IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY · students who are taught by using Audio-lingual...

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IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY

BY USING AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD

(A Classroom Action Research for the Tenth Grade Students

of MA NU MiftahulFalahCendonoDawe Kudus

in Academic Year 2013/2014)

By

NURUL FARIYANI HIDAYATUL MILLAH

NIM 201032199

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2014

vi

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY

BY USING AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD

(A Classroom Action Research for the Tenth Grade Students

of MA NU MiftahulFalahCendonoDawe Kudus

in Academic Year 2013/2014)

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program

in Department English Education

By

NURUL FARIYANI HIDAYATUL MILLAH

NIM 201032199

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS

2014

vii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO

ALLAH is always with you

Think big, and act now

Always be yourself and never be anyone else even if they look better than

you

To get a success your courage must be greater that your fear

When you have never made a mistake, it means that you have not tried

anything

Intelligence is not the determinant of success, but hard work is the real

determinant of success

DEDICATION

Her beloved parents

Her beloved big family

All of her lecturers of Muria

kudus University

All of her best friends

Everyone who support her to

finish her skripsi

All of the readers

viii

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Nurul Fariyani Hidayatul Millah

(201032199) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the

examining committee.

Kudus, July 2014

Advisor 1

Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd

NIS. 0610701000001207

Advisor 2

Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S, M.Pd

NIS. 0610701000001155

Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.

NIP. 1962129 198703 1 001

ix

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the skripsi of NurulFariyaniHidayatulMillah (201032199)

has been approved by the examining committee as a requirement for the Sarjana

Degree in the English Education department.

Skripsi Examining Committee:

Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd , Chairperson

NIP. 19620413-198803-1-002

Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S, M.Pd , Member

NIS. 0610701000001155

Rismiyanto, SS,M.Pd , Member

NIS. 0610701000001146

AisyahRirin PU, S.Pd, M.Pd , Member

NIS. 0610701000001228

Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Dr. Drs. SlametUtomo, M.Pd.

NIP. 1962129 198703 1 001

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the writer would like to thank to ALLAH the almighty, the

lord of universe for all of mercy the writer got in completing her study in English

Education Department and accomplishing her research entitled “Improving the

Students’ Speaking Ability by Using Audio-Lingual Method (An Action

Research for the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono

Dawe Kudus in Academic Years 2013/2014)

This research is accomplished with the great help of others. The writer

realized that actually could not complete without advice, encouragement,

guidance, suggestion, and support from many people. In this opportunity she

would like to express her sincere gratitude to:

1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd., as the Dean of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

2. Diah Kurniawati, S.Pd., M.Pd., as the Head of English Education Department

of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

3. Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd., as the first advisor, who has guided and given

her advice to the writer in finishing this skripsi wisely and patiently.

4. Fitri Budi S, SS., M.Pd., as the second advisor, who has been so helpful and

wisely in advising and encouraging for this writing

5. All of the lecturers in English Education Department Teacher Training and


6. Asnadi S. Ag as the head master of senior high school of MA NU Miftahul

Falah who gives the writer permission to conduct the research.

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7. The English teachers of MA NU Miftahul Falah especially Muh. Shahlan,

SPd. I who have support the writer during the research in MA NU Miftahul

Falah.

8. All of the students of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in

academic year 2013/2014 especially the tenth B class.

9. Her family who has given loves, attention, spirit in finishing this research.

10. All of her friends in English Education Department Teacher Training and


Finally, the writer would like to express thank to all people who helped her

to finish this research. Hopefully, this research will be useful for the readers,

especially to the learners of English and improvement of English learning in Muria

Kudus University.

Kudus, July 2014

The Writer

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ABSTRACT

Millah, Fariyani Nurul Hidayatul. 2014. Improving the Students’ Speaking Ability

by Using Audio-Lingual Method (An Action Research for the Tenth Grade

Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in Academic Years

2013/2014). Research: English Education Department of Teacher Training

and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Atik

Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, SS., M.Pd

Key words: Speaking ability, Audio Lingual Method, MA NU Miftahul Falah

Cendono dawe Kudus.

From preliminary study, the XB grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah

Cendono dawe Kudus in the academic year 2013/2014 often got stuck in

expressing their ideas. They had difficulties to express the ideas into their practice

of speaking. It happened because, they still lack in vocabulary, difficult to

remember all the words in English, and they also felt shy and worried to make any

mistake in speaking. As a result, the results of the students’ speaking ability were

unsatisfactory. Improving speaking ability by using Audio-Lingual Method is

alternative method that is prepared to solve the problem that is faced by the

students above.

The objective of the research is: (1) to find out whether Audio-Lingual

method can improve the students speaking ability of the tenth grade students of

MA NU Miftahul Falah in the academic year 2013/2014. (2) To find out the

implementation of the Audio-Lingual Method in teaching speaking of the tenth

grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus in academic

year 2013/2014. (3) To know the students’ response of teaching speaking by using

Audio-Lingual Method of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah

Cendono Dawe Kudus in academic year 2013/2014. In this research the writer

intends to improve the students’ speaking ability by proposing Audio-Lingual

Method. It is an effective method to increase the students’ enthusiasm in learning

English.

In this research, the method used by the writer is Audio-Lingual Method

and this research belongs to Classroom Action Research. The limitation of this

research is the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe

Kudus in the academic year 2013/2014 especially XB class. There are 35 students

of XB class as a subject. This research consists of 2 cycles and each cycle consists

of 3 meetings which consist of 4 steps. They are planning, acting, observing, and

reflecting. The instruments of the research used were test, observation, and

questionnaire. Test was used to measure and to know the speaking ability of the

students who are taught by using Audio-lingual Method. Observation was used to

know how the process and the action of the implementation of Audio-lingual

Method in teaching speaking. Questionnaires were also given to know the

students’ responses in learning English by using the Audio-lingual Method.

According to the data analysis of the two cycles, the writer concludes that there is an improvement in students’ speaking ability from the cycle I until the

cycle II. In cycle I, the average score of the students’ speaking ability was 69.8 as

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low category. In the cycle II, The average score of the students’ speaking ability

was 75.8 as sufficient category. So, it means that Audio-Lingual Method can

improve the students’ speaking ability of the tenth grade students of MA NU

Miftahul Falah in the academic year 2013/2014

Based on the result, it means that Audio-Lingual Method can improve the

students’ speaking ability of the tenth grade students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in

the academic year 2013/2014. Meanwhile, the writer suggests that Audio-Lingual

Method is one effective method as to increase the students’ enthusiasm in learning

English. This result hopefully would motivate the teacher to use the Audio-Lingual

Method in their class, especially when teaching speaking.

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ABSTRAK

Millah, Fariyani Nurul Hidayatul. 2014. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara

Siswa dengan Menggunakan Audio Lingual Method (Penelitian Tindakan

Kelas pada murid Kelas X di MA Nu Miftahul Falah tahun pelajaran

2013/2014. Penelitian: Jurusan Bahasa Inggris dari Fakultas Keguruan dan

Ilmu Pendidikan di Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (1) Atik

Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, SS., M.Pd

Kata kunci: Meningkatkan Kemampuan berbicara, Audio Lingual Method, MA

NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus

Pada awal penelitian, kelas XB MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe

Kudus tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 sering tidak bisa menuangkan isi pikiran

mereka. Mereka mempunyai kesulitan untuk menuangkan ide ke dalam praktek

berbicara bahasa inggris mereka. Hal itu di sebabkan karena mereka masih kurang

dalam hal vocab sehingga meraka tidak bisa mengingat kata kata dalam bahasa

ingris. Mereka juga merasa malu dan khawatir membuat kesalahan ketika

berbicara bahasa inggris. Dan sebagai hasilnya, hasil dari kemampuan berbicara

siswa kurang memuaskan. Meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara bahasa inggris

menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method adalah sebuah metode altenatif yang

dipersiapkan untuk memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi siswa yang telah

djelaskan diatas.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk menemukan apakah Audio-

Lingual Method dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa kelas X MA NU

Miftahul falah Cendono Dawe Kudus pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. (2) untuk

menemukan penerapan Audio-Lingual Method dalam pengajaran berbicara kelas

X MA NU Miftahul falah Cendono Dawe Kudus pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014.

(3) untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap pengajaran berbicara dengan

menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method kelas X MA NU Miftahul falah Cendono

Dawe Kudus pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Pembatasan penelitian ini adalah

siswa kelas XB MA NU Miftahul Falah Cendono Dawe Kudus tahun pelajaran

2013/2014 terutama kelas XB. Terdapat 35 siswa dari kelas XB yang digunakan

sebagai subjek. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus dan ada 3 pertemuan di setiap

siklus yang terdiri dari 4 lankah, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, analisa

dan refleksi. Instrument dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes, observasi, dan

kuisioner. Tes di gunakan untuk mengukur dan mengetahui kemampuan berbicara

siswa yang telah di ajar dengan menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method. Observasi

digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pelaksanaan Audio-Lingual

Method dalam pengajaran berbicara. Kuisioner juga diberikan untuk mengetahui

respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran bahasa inggris dengan menggunakan Audio-

Lingual Method.

Berdasarkan analisis data dari 2 siklus, penulis menyimpulkan bahawa

ada sebuah peningkatan dalam kemampuan siswa berbicara dari siklus 1 sampai

siklus ke 2. Pada siklus 1, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 69.8 dengan kategori rendah.

Pada siklus 2, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 75.8 dengan kategori cukup. Jadi itu dapat diartikan bahwa Audio-Lingual Method dapat meningkatkan kemampuan

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berbicara siswa kelas X MA NU Miftahul Falah Kudus pada tahun ajaran

2013/2014

Berdasarkan hasil diatas, penulis menyarankan Audio-Lingual Method

adalah satu metode yang efektif untuk meningkatkan antusias siswa dalam belajar

bahasa inggris. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan akan memotifasi guru untuk

menggunakan Audio-Lingual Method dalam kelas mereka, khususnya ketika

mengajar berbicara.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pages

COVER ............................................................................................................... i

LOGO ................................................................................................................. ii

TITLE................................................................................................................ iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ........................................................................ iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL................................................................................ v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii

ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................... x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. xi

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xiv

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xv

LIST OF APPENDICS ................................................................................. xvi

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research ........................................................................ 1

1.2 Statement of Research .................................................................................. 4

1.3 Objective of the Research ............................................................................ 5

1.4 Significance of the Research ........................................................................ 5

1.5 Scope of the Research .................................................................................. 6

1.6 Operational Definition ................................................................................. 7

CHAPTER II REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE AND ACTION

HYPOTHESIS

2.1 Teaching English in MA NU Miftahul Falah .............................................. 8

2.1.1 Curriculum English in MA NU Miftahul Falah ................................ 9

2.2 Speaking Skill ............................................................................................ 11

2.2.1 Speaking Components ...................................................................... 12

2.2.2 Elements of Speaking ....................................................................... 14

2.3 Method of Teaching ................................................................................... 15

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2.4 Audio-lingual Method ................................................................................ 17

2.4.1 Principles of Audio-lingual Method ................................................. 18

2.4.2 The Characteristics of Audio-lingual Method .................................. 20

2.4.3 The Techniques of Audio-lingual Method ........................................ 21

2.4.4 The Procedure of Audio-lingual Method .......................................... 23

2.4.5 The Advantages and the Disadvantages of Audio-lingual Method .. 25

2.5 Review of the previous research ................................................................ 27

2.6 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 28

2.7 Action Hypothesis ...................................................................................... 29

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Setting and Characteristic of Subject of the Research ............................... 29

3.2 Variable of the Research ............................................................................ 29

3.3 Design of the Research .............................................................................. 30

3.3.1 Planning ............................................................................................ 31

3.3.1 Acting ............................................................................................... 31

3.3.2 Observing.......................................................................................... 32

3.3.3 Analyzing and Reflecting ................................................................. 32

3.4 Procedure of the Research.......................................................................... 33

3.5 Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 33

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Pre-Reflection ............................................................................................. 35

4.2 The Result of Cycle I .................................................................................. 39

4.3 The Result of Cycle II ................................................................................. 50

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4.4 The Students’ Response of Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-

Lingual Method of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul

Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Cycle II .......................................... 61

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

5.1 The Implementation of Audio-Lingual Method in Teaching Speaking of

the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah Kudus in

Academic Year 2013/2014 .......................................................................... 62

5.2 The Students’ responses of Teaching Speaking by Using Audio-

Lingual Method of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul

Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 ............................................................ 67

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion................................................................................................... 68

6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................... 69

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

STATEMENT

CURRICULLUM VITAE

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

2.1 The Materials of Speaking in Teaching English ........................................ 10

4.1 The Scores of Achievement Test of the Students’ Speaking Ability of

the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year

2013/2014 in the Pre-cycle ........................................................................ 36

4.2 Table of the Score Criteria ......................................................................... 38

4.3 The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching

Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade

Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in

Firs Meeting of Cycle I .............................................................................. 40

4.4 The Observation Table of Teacher and Students’ Activities in Teaching

Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade

Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in

Second Meeting of Cycle I......................................................................... 43

4.5 Scoring of the Student’s Speaking Ability Taught by Using the Audio-

Lingual Method in Teaching Speaking of the Tenth Grade Students of

MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014

in the First Cycle ....................................................................................... 47


Speaking by Using the Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade

Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the

First Meeting of Cycle II ............................................................................ 50


Speaking by Using the Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade


Second Meeting of Cycle II ....................................................................... 53

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4.8 Scoring of Student’s Speaking Ability Taught by Using Audio-Lingual

Method in Teaching of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul

Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Second Cycle ......................... 57

4.9 The Students’ Response of Speaking Ability of the Tenth Grade

Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah by Using Audio-Lingual Method in

Cycle II ....................................................................................................... 60

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LIST OF FIGURE

Figure Page

3.1 Design of CAR by Kemmis and Mc Taggart in Arikunto .......................... 31

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

1. Syllabus ...................................................................................................... 74

2. Lesson Plan.................................................................................................. 86

3. Name of Students ....................................................................................... 104

4. Scores of Pre-test ......................................................................................... 105

5. The Scores of Achievement Test of the Students’ Speaking Ability of the

Tenth Grade Students of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year

2013/2014 in the Pre-cycle .......................................................................... 106

6. The Scoring of the Students’ Speaking Ability Taught by Using the

Audio-Lingual Method in Teaching Speaking of the Tenth Grade


First Cycle ................................................................................................... 108

7. The Scoring of Student’s Speaking Ability Taught by Using Audio-

Lingual Method in Teaching of the Tenth Grade Students of MA NU

Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the Second Cycle ............ 110

8. The Observation Table of Teacher and Student’s Activities in Teaching

Speaking by Using Audio-Lingual Method for the Tenth Grade Students

of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Firs Meeting

of Cycle I ........................................................................................................113



of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Second

Meeting of Cycle I ....................................................................................... 117



of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in First Meeting

of Cycle II .................................................................................................... 121



of MA NU Miftahul Falah in Academic Year 2013/2014 in Second

Meeting of Cycle II ..................................................................................... 125

12. Questionnaire............................................................................................... 128

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