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PRESENTED BY:SWETHA NELLI

&

PURVI SHAH

EXPORT AND IMPORT

OF MEDICINALPLANTS


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India is a land to about 17,000 species of higher plants, out of

which 7500 are known for their therapeutic uses. Ayurveda, has alone reported approximately 2000 medicinal

plant species, followed by Siddha and Unani.

India has 15 agroclimatic zones and 17000-18000species offlowering plants of which 6000-7000 are estimated to have

medicinal usage in folk and documented systems of medicine likeayurveda,siddha,unani and homeopathy.

According to a study , 18% of the world's top 150 prescriptiondrugs are derived from plant sources. The demand for medicinalplant-based raw materials is growing at the rate of15 to 25%

annually worldwide.

India as a source of medicinal.plants

:Ref. ,1 Govt of India National Medicinal Plant based Ministry of

, .Health and Family Welfare Departmant of AyushExport Potential of Herbal and Medicinal Plantsn ,ndia . & .Dr Vinod Singh Mrs Shaili Vadera, ov 2010

1.


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q Global market size for herbal and medicinal plants is estimated atUS$ 60 billion and is projected to reach US$ 5 trillion by2050 (source WHO 2003).

q About 75% to 80% of the total exports of crude drugs come fromIndia.

q India and China are two of the largest countries in Asia, whichhave the richest arrays of registered and relatively well-knownmedicinal plants.

q Export of Herbs, herbal extracts and medicinal plant from India isincreasing at rapid pace.

q India now ranks the worlds second largest exporter ofmedicinal plants after China in the trade of herbals.

India as a exporter of medicinalplants


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China shares about 28 percent in the global medicinal plantsmarket. While Indias shares 8.13 per cent.

However, India, with its immense reserve of diverse plants, is fastcatching up nearly doubling the volume of exported herbs in the lastfive years.

In terms of numbers, Indias share in the export of medicinal plantsand herbs in the global market during the year 2009-10 was Rs685.14 crore.

Ref:Herbs, Herbal Extracts and Medicinal Plant Exports from IndiaZooms Date : January 7, 2011

..Cont


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.

Rs

I

n

crores

Years

:Ref ,erbs Herbal Extracts and Medicinal Plant Exports fromndia Zooms: ,Date January 7 2011


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Best selling herbal drugs in, .USA Europe exported from India

Common name Scientific name

Isabgol Plantago ovata

St.johns wort Hypercium perforatum

Aloe Aloe vera

Peppermint Mentha piperita

Mandukaparani Centella asiatica

Milk thistle Silybium marianum

Ginseng Panax pseudoginseng

: , &Ref Medicinal plants by kurian A A

. , . .sankar Alice kurian M Asha sankar


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Major herbal extracts exported fromIndia

S.No Herbal extract

1. Amla extract

2. Hypercium extract

3. Aswagandha extract4. Boswelli extract

5. Brahmi extract

6. Tulsi extract

7. Neem extract

8. Centella extract

9. Gingko extract


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qIndia dominates the world market in productionand export of Psyllium husk and seeds. Indiaexports 80% of the Psyllium available in the worldmarket.

qThe United States is the world's largest importerof Psyllium "husk" with over 60% of total importsgoing to pharmaceutical firms

q

Psyllium

Export Potential of Herbal and Medicinal Plants in IndiaDr. Vinod Singh & Mrs. Shaili VaderaNov 2010


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Spices exports have registered substantial growth during the last one-decade.

During the year 2009-10, spices export from India has registered anall time high both in terms of quantity and value

:Export of spices

-In 2009 10

,02 750 tonnes

. .Rs 5560 50 crores

-In 2008 09,470 520 tonnes

. .Rs 5300 25 crores

% %ncrease of 7 in volume and 5 in rupee value


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India commands a formidable position in the World SpiceTrade with 48% share in Volume and 44% in Value.

.CONT

:Ref, &Spices board india Ministry of commerce industry

, .Govt of India

. .www indianspices com
http://www.indianspices.com/http://www.indianspices.com/http://www.indianspices.com/


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The US continued to be a major market for Indian pepper, importing8,525 tonnes, accounting for43 per cent of the total export of pepper.

The other major buyers are UK, Canada, Germany, Italy and Japan.

:Export of Pepper


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Chilli, the largest spice item exported from India,accounted for41 per cent in volume and 23 per cent invalue terms of total export of spices in 2009-10.

Export of chilli


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However, India, despite having its own varieties of herbs, isheading towards an uncertain scenario. With an annual 20%growth, the present Indian medicinal plant business volume isoverRs 4,500 crore.

"But due to excessive and unscientific harvesting, a largenumber of medicinal plant species are under threat," said MAHaque, director, ministry of environment and forests. Accordingto Mr Haque, of the available 15,000 species, around 8,000are in use.

:Import of herbal drugs

:EF ndia to import medicinal herbs from Bhutan onepleting stocks, , , , .Debasis Sarkar TNN Dec 19 2007 04 18am IST


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While nearly 1,700 are for ayurvedic usage,1,100 are for siddha,over750 in unani and near300 are in amchi or Tibetan school fortreatments.

But, just 800-900 are in trade records. Out of those, about 700

are harvested in large quantities from forests. Common examplesare senna, amla, asoka, harra, gulancha, khas, ashwagandha andsarpgandha.

According to Inscriptions India survey, India's

Green ProtectionIndex (GPI) figure is just 0.425 on a scale of 0 to 1. GPI is anindicator of the initiative of the government to protect its greenwealth

..Con


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:Medicinal plants under threat

The list of Indian medicinal plants under threat is quite long. Itincludes:

1. Acorus calamus (vacha)2. asoka and arjuna3. Coscinium fenestratum (jhar-haldi)4. Sarapgandha5. Gloriosa superba (karihari),6. Janakia arayalpathra (amruthapala)

A major Indian speciesplectranthus vettiveroide (valak) isalready extinct from the wild.


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Major medicinal plants imported to India

1. Anacyclus pyrethrum

2. Centurea behan

3. Glycyrhizza glabra

4. Cuscuta epithymum5. Lavendula spp.

6. Operculina turpethum

7. Pimpinella anisum

8. Paeonia officinalis

9. Smilax spp.

10. Panax ginseng

: , & .Ref Medicinal plants by kurian A A sankar Alice, . .kurian M Asha sankar


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qThe figures of imports of medicinal plants &herbals amounted to Rs 135 Crores during2003-2004 & Rs 173 crores during 2004-05

q

qGum arabica costituted the largestproportion by quantity ( % )34

q

q Piper longum constituted the largestproportion by value ( .31 4%)

Import of medicinal plants in India

:Source Directorate General of General Of Commercial Intelligenceand Statistics


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Imports of medicinal plants during 2004 2005



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Very few medicinal plants are imported inIndia

Medicinal plants imported in India

Liquorice roots ( Glycyrrhizaglabra ) Scamonia (Convolvulusscamonia)Asafoetida ( Ferula asafoetida ) Gaj pimpali ( Scindapus

officinalis )Chirata herb (Swertia chirata ) Kankol (Piper cubeba )

Gum-guggul ( Commiphoramukkul)

Chopchini (Smilax china )

Gum-arabic ( Acacia arabica ) Maiphal ( Quircus infectoria )

Pipali root/ unripe fruits ( Piperlongum )

Clove (Engenia caryophyllus)

Unnab fruits ( Zizyphus sativa ) Nutmeg mace ( Myristica

fragrance )Asaroon herb (Anacycluseuropaeum )

Akarkaararoot ( Anacycluspyrethrum )

Ustakkoddus ( Lavendulastoeches )

Kapurchini (Hedychiumspicatum )

Red sage ( Salvia officinalis ) Patang ( Caesalpinia sappan )

: . . . .Reference Pharmacognosy by C K Kokate Pg No 62


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Oil of Geranium ( Pelargoniumgraveolens )

Oil of Patchouli ( Pogostemon

patchouli ) Oil of Clove ( Eugenia caryophyllus )

Essential oils which are imported regularly

Reference : Pharmacognosy by C. K. Kokate Pg. No. 62


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According to the assessment reported by ADMA( Ayurvedic DtugManufacturing Association ), less than 10% of

the requirement of guggul gum ( from Commiphora weightii)currently being met from indigenous sources with the remaining90% of this material being obtained through imports



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India, considered a goldmine for medicinal plants , is going to importherbs from its neighbour Bhutan, another treasure trove formedicinal herbs like

Chirata ( Swertia chirata ) Pipla (Piper longum )

Tsoe ( Rubia cordifolia ) Ironically, Indias own natural stock is fast depleting due to lack of

conservation.

:eference ndia to import medicinal herbs from Bhutan on,epleting stocks .Debasis Sarkar TNN Dec 19 2007 04 18am IST


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..THANK YOU..THANK YOU


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Major medicinal plants imported to India

1. Anacyclus pyrethrum

2. Centurea behan

3. Glycyrhizza glabra

4. Cuscuta epithymum5. Lavendula spp.

6. Operculina turpethum

7. Pimpinella anisum

8. Paeonia officinalis

9. Smilax spp.

10. Panax ginseng

:Source Directorate General of General Of Commercial Intelligence

and Statistics


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While nearly 1,700 are for ayurvedic usage, 1,100 are for siddha, over 750 inunani and near 300 are in amchi or Tibetan school for treatments.

But, just 800-900 are in trade records. Out of those, about 700 are harvested inlarge quantities from forests. Common examples are sena, amla, asoka, harra,gulancha, khas, ashwagandha and sarpgandha.

according to Inscriptions India survey, India's Green Protection Index (GPI)figure is just 0.425 on a scale of 0 to 1. GPI is an indicator of the initiative ofthe government to protect its green wealth


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The items of export values are opium, psyllium husks &seeds, vinca, kuth roots,nux-vomica, galanga &sennaleaves & pods.

India is the second largest producer of castor seeds in the

world.

With the development of phytochemical industry in india,domestic requirements for various medicinal plants grewconsiderably.

Consequently, the governments of India has adopted

restrictive export policy in respect of those crude drugswhich are indiscrimentally exploited in the forests.

In accordance with the policy, the exports of rouwolfia,podophyllum, indian rhubarb, dioscorea, saussurea, etc.

from India were restricted

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