INCAS: THE ENGINEERS

By: Anna Nguyen, Chris Cote, Stephanie Funcasta, and Jen Gorgas

Geography

• Cuzco used to be the capital of Peru.• The Incas conquered most of western South

America. Their region had a higher and colder elevation; these conditions affect the Incan civilization there. They were geographically isolated from other civilizations.

Time Period

• The Incan empire first began to emerge in 1438 A.D.

• In 1471 the Incan world came to their ‘peak’.

• The Inca’s lasted for 94 years and officially fell in 1532.

“THE LAND OF FOUR CORNERS”

Sapa Inca – The Great Inca Notable Sapa Inca’s include:

Manco Cápac Pachacuti Túpac Amaru

Complex government system Many workers functioned together to transfer information Apus Sapa Inca

Laws Do Not Be Lazy Do Not Lie Do Not Steal Do Not Kill Do Not Commit Adultery

GOVERNMENT

Empire based on trade

Taxes paid by crops, cattle, and labor force

Gov. provided food, clothing, and medication

ECONOMY

Stories

Myth of Lake Titicaca

Inti

Mama Quilla

Viracocha

WRITING BELIEFS

The Incas did have a calendar, which they used for holidays.They also made many significant inventions, like instruments.They had unique ways of building things, including different materials and different styles.They built many paved, steep roads.

TECHNOLOGYAND ARCHITECTURE

The Incas used artifacts every day. Craftsmen had great skills in arts and crafts. Polytheism affected the arts because many of their artwork portrayed different gods. Pottery was one of their main forms of art. Designing and painting walls was interesting because they used mud. Feathers were the main decorations for things. Kings were in many of their pieces of art.

ART

Rise Manco Cápac

Founded the small city state and later capital of Cusco in approximately 1197.

Pachacuti Started the great expansion of the Incan empire in

1438. Fall The Spaniards

Brought the fall of the greatest Empire in the America’s. Approx. 1532 Spanish Conquistadors captured Sapa Inca Atahualpa. Continued to fight the empire, eventually causing its

demise.

RISE AND FALL

• Art- poetry was passed down through different forms of art.• Pottery- Incan pottery is featured in museums.• Technology- farming methods can be credited to the Incas; they

also contributed medicine discoveries and military strategies.• Architecture- Inca Pyramids are made from the dry straw of corn

plant mixed with clay sculpted bricks.

The Incas were “the Engineers.”

Inca gold and silver actually paid for the

Renaissance…

CONTRIBUTIONS

Lost Civilization: The Inca Corrick, James A.

Great Empires of the Past: Empire of the Incas Somervill, Barbara A.

World Book

Economy of the Inca Empire http://www.discover-peru.org/inca-economy-society/

The Inca Empire and its Origin http://www.discover-peru.org/incas-origin/

Inca Religion, A Religion of Many Gods http://www.discover-peru.org/inca-religion/

Important Facts about the Inca Empire http://archaeology.about.com/od/incaarchaeology/a/inca_empire_3.htm

Top 20 Inca Facts http://www.visitperu.net/top-attractions/top-20-inca-facts.html

Facts About the Incas http://www.peru-travel-confidential.com/the-incas.html

Inca Art Forms http://www.discover-peru.org/inca-artforms/

Inca Art http://library.thinkquest.org/5058/incaart.htm

Inca Art http://www.about-peru-history.com/inca-art.html

RESOURCES