INCOSE Model -Based Systems Engineering … · Initiated in 2007 INCOSE SSWG 2007-2010 Phase 0...
Transcript of INCOSE Model -Based Systems Engineering … · Initiated in 2007 INCOSE SSWG 2007-2010 Phase 0...
INCOSE Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) CubeSat Modeling Efforts
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Copyright © 2015 INCOSE SSWG. All rights reserved
Dave Kaslow
International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) Space Systems Working Group (SSWG)
Agenda
• Project Objectives and Team
• INCOSE MBSE Initiative and Roadmap
• What is MBSE
• SSWG Challenge Project
• CubeSat Reference Model Development and Distribution
• CubeSat Reference Model Architecture
• Next Steps
• References
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Project Objectives
Prove-out MBSE methodology on a CubeSat
Provide a CubeSat Reference Model that CubeSat teams can use as a
starting point for their mission specific CubeSat model
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Team Composition
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Telecons every Friday at 1pm east coast time Meeting materials and links to meeting recordings in Google docs
Conference papers posted in INCOSE Space Systems Working Group Web Site
Email me to be included on the email reflector list: [email protected]
Aerospace Students and Professors
JPL and NASA Engineers
Engineers and Software Developers from NASA Centers, Aerospace Companies, and Modeling and Simulation Tool Providers
INCOSE MBSE Initiative - Genesis, Flow, Interaction
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International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE)
Object Modeling Group (OMG)
Unified Modeling Language
(UML)
Systems Modeling Language (SysML) [4]
2006
SE Vision 2020 [1] 2007
MBSE & SysML
MBSE Initiative & Roadmap [2] [3]
MBSE Challenge Teams
Space System Modeling
SSWG Challenge
Project
Working Groups
Object Oriented
SE Method. (OOSEM) [5]
2000
Space Systems
2000
MBSE Roadmap
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Emerging MBSE Standards
Matured MBSE methods and metrics Integrated system / HW / SW models
Architecture model integrated with simulation, analysis, and visualization
Defined MBSE theory, ontology, and formalisms
Distributed and secure model repositories crossing multiple domains
Adapted from [3]
2010 2020 2025 2015
Mat
urity
Institutionalized MBSE Across
Academia / Industry
Well Defined MBSE
Ad Hoc MBSE Document Centric
Extending Maturity and Capability
MBSE
• INCOSE Systems Engineering Vision [1]
– MBSE: Formalized application of modeling to support system requirements, design, analysis, verification, and validation activities
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• Object Management Group [4]
– OMG SysML: A graphical modeling language for modeling complex systems including hardware, software, information, personnel, procedures, and facilities
– SysML is just a language – SysML is not a methodology or a tool
• Survey of Model Based Systems Engineering Methodologies [6], [7]
– e.g. INCOSE OOSEM, IBM Telelogic Harmony SE, Vitech MBSE – MBSE: A collection of related processes, methods, and tools
MBSE
• INCOSE OOSEM [5] [8]
– Objectives • Capture and analyze requirements and design information • Integrate MBSE methods with oo software and other engineering
methods • Support system level reuse and design evolution
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‒ Activities • Analyze needs • Define system requirements • Define logical architecture • Synthesize allocated architectures • Optimize, evaluate alternatives • Validate and verify system
MBSE
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Model Elements
Blocks Actors Flow
Constraint Blocks Signals Ports
… Diagrams are views of the underlying
system model
Block Properties
Parts References
Values Constraints Operations
…
A Block is the basic unit of
structure
SysML
Structure Diagrams
Block Definition Internal Block
Behavior Diagrams Use Case
Activity Sequence
State Machine
Package Diagram
Parametric Diagram
Requirements Diagram
INCOSE Object-Oriented Systems Engineering Methodology
Interfaces with Other Models
System Modeling Tools
MBSE
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Model Based Systems Engineering
Performing SE with models
System and subsystem level models
Integration of models and simulations
Authoritative, integrated repository of information from procurement
through operations
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SSWG Challenge Project
SSWG Challenge Project
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INCOSE MBSE Challenge Project Initiated in 2007
INCOSE SSWG 2007-2010
Phase 0 Modeled a SpaceSystem
in SysML Hypothetical FireSat
Space Mission Analysis and Design (SMAD)
Enterprise Modeling for CubeSats [11]
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies [12]
MBSE CubeSat Project
Phase 1 [9]
CubeSat Framework Preliminary RAX Model
Phase 2 [10]
RAX Behavior Modeling Power, Comm, State
Recent Efforts (Phase 3)
Develop a CubeSat MBSE Reference
Model [13] [14]
Current Efforts (Phase 4)
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MBSE CubeSat Project
Initiated 2011
Radio Aurora Explorer (RAX) Mission
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• Michigan Exploration Lab and SRI International mission
• Studies formation of magnetic field aligned plasma irregularities in the lower polar ionosphere
• Radar signal is transmitted by Incoherent Scatter Radar site in Poker Flat, Alaska and received by RAX’s radar receiver
• Science data processed on-board, compressed, transmitted to the primary ground station and control center in Ann Arbor, Michigan
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STK-generated schematic of RAX spacecraft with vectors pointing towards the experimental zone, Poker Flat, AK, the sun, and along the Earth’s magnetic field.
Radio Aurora Explorer (RAX) Mission
Tools
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• No Magic – Magic Draw: Graphical SysML modeling tool – Cameo Simulation Toolkit: Time-step execution of behavior models
• InterCAX – Pararamagic: Plug-in modudle for MagicDraw - wraps external models – Systems LIfecycle Management (SLIM): Version control and config mgt
• Analytical Graphics
– Systems Tool Kit: Simulation and visualization of spacecraft behavior
• Phoenix Integration – Model Center: Graphical environment for creating simulation workflows by
integrating of simulation models including STK scenarios. – MBSE Analyzer: Execution of parametric diagrams
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Phase 2
Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Applied to
Radio Aurora Explorer (RAX) CubeSat Mission Operational Scenarios
2013 IEEE Aerospace Conference
Phase 2 - RAX Behavior Modeling - Power, Comm, State
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System Model No Magic - MagicDraw
SysML Models Block Definition Diagram Internal Block Diagram Activity Diagram State Machine Diagram Parametric Diagram
Phase 2 - RAX Behavior Modeling - Power, Comm, State
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Orbit Dynamics ‒ Orbit and attitude
‒ Data collection and ground station access opportunities ‒ Solar power collection
Analytical Graphics Systems Tool Kit
‒ Mission modeling, analysis and visualization
Power ‒ Power gathering
‒ Subsystem power usage
Phoenix Integration ModelCenter
‒ Animation of SysML parametric diagrams .
‒ Interface with STK and MATLAB
Phase 2 - RAX Behavior Modeling - Power, Comm, State
• Trades of data downlink rate, available power, and signal to noise ratio – Data downlink rate and available power => Max feasible SNR – Data downlink rate and desired SNR => Min feasible power required – Available power and desired SNR => Max feasible data downlink rate
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Communication Download ‒ Signal to noise ratio ‒ Downlink data rate ‒ Available power
InterCAX ParaMagic
‒ Execution of constraint behaviors in SysML parametric diagrams
Phase 2 - RAX Behavior Modeling - Power, Comm, State
• Model commanding of subsystems for state changes and activities as directed by a command sequence – In-view of ground station uplink of command sequence – In-view of mission object – collect mission data – In-view of ground station – downlink mission data
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Mission System Activity ‒ Behavior and interactions
No Magic Cameo Simulation Toolkit
‒ Animation of SysML state machines and activity models
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Phase 3
Integrated Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE)
Applied to the Simulation of a CubeSat Mission
2014 IEEE Aerospace Conference
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
Vehicle block definition diagram Model: Power collection and management - Data collection and management
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RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
Mapping of requirements to value properties of the Vehicle block
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RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
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State Diagrams • Orbit • Solar • Experiment • Download
Models behavior in response to internal and
external events
Parametric Diagrams • Get States • Power Collection • Update Energy • Update Data • Update Download
Mapped to analytical and simulation models
that estimate RAX performance
Activity Diagrams • Run Operation
‒ Steps through time • Update States • Send Signals
‒ Controls update of state values
• Update State Values
Defines actions in the activity along with the
flow of input, output, and control
Use of SysML diagrams in RAX CubeSat mission simulation.
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
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Trade Studies Values Studied Performance Metric
Solar Panel Area • Nominal: 18.2 cm2/side • ½ of nominal • ¼ of nominal
On-board energy
Max Battery Capacity
• Nominal: 115,000 J • Reduced: 100,000 J
On-board energy
Orbital Altitude • Nominal: 811 km x 457 km • Low: 593 km x 250 km • High: 1311 km x 932 km
Quantity of data downloaded
Ground Station Network
• Ann Arbor & Menlo Park • Ann Arbor & Fairbanks • Fairbanks & Menlo Park
Quantity of data downloaded
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
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0
1
2
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Sun
Stat
e
Ener
gy (J
)
Time (min.)
EnergySun state
Time history of energy state of nominal RAX CubeSat design
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
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0
1
2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 20 40 60 80 100
Dow
nloa
d st
ate
Dow
nloa
ded
data
(MB)
Time (min.)
Downloaded dataDownload state
Time history of download state of nominal RAX CubeSat design.
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
0 20 40 60 80 100
Ener
gy (J
)
Time (min.)
Nominal1/2 solar panel1/4 solar panelMax energy levelMin energy level
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
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Impact of solar panel sizing on energy state
RAX CubeSat Model Trade Studies
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Selection of ground stations for data download
Phase 4
Develop and Distribute a CubeSat Reference Model
2015 IEEE Aerospace Conference 2015 Space Symposium
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Development of the CubeSat Reference Model
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Foundations
Cal Poly CubeSat Design Spec [15]
INCOSE Sys. Eng. Handbook [16]
NASA Sys. Eng. Handbook [17]
Space Mission Engineering – The New SMAD [18]
Plan
Tool Set
Standards & Conventions
Guidance
Management and Sharing
Validation
Model Development
Phases of Operations
Launch, Early ops Normal ops
Life Cycles Conception to
retirement
Mission Stakeholders
Needs, Objectives Measures of Effectiveness Constraints
Model Scope
CubeSat Reference Model
SSWG Team
Out Reach Working Groups
Symposiums Workshops
Distribution and Use of the CubeSat Reference Model
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Distribution Mechanisms MagicDraw
ZIP File XMI File
OpenMBEE Teamwork Server
SSWG
CubeSat Reference Model
Video of Model Walk-Through
Copyright and License
User Feedback
Mechanisms Users
CubeSat Reference Model
CubeSat Team Mission Specific CubeSat Model
Classroom Example
CubeSat Model
Development of a Mission Specific CubeSat Model
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Mission Specific Model
Model Elements
Diagrams
Mission Specific Stakeholders Use Cases, Viewpoint
CubeSat Reference
Model
Trade Studies Requirements
Verification
Space and Ground System Components
Library of components to swap in and out of model
Interface with Modeling and
Simulation Tools
Validation and Verification Strategies
Mission Assurance
Objectives and Strategies
Stages Concept
Development Production Operational Retirement
Validation and Verification
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CubeSat Reference Model
Requirements and Logical Architecture
Test Requirements and Objectives
Rqts and Design Validation
Test System
CubeSat Reference Test Model
SW & HW Models & Simulators
Mission CubeSat Model Rqts and Design Validation
Validation and Verification
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CubeSat Mission Model
Requirements and Logical Architecture
Test Requirements and Objectives
Rqts and Design Validation
Test System
Mission CubeSat Model
SW & HW Models & Simulators
CubeSat Reference Model
Physical Architecture
Build – Validate - Verify
Mission CubeSat
As-Built Mission CubeSat
Measures of Effectiveness and Requirements
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Stakeholder Needs, Objectives,
Constraints
Mission Enterprise MOEs - Requirements
Ground System MOPs - Rqts
Subsystems
Components
Space System MOPs - Rqts
Subsystems
Components
Requirements Analysis and
Definition
Concept and Development Phase
Requirements Verification
Production Phase
MOE / MOP Definition and Validation
Model subsystems and components
needed for Trade Studies
Needs Analysis
Concept Phase
System Validation Stakeholder Needs,
MOEs, MOPs
Production Phase
CubeSat System Reference Model Architecture
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CubeSat Stakeholders
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CubeSat Mission Enterprise
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CubeSat Logical Space System
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CubeSat Logical Ground System
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Next Steps and References
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Next Steps
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• Develop model glossary / ontology
• Populate model with example: – Stakeholder needs, objectives, constraints – Mission and system requirements – MOEs and MOPs
• Demonstrate validation of MOEs and MOPs
• Provide the model to university aerospace program
References
[1] Systems Engineering Vision 2020, INCOSE –TP_2004-004-02, ver. 2/03,September 2007. [Online]. Available: http://oldsite.incose.org/ProductsPubs/pdf/SEVision2020_20071003_v2_03.pdf
[2] International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE), “MBSE Initiative,” January 2007. [Online] Available: https://connect.incose.org/
[3] MBSE Roadmap. MBSE Wiki, INCOSE MBSE IW 2012. MBSE Wiki. [Online} Available: http://www.omgwiki.org/MBSE/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=mbse:mbse_iw_2012-introduction-2012-01-21-friedenthal-c.pptx
[4] Object Management Group (OMG), OMG Website. [Online]. Available: http://www.omgsysml.org/
[5] Object Management Group (OMG), OMG Wiki. [Online]. Available: http://www.omgwiki.org/MBSE/doku.php?id=mbse:incoseoosem
[6] Survey of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodologies. INCOSE-TD-2007-003-01, Ver. B. 10 June 2008. [Online]. Available: https://oldsite.incose.org/ProductsPubs/pdf/techdata/MTTC/MBSE_Methodology_Survey_2008-0610_RevB-JAE2.pdf
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References
[7] Additional Methodologies Identified as Gaps since 2008 INCOSE Survey. MBSE Wiki, Metrics and Methodologies [Online]. Available: http://www.omgwiki.org/MBSE/doku.php?id=mbse:methodology
[8] S. Friedenthal, A. Moore, R. Steiner, A Practical Guide to SysML. 3rd ed. Elsevier, Waltham, MA, 2014
[9] S. Spangelo, D. Kaslow, C. Delp, B. Cole, L. Anderson, E. Fosse, B. Gilbert, L. Hartman, T. Kahn, and J. Cutler, “Applying Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) to a Standard CubeSat,” in Proceedings of IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, March 2012.
[10] S. Spangelo, L. Anderson, E. Fosse, L Cheng, R. Yntema, M. Bajaj, C. Delp, B. Cole, G. Soremekun, D. Kaslow, and J. Cutler, “Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Applied to Radio Explorer (RAX) CubeSat Mission Operational Scenarios,” Proceedings of IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, March 2013.
[11] L. Anderson, B. Cole, R. Yntema, M. Bajaj, S. Spangelo, D. Kaslow, C. Lowe, E. Sudano, M. Boghosian, R. Reil, S. Asundi, and S. Friedenthal, “Enterprise Modeling for CubeSats,” Proceedings of IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, March 2014.
[12] D. Kaslow, G. Soremekun, H. Kim, S. Spangelo, “Integrated Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Applied to the Simulation of a CubeSat Mission”, Proceedings of IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, March 2014.
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References
[13] D. Kaslow, L. Anderson, S. Asundi. B. Ayres, C. Iwata, B. Shiotani, R. Thompson, “Developing a CubeSat Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) Reference Model – Interim Status”, Proceedings of IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT, March 2015.
[14] D. Kaslow, L. Anderson, S. Asundi. B. Ayres, C. Iwata, B. Shiotani, R. Thompson, “Developing and Distributing a CubeSat Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) Reference Model ”, Proceedings of the 31st Space Symposium, Colorado Springs, CO, April 2015.
[15] CubeSat Design Specification, rev. 13, The CubeSat Program, Cal Poly SLO, February 2014.
[16] INCOSE Systems Engineering Handbook, v. 3.2.2, October 2011, INCOSE-TP-2003-002-03.2.2.
[17] NASA Systems Engineering Handbook, rev. 1, December 2007, NASA/SP-2007-6105 Rev1.
[18] J.R. Wertz, D. Everett, and J. Puschell, Eds., Space Mission Engineering: The New SMAD, (Space Technology. Library, Volume 28), Hawthorne, CA, Microcosm Press, 2011
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