ojelenterata, Hydrozoa) (CHAPMAN andPARDY) 639

Touch learning:The median inferior frontal lobe and, in theoctopus (WELLS and YOUNO) 381

Transepithelial potential changes:During stimulation of isolated salivary glandswith 5-hydroxytryptamine and cyclic AMP(BKRRIDCB and PRINCE) 139

Tuna:Sotne aspects of gas exchange in (STEVENS)

809

Ultrasonic pulse emission:Respiration, wing-beat and, in an echo-locating bat (SUTHERS, THOMAS and SUTHERS)

37

Ultras tructure:Conduction processes in the nerve cord ofthe moth Manduca texta in relation to its,and haemolymph ionic composition (PICHON,SATTELLE and LANE) 717

Ventilation:Anal valve movement and normal, in aeshniddragonfly larvae (MILL and PICKARD) 537

Ventilatory muscle activity:In intact preparations of aeshnid dragonflylarvae (PICKARD and MILL) 527

Water activity:Water content and, in the cuticle of terrestrialisopods (LINDQVIST, SALMTNEN and WIN-STON) 49

Water content:And water activity in the cuticle of terrestrialisopods (LINDQVIST, SALMINEN and WIN-STON) 49

Water-holding mechanism:The, of sandgrouse feathers (RIJKE) 195

White-crowned sparrows:Operant conditioning as a means of testingthe ability of, to discriminate star patterns(TERHUNB) 7ss

Wing-beat:Respiration, and ultrasonic pulse emission inan echo-locating bat (SUTHERS, THOMAS andSUTHERS) 37

Xenopum lamria:Factors affecting blood flow to the lungs inthe amphibian (EMILJO and SHELTON) 67

Special Topics in BiologyThis series will consist of textbooks addressed to final year undergraduates and studentstaking special option or honours courses. Each text will be illustrated and accompanied byreferences, and will be of scope and scholarship, based on current research, consistent withthis level of study.

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Jnl. Exp. Biol. 56, 3 (i)

The Journal of

Experimental Biology

The Journal of

Experimental Biology

EDITED BYV. B. WIGGLESWORTH and J. A. RAMSAY

VOLUME 56

CAMBRIDGEAT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

1972

PUBLISHED BY

THE SYNDICS OF THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Bentley House, 200 Euston Road, London, NWi 2DBAmerican Branch: 32 East 57th Street, New York, N.Y. 10022

© Company of Biologists Ltd., 1972

Printed in Great Britain at the University Printing Home, Cambridge

CONTENTS

No. 1. FEBRUARY 1972PAGE

WINE, JEFFREY J. and KRASNE, FRANKLIN B. The organization of escape behaviour inthe crayfish i

CROMPTON, D. W. T. The growth of Moniliformis dubius (Acanthocephala) in theintestine of male rats 19

WOOD, JAMES. An experimental determination of the relationship between lift andaerodynamic power in CalUphora erythrocephala and Phormia regina . . 31

SUTHERS, RODERICK A., THOMAS, STEVEN P. and SUTHERS, BARBARA J. Respiration,wing-beat and ultrasonic pulse emission in an echo-locating bat • • • 37

LINDQVIST, Ossi V., SALMINEN, INGA and WINSTON, PAUL W. Water content and wateractivity in the cuticle of terrestrial isopods 49

BRETZ, W. L. and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, KNUT. The movement of gas in the respiratorysystem of the duck 57

EMILIO, M. G. and SHELTON, G. Factors affecting blood flow to the lungs in theamphibian, Xenopus laevis 67

WEIS-FOGH, TORKEL. Energetics of hovering flight in hummingbirds and in drosophila 79

ROBERTS, B. L. Activity of lateral-line sense organs in swimming dogfish . . . 105

YINON, U. Adaptation in the compound eye and interaction with screening pigment 119

TREHERNE, J. E. A study of the function of the neutral fat-body sheath in the stick in-sect, Carausius morosus 129

BERRIDGE, MICHAEL J. and PRINCE, WILLIAM T. Transepithelial potential changesduring stimulation of isolated salivary glands with 5-hydroxytryptamine andcyclic amp 139

JOHNSON, W., SODEN, P. D. and TRUEMAN, E. R. A study in jet propulsion: ananalysis of the motion of the squid, Loligo vulgaris 155

NEDERGAARD, SIGNE. Active transport of a-aminoisobutyric acid by the isolated

midgut of Hyalophora cecropia 167

PEARSON, K. G. Central programming and reflex control of walking in the cockroach 173

RIJKE, A. M. The water-holding mechanism of sandgrouse feathers . . . 1 9 5

PRATT, G. E. and DAVEY, K. G. The corpus allatum and oogenesis in Rhodnius

prolixus (Stal.). I. The effects of allatectomy 201PRATT, G. E. and DAVEY, K. G. The corpus allatum and oogenesis in Rhodnius prolixus

(Stal.). I I . The effects of starvation 215

PRATT, G. E. and DAVEY, K. G. The corpus allatum and oogenesis in Rhodnius prolixus(Stal.). I I I . The effect of mating 223

CIVIL, G. W. and THOMPSON, T . E. Experiments with the isolated heart of the

gastropod Helix pomatia in an artificial pericardium 239

vi ContentsPA

LITTLE, COLIN. The evolution of kidney function in the Neritacea (Gastropoda, _Prosbranchia) . 249

KERSTETTER, THEODORE H. and KTRSCHNER, LEONARD, B. Active chloride transport by

the gills of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) . 263

No. 2. A P R I L 1972

WILKENS, L O N A. Electrophysiological studies on the heart of the bivalve mollusc,Modiolus demissus. I. Ionic basis of the membrane potential . . . . 273

WILKENS, L O N A. Electrophysiological studies on the heart of the bivalve mollusc,

Modiolus demissus. I I . Ionic basis of the action potential . . . . . 293

BERRIDGE, M. J. The mode of action of 5-hydroxytryptamine . . . . . 3 1 1

PRINCE, WILLIAM T. and BERRIDGE, MICHAEL J. The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine

cyclic amp on the potential profile across isolated salivary glands . . 323

MURPHEY, R. K. and ZARETSKY, MALCOLM D. Orientation to calling song by femalecrickets, Scapsipedus marginatus (Gryllidae) . 335

RANKIN, MARY ANN, CALDWELL, ROY L. and DINGLE, H U G H . An analysis of a

circadian rhythm of oviposition in Oncopeltus fasciatus . . . . . 353

BRAND, A. R. The mechanism of blood circulation in Anodonta anatina (L.) (Bivalvia,Unionidae) 361

WELLS, M. J. and YOUNG, J. Z. The median inferior frontal lobe and touch learning inthe octopus . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

PIDDINGTON, R. W. Auditory discrimination between compressions and rarefactionsby goldfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

MORGAN, ELFED. The swimming of Nymphon gracile (Pycnogonida) the swimminggait 421

TWAROG, BETTY M. and HIDAKA, T . Function of the neural sheath in marine andfreshwater molluscs. Evidence for restriction of sodium loss in freshwater species 433

TUCKER, LOIS E. and PICHON, Y. Sodium efflux from the central nervous connectives ofthe cockroach . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

BABA, SHOJI A. Flexural rigidity and elastic constant of cilia . . . . . 459

WILKENS, J. L. and M C M A H O N , B. R. Aspects of branchial irrigation in the lobsterHomarus americanus. I. Functional analysis of scaphognathite beat, water pressuresand currents . 469

HUGHES, G. M. Distribution of oxygen tension in the blood and water along thesecondary lamella of the icefish gill . . . . . . . . 481

LANE, N. J. and TREHERNE, J. E. Accessibility of the central nervous connectives of

Anodonta cygnea to a compound of large molecular weight . . . . 493

EVANS, P. D. The free amino acid pool of the haemocytes of Cardnus maenas (L.) . 501

M I L L , P. J. and LOWE, D. A. An analysis of the types of sensory unit present in thePD proprioceptor of decapod crustaceans 509

Contents vii

PAGE

, R. S. and MILL, P. J. Ventilatory muscle activity in intact preparations ofaeshnid dragonfly larvae 527

MILL, P. J. and PICKARD, R. S. Anal valve movement and normal ventilation inaeshnid dragonfly larvae 537

CROMPTON, D. W. T. and NESHEIM, M. C. A note on the biliary system of thedomestic duck and a method for collecting bile 545

No. 3. J U N E 1972

PRUSCH, ROBERT D. and DUNHAM, PHILIP B. Ionic" distribution in Amoeba proteus . 551

MAETZ, J. and EVANS, D. H. Effects of temperature on branchial sodium-exchangeand extrusion mechanisms in the seawater-adapted flounder Platichtltys flesus L. 565

MOTAIS, R. and ISAIA, J. Temperature-dependence of permeability to water and tosodium of the gill epithelium of the eel Anguilla anguilla . . . . 587

MAETZ, J. Branchial sodium exchange and ammonia excretion in the goldfishCarassius auratus. Effects of ammonia-loading and temperature changes . . 601

BERRY, MICHAEL S. A system of electrically coupled small cells in the buccal gangliaof the pond snail Planorbis corneus 621

CHAPMAN, G. and PARDY, R. L. The movement of glucose and glycine through thetissues of Corymorpha palma Torrey (Coelenterata, Hydrozoa) . . . 639

ILES, J. F. Structure and synaptic activation of the fast coxal depressor motoneuroneof the cockroach, Periplaneta americana . 647

JONES, DAVID R. and HOLETON, GEORGE F. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses

of ducks to progressive hypocapnic hypoxia . . . . . . . 657

NAITOH, YUTAKA, ECKERT, ROGER and FRIEDMAN, KENNETH. A regenerative calcium

response in Paramecium 667

ECKERT, R., NAITOH, Y. and FRIEDMAN, K. Sensory mechanisms in Paramecium.

I. Two components of the electric response to mechanical stimulation of theanterior surface . 683

PATTON, MARION L. and KATER, STANLEY B. Electrotonic conduction in the optic

nerves of planorbid snails . . . . . . . . . . 695

POTTS, W. T. W. and RUDY, P. P. Aspects of osmotic and ionic regulation in the

sturgeon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703

PICHON, Y., SATTELLE, D. B. and LANE, N. J. Conduction processes in the nerve cord

of the moth Manduca sexta in relation to its ultrastructure and haemolymph ioniccomposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717

ROSE, R. M. Burst activity of the buccal ganglion of Aplysia depiluns . . 735

TERHUNIS, ELINOR C. Operant conditioning as a means of testing the ability ot white-crowned sparrows to discriminate star patterns . . . . . . 755

BROWNING, T . 0 . The penetration of some non-polar molecules in solution throughthe egg-shells of Locusta migratoria nugratorioides and TeleogryUus commodus . 769

viii Contents

CALDER, WILLIAM A. and KING, JAMES R. Body weight and the energetics of tempera-ture regulation: a re-examination 775

MUHDOCK, L. L. and KOIDL, B. Limited permeability and metabolism of L-glutamatein the locust gut wall 781

MURDOCH, L. L. and KOIDL, B. Blood metabohtes after intestinal absorption of aminoacids in locusts 795

STEVENS, E. D. Some aspects of gas exchange in tuna . . . . . . 809

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