Inception Report - Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan - S3IDF

USAID SARI/Energy 1

SOCIAL MERCHANT BANK (SMB) APPROACH: DISSEMINATION FOR BANGLADESH, PAKISTAN AND SRI LANKA INCEPTION REPORT

USAID South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy

(USAID SARI/Energy)

Contract Number 386-C-00-07-00033-00; Task Order 3.13

November 12, 2010 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by The Small Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund Inc and Tetra Tech, Inc.

SOCIAL MERCHANT BANK (SMB) APPROACH: DISSEMINATION FOR BANGLADESH, PAKISTAN AND SRI LANKA INCEPTION REPORT

USAID SOUTH ASIA REGIONAL INITIATIVE FOR ENERGY (USAID SARI/ENERGY)

Contract Number 386-C-00-07-00033-00; Task Order 3.13 November 12, 2010

Prepared for: Prepared by:

USAID/India New Delhi, India

The Small-Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund, Inc. (S3IDF) The Carriage House, 5 Hastings Square Cambridge, MA 02139 U.S.A. Tel: 617-576-0652 www.s3idf.org

Tetra Tech DLF Cyber City Building 9B, 11th Fl Gurgaon – 122 002 Haryana, India Tel: 91 124 4737400 Fax: 91 124 4737444

DISCLAIMER

This study was made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of Tetra Tech and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms 1 1. Background 2 2. Preparatory Work and Revisiting the Two Working Hypotheses 4 3. Outline of the Annexes 8 4. Proposed Schedule for Additional Task Order Activities and Workshop Hosting 9 Annexes A Pakistan – List of Invitees for the Workshop B Sri Lanka – List of Invitees for the Workshop C Bangladesh – List of Invitees for the Workshop D Questions and Comments for Bank and Other Interviews E PowerPoint Presentation for In-Country Workshops F Bibliography

USAID SARI/Energy 1

ACRONYMS

ACEF Asia Clean Energy Forum ADB Asian Development Bank AEDB Alternative Energy Development Board (Pakistan) CBO Community-based Organization FI Financial Institutions

HH Household IDCOL Infrastructure Development Company, Ltd. (Bangladesh) LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas MFI Microfinance Institution MSME Micro Small Medium Enterprise

MOU Memorandum of Understanding NGO Non-governmental Organization RF Revolving Fund S3IDF The Small-Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund, Inc. SARI/Energy South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy

SMB Social Merchant Bank Model SNV Netherlands Development Organization USAID United States Agency for International Development

USAID SARI/Energy 2

1. BACKGROUND The Small-Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund (S3IDF), Inc. was formed in 2001 in response to the limitations of traditional development approaches to providing infrastructure services to poor people. S3IDF fosters small, explicitly pro-poor investments and their associated small enterprises by bringing the technical, financial and business organizational innovations common in large infrastructure projects to the development of a portfolio of small-scale infrastructure investments benefiting the poor. S3IDF calls this enterprise-centric way of operating the Social Merchant Bank (SMB) approach. The investments S3IDF supports must explicitly benefit the poor in one or more ways (for example, customers, employees, asset owners), be environmentally responsible in their construct and operation, and operate in a financially sustainable fashion, including payment of loans from implementation onwards. The SMB approach addresses the problems facing poor people by simultaneously overcoming their lack of access to financing, technology and know-how, and facilitating the creation and implementation of viable micro, small and medium sized enterprises (MSME) that provide infrastructure services (and the strengthening of existing MSMEs). S3IDF’s SMB approach of providing “gap filling” financing makes viable, but often non-bankable small pro-poor infrastructure investments bankable, leading to co-financing by local financial institutions. S3IDF has two mission objectives: i) to continue to employ its SMB approach in southern India and ii) to disseminate its approach so that philanthropic and development capital is leveraged. This inception report describes S3IDF’s first deliverable under the SARI/Energy Task Order 005 contract with Tetra Tech ES, Inc., USAID’s institutional contractor for the SARI/Energy Project1. This task order is based on the success of S3IDF’s 2008-2009 work to disseminate and transfer the SMB approach in Nepal, which led to the Asian Development Bank’s funding of a pilot project there.2 Task Order 005 represents an analogous effort that would lead to wider regional knowledge of the SMB approach and would possibly lead to a donor supporting a pilot project and/or a government

1 S3IDF submitted its proposed Inception Report to Tetra Tech on 16 September 2010.

2 In 2008 and 2009, S3IDF completed a reconnaissance study and then a revolving fund concept study for

Nepal under SARI/Energy funding. See: “Nepal Social Merchant Bank Reconnaissance Study, September

2008” and “Nepal S3IDF Social Merchant Bank Model Revolving Fund Concept Note September 2009.”

USAID SARI/Energy 3

or other major development player adopting the SMB approach in one or more of its ongoing programs. The task order’s focus is to be on Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Its objectives are two-fold: To create knowledge and familiarity of the S3IDF SMB approach with pertinent parties

through communications and on-the-ground dissemination efforts in all three countries.

To undertake, in one of these countries, a more extensive effort that goes beyond dissemination and into the next steps towards the SMB approach’s adoption. In the country chosen for the more extensive efforts, a reconnaissance study will be undertaken to answer questions about the transfer and adoption of the SMB approach.3

It should be noted that the starting point for any dissemination of the SMB approach (and its possible ultimate transfer and adoption) in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka is much less developed than in Nepal. S3IDF’s experience in these countries is dated, key contacts are retired and, with some exceptions, S3IDF did not start this project with current and detailed knowledge of possible programs and partners for the approach’s transfer and application. These limitations and the risks are reflected in the task order’s scope of work.

3 The more extensive effort was limited to one country owing to SARI/Energy schedule and budget

constraints.

USAID SARI/Energy 4

2. PREPARATORY WORK AND REVISITING OF THE TWO WORKING HYPOTHESES

The initial work on this task was preparatory and included extensive reviews of documentation; the documents reviewed are listed in Annex F. It also included dialogues with professionals in each of the three subject countries; Tetra Tech subcontractors, donors, and individuals based in the United States (and elsewhere) who are knowledgeable of pertinent issues. Based on S3IDF’s earlier desk research and networking, it held two working hypothesis: The minimum conditions for application of the SMB model exist in all three countries. The most likely candidate for the more extensive reconnaissance-level effort is Sri Lanka.

During in the preparatory work, these two working hypothesis were revisited, as discussed below. In addition to the financial resources (development and/or philanthropic) and human / organizational resources needed to build a pipeline and portfolio of small-scale investments under the SMB approach, the SMB application requires: A legal and regulatory environment (“rules of the game”) allowing such small-scale

investments and their implementation with the SMB approach and criteria Banks and other financial institutions with term-lending experience with MSMEs, but not

necessarily with infrastructure investments Other potential partners: suppliers of technology and know-how are essential, while

activist NGOs/CBOs and government programs supporting MSMEs can also be useful. The preliminary reviews of the current policies, programs and projects of various government and donor entities and the operations of multiple bank/financial institutions (FIs) in the three countries confirm that the SMB approach can be applied in all of them. With respect to the legality of small-private energy investments that might be supported by the SMB approach, considerable experience appears to exist in each of the countries. The “rules of the game” for some types of potential investments and their allowable financing mechanisms will only be fully understood in the course of the field visits and discussions with government entities and regulators.

USAID SARI/Energy 5

However, it is clear that there are some considerable differences (because of the resource endowment) in such private investment. For example, as would be expected, there is a plethora of small-scale natural gas based generation in Bangladesh and none in Sri Lanka, which does not have this natural resource. However, small photovoltaic (PV) private systems have had some market penetration in all three countries. The market penetration of PV and some other small private energy investments have been heavily influenced by projects underwritten by international donors, which are often implemented in collaboration with local financial institutions. All three countries have financial sector policies and institutions: commercial banks, development banks, leasing companies and other specialized financial institutions (e.g., Infrastructure Development Co. Ltd. in Bangladesh4 and Etimos5 in Sri Lanka) and various entities providing micro-financing services. The micro-finance sector in each of the countries has various micro-finance institutions (MFIs) and programs, which operate under differing legal structures and regulations, and have varying areas of focus (both geographical and target sectors and/or beneficiaries). And in some instances, these MFIs are developing their capability to provide “meso” scale finance to MSMEs. These diverse and modestly well-developed financial sectors with experience in supporting fixed asset investments offer a range of possible partners/collaborators for supporting small-scale energy and other private investment employing the SMB approach. Which FIs will be the most logical candidates for partnering in an application of the SMB approach will depend on the particulars of their interest and experience, especially with regard to 1) the small scale of the investments, 2) the explicitly pro-poor criteria of the SMB, and 3) the emphasis on small-scale clean energy and productive use investments. But while noting the SMB’s focus on small-scale investments, it warrants noting that in all the countries, some commercial banks are sources of wholesale financing to entities providing micro-finance services. And in some instances, commercial banks (e.g., Hatton National Bank in Sri Lanka) are also engaged directly in micro-finance operations. As noted above, each of the three countries has at least some experience in small-scale private energy infrastructure investment. That investment would have required suppliers of know-how and technology. The research for this inception report, complemented with S3IDF’s prior working knowledge, suggest the presence of local suppliers of know how and technology, even if some or all of the technology (small natural gas generation/co-generation sets) or its components (of PV systems) is imported. This is true at least for most types of clean energy, small-scale, pro-poor projects and associated enterprise investments with which S3IDF has experience or knowledge in the South India marketplace and is applicable to Bangladesh, Pakistan and/or Sri Lanka.

4 Infrastructure Development Co. Ltd. (IDCOL) provides financial intermediation for both national and

international funders to support both large-scale infrastructure and small-scale investments (e.g., PV

systems for households). 5 Etimos is a private Italian wholesale funder of micro-finance institutions.

USAID SARI/Energy 6

Our working hypothesis was that Sri Lanka would be the candidate for the more extensive reconnaissance-level work. This hypothesis was confirmed by preparatory work, which indicated:

1) Some clean-energy projects and associated enterprise investment types, for which:

a) the SMB approach would be appropriate b) there appears be significant pro-poor market potential c) it appears to be feasible to implement in a pilot portfolio d) the major donors have not addressed, but have the sufficient potential for

scale-up such that the donors and government might be interested in a SMB application.

These investment types include, but are not necessarily limited to:

a) ones related to the use of biogas technology for cottage-scale dairy operations and in other agriculture producers and value addition, particularly in pro-poor agro processing applications, as well use of system outputs (slurry)

b) investment to allow poor-households and cottage industries to benefit from LPG use (overcoming equipment technology access and financing constraints)

c) productive use investments on the “customer side of the meter” (e.g., sewing machines, small spice grinders, rice milling, and fruit processing), allowing poor-households and cottage industries greater benefit from grid access being supported by other programs.

2) Banks and other FIs whose experience fits more than minimum requirements (see above), including financial intermediation experience for major donor programs in support of other small clean energy investments

3) Some other potential partners (know-how and technology suppliers) pertinent to the investment types mentioned in 1). Some of these potential partners may be candidates for investments to strengthen their capability.

4) Both in-country and international community interest in possibly supporting an SMB application in Sri Lanka based on informal communications.

In Bangladesh and Pakistan, the preparatory investigations did not simply reinforce the pre-project hypothesis of the conditions existing for the application of the SMB. S3IDF’s work indicated some findings analogous to those for Sri Lanka. Consequently, at this point, we have a positive view that the in-country dissemination workshop and related meetings may lead to suggestions that resources will be found for a more extensive reconnaissance study effort. However, at this point one caveat must be added due to the tragic flooding that Pakistan has recently experienced. Even once the need for immediate relief operations lessens, some relief

USAID SARI/Energy 7

operation will continue and considerable rehabilitation operations are, of necessity, going to dominate the activities of many government entities, MFI know-how and technology suppliers that might be candidates for partnering on an application of the quasi-commercial SMB approach may be consumed by the more pressing need for flood relief. Thus, in addition to possibly affecting the scheduling of the workshop, even assuming positive feedback, a possible more extensive reconnaissance study effort will need special consideration in light of these rehabilitation and post-rehabilitation realities.

USAID SARI/Energy 8

3. OUTLINE OF THE ANNEXES The annexes to this inception report present: Annexes A-C. These annexes contain an evolving list of institutions in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka (and where feasible, individuals within them) to participate in the country workshops and/or to meet with). S3IDF prepared the initial lists and sent them to the Tetra Tech subcontractors in each country for review and suggestions. Each list was based on the preparatory research undertaken (see Annex F) and included banks/FIs, pertinent government entities, providers of know-how and technology, and entities involved in small-sale investments and/or their associations/organizations, donors and selected individuals with relevant knowledge/experience. Subsequently, additions were suggested by the Tetra Tech subcontractors, often based on meetings or telephone interviews suggested by S3IDF or their own judgments. There has been an ongoing dialogue (between S3IDF and the Tetra Tech subcontractors) on additions, including trying to hold the list to 50 or 60 pertinent and interested invitees to facilitate a more informal workshop environment. Dialogue on changes, including deletions and prioritization, is continuing (there will likely be some additions up to the time of the workshops). The list for Sri Lanka is the most detailed and complete, as this will be the first of the three workshops (see Section 4).6 Annex D. This annex contains a list of questions/check list for critical meetings and interview categories, especially for banks and selected other types of entities. Annex E. This annex provides a generic PowerPoint presentation that gives background on S3IDF, its SMB model and enterprise-centric approach to dealing with pro-poor infrastructure and other development challenges. It will be used in the country workshops/meetings, with some changes/edits to “customize” it for use in particular countries. Annex F. This annex contains the bibliography of initial research conducted for this task.

6 The recent flooding in Pakistan exacerbated the challenge Tetra Tech subcontractors faced in reaching

some of the contacts with whom preliminary discussions were held.

USAID SARI/Energy 9

4. PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR ADDITIONAL TASK ORDER ACTIVITIES AND WORKSHOP HOSTING

A number of task order activities remain, all of which require in-country work in the three focus counties: Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. S3IDF will hold meetings with entities in each country; in Sri Lanka it will hold more meetings and conduct a greater number of analyses. In each country, a key element will be the workshops, which will present the S3IDF’s SMB approach, and seek feedback and interest in its application and potential partners. The proposed invitees for these workshops are shown in Annexes A-C. As noted above, while relatively complete, these lists are subject to change up to the time of the workshop. There will also be a workshop in New Delhi, India to present S3IDF’s SMB approach to donors and others that USAID, SARI/Energy and S3IDF think appropriate. It was judged that in each country, it would be very helpful that the workshop be hosted by an interested local institution and whose involvement, including the issuing of invitations, would increase the possibility of invitees attending. Research and outreach for such hosts began early in the task order and in two cases were helped by communications prior to meeting and at the Asian Development Bank (ADB). These Manila meetings resulted in tentative commitments to host the workshops by Mr. Arif Alauddin of the Pakistan Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB) and Mr. Islam Sharif of the Infrastructure Development Company, Ltd. (IDCOL) of Bangladesh. Tetra Tech in-country subcontractors held in-country meetings with both Messrs. Alauddin and Sharif, who indicated their commitment with the understanding that the expenses for the workshop are to be borne by the Tetra Tech in-country subcontractor.7 The hosting of the Sri Lanka workshop has yet to be finalized, a few appropriate candidates have been identified and discussions are continuing. It is assumed that the New Delhi workshop will be hosted by USAID and SARI/Energy, but no particulars other than the date have been set. The tentative schedules for the workshops and the other in-country meetings are:|

7 This assumption is consistent with the S3IDF agreement with Tetra Tech, and the agreements between

Tetra Tech and its in-country subcontractors, EnergySolve International, Engineers Associates Limited, and

Hagler Bailly Pakistan.

USAID SARI/Energy 10

Sri Lanka8 October 1, 2010 Bangladesh December 2010 (possibly later) Pakistan December 2010 or January 2011 (possibly later) New Delhi April 2011. The last three dates are still under discussion with the Tetra Tech subcontractors and the local entities that agreed to act as the workshops’ hosts, and the dates are partly dependent on the host schedules. The Sri Lanka schedule is fairly firm.

8 This workshop occurred on 1 October 2010 as scheduled.


Annex A. PAKISTAN – LIST OF INVITEES FOR THE WORKSHOP

HOST: Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB) House 3, Street 8, F-8/3, Islamabad, Pakistan Mr. Arif Alauddin, Chief Executive Officer +92 (51) 926 2956, 926 2947-50; +92 (300) 854 8914

Microfinance Institutions and Banks

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 1. Khushhali Bank (KB) 2. Kashf Microfinance Bank M. Umer Farooq

Head of Operations Department [email protected] Telephone: +92 (51) 111 092 092; Fax: + 92 (51) 9245120

3. The First MicroFinance Bank Ltd. (FMFB)

4. Rozgar Microfinance Bank Ltd. (RMFB)

5. Network Micro Finance Bank Ltd. (NMFB)

6. Tameer Microfinance Bank Ltd. (TMFB)

7. Pak-Oman Microfinance Bank Ltd. (POMFB)

8. Kashf Foundation 9. Zarai Taraqiati Bank Ltd.

(ZTBL)

10. The Bank of Khyber 11. Sindh Agricultural and Forestry

Workers Cooperative Organization (SAFWCO)

12. Akhuwat 13. Orangi Pilot Project (OPP) 14. Asasah 15. Development Action for


No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details Mobilization and Emancipation (DAMEN)

16. Community Support Concern (CSC)

17. PMN Pakistan Micro Finance Network

18. Tanner Microfinance Bnak 19. First Microfiance Bank

Commercial Finance Institutions

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 20. ORIX Leasing Pakistan Ltd.

(OLP)

21. Muslim Commercial Bank Limited

22. United Bank Limited 23. Habib Bank Limited 24. Allied Bank Limited 25. Shore Bank International 26. Cresent Commercial Bank 27. Standard Charter Bank 28. National Bank of Pakistan 29. First Women Bank 30. State Bank of Pakistan


Rural Support Programs No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 31. National Rural Support

Programme (NRSP) Dr. Rashid Bajwa Chief Financial Officer

46, Agha Khan Road, F-6/4, Islamabad 051-282 2324

32. Punjab Rural Support Programme (PRSP)

33. Sarhad Rural Support Programme (SRSP)

34. Thardeep Rural Development Programme (TRDP)

35. Lachi Poverty Reduction Project (LPRP)


Non-Governmental Organizations No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 36. Taraqee Foundation (TF) 37. Sungi Development Foundation

(SDF)

38. Jinnah Welfare Society (JWS) 39. Save the Poor (STP) 40. Sindh Rural Support Program

(SRSP)

41. Organization for Participatory Development (OPD)

42. Rural Community Development Society (RCDS)

43. Centre for Women Cooperative Development (CWCD)

44. Swabi Women’s Welfare Society (SWWS)

45. Narowal Rural Development Programme (NRDP)

46. BRAC


Donors No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 47. USAID Staff Syed Farrukh Hussain

Country Coordinator American Embassy, RAMNA 5, Diplomatic Enclave, Islamabad +92 51-2851484 [email protected]

48. AKF- Aga Khan Foundation and its Affiliates AK Agency for Micro Finance AKRSP Aga Khan Rural Support Program.

Mr Hussain Tejany Director

Aga Khan Agency for Microfinance; The First MicroFinanceBank Ltd; Plot No. 4, Ground Floor; Evacuee Trust Complex; Aga Khan Road F-5/1; Islamabad Tel: +92 51 282 4450 Fax: +92 51 282 1817

49. PPAF Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund

50. Buksh Foundation 51. Asian Development Bank Rune Stroem

Country Director 8th Floor, Serena Office Complex, G-5, Islamabad +92 (51) 260 0351-69 +92 (301) 532 2429 [email protected]

52. The World Bank 53. DFID 54. IFAD 55. Pakistan Council for

Philanthropy Mr Anjum Riaz Ul Haq Executive Director

[email protected] H#1-A, St# 14, F-8/3, Islamabad, Pakistan 051-282 2324 051-285 5903-4

56. GTZ 57. KfW


Government Entities No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 58. Ministry of Finance 59. Min Industries, Production and

Special Initiatives

60. Planning Commission of Pakistan

Technology Providers and Research Organizations

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 61. Energia Pakistan 62. SDPI Sustainable Development

Policy Institute

63. PCRET Pakistan Council for Renewable Energy Technologies

Individuals

No. Name, Position: Organization: Contact Details 64. Javed Rashid 65. Sara Bird


Annex B. SRI LANKA – LIST OF INVITEES FOR THE WORKSHOP HOST: To be determined. Banks

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 1. DFCC (Development

Finance Corporation of Ceylon)

Chandana Dharmawardana Vice President of Corporate Banking and DFCC Consulting

[email protected] O: 112442442

2. Hatton National Bank Rekogama Project Relationship Manager


3. Bank of Ceylon Thisera Chief Manager, Development Banking

[email protected]

4. Peoples Bank Ariyapala DGM Corporate & Development Banking

[email protected] O: 2481578 F: 2436557

5. Sansa Development Bank Group

B J P Samantha AGM Finance

[email protected] O: 2832570/515

6. SEEDS Group (MFI) Shakila Wijewardena Managing Director

[email protected] O: 5558081/85

7. Central Bank of Sri Lanka

Mr. Karunarathne Assistant Governor CBSL

[email protected] M: 2477003

8. Regional Development Bank

Mr. Pihillanda Credit AGM

O: 2302360


Government Entities

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 9. Sustainable Energy

Authority Dr. O K Dissanayake Chairman

[email protected] M: 777578134 O: 2682969 F: 2682969

10. Ministry of Livestock Development

Mr. A H Gamage Secretary


11. Ministry of Finance Dr. Jayaweera Director General, Dept of Development Finance


12. Department of Industries – at provincial council

Sumith Suraweera Secretary, Industrial Ministry, Uva Province


13. Regulating Authority of Microfinance Institutions

To be set up after Cabinet approval


Non-Governmental Organizations

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 14. Etimos Italian private wholesale funder of MFIs, etc. Names difficult to get

from embassy 15. Care Michael Rivaldo

Country Director [email protected] O: 94115662905/100 F: 112693168

16. Practical Action Namiz Musafer Country Manager – Sri Lanka


Donors

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 17. JICA Serasinghe

Senior Project Specialist [email protected] O: 94-11-2300470/3123 94-11-2303700 F: 94-11-2303696

18. World Bank – International Finance Corporation (IFC)

Thushari Hewapatirana Consultant, Microfinance

[email protected] O: 4740957/113 5742100 F: 4795017

19. Asian Development Bank Richard Vokes Country Director

[email protected] O: 94 11 2387 055

20. GTZ Roshini Fernando Senior Microfinance Specialist


21. AusAid (under the Australian Embassy in SL)

Miss Sundari Jayasooriya Senior Program Manager


22. United Nations Development Programme

Dr. Ananda Mallawathanthri Assistant Resident Representative, Energy and Environment

[email protected] O: 94-112-580691 F: 94-112-581116 2501396


No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 23. Mr. Ramitha Wijethunga

National Program Officer [email protected]

24. USAID Priyanka DissanayakeProject Management Specialist - Natural Resource

[email protected] M: +94 (77) 7222514 O: +94 (11) 2498019 F: +94 112472850 /60

Department of International Development (DFID)

No longer in Sri Lanka

KfW No longer in Sri Lanka Government of China

Development Program No information found

Power/Energy Sectors, Know-How Providers

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 25. Energy Forum Ashoka Abeygonawardena

Executive Director [email protected] O: 112817710 F: 115532188

26. Sri Lanka Energy Managers’ Association

Ananda Piyathilaka President

[email protected] M: +94 (77) 3572663 O: +94 (11) 2665737 F: +94 (11) 5549908

27. Sri Lanka Biogas Association

Prof. Ajith De Alwis President

28. National Cleaner Production Center

V R Sena Peris Director


29. Geehanthie Werasinghe Assistant Director

[email protected] Same phone numbers as above

30. SOFA Bernard Ranaweera President

[email protected] [email protected] O: 667390900 F: 667390901


No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 31. LAUGFS GAS Nalin Abewardena

Manager Bulk Sales/Special Events


Individuals

No. Name, Position: Contact Details 32. GBA Fernando

Retired Director of Energy Planning Cannot Locate

33. K K Pirera Formerly of Innovation Fund (?)

Cannot Locate

34. Anil Cabarral Advisor, World Bank/IFC Lighting Africa Program Consultant, Renewable and Rural Energy

[email protected] M: 94-777-842-830 O/H: 94-11-230-7665 Empire Residencies A/23/2 No. 5 Braybrooke Place, Colombo 2

35. Dr. Wasantha Piyadasa Formerly Director, Ministry of Livestock Development

M: 0718015834 0772672006 H: 2956608

36. Lalith Pieris Cannot Locate


Annex C. BANGLADESH – LIST OF INVITEES FOR THE WORKSHOP HOST: Infrastructure Development Company, Ltd (IDCOL) UTC Building, Level 6; 8, Panthapath, Karwanbazar, Dhaka-1215 Mr. Islam Sharif, Chief Executive Officer Schedule Banks

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 1. Bangladesh Bank Mr. S.M. Moiruzzaman

General Manager, Agriculture Credit Department

Annex-Building-2 (25th Floor) Head Office, Motijheel C/A Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Tel.: 7120947 Mob.: 01553561630

2. Agrani Bank Ltd. Mr. Syed Abdul Hamid Managing Director and CEO

9D Dilkusha Commercial Area; Dhaka-1000 Tel: 7160834, 7160805 PBX Range: 9566153-54 9566160-69,9566074-75 Fax: (+8802) 956 2346, 956 3662 E-mail: [email protected]

3. Janata Bank Ltd., S.M. Aminur Rahman CEO and Managing Director

110, Motijheel C/A, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Phone: 880-2-7169287 [email protected]

4. Sonali Bank Ltd. Mr. Humayun Kabir Managing Director and CEO

35-42,44 Motijheel C/A; Dhaka -1000 Pabx - 9550426-31, 33, 34, 9552924 Fax - 88-02-9561410, 88-02-9552007 e-mail: [email protected],[email protected]

5. Karmasangsthan Bank 1 Rajuk Avenue, Dhaka-1000 Tel: 7164343, 9562290 Fax: 88-02-9557594 e-mail: [email protected]


6. Brac Bank Ltd. Mr. Syed Mahbubur Rahman Managing Director and CEO

1 Gulshan Avenue; Gulshan -1; Dhaka 1212 Phone: 880-2-885 9202 Fax: 880-2-986 0395 e-mail: [email protected]

Specialized Development Bank

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 7. Grameen Bank Grameen Bank Bhaban

Mirpur - 2, Dhaka -1216 Bangladesh Phone : (880-2) 8011138 Fax : (880-2) 8013559 Email : [email protected]

8. Bangladesh Krishi Bank Ltd.

Krishi Bank Bhaban 83-85 Motijheel Commercial Area Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh Phone : 9560021

9. BASIC Bank Ltd Mr. Sheikh Abdul Hye Bacchu Chairman

Sena Kalyan Bhaban (5th Fl.); 195 Motijheel C/A, Dhaka-1000 Tel: 880-2-9568190, 9564830, 7175691, 7175692, 9556616 Fax: 88-02-9564829, 7115612, 7124911, 7125653 E-mail: [email protected]

Non-Governmental Organizations

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 10. ASA Md. Shafiqual Haque Choudhury

Founder and President ASA Central Office: ASA Tower, 23/3, Khilji Road,Shyamoli, Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207 Phone: (+ 880-2) 811 0934 - 5, 811 9828, 815 5083 Fax: (+ 880-2) 912 1861, 811 1175 E-mail: [email protected]

11. BRAC Fazle Hossain Abed Founder

BRAC Centre; 75 Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212 Tel: + 880-2-9881265 Ext: 2155, 2158, 2159, 2161 Fax: +880-2-8823542 E-mail: [email protected]


No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 12. Swanirvar Bangladesh S.M. Al–Husainy

Executive Chairman 5/5 Block-C, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207 Tel. 9116808, 9116558, 8100219 Mob.: 01711523410 e-mail: [email protected]

13. TMSS Prof. Dr. Hosne-Ara Begum Executive Director

631/5 West Kazi Para, Mirpur, Section-10, Dhaka-1216 Tel: 880-2-8057 e-mail: [email protected]

14. RDRS Kamaluddin Akbar Executive Director

RDRS Bangladesh Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service House 43, Road 10, Sector 6, Uttara, Dhaka-1230 Tel: 880-2-895 4384 - 85 Fax: 880-2-895 4391 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.rdrsbangla.net

15. BURO Zakir Hossain Executive Director

Head Office House No. 12/A, Block No. CEN(F), Road No. 104, Gulshan-2, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh Tel. : 88-02-8857876, 8832912, 8834283 Fax:88-02-8858447 e-mail: [email protected]

16. MIDAS Abdul Karim Managing Director

Nahar Green Summit(2nd Floor) House No. 43, Road No. 16 (New) 27 (Old) Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209, Tel: 02-8116094-5, 8116186-7 Fax : 8111188 Email : [email protected]

17. Palli Karma Sahayak Foundation (PKSF)

Dr. Kazi Mesbah Uddin Ahmed Managing Director

PKSF Bhaban, Plot: E-4/B,Agargaon Administrative Area, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka – 1207 Tel: 880-2-9126240, 880-2-9126244

Donors No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 18. ADB Mr. Rahman Murshed Plot No. E-31; Sher-e-Banglanagar; Dhaka 1207; GPO 2100


Telephone: +880 2 815 6000-8, 815 6009-16 Fax: +880 2 815 6018-19 Tel: 8156000 ext 241 e-mail: [email protected]

19. WB Md. Iqbal Senior Energy Specialist

Tel: 8159001 ext 116 e-mail: [email protected]

20. USAID Mr. Sher Mohammed Khan Senior Energy Advisor

Tel: 8855500 ext. 2072 e-mail: [email protected]

21. Dutch 22. Norway 23. DANIDA 24. IDB 25. JICA 26. KfW Tazmilur Rahman

Senior Power Manager e-mail: [email protected]

27. GTZ Siddique Zobair Senior Advisor

e-mail: [email protected]

28. Mr. M. Dlder Ahmed Toufiq


Government Entities

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 29. Power Division,

MOPEMR Mr. Abul Kalam Azad Secretary

30. Energy Division Mr. Mesbah Uddin Ahmed Secretary

31. Power Cell Sayeed Ahmed Director (Technical)

Bidyut Bhaban, 1, Abdul Gani Raod, Dhaka-1000 Tel.: 9554179 e-mail: [email protected]

32. NGO affairs Bureau Mustak Hassan Md. Iftekhar Director General

Prime Minister’s Office; Matshaya Bhaban (9th Floor) 13 # Shaheed Captain Mansur Ali Sarani; Ramna, Dhaka-1000 Telephone : 9562743-5, 9562837(direct) Fax : 9562844

33. Microcredit Regulatory Authority

Mr. Khandakar Mazharul Haque Executive Vice Chairman

62/3 Purana Paltan, National Sports Council Tower 11th Floor, Dhaka-1000 Tel.: 9514652-54 Fax: 9559756 e-mail: [email protected]

Power/Energy Sectors

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 34. Bangladesh Power

Development Board (BPDB)

S.M. Alamgir Kabir Chairman

WAPDA Buildong (1st Floor); Motijheel, Dhaka-1000 Phone: 9562154, 9563532 e-mail: [email protected]

35. DPDC Bidyut Bhaban (12th Floor) 1, Abdul Gani Raod, Dhaka-1000 Tel.: 9666894 Mob.: 01713 255001

36. Dhaka Electric Supply Company (DESCO)

Md. Saleh Ahmed Managing Director

House No. 3, Road No. 24, Block-K; Banani, Dhaka Phone: 8854648, 8859642 Mob.: 01711563433

37. Rural Electrification Board (REB)

Md. Shafiqul Islam Bhuiyan Chairman

Joar Sahar, Dhaka Phone: 8916412


No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 38. Dhaka PBS-1 Polashabri, Nabinagar, Savar, Dhaka-1344

Tel: 02-7791610 Fax: 02 7708490

39. Narsingdi PBS-2 Chouala, Narsingdi Tel:02-9350580, 0628-62320

40. Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission (BERC)

Mr. Syed Yusuf Hossain Chairman

TCB Bhaban (3rd Floor); 1, Kawran Bazar, Dhaka-1215. Telephone 880-2-9140125 FAX 880-2-8155743

41. West Zone Power Distribution Co Ltd

S.M. Haider Ali Managing Director

e-mail: [email protected]

Gas/Energy Sectors

No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 42. Petrobangla Dr. Hossain Manzur

Chairman Petro Center, 3, Karwan Bazar, Dhaka Phone: 8114972

43. Bangladesh Petroleum Corporation (BPC)

Anwarul Karim Chairman

1/1 Pioneer Road YMCA Building (2nd Floor) Kakrail, Dhaka Phone: 8313705

44. Padma Oil Co. Ltd Md. Abul Khair Managing Director

Corporate Office: Padma Bhavan; Strand Road Chittgong – 4000 Resident Office: 6 Paribagh, Dhaka Phone: +031 614235-7, +031 637748-9 Fax: +031 618312


Technology Providers/Research Organizations No. Organization: Name, Position Contact Details 45. Institute of Fuel

Research & Development (IFRD), BCSIR

Institute of Fuel Research and Development BCSIR, Dhaka Phone : 8622908 Fax : 880-2-8613022

46. Grameen Shakti Mr. Abser Kamal Managing Director

Grameen Bank Bhaban; Mirpur-2, Dhaka-1216 Tel.: 9004081, 9004314 Fax: 8035345 [email protected]; [email protected]

47. Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Limited

Mr. Sohel Ahmed General Manager

260/B Tejgaon I/A, Dhaka 1205 Tel: 8832206-8 Fax: 8832209 e-mail: [email protected]

48. Institute of Appropriate Technology(IAT), BUET

Dr. M. Kamal Uddin Professor and Director

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka-1000 [email protected]

49. Center for Energy Studies, BUET

Dr. Ashraful Islam Professor and Director

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology; Dhaka 1000 Tel: + 880-2-9665650/ext. 7304 Fax: + 880-2-8613046 Email: [email protected]

50. Renewable Energy Research Center, Dhaka University

Prof. Dr. Rezaul Karim Mazumder Director

University of Dhaka; Dhaka-1000 Phone: Ph:880-9661900/4570, 9677125


Individuals

No. Name: Position, Organization (current and/or prior):

Contact Details

51. Dr. M. Nazrul Islam

Ex-Secretary, Planning Commission, GOB

52. Prof. Nurul Islam Energy Expert, IAT, BUET Tel: 9662365 Mob.: 01726444489 e-mail: [email protected]

53. Dr. Abdul Matin Apt. No. 302, House No. 25, Road No. 104, Gulshan-2 Tel.: 8881393 e-mail: [email protected]

54. Dr. M. Tamim Ex-Energy Advisor, MOEPMR, GOB

55. Md. Mosharraf Hossain Ex-Chairman, Petrobangla 102 Elephant Road; Dhaka-1205 Phone: 9612011 Mob.: 01199126525 e-mail: [email protected]

56. Mr. Dipal Barua Chief Executive Officer, Bright Green Energy Foundation

House 77, Level-7, Road No. 9, Block-C, Niketan; Gulshan-1, Dhaka 1212 Mob. 01713500500 e-mail.: [email protected]

57. Mr. Aftab Uddin Ahmed

64, Bijoynagar, Dhaka e-mail: [email protected] mob.: 01711685999

58. Nuruddin Mahmud Kamal

Ex-Chairman, BPDB


Annex D. QUESTIONS, GUIDANCE, AND NOTES FOR BANK(S) INTERVIEWS AND OTHERS D.1 BANKS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Note 1. Banks and other financial institutions that may attend the workshops, and a subset that

may be interviewed appear in Annexes A, B, and C. Note 2. The questions address issues that may be useful to cover in the workshops’ question-and-

answer period as well as in interviews. Note 3. These questions and the issues they address are really a “check list”; in many instances

the questions may need to be tailored/modified depending on whether one is meeting:

a national or even international bank a regional bank Microfinance Institution (MFI) – national or local – of different types including savings

and credit cooperatives, or other cooperatives that provide financing local branch of any bank (unlikely) a leasing company any other FI entities that might be relevant, for example, if there are funds or other

entities that offer debt and/or equity especially to SMEs in the sectors of interest – energy and agriculture (biogas and related activities).

Note 4. From the preliminary research for many banks/FIs, we already know some particulars about relevant transaction experience in the three countries.

Note 5. In some instances, the preliminary research gave us a familiarity with a subjects (priority

sector lending, MFI wholesale/re-finance or intermediation experience for government or donor programs/projects) prior to any interviews.

Note 6. In general, the more detailed of these questions will only be used in interviews that are in the “reconnaissance study” country (at present, Sri Lanka).


1. Briefing Start with a short briefing of the S3IDF-SARI/Energy SMB dissemination task. Briefly mention (if necessary) some information about S3IDF’s experience with banks in India and now Nepal. Be sure to touch upon the possibly of a wide range of transactions (perhaps give examples, note ones in the PPT – see Annex 5). Emphasize that while investments are small scale, there is some range in investment size and potential in the many thousands of such investments. Indicate that the overall purposes of the interview are multiple: Where they operate The nature of their operations Instruments and terms for their financing Contacts for further bank/FI -specific information, both this office and others (e.g., their

branches) Interest in participating in the possible dissemination follow-up in one form or another,

but - especially as a provider of term loans for the small investments - perhaps as a “host” in the follow-up revolving fund [if/when it is created, some

of the banks without much footprint might be interested in such an option if it would clearly meet some of their priority lending requirements (if such exist –see below)]

would this interest vary depending on certain factors such as the location/district (perhaps they have priority sector lending requirements with geographic characteristics, these could be internal or imposed by the regulator); other factors?

suggestions for other sources (bank and non-bank) of information and/or contacts that might be useful.

if there is interest, after further discussion covering points below, perhaps schedule a follow-up interview

2. Footprint What is their footprint (for the larger banks/MFIs in terms of specific presence of branches/offices in various districts/provinces)? Number and distribution of branches Related matter of decision responsibility at the branch level, for the size of transactions

we will be considering? 3. Scope of Their Businesses, Terms of Their Support and Related Matters What is the overall scope of their businesses (in the markets we are interested in); what lines of business are they engaged in? What type of license do they hold, which regulators/regulations they operate under What is the menu of financing (or other) support they offer and are these offered only

through the bank as a legal (and regulated) entity, or in the case of large FIs also through


subsidiaries/affiliated establishments; examples of some particulars of interest (see below)

Types of debt financing; especially term lending for MSME hard assets 1) What are the terms and conditions

- Tenure, interest rates - Security/hypothecation requirements - Any special non-security for HH, MSMEs - What kind of guarantees have been involved, if any

2) Any special priority/deprived sector lending 3) Any explicit small energy/infrastructure lending

Sources, costs of funds, spreads 1) Market, at what terms 2) Wholesale sources at what terms 3) What are the operating spreads 4) How these vary by transaction type and/or source of funds.

Do they do leasing, have leasing subsidiaries other than rolling stock (e.g., trucks) or any

small energy/infrastructure leasing? Do they do refinance/on-lending to MFIs or other small FIs (local credit cooperatives,

any NGO doing some banking functions). This could be special case of the last bullet in this list.

Do they do equity or other non-debt investment financing, do they have investment subsidiaries/affiliates that might be relevant (an SME investment corporation)

Do they have an investment arm/affiliate/subsidiary that would be a candidate for involvement

Which, if any, of the above are “regulation driven”; how do they meet their priority sector lending requirements? (and how do we get details).

4. Donor/Government Driven Intermediation Experience What, if any, is their experience in implementing/cooperating with the programs of governments, donors (bilateral of multilateral) or others (foundations)? If experience exists, with what donor (e.g., ADB WB, IFC, DFID)? What are some of the particulars regarding experience with the following: Financing as a financial intermediary. If experience exists, more details (only money

from others, or some of own; who/how is deal flow originated, etc). o Have they played an APEX vetting role for other FIs into the program o Other non-direct transaction roles (trustee accounts)

Financing as a co-financer of deal flows originating an intermediation program/initiative

or with a development bank Technical assistance role in the provision of business/technical assistance, as the direct

provider, or only as co-operating partner?


o If experience exists, details of how this is organized, delivered: - unit in the FI - outsourced - some combination.

5. Other Own Programs (could be part of #3) Aside from any regulation-driven activity (e.g., priority lending), do they have any special internally driven programs and/or financing terms we should know about, for example, one for MSMEs or NGOs? 6. Drilling Down to Get Reactions and Solicit Interest Might not be appropriate or feasible for the first interview, but may be important for follow-up interviews if we determine interest in participating in the follow-up. Much of the additional questioning will depend on what is learned from questions above. If they have some relevant experience (e.g., MSME term lending, not necessarily for

energy) go through typical transactions, see how they did them, where deal originated, what were the terms.

Brainstorm; get their ideas about the possible follow-up and how they/others could cooperate.

Request that they provide contacts for selected pertinent transaction(s) so we might interview the source of the financing.

7. Special Client Relationships This line of questions also might not be appropriate for the first interview or at all, and is likely only for “big” players. It is included here for completeness.

Do they have existing client relationships with entities that might logically be partners? Examples: large business like NGOs; MFIs, cooperative banks. Are there any corporations with CSR programs.

If willing, how do they suggest they help us build on these relationships?

D.2 OTHER ENTITIES, ESPECIALLY KNOW-HOW AND TECHNOLOGY PROVIDERS

Note 1. This is much less detailed, as the obvious focus is transaction experience

Note 2. This is most pertinent to Sri Lanka. At this stage in the preparatory work, we

have already focused on a few small investment project types/technologies that have not had the attention or support they deserve, all of which could meet S3IDF pro-poor criteria: Productive-use investments on the customer side of the meter (e.g., pumps,

small-grinders, small reverse osmosis for potable water); there is a new (not


started) ADB project to support electricity connections for poor HHs; if its real scope is limited, we may also consider such investments.

LPG systems for HH, small enterprises – cookers/stoves, cylinders, lanterns, and perhaps pressure cookers and selected other equipment. Cook-shops as S3IDF has done in India may also be considered depending on the feedback we receive in meetings

Biogas and Biogas-Based Systems/End Uses [including slurry use] Based on S3IDF’s investment experience and our research for this initiative, this is actually a class of investments that is quite large. Some non-unique categorization would be terms of: – Feedstock utilized (animal, human or various agricultural/agro-industry or

even other wastes that can be digested via bio-methanation; these feed stocks will generally have different sites types associated –HH, dairies, agro industry etc.

– Bio-digestion technology/designs employed – End-use of the gas and the slurry.

Questions for These Entities 1. What technology/technologies, supply (e.g., LPG) and/or know-how do they

sell/provide? 2. Can they outline their supply chain?

a) What provinces/areas do they serve? b) Branches or distributers or other mechanisms (e.g., via co-ops)?

3. Can they outline the pricing of their technology, etc.? 4. Can they outline how their customers pay/finance what they supply?

a) Do they have an active financing role if any (e.g., supplier financing)? b) Do they have any special programs of their own or in collaboration with a bank?


Annex E. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION FOR COUNTRY WORKSHOPS


Annex F. BIBLIOGRAPHY F.1 GENERAL/MULTI-COUNTRY Asian Development Bank: Climate Change and Energy Study Workshop: March 26-27, 2009.

http://www.adb.org/documents/events/2009/Climate-Change-Energy-Workshop/ deLucia and Associates, Inc. Financial Intermediation in Support of Small-Scale Energy

Investments. Prepared for the World Bank Group. Cambridge. July 1998. deLucia, Russell J. Fostering Small-Scale Natural Gas Projects in Developing Countries.

Prepared for Shell Foundation Sustainable Energy Programme Concept Paper. Cambridge, MA: deLucia and Associates, Inc. October 2000.

Fernando, A. Nimal. Low Income Households’ Access to Financial Services – International

Experience, Measures for Improvement, and the Future. Asian Development Bank. 2007. http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Low-Income-Households/low-income-household.pdf

Islamic Development Bank: www.isdb.org The PALISA Group. “Philanthropy and Law in South Asia: Recent Developments in Bangladesh,

India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.” Asia Pacific Philanthropy Consortium. September 2007. http://www.asiapacificphilanthropy.org/files/PALISA%20Update%20Workshop%20Report%20September%202007.pdf

Presentation: “Existing policies, barriers existing and regional cooperation” by Leena Srivastava

(The Energy Research Institute). http://www.adb.org/documents/events/2009/Climate-Change-Energy-Workshop/Bangkok-Session3-Srivastava.pdf For country-specific presentations, see Bangladesh and Pakistan bibliographies.

The Role of Central Banks in Microfinance in Asia and the Pacific – Volume 2: Country Profiles.

2000. http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Central_Banks_Microfinance/Country_Studies/default.asp.

Sidel M. and Iftekhar Zaman. “Philanthropy and Law in South Asia: Key Themes and Key

Choices. International Journal o Not-for-Profit Law. Vol 7, No 2: Feb 2005. pp 38-61. http://www.icnl.org/knowledge/ijnl/vol7iss2/art_1.htm


United Nations: The Secretary-General’s Advisory Group on Energy and Climate Change. Energy for a Sustainable Future: Summary Report and Recommendations. New York: 28 April 2010. http://www.un.org/wcm/webdav/site/climatechange/shared/Documents/AGECC%20summary%20report%5B1%5D.pdf

United Nations Development Program. Bringing Small-Scale Finance to the Poor for Modern

Energy Services: What is the Role of Government? Experiences from Burkina Faso, Kenya, Nepal and Tanzania. August 2009. http://content.undp.org/go/cms-service/stream/asset/?asset_id=2146825

Winrock International. Clean Energy Projects List:

http://www.winrock.org/Clean_Energy/projects.asp?BU=9054 F.2 BANGLADESH Publications/Presentations Ahammed, Faisal and Dilder Ahmen Taufiq. “Case Study: Applications of Solar PV on Rural

Development in Bangladesh.” Journal of Rural and Community Development. 3 (2008): pp 93-103.

Ahmad, Mokbul Morshed. “The State, Laws and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in

Bangladesh.” The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law. Vol 3, #3: March 2001. http://www.icnl.org/knowledge/ijnl/vol3iss3/art_1.htm

ASA. “ASA Wins Banking at the Bottom of the Pyramid Award for 2008.” New Vision

Newsletter. April-June 2008. http://www.asa.org.bd/newsletter_june2008.pdf Asian Development Bank. Finance for the Poor. Volume 3, Number 2, June 2002. Fernando,

Nimal A and Richard L. Meyer. “ASA – The Ford Motor Model of Microfinance.” http://www.adb.org/documents/periodicals/microfinance/finance_200232.pdf

Bahar, Habibullah. “Financial Liberalization and Reforms in Bangladesh.” United Nations

Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific: National Workshop on Strengthening the Respons to the Global Financial Crisis in Asia-Pacific. Session 2: Effective Monetary Policy Under the Global Financial and Economic Crisis. December 2009. http://www.unescap.org/pdd/calendar/Bhutan_Dec09/papers/2_Bahar_paper.pdf

Banking with the Poor Network, SEEP Network. Microfinance Industry Report: Bangladesh.

2009. Barkat, Abul, et al. “Economic and Social Impact Evaluation Study of the Rural Electrification

Program in Bangladesh.” NRECA International, Ltd. Partnered with the Rural Electrification Board of Bangladesh and USAID. Dhaka; 2002.

Hossain, Ijaz. “Climate Change and Energy: Bangladesh.” Presentation for the ADB Climate

Change and Energy Workshop. March 2009. http://www.adb.org/documents/events/2009/Climate-Change-Energy-Workshop/BAN.pdf


Shamsuddin Mia & Associates, Ltd. Company Profile. Sinha, Sanjay. “Bangladesh.” The Role of Central Banks in Microfinance in Asia and the Pacific

– Volume 2: Country Profiles. 2000. http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Central_Banks_Microfinance/Country_Studies/banglades

h.pdf USAID-SARI/E “Energy Sector Overview” http://www.sari-energy.org/PageFiles/Countries/Bangladesh_Energy_detail.asp USAID-SARI/E. Concept for Financing of Industrial Energy Efficiency/Conservation Projects:

Bangladesh. October 2003. World Bank. Energy and Infrastructure Sector, South Asia Region. “Project Appraisal Document

on a Proposed Credit in the Amount of SDR 153.0 Million and a Global Environment Facility Trust Fund Grant in the Amount of SDR 6.6 Million to the People’s Republic of Bangladesh for a Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Development Project.” 31 May 2002.

World Bank. Sustainable Development Unit, South Asia Region. “International Development

Association Project Paper on a Proposed Additional Financing Credit in the Amount of SDR 83.8 Million to The People’s Republic of Bangladesh for the Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Development Project.” 6 July 2009.

Foundations/Organizations Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development. http://www.akdn.org/bangladesh_financial.asp Asian Development Bank. http://www.adb.org

“Bangladesh: Third Natural Gas Development Project.” 2005. http://www.adb.org/Documents/PCRs/BAN/20063-BAN-PCR.pdf

ASA. Microfinance Institution in Bangladesh. http://www.asa.org.bd/ GTZ. “Productivity Improvement in Industry through Energy Efficiency Program.” Sustainable

Energy for Development. 2006. http://www.gtz.de/en/dokumente/en-Productivity-Improvement-in-Industry-through-Energy-Efficiency-Bangladesh.pdf

Infrastructure Development Company, Ltd. (www.idcol.org)

Renewable Energy Project descriptions: http://www.idcol.org/energyProject.php Swanirvar Bangladesh. Rural Development organization. http://www.swanirvarbangladesh.org/ Government Regulations/Institutions Microcredit Regulatory Authority. (http://mra.gov.bd/)

Microcredit Regulatory Authority Act of 2006 http://mra.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=22&Itemid=40_


Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral http://www.powerdivision.gov.bd

Policy Guideline for Small Power Plant (SPP) in Private Sector http://www.powerdivision.gov.bd/images/additional_images/SmallPowerPlantPolicy.pdf

Guidelines for Remote Area Power Supply http://www.powercell.gov.bd/images/additional_images/RAPSS.pdf

Vision Statement: Affordable, Reliable Energy by 2020 http://www.powercell.gov.bd/images/additional_images/VSPSPSectorReform.pdf

Renewable Energy Policy of Bangladesh http://www.powerdivision.gov.bd/images/additional_images/REP_English.pdf

Private Sector Power Generation Policy http://www.powercell.gov.bd/images/additional_images/PSEPGPB.pdf

Bangladesh Private Sector Infrastructure Guidelines http://www.powercell.gov.bd/images/additional_images/Bangladesh_Gadget%20.pdf

Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission Act. 2003 http://www.powercell.gov.bd/images/additional_images/act.pdf

Petrobangla (Bangladesh Oil, Gas and Mineral Corporation). http://www.petrobangla.org.bd/

Annual Report 2008: http://www.petrobangla.org.bd/annual%20report%202008.pdf Rural Electrification Board (http://www.reb.gov.bd/index.htm)

Solar Projects at a Glance: http://www.reb.gov.bd/ata_ren.htm Banks/Financial Institutions Bangladesh Bank. http://www.bangladesh-bank.org/ BASIC Bank Ltd. http://www.basicbanklimited.com/ Industrial Promotion and Development Company of Bangladesh. http://www.ipdcbd.com/ Infrastructure Development Company Ltd. http://www.idcol.org/ Mix Market Report-Bangladesh. http://www.mixmarket.org/mfi/country/Bangladesh United Leasing Co. http://www.ulc.com.bd/index.htm S3IDF/dLA Reports deLucia and Associates, Inc. Bangladesh Small Gas Study. Prepared for the World Bank/United

Nations Development Programme/Bilateral Aid Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme. June 1993.

deLucia and Associates. Best Practice Policy and Financing Approaches for Small Scale

Infrastructure Providers in South Asia. “Annex IV A. Sources of Financing and Other Support in Bangladesh.” For the World Bank. March 2001.


S3IDF. GVEP International: Africa Regional Hubs: Scoping Study for Feasibility Studies. September 2007.

Conversations and Contacts Roy, Rama Nath. Engineers Associates Ltd. July 2010, ongoing. F.3 PAKISTAN Publications/Presentations Akhtar, Shamshad. Pakistan – Banking Sector Reforms: Performance and Challenges. Lecture by Dr.

Shamshad Akhtar, Governor of the State Bank of Pakistan at the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva. February 2007.

CGAP Aid Effectiveness Initiative. Country Level Effectiveness and Accountability Review with a

Policy Diagnostic. Pakistan. April 2007. Ghaus-Pasha, Dr. Aisha, Haroon Jamal and Muhammad Asif Iqbal. Dimensions of the Nonprofit

Sector in Pakistan (Preliminary Estimates). 2002. The Johns Hopkins Nonprofit Sector Project Pakistan. Prepared by Social Policy and Development Centre in collaboration with Aga Khan Foundation (Pakistan) and Center for Civil Society, Johns Hopkins University, USA.

Goddwin-Groen, Ruth. “Pakistan.” The Role of Central Banks in Microfinance in Asia and the

Pacific – Volume 2: Country Profiles . 2000. http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Central_Banks_Microfinance/Country_Studies/pakistan.pdf

International Center for Not-for-Profit Law. NGO Law Monitor – Pakistan.

http://www.icnl.org/knowledge/ngolawmonitor/pakistan.htm Ismail, Zafar H. “Income Tax Regime and the Non-Profit Sector: The Case of Pakistan” For the

Social Policy and Development Centre. http://www.spdc.org.pk/pubs/cp/cp46.pdf Ismail, Dr. Zafar H. Law and the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan. 2002. The Johns Hopkins Nonprofit

Sector Project Pakistan. Prepared by Social Policy and Development Centre in collaboration with Aga Khan Foundation (Pakistan) and Center for Civil Society, Johns Hopkins University, USA.

John’s Hopkins’ Center for Civil Society. “Defining the Non-Profit Sector: Pakistan.” Working

paper for Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project: http://www.ccss.jhu.edu/pdfs/CNP_Working_Papers/CNP_WP42_Pakistan_2003.pdf

Masud, Jamil. “Clean Energy Development in Pakistan.” Presentation for ADB Climate Change

and Energy Workshop, Bangkok, March 26-27, 2009. http://www.adb.org/documents/events/2009/Climate-Change-Energy-Workshop/PAK.pdf


Microfinance Dialogue: The Next Decade. November 2007. Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Tufts University. Medford, MA.

Microfinance Industry Assessment: A Report on Pakistan. September 2008. Published by Pakistan

Microfinance Network in collaboration with the SEEP Network. Funded by Citi Foundation. Pakistan Microfinance Country Profile (2004). Banking with the Poor Network. South Asia Investor Review. 2009. www.southasiainvestor.blogspot.com USAID-SARI/E “Energy Sector Overview.” http://www.sari-

energy.org/PageFiles/Countries/Pakistan_Energy_detail.asp Weiss, Kirsten. The Microfinance Revolution toward MSME Lending. Lessons from Pakistan. USAID and ShoreBank International. 2008. World Economic Forum Financial Development Report. December 2008. Foundations/Organizations Aga Khan Agency for Microfinance. www.akdn.org Asian Development Bank + Alternative Energy Development Board.

http://www.adb.org/projects/project.asp?id=34339&p=pakproj CGAP: Consultative Group to Assist the Poor. www.cgap.org

Islamic Microfinance Challenge 2010: Innovating Sustainable, Scalable, and Market Driven Models.

Kashf Foundation. www.kashf.org Microfinance Connect. www.microfinancepakistan.com/ MixMarket. Pakistan Country Report. www.mixmarket.org National Rural Support Programme (NRSP). www.nrsp.org.pk Pakistan Centre for Philanthropy www.pcp.org.pk Government Information Alternative Energy Development Board Policy for Development of Renewable Energy for Power Generation, 2006 http://202.83.164.26/wps/wcm/connect/27d8708046f9dc6f9f15ff0561b29469/PakistanREDevelopmentPolicy-Dec092006.pdf?MOD=AJPERES Laws: (from the Pakistan Center for Philanthropy)

Societies Registration Act 1860 Voluntary Social Welfare Agencies (Registration and Control) Ordinance 1961


Voluntary Social Welfare Agencies (Registration and Control) Ordinance 1962 The Trusts Act 1882 Income Tax Ordinance, 2001 – Amended up to June 2004 Guidelines for Citizen Community Boards All above: http://www.pcp.org.pk/resources.html#The%20Reading%20Room

Private Power and Infrastructure Board

Policy for Power Generation Projects Year 2002 http://www.ppib.gov.pk/policy_text2002.pdf

Bank Research Kashf Microfinance Bank Limited. www.kmfbank.com Khushhali Bank Ltd. www.khushhalibankltd.com.pk State Bank of Pakistan. Banking with the Poor Network. www.bwtp.org Conversations and Contacts Aamir Khan, IRD. (MIT) Addison, Matthew W. International Climate Change Services. Tetra Tech Inc. Communications

regarding Pakistan networks. May 2010. Fan, Emma Xiaoquin. Principal Planning and Policy Specialist, ADB. Farhan, Fiza. Business Development Manager. Buksh Foundation. Haider, Muhammad Irteza. Program Manager. National Rural Support Programme. Pakistan. Inshan, Ali Nawaz, COO, First Microfinance Bank. Pakistan Qureshi, Manzar. Divisional Manager, Energy Programs. Hagler Bailly Pakistan. July 2010,

ongoing. Zehra, Ali. Research Assistant. MIT. Communications regarding Pakistan organizations and

networks. August 2007. F.4 SRI LANKA Publications/Presentations/Resources Asian Development Bank. The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka: Rural Finance Sector

Development Program. Progress Report on Tranche Release. February 2006. Program Number: 34320. Loan Number: 2040.


Asian Development Bank. Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors on Proposed Loans to The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka for the Rural Finance Sector Development Program. November 2003.

Asian Development Bank. Technical Assistance (Financed from the Japan Special Fund) to The

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka for Preparing the Rural Finance Sector Development Project. August 2001.

Conroy, John D. “Sri Lanka.” The Role of Central Banks in Microfinance in Asia and the Pacific

– Volume 2: Country Profiles. 2000. http://www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Central_Banks_Microfinance/Country_Studies/srilanka.pdf

Government of Sri Lanka, World Bank and GEF supported Sri Lanka Energy Services Delivery

(ESD) project and Sri Lanka Renewable Energy for Rural Economic Development (RERED) project. Sri Lanka Renewable Energy Program. Renewable Energy Project Toolkit for World Bank Task Managers Case Study.

GTZ-Pro-MiS and the Sri Lankan Ministry of Finance & Planning. Microfinance Institutions in Sri

Lanka. September 2009. GTZ Pro-MiS in Collaboration with The Banking for the Poor Network and the Sri Lankan Ministry

of Finance & Planning. Microfinance Industry Report Sri Lanka. 2009. N.F.C. Ranaweera. Animal Production and Health Commission for Asia and the Pacific.

“Improved Market Access and Smallholder Dairy Farmer Participation for Sustainable Dairy Development: Lessons Learned, Sri Lanka.” November 2007. http://www.aphca.org/reference/dairy/FAO_milk_report_final_to_RAPA_forweb.pdf

Regional Conference on Private Participation in Rural Energy Services Delivery. A USAID

Program. October 29-30, 2003. Perera, W.A.L.W.A., General Manager Lanka Electricity Company (Private) Ltd.

Chairperson on Plenary Session I: Enabling Environment for Private Participation in Rural Energy Services Delivery.

Karlson, Frederick, Senior Energy Expert CORE International, Inc. Rural Electricity Supply Policy and Legal and Regulatory Frameworks – Recent South Asia Developments.

Habib, Ahsan, Executive Director Rural Electrification Board, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Chairperson, Plenary Session III: Innovative Financing Approaches for the Role of International Donor Agencies in Sustainable Rural Energy Services Delivery.

deLucia, Russell. President, The Small Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund, Inc. The Role of Finance in Promoting Private Rural Energy Service Provision: Focus on Small Systems and Small Players.

Hennayake, Piyal, Assistant Vice President Hatton National Bank. Colombo, Sri Lanka. Importance of Multilateral/Bilateral Funding in Providing Initial Impetus to Private Rural Energy Service Delivery Mechanisms.

Regional Workshop on Energy Efficient Lighting. A USAID SARI/Energy Event organized by The

Regional Centre of Excellence in Energy Efficient Lighting (RCEEEL) Sustainable Energy Authority of Sri-Lanka. Colombo, Sri-Lanka. April, 2009


Sanasa Development Bank, Ltd. 2009 Annual Report. Tennakoon, Dhanushka. Practical Action. Energy Poverty: Estimating the Level of Energy

Poverty in Sri Lanka. http://practicalaction.org/south-asia/docs/region_south_asia/energy-poverty-in-sri-lanka-2008.pdf

United Nations Asian and Pacific Centre for Agricultural Engineering and Machinery. “Biogas

technology utilization in Sri Lanka.” http://unapcaem.org/Activities%20Files/A01/Biogas%20technology%20utilization%20in%20Sri%20Lanka.pdf

USAID-SARI/E. Concept for Financing of Industrial Energy Efficiency/Conservation Projects:

Sri Lanka. June 2003 http://www.sari-energy.org/PageFiles/Countries/Country_Energy_Reports.asp?Country=Nepal

USAID-SARI/E “Energy Sector Overview” http://www.sari-

energy.org/PageFiles/Countries/Sri_Lanka_Energy_detail.asp The World Bank Energy and Infrastructure Unit, South Asia Regional Office. International

Development Association. Project Paper for a Proposed Additional Financing Credit in the Amount of SDR26.3 Million (US$ 40 Million Equivalent) to the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka for the Renewable Energy for Rural Economic Development Project. May 15, 2007.

Foundations/Organizations Asian Development Bank. Rural Household Connection : Sri Lanka. Run by Paola van Houten

Castillo . Started in January 2010. http://pid.adb.org/pid/TaView.htm?projNo=39419&seqNo=02&typeCd=2

International Finance Corporation. Project: NDB PADGO. Approved 5 January 2010.

http://www.ifc.org/ifcext/sustainability.nsf/Content/SustainableEnergy_PADGO Lanka Biogas Association: www.lankabiogas.org National Cleaner Production Centre, Sri Lanka. www.ncpcsrilanka.org Practical Action (South Asia). http://practicalaction.org/south-asia/region_south_asia SEEDS. Sarvodaya Economic Enterprise Development Services. www.seeds.lk Sri Lanka Government Information Ministry of Power and Energy. http://mope.gov.lk/about-us.php

MOPE Projects http://mope.gov.lk/uploads/project/projecten.pdf MOPE “Policy Decisions” http://mope.gov.lk/uploads/policy/policyen.pdf National Energy Policy and Strategies of Sri Lanka

http://mope.gov.lk/uploads/policy/National%20Energy%20Policy%20English.pdf


Ministry of Traditional Industries and Small Enterprise Development.

http://www.risepmin.gov.lk/info_English/index.asp-xp=687&xi=689.htm and http://www.risepmin.gov.lk/Application/ministry/Selecting_Projects_English.pdf

National Secretariat for Non-Governmental Organizations. http://www.ngosecretariat.gov.lk

Voluntary Social Service Organizations (Registration and Supervision) Act, 1980 Voluntary Social Service Organizations (Registration and Supervision) Act, Amendment

No. 8 of 1998 Regulations under The Act, 1999 Registration Centralization – 1999 http://www.ngosecretariat.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id

=48&Itemid=50&lang=en (for all above Acts) Bank Research Bank of Ceylon. www.boc.lk Central Bank of Sri Lanka. www.cbsl.gov.lk Central Bank of Sri Lanka. Financial Sector Developments and System Stability. Chapter 8. 2009

Annual Report. www.cbsl.gov.lk Central Bank of Sri Lanka. Scope of the Lending Schemes Implemented by the Regional

Development Department. www.cbsl.gov.lk Hatton National Bank. www.hnb.net Peoples Bank. www.peoplesbank.lk Peoples Bank. Poverty Alleviation and Microfinance Project II. Indicative List of Income Generating

Activities. www.peoplesbank.lk Sabaragamuwa Development Bank http://www.sdbank.lk/ Uva Development Bank www.uvadevbank.lk/ S3IDF Reports deLucia, Russell. President, The Small Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund, Inc. The

Need for Explicitly Pro-poor Business Models for Efficient Lighting Market Development: Perspectives from S3IDF’s Application of its “Social Merchant Bank” Approach. Presentation at the Regional Workshop on Energy Efficient Lighting. Colombo, Sri-Lanka. April, 2009.

deLucia, Russell. President, The Small Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund, Inc.

Nepal Social Merchant Bank (SMB) Model Reconnaissance Study. USAID South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy (SARI/Energy). September, 2008.


deLucia, Russell. President, The Small Scale Sustainable Infrastructure Development Fund, Inc. Nepal S3IDF Social Merchant Bank (SMB) Model Revolving Fund Concept Note. USAID South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy (SARI/Energy). September, 2009.

Conversations Jayalath, Mahendra S. Senior Energy Consultant and LEED AP. EnergySolve International Pvt Ltd.

July 2010, ongoing. Piydasa, Wasantha. Retired Director of Breeding. Ministry of Livestock Development.

Communications regarding Sri Lanka agriculture and biogas possibilities. June 2010, ongoing.

Zhiping Chen, Global Environmental Institute (GEI) – China. Personal communications regarding

GEI-China’s Sri Lankan dairy biogas initiative.


Tetra Tech DLF Cyber City

Building No. 9B, 11th Floor Gurgaon - 122 002

Haryana, India. Tel: +91 124 4737400 Fax: +91 124 4737444 www.tetratech.com

Inception Report - Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan - S3IDF

Documents

Transcript of Inception Report - Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan - S3IDF