Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe...

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Impressionism subtle

Transcript of Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe...

Page 1: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Impressionism

subtle

Page 2: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Table of Contents• Edgar Degas• Eugene Boudin• Claude Monet• Edouard Manet• Berthe Morisot• Camille Pissarro • Pierre Auguste Renoir• Alfred Sisley• Mary Cassatt• James Abbott McNeill Whistler

Page 3: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

In General• a movement in painting that originated in France in the late 19th

century• French art critic Louis Leroy coined the term impressionist in a

satirical review of a private exhibition of paintings – Leroy argued that as soon as these artists had suggested an

impression of a subject by means of a few abrupt, shorthand brushstrokes, they were satisfied and stopped work.

• found many subjects in life around them rather than in history• tried to depict what they saw at a given moment, capturing a

fresh, original vision• often painted out of doors

– To observe nature more directly and set down its most fleeting aspects

Page 4: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Features• The appearance of spontaneity• Used broken brushstrokes of bright, often unmixed colors. • Which produced loose or densely textured surfaces rather

than the carefully blended colors and smooth surfaces favored by most artists of the time.

• The colors have an overall luminosity because the painters avoided blacks and earth colors.

• Simplified compositions, omitting detail to achieve a striking overall effect.

• Impressionists were united by a desire to gain independence from an annual government-sponsored exhibition in Paris called the Salon.

Page 5: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Édouard Manet

• 1832-83, French painter • Manet was influenced by Velázquez and Goya and

later by Japanese painters and printmakers and photography.

• he did not employ impressionism's typical broken color or sketchy brushstrokes.

• Manet worked in broad, flat areas, using almost no transitional tones, to show what the eye takes in at a glance.

Page 6: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

With its bold brush strokes and realistic portrayal

of everyday events, Manet’s work served as a forerunner of the

impressionist

movement. Self-

portrait

Page 7: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Olympia based on a portrait by Renaissance master Titian.

Received severe criticism because of his unorthodox portrayals of nude subjects that were neither mythological nor biblical.

Page 8: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe

Rejected from the Salon in Paris

Page 9: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

History from ManetZola, Emile (1840-1902) French writer and art critic; was introduced to Manet in February 1866. Three months later Zola wrote an enthusiastic essay in defense of Manet’s work (L’Evénement, May 1866). Manet painted this portrait as an expression of his thanks. In 1870-1903 Zola wrote and published his novel series about the Rougon-Macquart family, including Nana, in 1880. Nana was a character in Emile Zola’s novel.

Page 10: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Manet’s Mother above

Manet’s wife below

The Women in Manet’s Life

Page 11: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

. Claude Monet Painting on His Studio Boat. 1874

Page 12: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Execution of the Emperor Maximilian of Mexico. 1867-1868

Page 13: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

fragment of "The Execution of

Maximilian"

Page 14: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Manet often illustrated scenes from

contemporary life in his paintings. With his

modern subject matter and spontaneous, brushy technique, he influenced

the development of

modern art. Argenteuil

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Chanteur espagnol

One of his works that was accepted

by the Salon

Page 16: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Balcony. 1868

The painting shows Berthe Morisot, next to

her is the violinist Fanny Claus, and

behind the women is the painter Antonin

Guillemet

Page 17: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Manet’s Legacy

Page 18: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Edgar Degas • French painter and sculptor 1834-1917 • He strove to unite the discipline of classical art with the

immediacy of impressionism • Degas chose to paint theater and ballet performances,

races, and café life, subjects that allowed him to capture movement in his off-center and oddly cropped compositions.

• He made notes and sketches from living models in motion to preserve informality of action and position

• Right before he went blind, he produced more freely executed, glowing pastels and charcoal drawings

Page 19: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

He was precociously gifted as a draftsman and a brilliantly subtle and penetrating portraitist Bellelli Family, 1859

Page 20: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Woman with Chrysanthemumseffected a remarkable balance by giving special weight to the focus of interest

Page 21: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Star 1876-77

Page 22: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Dancing Examination

ability to capture a

momentary pose

Page 23: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Eugène Boudin

• French painter • Boudin met Claude Monet and did much to help

the young painter find his true artistic self • In the 1860s he frequently saw Edouard Manet• His land- and seascapes of that period are filled

with a constantly changing iridescent light; his palette grows lighter and the brushstrokes assume the aspect of soft, blurred patches of color

• His pictures of the sea made him one of the precursors of the Impressionists.

Page 24: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Noted for the pervasive clarity and directness of

his outdoor scenes, Boudin excelled in

depicting nuances of light and atmosphere. He

painted from nature, influencing the

impressionists

Page 25: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Claude Monet • 1840-1926, French landscape painter • Monet lifelong objective: portraying the variations of light and

atmosphere brought on by changes of hour and season. • Monet learned from his friends, from the landscape itself, and

from the works of his older contemporaries Manet, Corot, and Courbet.

• Monet's representation of light was based on his knowledge of the laws of optics as well as his own observations of his subjects.

• He often showed natural color by breaking it down into its different components as a prism does.

• Eliminated black and gray from his palette

Page 26: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Monet

• In his later works Monet allowed his vision of light to dissolve the real structures of his subjects

• he chose simple matter • 1874 Sisley, Morisot, and Monet organized the

first impressionist group show, which was ferociously maligned by the critics – It failed financially

• In the last decade of his life Monet was nearly blind

Page 27: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Impression: Sunrise 1873

Page 28: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The White Water Lilies. 1899

Page 29: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Rouen Cathedral. Portail. The Albaine Tower 1893-1894, The Rouen Cathedral at Noon (1894)

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Beach Scene, Trouville 1863

Page 31: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Beach Scene, Trouville 1863

Page 32: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Woman with an Umbrella

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Self-Portrait. 1886.

Page 34: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Berthe Morisot• French impressionist painter • She formed a close friendship with Manet, when she

married Manet’s brother Eugene• Her later work inclined toward pure impressionism in its

rendering of light • Unusual smoothness of brushwork • She painted in clear, luminous colors. • Her early subject matter included landscapes and marine

scenes• Later she most frequently painted tranquil portraits of

mothers and children.

Page 35: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Mother and Sister

of the Artist (Reading). c.1869-70When asked to

criticize the work, Manet loved it but when Moriscot left he touched it up.

She was very upset

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The Cradle

Page 37: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

In the Grass. 1874

Page 38: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Harbor at Lorient. 1869

Page 39: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Girl in a Boat with

Geese. c.1889

Page 40: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Camille Pissarro

• 1830-1903, French impressionist painter • Pissarro's warmth and generosity made him an

endearing figure. He was especially beloved as teacher and friend to Gauguin, Cézanne, and Cassatt

• In 1884 he experimented with theories of color called divisionism (dots)

• Abandoning divisionism in the 1890s, he reverted to a freer, more vital interpretation of nature

Page 41: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

L'Hermitage a Pontoise. 1867

Page 42: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Vegetable Garden at the Hermitage, Pontoise (1879). The real subject matter here is light, and there is no black in the palette, exemplifying impressionist painting. The style also borders on pointillism with its small, even dabs of color. The effect of light brush strokes over dark gives it a shimmering quality.

Page 43: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Self-Portrait

Page 44: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Red Roofs

Page 45: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Lucien Pissarro. The Deaf Woman's House. 1888

Lucien was a pupil of his father

Page 46: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Pierre Auguste Renoir

Page 47: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

• 1841-1919, French impressionist painter and sculptor • His early work reflected myriad influences including those of Courbet, Manet, Corot,

Ingres and Delacroix• he developed the ability to paint joyous, shimmering color and flickering light in

outdoor scenes • He went beyond impressionism.

– His ecstatic sensuality, particularly in his opulent, generalized images of women, and

– his admiration of the Italian masters removed him from the primary impressionist concern: to imitate the effects of natural light.

• “harsh” period in which his forms were closely defined in outline • In the 1890s he changed, diffusing both light and outline, and with dazzling,

opalescent colors describing voluptuous nudes, radiant children, and lush summer landscapes.

• 1903, Renoir fought arthritis at the same time that his work attained its greatest sensual power and monumentality

Page 48: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Lise. 1867the Salon in 1867 accepted

Lise, portrait of his model and lover Lise Treho. She posed

in these others as well

Page 49: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The figure in this painting is bathed in light, and the artist’s

unique brushwork gives the figure a glowing

quality.Portrait of the Actress Jeanne Samary. 1878

Page 50: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Madame Charpentier and her Children

Page 51: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The SwingThe Family of the Artist. In the picture: standing - Pierre (11 years old), Aline (the wife); in the lower part – Jean (about 2 years old), governess; in the right part  - a neighbor’s girl

Page 52: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Moulin de la Galette

Page 53: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Bathers (detail). 1887

Page 54: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Luncheon of the Boating Party

Page 55: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Dance at Bougival

Lady Sewing

Page 56: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

In the know

Self- portrait Frédéric Bazille at His Easel. 1867

Alfred Sisley and His Wife. 1868.

Page 57: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Renoir’s World of Aquaintances

Portrait of Claude Monet. 1875

In 1880, Renoir met Aline Charigot, a common woman, whom he would marry in 1890, they had 3 sons: Pierre, Jean, Claude, called “Coco” Aline and Pierre. 1887

Page 58: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Alfred Sisley • 1839-99, French impressionist landscape

painter • painted subtly shimmering small-town

landscapes that reveal a wistful, lyrical sensibility

• Influenced by his friends Renoir and Monet in his selection of colors but closer to the Barbizon School tradition

• Sisley did not live to see his talent recognized

Page 59: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

impressionist style, applying clear, bright colors in short, visible brushstrokes. Sisley's paintings are distinguished by their serenity and their focus on the effects of light and atmosphere. Moret-sur-Loing in Morning Sun. 1888.

Page 60: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Square in Argenteuil (rue de la Chaussée). 1872

Monet had moved in 1871 to the village of Argenteuil on the north bank of the Seine. Sisley often visited Monet

Page 61: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Moret-sur-Loing. 1891

Page 62: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Mary Cassatt

• (1844-1926), American painter • she typically portrayed family members and

friends in intimate, domestic settings– she used members of her own family as subjects

• she began to emphasize line rather than form or mass and experimented with asymmetric composition and informal, natural gestures and positions.

• loss of her sight in 1914, meant she was no longer able to paint.

Page 63: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Mrs. Cassatt Reading to Her Grandchildren

Page 64: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The Cup of TeaMary’s sister is the model

Page 65: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Sleepy Baby. c.

1910

Page 66: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Two Children at the Seashore

Summertime. c. 1894.

The Child's Caress.

Page 67: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

James Abbott McNeill Whistler • An American• Whistler was dismissed from West Point for insufficient knowledge of

chemistry and from the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, where he had learned etching and map engraving

• Whistler resorted to elaborate exhibits, lectures, polemics, and more than one lawsuit. – In Falling Rocket: Nocturne in Black and Gold (Detroit Inst. of Arts)

he sued Ruskin in 1878 for writing that Whistler asked “two hundred guineas for flinging a pot of paint in the public's face.”

• Whistler explained that the harmonious arrangement of light, form, and color was the most significant element of his paintings.

• To de-emphasize their subjective content, he called them by fanciful, abstract titles such as Nocturne in Black and Gold, and Arrangement in Gray and Black

Page 68: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Arrangement in Black and Grey No. 1: The Artist’s

Mother used monochromatic

colors, like Degasthe two-dimensional format of the composition recalls

the similar flattened style of Claude Monet.

Page 69: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

Symphony in White No. 1: The White

Girl. 1862.

His brushy impressionistic technique is evident in

Valparaiso Harbor

Page 70: Impressionism subtle. Table of Contents Edgar Degas Eugene Boudin Claude Monet Edouard Manet Berthe Morisot Camille Pissarro Pierre Auguste Renoir Alfred.

The End