Improve Problem Solving Using TRIZ - · PDF file2 TRIZ = Theory of Inventive Problem Solving...
Transcript of Improve Problem Solving Using TRIZ - · PDF file2 TRIZ = Theory of Inventive Problem Solving...
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Improve Problem Solving
Using TRIZ
Ellen Domb, Ph.D.The PQR Group
+1 (909)949-0857
http://www.triz-journal.com
http://www.trizpqrgroup.com
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TRIZ = Theory of Inventive Problem Solving
TRIZ is a Russian acronym1946-85. Originated in work of G. Altshuller and
others in the USSR
1980’s. Global expansion of use and research
Late 1990’s. Incorporated into Six Sigma and other quality disciplines
TRIZ is pronounced like “trees”
www.triz-journal.comcase studies, tutorials,theory, research
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Why Is Problem Solving Part of Business Innovation?
• If the customer has the problem, the solution is
called
New business
New Product
New Service
New hybrid service/product
• If the company has the problem, the solution is
called
Management Innovation
Six Sigma or Business Process Reengineering or ..
Innovation
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Two Culturally-Shocking, Underlying TRIZ Concepts
1. Somebody, someplace has already
solved your problem, or one very
similar. Creativity is finding
that solution and modifying
it to fit your circumstances
2. Don’t accept compromises.
Remove the source of the problem.
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Ideal Final Result: A concept and a tool for defining your problem
Ideality =
S Benefits / (S Costs + S Harm)
Improvement is in the direction of
Increasing benefits
Decreasing costs
Decreasing harm
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The Ideal Final Result (IFR)
• The Ideal Final Result describes the solution to a problem, independent of the mechanism or constraints of the original problem.The ideal system occupies no space, has
no weight, requires no labor, requires no maintenance, etc.
The practical way to achieve this is to use resources of the system, whichcan include the supersystem.
The ideal system delivers benefit without harm.
The ideal system solves its own problems.
• The IFR is the scariest tool of TRIZ. It tellsyou that you are going out of business
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3 Ways the IFR Helps You
1. Psychological: frees you from earlier solutions.
2. Technical: defines the problems that should be solved.
They guide you to other TRIZ tools, including contradiction resolution, use of resources, and use of technologies outside the field of original development.
3. Assessment: helps you test multiple solutions to a problem
Choose the best OR create new options
Do you need any one or all 3 in your organization?
Homework: Define the Ideal Final Result for your
primary service or product.
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Using Resources Increases Ideality and Accelerates Innovation
• Reduce time for development
Same suppliers
No new regulatory approvals
No new training for employees, distributors or customers
• Increase Ideality
Reduce complexity
Reduce waste (energy and materials)
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Example: Real-Time Traffic Information
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Example: Real-Time Traffic Information
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Example: Real-Time Traffic Information
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Drivers Can Avoid DelayEither Use Signs or Feed to GPS
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Highway operators encourage more efficient routes
Example: Variable cost for using carpool/bus/fee lane
depending on speed of highway
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Sensor Cost Limited Usefulness
• 1950’s: Pneumatic strips on highway
• 1980’s: Optical, radar, and magnetic systems
• 2007+: Use data from cell phone tower transitions near highways to calculate traffic speed without a sensor.
• Use of a data resource replaces the physical system elements of the traffic sensors. Cost is software only.
US$10k$100k$0
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Using the Customer as a Resource
• Energy
• Information
• Judgment
Harvard Business Review, Oct. 2009
“The Power of Unwitting Workers” by Gardiner Morse
Fast Company Magazine, Nov. 2009
“16 Inventions that Help”
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Using the Customer as a Resource
Judgment
Energy
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Rotterdam
nightclub
powered by
dancers’
energy
Using the Customer as a Resource
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Using the Customer as a Resource
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There Are 2 Kinds of Contradictions
• Technical Contradictions “Trade-offs”
Something gets better, something else gets worse
Use the matrix and the 40 principles
• Physical Contradictions “Inherent Contradictions
One object has contradictory (opposite) requirements.
Use the separation principles
Improves
Degra
des
6,14
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Hot/cold
Soft/hard
Time consuming/instant
Present/absent
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Use the Problem Statement to Define Contradictions
• Technical (Trade-off) Contradictions: If something gets better, something else gets worse.
The table gets stronger (good) but the weight increases (bad)
Bad solution =
good starting point
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Use the Problem Statement to Define Contradictions
• Technical (Trade-off) Contradictions: If something gets better, something else gets worse.
The bandwidth of a communication system increases (good), but requires more power (bad)
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Use the Problem Statement to Define Contradictions
• Technical (Trade-off) Contradictions: If something gets better, something else gets worse.
Customer service improves if employees go to a very thorough training class (good), but their time away from the job gets worse (bad)
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Wei
gh
t o
f m
ov
ing
ob
ject
Wei
gh
t o
f st
atio
na
ry
ob
ject
Len
gth
of
mo
vin
g o
bje
ct
1 2 3
11 Stress or pressure10, 36,
37, 40
13, 29,
10, 18
35, 10,
36
12 Shape8, 10,
29, 40
15, 10,
26, 3
29, 34, 5,
4
13Stability of the
object's composition
21, 35,
2, 39
26, 39, 1,
40
13, 15, 1,
28
14 Strength1, 8, 40,
15
40, 26,
27, 1
1, 15, 8,
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15Duration of action of
moving object
19, 5,
34, 31- 2, 19, 9
16Duration of action by
stationary object-
6, 27, 19,
16-
17 Temperature36,22, 6,
38
22, 35,
3215, 19, 9
Worsening
Feature
Improving
Feature
40,26,
27, 1
Use the Matrix
Then go to the
40 Principles
for solution
concepts
www.triz-journal.com
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Examples of 40 Principles
• 40—Use composite materials
• 26—Use images or optical copies,
change the wavelength of an image.
• 27—Use cheap disposable parts
• 1—Segmentation. Divide the system
into parts. If it is already in parts, make
them smaller.
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Resolve Trade-offs:www.triz-journal.com
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There Are 2 Kinds of Contradictions
• Technical Contradictions
“Trade-offs”
Something gets better, something gets worse
• Physical “Inherent” Contradictions
One property has contradictory (opposite)
requirements.
Improves
Degra
des
6,14
22
Hot/cold
Soft/hard
Time consuming/instant
Present/absent
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• The system must have two different values of the
same property
The coffee must be hot and cold
Training must take a lot of time
and no time
Use the Problem Statement to Define Physical Contradictions
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• The system must have two different values of the
same property
We want a live audience,
we don’t want a live
audience
I want more employees,
I don’t want more
employees
Use the Problem Statement to Define Physical Contradictions
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• The system must have two different values of the
same property
The airplane must have wheels hanging down and not
hanging down
Use the Problem Statement to Define Physical Contradictions
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• The system must have two different values of the
same property
The portable
phone must have
big buttons and
it must have
small buttons
Use the Problem Statement to Define Physical Contradictions
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Resolve Physical Contradictions 4 Ways
1. Separation of the requirements in time
2. Separation of the requirements in space
3. Coexistence of the contradictory properties, in different sub-systems or different regions of phase space.
4. Solve the problem in the super-system or the sub-system
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Try Both Ways
PhysicalContradictionSeparation Principles
TechnicalContradiction
40 Inventive Principles
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Who Does What with TRIZ?
• Siemens
• Samsung
• General Electric
• Hewlett-Packard
• Intel
• Ford
• Dow Chemical Co.
• SC Johnson
• Johnson & Johnson
• IBM
• Cummins
• Mexican University System
• INSA (France)
• Fraunhofer Institute
• NC State University
• Wayne State University
• UCLA
• USC
• Dubai and Saudi Arabia new technical universities
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Next Steps
• Apply TRIZ to any innovativesituation.
• Learn what others are doing: TRIZCON in April, Japan and China meetings in Sept., Iberoamerican Innovation in November, European TRIZ Association in November…and more!
• The TRIZ Journal http://www.triz-journal.com READ and CONTRIBUTE
Integrate TRIZ with all your innovation methods
and quality improvement systems
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