The Akkadians- 2360-2230 B.C.E. Led by Sargon Conquered Sumerian City-States.
Independent Sumerian City-States
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Transcript of Independent Sumerian City-States
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INDEPENDENT SUMERIAN CITY-
STATES
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Do Now1. Take out your vocabulary sheet
2. Take out your Lesson 3.2 Fact-Finder
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The Emergence of Cities
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The Emergence of CitiesIn ancient times, the features of a city-
state included:
1. A walled city and the land around it, such as
farmland2. It’s own government3. Clearly marked borders4. Covered several square miles5. A population of about 5,000 people
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The Emergence of CitiesOver time, some city-states grew to:
1. More than 1,500 square miles
2. Populations of as many as 60,000 people
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The Emergence of CitiesEach city-state was independent but
people shared acommon culture which included:
1. Similar religious practices
2. They spoke the Sumerian language
3. Developed a writing system
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Emergence of Cities They also created buildings, art, and
crafts that were unique to Sumerian Society.
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Government and ReligionFirst political or government structure of
each citystate was made up of:
1. A small group of leaders
2. A chief leader chosen by the group
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Government and ReligionTogether, they made laws, decided what
work had tobe done, and dealt with disputes over land
or waterrights
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Government and ReligionWhen faced with war, different leaders
could notalways agree on what to do, so a single
leader wasneeded
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Government and ReligionThis led to the first monarchy
1. A system ruled by a king or queen
2. When a King died: his son became the new king
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Government and ReligionThe King had complete authority or power
over:
1. Religion
2. The Economy
3. Everyday Life
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Government and ReligionThe King appointed officials to carry out
his orders,often concerning economic surpluses and
buildingprojects
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Government and ReligionBelow the King, priests were the most
importantpeople in society
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Government and ReligionSumerians practiced polytheism, and their
beliefsincluded:
a. The belief in many gods
b. Each natural event had its own god
c. One god protected each city-state
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Commercial SocietyEconomic system built on surpluses, which
led to newkinds of jobs, production of new goods,
and peoplebegan to trade their surpluses
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Commercial SocietyIn each city, jobs held were:
a. Farming
b. Craft-workers
c. Metalworkers
d. Builders
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Commercial SocietySumerians depended on long distance
trade, as therewere no metals or trees found in Sumer
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Commercial SocietyExported: Agricultural surpluses, such as grains and
dates
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Commercial SocietyImported:Metals, wood, and other resources
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Commercial SocietyGroups of traders traveled together on
long journeyscalled caravans
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Commercial SocietyCarried goods by donkeys throughout the
FertileCrescent
Later traders used sailboats to carry goods on
waterways to distant places
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Commercial SocietyBy 2300 BC, Sumerian trade extended:
From Egypt and the eastern Mediterranean to as far
as the Indus Valley (Pakistan)
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Wrap Up What characteristics of common culture did all
Sumerians share?
What is a monarchy? What aspects of life did the king control?
What is polytheism? How was it practiced in
Sumer?
What are imports and exports? What goods did they import? What goods did they export?