Improved Flexibility of Coal FiredImproved Flexibility of Coal Fired ... Pikk… · VTT TECHNICAL...
Transcript of Improved Flexibility of Coal FiredImproved Flexibility of Coal Fired ... Pikk… · VTT TECHNICAL...
VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND LTD
Improved Flexibility of Coal Fired PowerImproved Flexibility of Coal Fired Power Plants Fulfilling the Future Requirements of Renewable Energy Systemof Renewable Energy System
11th ECCRIA11th ECCRIA7th September, 2016, SheffieldJouni Hämäläinen Timo Leino Matti TähtinenJouni Hämäläinen, Timo Leino, Matti Tähtinen Toni Pikkarainen and Hannu Mikkonen
ContentContent
Background and motivation
Development and design of future conceptsDevelopment and design of future concepts
Drivers and requirements
VTT’ t lVTT’s tools
Case examples of concepts
Summary
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ContentContent
Background and motivation
Development and design of future conceptsDevelopment and design of future concepts
Drivers and requirements
VTT’ t lVTT’s tools
Case examples of concepts
Summary
3
After the Paris agreement the target is “ i i f ” i t“emission free” society
Need for strong reduction of CO2 emissionsNot only energy industry but also other industrial sectors
d t b d b i dneed to be decarbonised
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Transformation of the energy system
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As the share of renewables in the system incresesthere will be a big changes in energy system
”Traditional energy system”Traditional energy system
Future system –Future systemdistributed generation, lotof intermitted generationby wind and solarby wind and solar
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This is how the electricity production (currently) follows consumption in every second in February 2012 (Finland)
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Simulated situation if all the needed electricity would be ygenerated by wind and solar (based on available data of solar and wind conditions)
807/09/2016 8Consumption and production do not match at all
Electricity production prices andElectricity production, prices and import/export – example from Germany Solar 21 7 2013: 23 GW / 41 GW = 56 % Solar 21.7.2013: 23 GW / 41 GW = 56 % BUT: 6 % of total annual production
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ContentContent
Background and motivation
Development and design of future conceptsDevelopment and design of future concepts
Drivers and requirements
VTT’ t lVTT’s tools
Case examples of concepts
Summary
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FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION PROCESS DEVELOPMENT
ŁAGISZA 460 MW e supercritical OTU CFB Oxyfuel combustion developmentfor reduction of CO2 emissions(FlexiBurn, O2GEN projects)
NEW APPLICATIONS• Advanced flexibility for utility plants• Dynamic simulation of energy processes• Bio solar hybrid developmentDevelopment of high efficiency CFB • Bio-solar hybrid development• Solar applications – dynamic modelling of
CSP (Concentrated Solar Power) applications
2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 20182000 2021 20...
p g ytechnology (OTSC CFB design) to increase
Efficiency (HIPE, CLEFCO, CFB800)
• Apros Renewables development• PtG GtP and PtX concepts Control for ash chemistry:
CorroStop® and CINDY CFBC® development
11Source: http://kogansolarboost.com.au
Requirements and drivers for future fluidized bed combustion conceptsfluidized bed combustion concepts
Energy system transition calls for new features for the fluidized bed boilers
• Target 420-550 gCO2/kWh without CCS (~33% reduction) → wider fuel flexibility including gas, biomass and thermal solar→ wider fuel flexibility including gas, biomass and thermal solar
• Improved load following capability → design modifications, enhanced role of gaseous fuels etc.
• Gas/methane economy, shale gas boom, power to gas → gas combustion (superheating) could be an important option to improve plant dynamics and emission performancep
• Size optimization: lower load factor, higher share of biomass and solar in the design, load following capability → smaller unit size?
multifuel CFB solar- solar-gas-
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multifuel CFB boosted CFB g
boosted CFB
Tools for future combustion concept development:combine VTT’s expertise in modelling, measurements and process & material know how
Modelling of in-furnace behaviour
Dynamic process simulationsand optimization Pilot scale experiments
Characterize fuel behaviourin furnace behaviour Characterize fuel behaviourDeposit probes
Gas coolerBag house filter
Flue gas to stack
Deposit probes
Gas coolerBag house filter
Flue gas to stack
Fuel and additi e feed
RiserSolids circulation sample
Temperature, pressure and profile sampling along the combustor height
Primary cyclone
Secondary cyclone
Secondary and tertiary airs
Fuel and additi e feed
RiserSolids circulation sample
Temperature, pressure and profile sampling along the combustor height
Primary cyclone
Secondary cyclone
Secondary and tertiary airs
Development and design of concepts and processes
additive feed
Flue gas
Gas tanks (air, N2, CO2, O2)
Loop seal material sample Primary air
and grid
additive feed
Flue gas
Gas tanks (air, N2, CO2, O2)
Loop seal material sample Primary air
and grid p pBottom ash
grecirculation Bottom ash
grecirculation
Condition and life
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management of boilermaterials (modelling & experimentals)
Techno-economicalassessments Performance analyses and
in-furnace plant measurements
ContentContent
Background and motivation
Development and design of future conceptsDevelopment and design of future concepts
Drivers and requirements
VTT’ t lVTT’s tools
Case examples of concepts
Summary
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“EFFLEX Concept”Highly Flexible and Efficient Fossil Fuel Base Load Power Plants to ProvideHighly Flexible and Efficient Fossil Fuel Base Load Power Plants to Provide
Fluctuating Back-up Power with High Share of Intermittent Renewable Energy
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Flue gas
“EFFLEX Concept” developmentDeposit probesFlue gas
to stack Integration of gas combustion capabilities into CFB pilot to support the development of new
Gas cooler Bag house filter
support the development of new concepts • Improvement in minimum load
ti d ffi i ( i i
Riser Solids circulation sample
Primary cyclone
Secondary cycloneoperation and efficiency (minimum load down to 10-20%)
• Improvement in fast load changes Temperature,
pressure and profile sampling along the combustor height
Secondary and tertiary airs
p gand start-ups (load gradient up to 10-15%/min)
• Steam cycle stabilization andFuel and additive feed
Gas tanks (air, N2, CO2, O2)
combustor height • Steam cycle stabilization and improvement in steam parameters with low quality fuels or in hybrid concepts (gas fired superheaters)
Loop seal material sample Primary air
concepts (gas fired superheaters)• Possibilities to emissions reduction
in dynamic operation (e.g. CO, NOx)
1607/09/2016 16Bottom ash
Flue gas recirculation
and grid • Improved capabilities for phenomena research
Integration of solar energy into g gyconventional power plant
Solar energy will have globally a predominant role in energy system –VTT is developing concept to integrate solar into “conventional”integrate solar into “conventional” biomass boiler
Solar energy intermitted energy source (as well as wind power) insource (as well as wind power) in our concept biomass has a role as a energy storage
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Coal fired power plant as a part of gas economyImprovement of carbon efficiencyImprovement of carbon efficiency
H2O
Natural gas grid & Distribution
Electricity
H2OElectrolysis
Hy
grid
O2
H2
Methanation
Solar & Wind power CO2
CH4,LNG
Ai
LNG market
BiogasAir
Natural gas fired power
stationCoal fired
power plant Bio-CO2power plant
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CCSDAC
Summary
Transformation of energy system set new requirements for Transformation of energy system set new requirements for “conventional” power plants CO2 and other emissions2
Load following capability Development of future power plant concept needs combination of
t ltools Experimental work Modelling and simulation Modelling and simulation Techno-economical assessments
Flexibility of coal fired power plants can be improved by integration ofy p p p y g solar energy gas combustion capabilities
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coal fired power plant as a part of gas economy
Thank you!Q ti ?Questions?