Independent Samples t Tests SPSS
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Transcript of Independent Samples t Tests SPSS
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Independent Samples t TestsSPSS
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Read This Article
Wuensch, K. L., & Moore, C. H. (2004). Effects of physical attractiveness on evaluations of a male employee’s allegation of sexual harassment by his female employer. Journal of Social Psychology, 144, 207-217.
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Download the Data
• http://core.ecu.edu/psyc/wuenschk/SPSS/Reverse-Pattr-Guilt.sav
• These data are from the research reported in the article.
• Bring the data into SPSS.
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The Variables
The grouping variable is P_Attr1 indicates the plaintiff was attractive2 indicates that he was not attractive
The test variable is Guilt1 = definitely not guilty9 = definitely guilty
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The Values Are Already Labeled
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The Analysis
Analyze, Compare Means, Independent Samples T Test
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The Group Statistics
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The t Test
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Download Files to Estimate Cohen’s d
• Go to http://core.ecu.edu/psyc/wuenschk/SPSS/SPSS-Programs.htm
• Download two files, .sav and .sps
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Enter Values in .sav File
Enter “Equal Variances Assumed” statistics.
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Run the Syntax File
Just click on RUN, ALL.
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Look Back at the .sav File
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Write the Summary Statement
When the plaintiff was physically attractive, the jurors were significantly more certain of her guilt (M = 6.21, s = 1.81, n = 160) than when the plaintiff was not physically attractive (M = 5.52, s = 2.17, n = 164), t(314.4) = 3.08, p = .002,d = .34, 95% CI [.12, .56].
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Equal Variances Assumed or Not
• I followed Zimmerman’s advice and reported the “equal variances not assumed” t, because the sample sizes were not equal.
• But you must always use the “equal variances assumed” t and df when using the program that estimates Cohen’s d.
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SD or s• For many years, “SD” was the APA-
approved symbol for standard deviation.• In the most recent Publication Manual they
added “s” as appropriate to symbolize the sample standard deviation.
• Only time will tell whether authors shift from “SD” to “s.”