Improved cereal production via N and P efficient legume genotypes in the Gilgel-Gibe catchment,...
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Improved cereal production via N and P efficient legume genotypes in the Gilgel-Gibe catchment, Ethiopia Amsalu Nebiyu*, Pascal Boeckx** and Jan Diels*** *Jimma University, Ethiopia,**Laboratory of Applied Physical Chemistry (ISOFYS), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, UGhent, Belgium, * * *Department of Soil and Water Management, KULeuven, Belgium Problem • Low productivity due to N and P deficiency, P fixing acid soils • High nutrient depletions • High cost of fertilizers General objective Develop integrated nutrient management practices to increase productivity through promoting legume crop genotypes with enhanced BNF, P use efficiency and greater productivity Study area Materials and Methods Specific objectives • Determine nutrient depletion • Quantify BNF for faba bean • Identify genotypes for positive soil N balance, P use efficiency and grain yield potential • Assess extent of root colonization by mycorrhiza • Investigate mechanisms of enhanced P use efficiency • Evaluate rotational effects Activity 1 (2008/09) Screening of faba bean ( Vicia faba ) 16 genotypes screened for • Adaptability, Nodulation, Yield and agronomic performance • RCBD, 3 reps used, ANOVA & LSD 0.05 , for mean comparison Activity 2 (2009/10) BNF and P uptake studies • Farmer’s field trial at Dedo, RCBD, 3 reps • 2 factors: fertilizer (0, 30 kg -1 as TSP) and genotype (six faba) • BNF, 15 N natural abundance, wheat as reference • P Uptake and use efficiency Results Table1. Grain yield and yield components of 16 faba bean varieties evaluated at Jimma and Dedo, 2008/2009 Fig 1. Interaction Plot (fitted means) for Total P uptake (kg/ha) of six faba bean varieties Fig 2. Interaction Plot (fitted means) for P-use efficiency (g shoot mg P -1 ) Conclusions • Evaluate rotational effects of superior fafa bean varieties like Moti, Obse, and Degaga for the subsequent cereal crop (Activity 3) Table 2. Effect of variety and P application on Grain yield and Nitrogen fixation of faba bean at Dedo Varieties PPP* 1000SW (g) GY (t ha -1 ) Jimma Dedo mean Jimma Dedo mean Jimma Dedo mean Holeta-2 11.1abc 13.5 12.3 476.2de 528.2b c 502.2cd 1.3bcd 2.8ab 2.1ab Obse 5.1g 8.3 6.7 620.4b 565.1b 592.7b 0.6g 1.9cde f 1.3cd NC-58 10.3bcd 13.9 12.1 389.9hi 423.3c d 406.6g 1.1bcde f 2.6abc 1.8ab Bulga-70 8.9bcde f 14.9 11.9 447.0ef 424.3c d 435.7ef g 1.3bc 2.7abc 2.0ab Salale 10.1bcd e 17.3 13.7 351.7i 304.5d e 328.1h 0.8efg 1.4def 1.1d Moti 8.5cdef 25.6 17.1 698.1a 469.6b c 583.8b 1.4bc 2.3abc d 1.8ab Tesfa 10.2bcd 18.5 14.4 418.5fg h 476.9b c 447.7de fg 1.3bcde 2.8ab 2.0ab Mesay 12.3ab 19.7 16.0 439.9ef g 504.8b c 472.3de f 1.4b 2.9ab 2.2a Degaga 10.1bcd e 15.3 12.7 490.0d 484.2b c 487.1de 1.4b 2.9ab 2.2a Gebelcho 7.2efg 13.1 10.2 665.6a 757.5a 711.6a 1.1bcde f 2.3bcd 1.7bc Kuse 9.6bcde 15.9 12.8 422.3fg h 442.8c 432.5ef g 1.0bcde fg 2.2bcd e 1.6bc Wayu 10.0bcd e 16.5 13.3 309.0j 280.4e 294.7h 0.8defg 1.2ef 1.0d Walki 13.7a 14.6 14.2 534.2c 574.9b 554.6bc 1.9a 2.5abc 2.2a CS20DK 6.5fg 13.0 9.8 429.6fg h 507.8b c 468.7de f 0.9cdef g 1.7def 1.3cd Kasa 10.5bcd 14.0 12.3 403.3gh 444.9b c 424.1fg 1.1bcde fg 2.2bcd 1.7bc Local 7.9defg 15.5 11.7 480.7fg h 458.8b c 433.8ef g 0.7fg 3.1a 1.9ab Mean 9.6b 15.6a 12.6 469b 478a 473.5 1.1b 2.4a 1.6 CV (%) 18.9 43.1 39.2 5.2 15.1 11.3 20.6 22.6 24.2 LSD 0.05 3.0 ns ns 40.6 120.0 62.0 0.47 0.81 0.46 * PPP= Pods per Plant; 1000SW= one thousand seeds weight; GY= Grain yield, Ndfa= Nitrogen derived from the atmosphere *Means followed by the same letter within a column are not statistically significant to each other, ** Nitrogen derived from the atmosphere, ns= not significant This is PhD work done in the context of the IUC-JU project Contacts: PhD: [email protected]; supervisors: [email protected], [email protected] Varietie s 3 0 0 30 25 20 15 10 W a l k i O b s e M o t i G e b e l c h o D e g a g a C S - 2 0 D K 30 25 20 15 10 P Varieti es Gebelch o Mot i Obse Walk i CS-20DK Degaga P 0 30 Varietie s 30 0 1. 0 0. 8 0. 6 0. 4 W a lk i O b s e M o t i G e be l c h o D e g a g a C S - 2 0 D K 1. 0 0. 8 0. 6 0. 4 P Varieti es Gebelcho Mot i Obse Walk i CS-20DK Degaga P 0 30
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Transcript of Improved cereal production via N and P efficient legume genotypes in the Gilgel-Gibe catchment,...
Improved cereal production via N and P efficient legume genotypes in the Gilgel-Gibe catchment, Ethiopia
Amsalu Nebiyu*, Pascal Boeckx** and Jan Diels****Jimma University, Ethiopia,**Laboratory of Applied Physical Chemistry (ISOFYS), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, UGhent, Belgium, * * *Department of Soil and Water Management, KULeuven, Belgium
Problem• Low productivity due to N and P deficiency, P fixing acid soils• High nutrient depletions• High cost of fertilizers
General objectiveDevelop integrated nutrient management practices to increase productivity through promoting legume crop genotypes with enhanced BNF, P use efficiency and greater productivity
Study area
Materials and Methods
Specific objectives• Determine nutrient depletion • Quantify BNF for faba bean• Identify genotypes for positive soil N balance, P use efficiency and grain yield potential• Assess extent of root colonization by mycorrhiza • Investigate mechanisms of enhanced P use efficiency• Evaluate rotational effects
Specific objectives• Determine nutrient depletion • Quantify BNF for faba bean• Identify genotypes for positive soil N balance, P use efficiency and grain yield potential• Assess extent of root colonization by mycorrhiza • Investigate mechanisms of enhanced P use efficiency• Evaluate rotational effects
Activity 1 (2008/09)Screening of faba bean (Vicia faba)
16 genotypes screened for • Adaptability, Nodulation, Yield and
agronomic performance• RCBD, 3 reps used, ANOVA & LSD0.05,
for mean comparison
Activity 2 (2009/10)BNF and P uptake studies
• Farmer’s field trial at Dedo, RCBD, 3 reps• 2 factors: fertilizer (0, 30 kg-1 as TSP) and genotype (six faba)• BNF, 15N natural abundance, wheat as reference• P Uptake and use efficiency
ResultsTable1. Grain yield and yield components of 16 faba bean varieties evaluated at Jimma and Dedo, 2008/2009
Fig 1. Interaction Plot (fitted means) for Total P uptake (kg/ha) of six faba bean varieties
Fig 2. Interaction Plot (fitted means) for P-use efficiency (g shoot mg P-1)
Conclusions• Evaluate rotational effects of superior fafa bean varieties like
Moti, Obse, and Degaga for the subsequent cereal crop (Activity 3)
Conclusions• Evaluate rotational effects of superior fafa bean varieties like
Moti, Obse, and Degaga for the subsequent cereal crop (Activity 3)
Table 2. Effect of variety and P application on Grain yield and Nitrogen fixation of faba bean at Dedo
Varieties PPP* 1000SW (g) GY (t ha-1)
Jimma Dedo mean Jimma Dedo mean Jimma Dedo mean
Holeta-2 11.1abc 13.512.3
476.2de 528.2bc502.2cd
1.3bcd2.8ab 2.1ab
Obse 5.1g 8.36.7
620.4b 565.1b592.7b
0.6g1.9cdef 1.3cd
NC-58 10.3bcd 13.912.1
389.9hi 423.3cd406.6g
1.1bcdef2.6abc 1.8ab
Bulga-70 8.9bcdef 14.911.9
447.0ef 424.3cd435.7efg
1.3bc2.7abc 2.0ab
Salale 10.1bcde 17.313.7
351.7i 304.5de328.1h
0.8efg1.4def 1.1d
Moti 8.5cdef 25.617.1
698.1a 469.6bc583.8b
1.4bc2.3abcd 1.8ab
Tesfa 10.2bcd 18.514.4
418.5fgh 476.9bc447.7defg
1.3bcde2.8ab 2.0ab
Mesay 12.3ab 19.716.0
439.9efg 504.8bc472.3def
1.4b2.9ab 2.2a
Degaga 10.1bcde 15.312.7
490.0d 484.2bc487.1de
1.4b2.9ab 2.2a
Gebelcho 7.2efg 13.110.2
665.6a 757.5a711.6a
1.1bcdef2.3bcd 1.7bc
Kuse 9.6bcde 15.912.8
422.3fgh 442.8c432.5efg
1.0bcdefg2.2bcde 1.6bc
Wayu 10.0bcde 16.513.3
309.0j 280.4e294.7h
0.8defg1.2ef 1.0d
Walki 13.7a 14.614.2
534.2c 574.9b554.6bc
1.9a2.5abc 2.2a
CS20DK 6.5fg 13.09.8
429.6fgh 507.8bc468.7def
0.9cdefg1.7def 1.3cd
Kasa 10.5bcd 14.012.3
403.3gh 444.9bc424.1fg
1.1bcdefg2.2bcd 1.7bc
Local 7.9defg 15.511.7
480.7fgh 458.8bc433.8efg
0.7fg3.1a 1.9ab
Mean 9.6b 15.6a12.6
469b 478a473.5
1.1b2.4a 1.6
CV (%) 18.9 43.1 39.2 5.2 15.1 11.3 20.6 22.6 24.2
LSD0.05 3.0 ns ns 40.6 120.0 62.0 0.47 0.81 0.46
* PPP= Pods per Plant; 1000SW= one thousand seeds weight; GY= Grain yield, Ndfa= Nitrogen derived from the atmosphere
*Means followed by the same letter within a column are not statistically significant to each other, ** Nitrogen derived from the atmosphere, ns= not significant *Means followed by the same letter within a column are not statistically significant to each other, ** Nitrogen derived from the atmosphere, ns= not significant
This is PhD work done in the context of the IUC-JU projectContacts: PhD: [email protected]; supervisors: [email protected], [email protected]
This is PhD work done in the context of the IUC-JU projectContacts: PhD: [email protected]; supervisors: [email protected], [email protected]
Varieties
30030
25
20
15
10
Walk
i
Obs e
Mot
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CS -2
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30
25
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Varieties
GebelchoMoti
Obse
Walki
CS-20DK
Degaga
P
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30
Varieties
300
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
Wa lki
Obs
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Gebelch o
Degaga
CS-2
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1.0
0.8
0.6
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P
Varieties
Gebelcho
Moti
Obse
Walki
CS-20DK
Degaga
P
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30
