WATER IS A KEY INPUT FOR CROP PRODUCTION. THE PROCESS OF SUPPLYING WATER TO PLANTS

OF THE CROP BY MEANS OF CANALS , RESERVOIRS,WELLS,ETC., IS KNOWN AS IRRIGATION.

IRRIGATION IS NECESSARY FOR THE SURVIAL AND PROPER DEVELOPMENT OF THE CROP PLANTS.

IRRIGATION IS MAINLY OF TWO TYPES CROP BASED IRRIGATION. SOIL BASED IRRIGATION.

WELLSWELLS :- THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF WELLS

DUG WELLSDUG WELLS WATER IS COLLECTED WATER IS COLLECTED FROM WATER BEARING STRATAFROM WATER BEARING STRATA..

TUBETUBE WELLSWELLS WATER IS TAPPED WATER IS TAPPED FROM DEEPER STRATA. FROM DEEPER STRATA.

This is an elaborate and extensive irrrigation system.

Canals receive water from reservoirs or rivers.

The main canal is divided into distributaries to irrigate fields.

IN AREAS WHERE WATER IS DISCHARGED INTO STEEP AND NARROW RIVERINE VALLEYS LIKE IN KARNATAKA AND KERALA,THIS TYPE OF IRRIGATION IS FOLLOWED.

CROPS LIKECOCONUT,SUPARI,COFFEE,RUBBER AND TAPIOCA ARE CULTIVATED BY THIS WAY.

THESE ARE SMALL RESERVOIRS, WHICH INTERCEPT AND STORE THE RUN-OFF OF SMALLER CATCHMENT AREA.

SMALL DAMS ARE BUILT BELOW THE HIGHER ELEVATIONS OF THE CATCHMENT AREAS.

IN TNKS THE OUTFLOW OF WATER IS CONTROLLED DEPENDING ON AVAILABILITY.

FARMING IS AN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE OF HARNESSING SOLAR ENERGY IN THE FORM OF ECONOMIC PRODUCE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS.

SOMETIMES DUE TO FLOODS AND DROUGHT,THE AMOUNT OF RAINFALL IN A SEASON IS NOT THE SAME.HENCE SOME MARGINAL FARMERS NEED TO GO FOR MIXED CROPPING.

GROWING TWO OR MORE CROPS SIMULTANEOUSLY ON THE SAME PIECE OF LAND.

EXAMPLE: WHEAT + GRAM OR WHEAT + MUSTARD GROUNDNUT + SUNFLOWER THIS REDUCES THE RISK OF FAILURE OF

GROWING CROPS.

THIS METHHOD IS GROWING TWO OR MORE CROPS SIMULTANEOUSLY ON THE SAME FIELD IN A DEFINITE PATTERN.

EXAMPLE: SOYABEAN + MAIZE OR BAJRA + COWPEAThe crops are selected in such a way that

their nutrient requirements are different so as to ensure maximum yield.

HARISH KAVIRAJ MATHANRAJ NILAVARASAN NIJANTHAN KARTHIKEYAN

CLASS : IX A