Implementing Use Of Cleaning Chemicals … Safer For People And The Environment

Implementing Use Of Cleaning ChemicalsImplementing Use Of Cleaning Chemicals

… …Safer For People And TheSafer For People And The

EnvironmentEnvironment

www.ENVIRO-SOLUTION.com www.ENVIRO-SOLUTION.com • • Resource Center Resource Center • Presentations & Reports • Other Helpful Sites• Presentations & Reports • Other Helpful Sites

OUTLINE

1. Did You Know?

2. Overview Of Current Situation

3. To Be Proven More Environmentally Sound

4. To Be Proven Safer For People

5. Key Criteria of Green Seal and Environmental Choice

6. Commonly Used Hazardous Chemicals

7. Cleaning Tenders/Bids – Product Guidelines

8. Q’s & A’s

1. DID YOU KNOW?

In a recent survey of 32 facilities in Richmond California, of 250 janitorial products, the findings were:

• 7% should not be used as they could cause cancer or were very damaging to the environment.

• 56% require extreme care as the ingredients can cause blindness, severe skin damage, interfere with the endocrine system, or be absorbed through the skin or inhaled and subsequently cause damage to the blood, liver, kidneys, nervous system, or a developing fetus.

• 37% require routine care as they may irritate the eyes and skin, can evaporate and affect indoor air quality, or may exceed a building’s allowable sewer discharge limits for certain ingredients.

Source – “Cleaning For Health: Products and Practices for a Safer Indoor Environment”; Alicia Culver, Senior Research Associate; INFORM, Inc.

1. DID YOU KNOW?


7% Cause Cancer, Ozone Depletion, or Global Warning

HAZARDS OF CLEANERS:

56% Contain Ingredients that can Cause Blindness, Severe Skin Damage, or Damage to Organs Through Skin

1. DID YOU KNOW?

• A fetus may come into contact with an endocrine-disrupting chemical while still in the womb, but problems, such as birth defects, infertility and leaning disabilities may not show up until much later. Often the timing is critical. For example, sexual organs develop at day 56 of gestation. Exposure at this stage could be a factor in the later development of testicular cancer.

• 2-butoxyethanol, a common ingredient in cleaning products, is a toxin suspected of causing learning disabilities in children as well as liver and kidney damage. This chemical can be absorbed directly through the skin.

• The World Health Organization estimates that 80 percent of all cancers are environmentally related.

Source – LEAS: www.leas.ca

1. DID YOU KNOW?

Health Hazards of Janitorial Cleaning Chemicals:

• Janitorial workers experience relatively high injury rates, many of which are due to the toxic chemicals found in cleaning products, particularly floor and carpet maintenance products, disinfectants and specialty cleaners.

• These chemicals can cause headaches, asthma, burns, permanent eye damage, major organ damage and even cancer.

• There are 100,000 commercial chemicals in use in North America – perhaps 500 or less than 1,000 have ever really been studied.

Source - “Cleaning For Health: Products and Practices for a Safer Indoor Environment”; Alicia Culver, Senior Research Associate; INFORM, Inc. - Dr. Bruce Fowler, University of Maryland.

1. DID YOU KNOW?


• 6 out of every 100 janitors are injured on the job, at an average cost of $725 in medical and lost time per reported injury.

• 40 percent of these injuries involve eye irritations or burns.

• 36 percent of these injuries involve skin irritations or burns.

• 20 percent of these injuries are severe chemical burns to the eyes and skin.

• 12 percent of these injuries involve breathing chemical fumes.

• Some disinfectants (e.g. “quats”) can cause occupational asthma.


1. DID YOU KNOW?


• 127 janitors died in the US between 1993 and 2001 as a result of the cleaning products they were using.

• A health care worker complained of respiratory irritation from using a bathtub cleaner and disinfectant in the course of her work in a British Columbia health care institution. Despite her symptoms, she continued to do the work as directed by her employer. One day, after she had completed her shift, she went home, feeling ill. She later collapsed and died. Her union took the case to the Workers’ Compensation Board and did extensive research on the ingredients in the cleaning solutions. It was found that she had been exposed to excessive levels of “quats”, which were probably the cause of her death.

• The numbers are growing for human health and environmental hazards linked with traditional cleaning products.

Source – “US Bureau of Labour Statistics”. Leas: www.leas.ca

1. DID YOU KNOW?

• That poor quality indoor air can produce health effects in occupants ranging from headaches and dry eyes to nausea, dizziness and fatigue.

• These health effects contribute to increased absenteeism/sick days, low moral and decreased worker productivity.

• A study of school districts in the greater Washington, D.C. area found that there was a direct correlation between Indoor Air Quality and both attendance and performance of their students.


1. DID YOU KNOW?

• Indoor air quality is ranked among the nation’s top 5 environmental risks. IAQ can be 2 to 100 times as worse than the outdoors.

• The World Health Organization estimates that 30% of all buildings experience IAQ problems.

• Improving IAQ can improve worker production by 0.5 to 5 percent, an annual production given of $30 billion to $150 billion annually.


1. DID YOU KNOW?

• Improved cleaning methods and safer cleaning chemicals can very positively affect indoor air quality, worker health, and the environment.

• Clearly, eliminating the toxic ingredients from cleaning products would bring tremendous benefits to society – in reduced occupational diseases and cancer, and cleaner air and water (LEAS).

• The main reason for going “green” is for the health of yourself, your staff, the people who work in your buildings and the visitors to your facilities. In addition, you should go “green” for the environment – air, water and land.

NOTE: LEAS = Labour Environmental Alliance Society : www.leas.ca

1. DID YOU KNOW?

Economics Encourage true product innovation and differentiation

Equity EnvironmentPromotes people health & safety

Products overall burden and impact on the environment is minimized

1. DID YOU KNOW?

Source – The Natural Step. See Http://www.naturalstep.org (as mentioned in:“Sustainability, Green Chemistry and the Unified Green Cleaning Alliance : ISSA Legislative and Regulatory Forum”; Dr. Lauren Heine; Zero Waste Alliance).

WOW – Did You Know?

1. DID YOU KNOW?

• It is a fact: traditional cleaning, floor care, carpet care, washroom care and odour control products are hazardous to people and the environment. While the degree of hazard varies, the fact of the matter is that by going green, you can very quickly, easily and profoundly make a difference with out impacting performance as well as labour and product cost.

• The key is to understand what green is; what are the variables, considerations, and criteria of green; and how to know a product is green given all the misinformation and “spin” being disseminated by many manufacturers, both large and small.

1. DID YOU KNOW?

• “Green & safer” claims and products have been around for approximately 10 years.

• Until recently, not grown in significant use.

• Why?

2. OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SITUATION

NOT GROWN FOR VARIOUS REASONS:

• Poor product performance

• Price premium

• Unclear standards/Lack of consistent standards

• Unproven Claims/Mis-information/False Claims

• Complacency and resistance to change

• Lack of understanding by cleaning professionals

• Lack of acceptance by the major manufacturers of cleaning chemicals



RECENTLY, GREATER ACTIVITY:SCHOOLS CITIES/STATES COMPANIES HEALTHCARE

McGill University Brampton Ontario Hydro/Ontario Power Generation

2 of the largest hospitals in Quebec

Laval University Toronto 2 – IBM Plants 2 large nursing homes in Quebec

Acadia University British Columbia Building Corp.

Dupont Various other hospitals & health care institutions to a varying degree

Largest College in Quebec

Santa Monica Shell

Various School Boards to a varying degree

Massachusettes Alcan

Vermont Dofasco

Minnesota Husky Injection Molding

Washington

Unified Green Cleaning Alliance

3. TO BE PROVEN MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND

• What are the key criteria to review/consider in order to have safer products for the environment?


BIODEGRADABILITY:

• It is the decomposition of organic substances into carbon dioxide, water and other harmless substances.

• Must state:

Definition/Standard used

At use dilution under load and simulated real life situations

• OECD 301-D is one of the highest standards.

• BOD over COD being 60% or greater in a 10 day window over a 28 day limit.

BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand is the oxygen consumed by the microorganism in the test.

COD Chemical Oxygen Demand also known as the Theoretical Oxygen Demand (TOD) is the theoretical oxygen demand to

completely mineralize thechemical.

NOTE:

DOSAGE LEVELS:

• Must be at least equal to standard products.


AQUATIC TOXICITY:

• Must meet or exceed acute toxicity at standard use dilution for:

Fish

Daphnia magna

Algae


TESTS/CLAIMS:

• Conducted and/or verified by 3rd Party, Independent, Recognized Labs.

• Should be both:

Ingredients

Whole Formulation


SURFACTANTS:

• Must be carefully selected so as to have the least negative effect on the environment – biodegrade readily to components with low toxicity.

• For example: Use - Linear Alcohol Ethoxylates

- Linear Alkyl Sulfonates

Do Not Use - NPE

- APE

- OPE

- LAS

- DBSA



BUILDERS:

• Must be carefully selected to biodegrade readily to compounds with low environmental concerns and mild pH.

• For example:

Use - Sodium Citrate

- Silicates

- Zeolites

- Maleic Anhydride Derivatives (iminodisuccinate and polyaspartic acid)

Do Not Use - Inorganic phosphates

- Caustics (sodium metasilicate)

- NTA

- EDTA

- MEA


SOLVENTS:

• Must be carefully selected to be low in toxicity to the environment and to humans.

• For example:

Use- Propylene Glycol Ethers

- Methyl Soyate

- Ethyle Lactate

Do Not Use - Ethylene Glycol

- Butyl Cellusolve

- D’Limonene

HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS:

• Must not contain carcinogens, mutagens or teratogens.

• No cleaning product to contain ingredients found on the following lists:

US Department of Health’s “Hazardous Substances Fact Sheet”

SARA – 313 40 CFR 372 (Toxic Chemicals)

CERCLA – 102 40 CFR 302 (Hazardous Substances)

RCRA – CFR 261 D (Hazardous Air Pollutants)

Clean Water Act – 313 40 CFR 63 (Hazardous Water Pollutants)

National Pollutant Release Inventory (Canadian List)


3. TO BE PROVEN MORE ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND LD50’S & LC50’S:

• Compare the LD50’s & LC50’s. The higher the number, the better.

LC50 Measures the acute Poisoning strength of a chemical when it is swallowed or rubbed on the skin. LD stands for the “Lethal Dose”. LD50 is the dose of a chemical (product) at mg/kg on a single occasion, which causes death in 50% of the test group.

LC50 Measures the acute poisoning strength of a chemical when it is breathed in from the air. LC stands for “Lethal Concentration.” LC50 is the amount of a chemical (product) at mg/l concentration in the air, which causes death in 50% of the test group.

NOTE:

OZONE DEPLETING INGREDIENTS:

• Must not contain these

NATURAL RENEWABLE RESOURCES:

• Whenever possible, only naturally-based, renewable ingredients – such as grains, corn oils, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, sugar cane juices, glucoses, and corn & soy based esters replacing petroleum based solvents should be used.

PACKAGING:

• Subject to availability, bottles/jugs/pails should contain post/pre consumer regrind; labels using vegetable inks or printed on plastic, removable sleeves; cartons made from pre/post recycled cardboard.

CONCENTRATES:

• Where possible, concentrates should be used to reduce packaging, transportation and at-use costs.


ENDORCEMENTS:

• Eco-Logo/Environmental Choice (Canada) - www.terrachoice.com

• Green Seal (U.S.A.) - www.greenseal.org

• NOTE: Certifies products, not companies, and provides a list of certified products on their website.


4. TO BE PROVEN MORE SAFER FOR PEOPLE • What are the key criteria to review/consider in order to have safer products for people

(users, occupants and visitors).

PRODUCTS NEED TO BE SAFE FOR:

•

The user

• The workplace environment

Obligation to employees, consumers, patrons and visitors

Limiting liability

Reduce absenteeism caused by illness related to work

Reduce costs related to accidents, workers safety and compensation

Products that are safer for the environment are safer for people.

4. TO BE PROVEN MORE SAFER FOR PEOPLE

HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS:

• No cleaning product to contain ingredients found on the following lists:

US Department of Health’s “Hazardous Substances Fact Sheet”

SARA – 313 40 CFR 372 (Toxic Chemicals)

CERCLA – 102 40 CFR 302 (Hazardous Substances)

RCRA – CFR 261 D (Hazardous Air Pollutants)

Clean Water Act – 313 40 CFR 63 Hazardous Water Pollutants)

National Pollutant Release Inventory Canadian List)

• Must not contain carcinogens, mutagens or teratogens.


TOXICITY:

• Must be considered essentially non-toxic (acute oral/dermal) according to WHIMIS and OSHA.


Oral

LD50

Dermal LD 50

Very Toxic

50 mg/kg

50 U.S.

200 mg/kg

Toxic >50 mg/kg &

500 mg/kg

>50 & 5000 U.S.

>20 mg/kg

&

1000 mg/kg

Harmful >500 mg/kg

&

2000 mg/kg

>1000 mg/kg &

2000 mg/kg

Inhalation

LC50

Gas Vapor Dust, Mist or Fume

Very Toxic 2,500 mg/m3 1,500 mg/m3 0.5 mg/L

Toxic >1,500 mg/m3 &

2,500 mg/m3

>0.5 mg/L

& 2.5 mg/L

Harmful >2,500 mg/m3 &

5,00 mg/m3

>2,500 mg/m3

&

10,000 mg/m3

>2.5 mg/L &

5.0 mg/L


NOTE:: Greater the LD50 & LC50, the less toxic the product


SUBSTANCE OF SPECIAL CONCERN

Item Substance of Concern Concentration Sub-Category

1 Carbon tetrachloride any concentration Very toxic

2 Diethylene glycol 5% or more Harmful

3 Ethyl acetate 5% or more Harmful

4 Ethylene glycol (a) 5% or more but less than 10% Harmful

(b) 10% or moreToxic

5 Hydrocyanic acid or a any concentration Very toxic

hydrocyanate salt

6 Methyl alcohol 1% or more and a total quantity of 5 mL or more Toxic

7 Nitrovenzene 5 mg/kg or more Very toxic

8 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane any concentration Very toxic

9 1,2-dichloroethane (a) 5%or more but less than 10% Harmful

(b) 10% or moreToxic

10 1,1,1-trichloroethane 5% or more Harmful

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

*These substances are of special concern because standard animal tests may not reflect the actual hazard posed by these substances to humans.

NPE’s/APE’s; BLEACH:

• Must not contain these:

IRRIATIONS:

• Not to cause serious skin irritations, respiratory problems, or damage to nasal membranes

NON FLAMMABLE & NON CORROSIVE:

• Must be considered non-flammable and non-corrosive at use dilutions


VOC’s:

• Must meet California standards.

LOW FRAGRANCE LEVELS:

• Should be low fragrance levels subject to ease of use and safety, product performance, price, and the other considerations.

• No scent is not necessarily safer.


FLASH POINT:

• Should be greater than 65°C (150°F).

MSDS’s:

• Should be Full/All Ingredients disclosure. Not the 1% rule.• 16 part format – Not 9

Ecological Information (Biodegradability & Aquatic Toxicity) Environment Regulation Information Individual Ingredients, as well as Total Formula LD50 information


PRODUCT INFORMATION SHEET

5. KEY CRITERIA OF GREEN SEAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHOICE PROGRAMS

• WOW – Unless you have a lot of time and expertise, how can you really be sure what you are using is relatively safe?

• USE – Green Seal and/or Environmental Choice Certified Products, where available. Then you know that someone objectively tested the products and ingredients to a “green” criteria. Where there are no criteria, use the information in the previous sections, as well as the next sections, to compare products.

• “Green” is a moving target. It is a journey not a destination.

December 20, 2002

Dell Tech Laboratories is a regulatory consulting firm that has been providing guidance to manufacturers and users of chemical products for over 22 years, with a focus on regulatory compliance, product safety and government registrations. Our services include product assessments, reviews and classification of products under the Hazardous Product Act, both for consumer and industrial workplace regulations. We are a Canadian General Standards Board certified testing laboratory under the requirements of ISO Guide 25. Our clients include small and medium size manufacturers in Canada and the United States as well as large multinational companies.

With greater environmental concerns in today's world, many different standards and criteria have been developed. Green Seal Inc. and the Environmental Choice Program have issued two of the more popular standards. We have compared the Green Seal Industrial and Institutional Cleaners standard GS-37 to the Environmental Choice Industrial and Commercial Cleaners standard ECP-57 below:

5. KEY CRITERIA OF GREEN SEAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHOICE PROGRAMS

Category Green Seal GS-37 Environmental Choice ECP-57 Comments Scope/Product Categories

General Purpose Cleaner, Bathroom Cleaners (excluding toilet bowl disinfectants, sanitizers) Glass Cleaners (excluding sterilizers, disinfectants, sanitizers

Institutional & Industrial: General Purpose, Degreasers, Bathroom Cleaners, Odour Eliminators, Spot & Stain Removers, Glass Cleaners, Neutral Floor cleaners, Hand Soap, Dish Liquid Soap

EC has more categories.

Product Performance Testing

General Purpose – removes 80% of soil in ASTM D4488-95, A5; Bathroom Cleaners – remove 75% of soil ASTM D5345; Glass Cleaners – a rating of 3 in soil removal, smearing, streaking by CSMA test DCC 09

Effective cleaning as measured by CAN/CGSB-2.11-94 Method 20.3

Similar.

Toxic Compounds Undiluted product not toxic to humans. Toxic if LD50 <2000 mg/kg Inhalation lethal concentration < 20 mg/L. Toxicity measured in whole product

Must not contain > 0.1% of any ingredient that is: acutely toxic substance, toxic and bio ccumulating, acutely toxic and not biodegradable, bioaccumulating and not biodegradable

Green Seal does not address bioaccumulation.

Carcinogens and Reproductive Toxins

Shall contain only ingredients that are not carcinogens or known to cause reproductive toxins as specified by IARC, NTP, OSHA

Shall not contain carcinogens or reproductive toxins as specified by IARC

Similar.

Skin & Eye Irritation Undiluted product shall not be corrosive to skin & eyes. Dispensing system products can be tested as used.

Must not be corrosive to skin. pH > 2.0, < 13.0

Skin Sensitization Undiluted shall not be a skin sensitizer. Disp. system conc. shall be tested as used

Not specified

Category Green Seal Environmental Choice Comments Combustibility Undiluted product shall not

be combustible. Flashpoint > 150°F (65.5°C)

Flashpoint > 61°C EC slightly lower.

Smog/Ozone Production/Indoor Air Quality

Product as used has VOC limits. VOC 1% max for General Purpose, 3% max for Glass Cleaners

VOCs must be < 10% by weight

GS has slightly lower limits.

Toxicity to Aquatic Life Shall not be toxic to aquatic life. LC50 for algae, daphnia, fish <100 mg/L

Non-toxic to aquatic life by sub chronic toxicity tests at minimum use dilution for algae, daphnia and fish

Similar.

Aquatic Biodegradability Each organic readily biodegradable by OECD test

Must be readily biodegradable (OECD) whole formulation or each organic ingredient

Similar testing.

Eutrophication < 0.5% P <2.2% P

Prohibited Ingredients APEO, dibutyl phthalate, heavy metals, ozone depleting compounds

APEO, aromatic solvents, butoxyethanol, chlorinated solvents, < 5% NTA, < 1% EDTA, ozone depleting products

Category GS -37 Environmental Choice Comment Fragrances Must be identified. Not specified Concentration Must be a concentrate. May be a concentrate or RTU Packaging Primary package recyclable or

may be returned and refilled. Not specified

Animal Testing Prefer no animal testing. Not specified Training Operators shall be trained in

proper use of product including: dilution, use, disposal and use of equipment.

WHMIS and OSHA require training

Labels Labels should assist non-English speaking and illiterate personnel. Labels must indicate dilution with cold water, dilution level, use, disposal and protective equipment

Must be identified as not for household use. Detailed use, disposal and recycling directions, must be used temperature 17C below its flashpoint

Both will have to meet workplace-labeling requirements.

In my expert opinion, GS 37 and ECP 57 are very similar with no material overall differences/impact regarding safety or protection for the environment.

John OttDell Tech Laboratories Ltd.Senior Business Development [email protected](519) 858-5021 ext. 22040

PRODUCT CAS NUMBER

WARNING - REASON WHERE COMMONLY FOUND

Acetone 67-64-1 May cause kidney damage and damage to a developing fetus

Mark and scuff removers, spot treatment. Cleaners & nail polish removers

Aluminum Oxide 1344-28-1 Neurotoxin Abrasive cleaners

Ammonia, Aqua ammonia or Hydrated ammonia, Ammonium hydroxide

7664-41-7 1336-21-6

May cause liver damage; ammonia gas may cause edema

Metal polishes and window cleaners

Amyl acetate, Amyl acetic ester or Pentyl ester

628-63-7 May cause kidney damage Metal polishes, gum removers, deodorizers, air fresheners

Alkyl phenol ethoxylate (APE) 9016-45-9 Endocrine disrupter, toxic to aquatic life Hard surface cleaners, wax and floor finish emulsions, laundry detergents

Benzene 71-43-2 Carcinogen, has been shown to cause leukemia Degreasers

Benzyl alcohol, Phenylmethanol 100-51-6 Sensory organ toxicant Air fresheners, carpet spotters

2 – Butoxyethanol, Butyl cellosolve, Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether

111-76-2 May cause liver, kidney, respiratory and reproductive damage

Heavy duty cleaners, degreasers and wax strippers, concrete sealers

Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 Toxic by SARA, NRPI& CERCLA. Air pollutant. Carcinogenic. Teratogen

Solvent cleaners

Chlorine 7782-50-5 Toxic by SARA & NRPI. Air Pollutant Bowl cleaners, bleach

Cocamide diethanolamine (Cocamide DEA)

68603-42-9 Suspected carcinogen (EPA) All purpose and multi purpose cleaners, dishwashing detergents, carpet/upholstery cleaning products, hand cleaners

Cyclohexanol 108-93-0 Reproductive, liver, kidney, blood and neuro toxicant Glass and surface cleaners, carpet/upholstery cleaning products

d-Limonene, 1-Methylcyclohexene 4-Isopropenyl

5989-27-5 Suspected sensitizer, may also cause liver damage in animals

All purpose cleaners and solvents

Dibutyl phthalate 84-74-2 Endocrine disrupter, may cause kidney and fetal damage; a skin irritant

Hard surface cleaners, floor finishes, latex paints

1,2 Dichlorbenzene 95-50-5 Toxic by SARA, NRPI & CERCLA Deodorant blocks

Diethanolamine (DEA) 111-42-2 Skin and respiratory toxicant Hard surface cleaners, floor finish strippers, carpet/upholstery cleaning products dishwasher detergents

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 112-34-5 Neuro-toxicant that affects central nervous system Deodorizers, floor care cleaning products, floor finishes and carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Ethylene glycol 107-21-1 If swallowed in large amounts may cause death Concrete sealer, floor finishes, cleaners

Formaldehyde, Formalin, Methylene oxide, Methyl aldehyde

50-00-0 Carcinogen; eye and skin irritant Toilet bowl cleaners, urinal blocks, portable toilet fluid, plywood glue, floor finishes

Freon, Trichlorfluoro methane 75-69-4 May cause heart irregularities, unconsciousness and death

Carpet spotters. carpet protectors

Glutaraldehyde 111-30-8 Mutagen, may cause respiratory sensitivity Toilet bowl cleaners, concrete cleaners

Hexylene glycol 107-41-5 May be toxic to developing fetus; may cause loss of consciousness

Cleaners and carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Hydrochloric acid 7647-01-0 If splashed, causes severe burns to skin and eyes Toilet bowl cleaners, concrete cleaners

6. COMMONLY USED HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

PRODUCT CAS NUMBER WARNING – REASON WHERE COMMONLY FOUND

1-2 propanol (dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether)

29911-28-2 Neurotoxicant Floor finishes

Hydrofluorosilicic acid, Fluorosilicic acid 16961-83-4 Highly corrosive, causes burns to skin and eyes if splashed; may cause damage to respiratory system

Laundry sours, aluminium truck washes

Hydrogen peroxide 7722-84-1 Severe skin and eye irritant, strong oxidizer Cleaners and disinfectants

Isopropyl Alcohol 67-63-0 Toxic by SARA & NRPI. Carcinogenic Glass Cleaners, Carpet Extraction, Cleaners

Methanol 67-56-1 Toxic by SARA, NRPI & CERCLA. Air pollutant Cleaners

Methylene chloride, Dichloromethane, Methane dichloride

75-09-2 Carcinogen. May also cause liver, kidney and reproductive damage Inhalation may cause brain damage.

Paint strippers, graffiti removers and stain removers

Methyl ethyl ketone, 2-Butanone, Monophenyl Ether

78-93-3 Highly toxic to the liver, kidney, skin, gastrointestinal and central nervous system. May cause damage to the developing fetus.

Strippers, degreasers, solvent cleaners

Monoethanolamine 141-43-5 Neurotoxicant; respiratory toxicant; skin or sense organ toxicant

Cleaners

Morpholine 110-91-8 Highly corrosive, burns eyes, skin and can cause blindness. May cause liver, kidney, lung and bronchi damage.

Cleaning products, floor finishes, furniture polishes

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) 872-50-4 Reproductive and developmental toxicant; may also cause damage to the liver and kidneys; blood toxicant

Floor finish strippers, and polyurethane floor finishes; carpet cleaners; general purpose cleaners

Naphthalene 91-20-3 Carcinogen (Prop. 65); extremely toxic, may cause blood, kidney, liver, and gastrointestinal damage

Mothballs, pest repellents, urinal blocks

Nonyl phenol ethoxylate, Nonoxynol 4,6,7,9,10 (NPE), Ethoxylated nonyl phenol, Octyl phenol ethoxylates (OPE)

9016-45-9 Endocrine disrupter, toxic to aquatic life Neutral cleaners, strippers, paste cleaners, laundry products and hard surface cleaners, oven cleaners, degreasers

Paradichlorobenzene, p-Dichlorobenzene 1,4 Dichlorobenzene

106-46-7 Carcinogen, may also cause liver and kidney damage Washroom deodorizers, urinal blocks

Perchloroethylene Perk 127-18-4 Carcinogen linked to liver cancer. Inhalation of fumes can cause dizziness, loss of consciousness, nervous system damage and death

Dry cleaning fluid, carpet spotters, stainless steel cleaners, bonnet pad cleaners, crystal cleaning fluid

Phenol 108-95-2 Toxic by SARA, NRPI & CERCLA. Air pollutant. Teratogen

Degreasers, cleaners & bowl cleaners

Phenoxyethanol, Glycol mono phenyl ether 122-99-6 May impair fertility, suspected development toxicant Hand cleaners and hand soaps

Phosphoric acid 7664-38-2 Extremely corrosive, burns eyes and skin on contact. May cause damage to the central nervous system and respiratory tract

Dishwasher detergents, metal cleaners, toilet bowl cleaners, descaling agents

Potassium hydroxide 1310-58-3 Skin or sense organ toxicant Degreasers, oven cleaners

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 107-98-2 Reproductive toxin. May also cause damage to the liver, kidneys and central nervous system

Floor polishes, hard surface and carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Silica (crystalline), Silicon dioxide 14808-60-7 Carcinogen; respirable dust can cause acute pulmonary fibrosis (silicosis)

Cream cleansers, powder cleansers, abrasive cleansers

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 25155-30-0 Gastrointestinal or liver toxicant. Neurotoxicant Cleaners

Sodium carbonate 497-19-8 Gastrointestinal or liver toxicant. Respiratory toxicant Cleaners, sanitizers

PRODUCT CAS

NUMBER WARNING – REASON WHERE COMMONLY FOUND

Sodium lauryl sulfate 151-21-3 Gastrointestinal or liver toxicant Handsoap, abrasive cleaners

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate, Dichloroisocyanuric acid sodium salt, Stabilized chlorine bleach

2893-78-9 May cause liver and gastrointestinal damage, and damage to the central nervous system. May also cause acute pulmonary edema

Industrial detergents, swimming pool chlorine, laundry bleach, toilet bowl blocks, dishwashing detergents

Sodium hypochlorite, Hypochlorous acid, Clorox bleach liquor

7681-51-9 Liver, skin, cardiovascular and neurotoxin. High exposure can lead to vomiting and coma. Highly toxic to shellfish and other aquatic and marine life

Bleach

Sulfuric acid 7664-93-9 Causes damage to respiratory system, eyes, skin, teeth and lungs. Fatal if swallowed. Pulmonary edema

Toilet bowl cleaner. Toilet pipe block clearing product

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4 Carcinogen, affects central nervous system, liver and kidneys

Furniture polish, hard surface cleaners, carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Toluene 108-88-3 May cause liver, kidney and brain damage and damage to the developing fetus. High exposures can lead to death

Graffiti removers

1,1,1 Trichloroethane, Methyl chloroform 71-55-6 May cause damage to kidneys and central nervous system and depression of respiratory system. It also depletes the ozone layer

Stainless steel cleaners, carpet/upholstery cleaning products, degreasers

Trichloroethylene 79-01-6 Carcinogen, may cause liver, kidney and respiratory damage. High exposures can lead to irregular heartbeat and heart damage

Spot cleaners, degreasers

Triethanolamine (TEA) 111-42-2 May cause damage to liver and kidneys. Eye, skin & respiratory irritant

Hard surface cleaners and carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Triethylamine, diethylaminoethane 121-44-8 May cause damage to liver, kidneys and respiratory tract. Ingestion may cause lung, heart and liver damage

Disinfectants

Trisodium nitrilotriacetate 18662-53-8 5064-31-3

Carcinogen, may cause damage to kidneys and liver. Impedes elimination of metals in wastewater treatment

Floor finish strippers, dishwashing detergents, carpet treatments, non phosphated laundry detergents, water softeners

Turpentine 8006-64-2 May cause liver, kidney, bladder, central nervous and respiratory system damage

Solvent in some paints and waxes

Xylene 1330-20-7 May cause liver, kidney and fetal damage. High exposures could cause loss of memory, loss of consciousness and death

Floor finishes, paint removers, laundry spot, removers, ironing aids, lubricants

LIMITED USE PRODUCT

CAS NUMBER

WARNING - REASON FOR LIMITED USE

LIMITED USE (At use dilution)

WHERE COMMONLY FOUND

Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, Methyl carbitol, Methoxyethoxy ethanol

111-77-3 May cause fetal damage. Damage to liver & kidneys or impair fertility in humans.

5% allowable as film forming agent in floor finishes

Detergents and solvents, deodorizers. Floor care cleaning products, floor finishes and carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, Ethyl carbitol

111-90-0 May cause damage to liver, kidneys and central nervous system

5% allowable as film forming agent in floor finishes

Detergents and solvents, deodorizers, floor care cleaning products, floor finishes and carpet/upholstery cleaning products

Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA)

64-02-8 Does not meet biodegradability standard.

Limited to 1% by volume Cleaners, carpet/upholstery cleaning products, Water treatment agents

Monoethanolamine (MEA) 141-43-5 May cause liver, kidney, reproductive, and central nervous system damage. In high concentrations may cause dizziness leading to coma.

5% allowable in a floor finish stripper. "Product label must have a warning of "NOT to be used by someone who is pregnant."

Oven cleaners, tub and tile cleaners, laundry pre-soaks, floor finish strippers, carpet/upholstery cleaning products

LIMITED USE SUBSTANCES:

HEALTH WARNING CATEGORY AND CHEMICAL:CATEGORY CHEMICAL CAS NUMBER

Carcinogen Benzene 71-43-2

Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5

Cocamide diethanolamine 68603-42-9

Isopropyl Alcohol 67-63-0

Methylene chloride 75-09-2

Formaldehyde 37%, Formalin, Methylene oxide, Methyl aldehyde 50-00-0

Napthalene 91-20-3

Paradichlorobenzene, p-Dichlorobenzene, 1,4 Dichlorobenzene 106-46-7

Perchloroethylene, Perk 127-18-4

Silica (crystalline), Silicon dioxide 14808-60-7

Trisodium nitrilotriacetate 18662-53-8

Trisodium nitrilotriacetate 5064-31-3

Tetrachlorethylene 127-18-4

Trichloroethylene 79-01-6

Endocrine Disrupter Dibutyl phthalate 84-74-2

APE, NPE, OPE 9016-45-9

Reproductive and Fetal Damage Acetone 67-64-1

2 – Butoxyethanol, Butyl cellosolve, Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether AC-1650, 15548

111-76-2

Cyclohexanol 108-93-0

Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, Methyl carbitol 111-77-3

Methylene chloride, Dichloromethane, Methane dichloride 75-09-2

Methyl ethyl ketone, 2-Butanone 78-93-3

Monoethanolamine 141-43-5

N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone 872-50-4

Phenoxyethanol, Glycol monophenyl ether 122-99-6

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 107-98-2

Toluene 108-88-3

Xylene 1330-20-7

Neurotoxicant/Nervous System Cyclohexanol 108-93-0

D-Limonene, 1-Methylcyclohexene 4-Isopropenyl

5989-27-5

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 112-34-5

Methyl ethyl ketone, 2-Butanone 78-93-3

Monoethanolamine 141-43-5

Perchloroethylene, Perk 127-18-4

Phosphoric Acid 7664-38-2

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate Dichloro isocyanuric acid sodium salt Stabilized Chlorine Bleach

2893-78-9

Sodium Hypochlorite, Hypochlorous acid,

Clorox bleach liquor

7681-51-9

Tetrachloroethylene 127-18-4

1,1,1 Trichloroethane, Methyl chloroform 71-55-6

Chemical NameCAS

Number

Sara 313 Toxic

Chemicals

NRPI Toxic

Chemicals

CERCLA Hazardous Substances

Clean Air Act-Air Pollutants

Carcinogenic Teratogen Products Used In

Ammonia 7664-41-7 * * * Cleaners, StrippersChlorine 7782-50-5 * * * Bowl Cleaners/Bleach1, 2 Dichlorobenzene 95-50-5 * * * Deodorant BlocksDiethanolamine 111-42-2 * * Cleaners, StrippersEthylene Glycol

107-21-1 * * * *Pre Spotters, Floor Polish, Cleaners

Formaldehyde 50-0-0 * * * * * * Floor Polish, PreservativeHydrochloric Acid

7647-01-0 * * * Bowl Cleaners, De-Limers

Isoproply Alcohol67-63-0 * * *

Glass Cleaners, Carpet Extraction, Cleaners

Methanol 67-56-1 * * * * CleanersMethyl Ethyl Ketone 78-93-3 * * * Solvent CleaningPhenol

108-95-2 * * * * *Degreasers, Cleaners, Bowl Cleaners

Phosphoric Acid 7664-38-2 * * * * Bowl Cleaners, DerustingSulfuric Acid 7664-93-9 * * Drain OpenerToluene 108-88-3 * * * * * * Solvent CleaningDibutyl Phthlate 84-74-2 * * * * * * Floor PolishButyl Cellasolve (Glycol Ether)

111-76-2 * * * Cleaners

Carbon Tetrachloride 56-23-5 * * * * * * Solvent Cleaners

Environmental & Health Effects of Common Toxic/Hazardous Chemicals

Sources: NPRI – NPRI List

The Green Encyclopedia – Irene Frank & David Brownstone

CERCLA – Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act – Release of hazardous substances in spills and fro inactive or abandoned disposal sites

SARA 313 – Toxic Chemicals

• The aforementioned are hazardous; therefore, must be limited subject to product performance, overall human safety and environmental soundness.

• The preceding lists are not intended to be complete, but rather to demonstrate. A good resource for the impact of cleaning products is: www.scorecard.org/chemical-profiles/ - Enter the CAS number and a report will be given.

• You should try to eliminate or at least reduce these chemicals. Where not possible, select products with the least amount of the ingredients by percentage at the product use dilution rate.

6. COMMONLY USED HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

OBJECTIVE:

Provide guidelines to bidders to promote compliance with industry standards with respect to the following four areas:

1. Product Performance

2. Occupational Health and Safety

3. Environmental Stewardship

4. Employee Training and Support

7. CLEANING TENDERS/BIDS-PRODUCTS GUIDELINES


WHY:

• The main reason for going green is for the health of yourself, your staff, the people who work in your buildings and the visitors to your facilities. In addition, you should go green for your environment – air, water, and land.

• It is a fact: traditional cleaning, floor care, carpet care, washroom car and odour control products are hazardous to people and the environment. While the degree of hazard varies, the fact of the matter is the by going green, you can very quickly, easily and profoundly make a difference without impacting performance as well as labour and product cost.


HOW:

• The key is to understand what green is; what are the variables, considerations, and criteria of green; and how to know a product is green given all the misinformation and “spin” being disseminated by many manufacturers, both large and small.

• Going green should not be a destination, but rather a journey. The key is to start. Do not procrastinate. Start with one product or one area of cleaning and make a change. Your efforts will be rewarded. The choices are yours. Do you want safer cleaning products? Do you want to just “talk the walk” or do you want to be a positive catalyst and “walk the walk”.

• Demonstrate your commitment to helping create a greener, cleaner and safer future. Make a difference today that will affect tomorrow. Choose to be green and clean.

A SOUND PRINCIPLE:

• The precautionary principle requires authorities to take preventive action when there is a risk of severe and irreversible damage.

• Action is required, even in the absence of certainty about possible ensuing damage and without waiting for full scientific proof of the cause-effect relationship.

• When disagreement exists about the need to take action, the burden of proof must be reversed and placed on those who contend the activity will not have an impact.


Source – The National Round Table on the Enviroment and the Economy: Sustainable Strategies for Oceans. 1998.

FACTORS:

• Every decision you make for your facility very likely takes into account three important factors:

1. Price

2. Performance

3. Protection


FACTORS:

• Price – Because you have been carefully chosen to be entrusted with a portion of your facility’s budget and you take this responsibility seriously;

• Performance – Because you know that the Price is only a value as long as the product or service delivers the promised benefits to your facility;

• Protection – Because the well-being of both your cleaning staff and your occupants count on your consideration of their safety.


WEIGHED IN THE BALANCE:

• If Price & Performance were the only factors, your facility would be using only highly aggressive, economical but dangerous chemicals like bleach, ammonia and muriatic acid.

• If any other combination of any tow factors were considered alone then you know you would not be acting in the best interest of your facility.

No, you need all three and people depend on you to deliver.


PRODUCT PERFORMANCE GUIDELINES:

• Products to perform as well or better then their traditional counterparts as determined by use and testing by the end user.

• Disinfectants are to have EPA and as/if required, Government of Canada, Health Canada approval.

• Floor finishes are to have Underwriters Laboratories (UL) approval or verified by third party to meet or exceed American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Slip Coefficient standard of 0.55.

• Carpet cleaning products are to pass the Dupont Stainmaster Test.

• Characteristics of necessary anti-static floor finishes are to have been confirmed by a laboratory approved by a Government Agency or equivalent.


OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY:

• Product claims and effects are to have been confirmed by a recognized laboratory approved by an agency of the Government or equivalent.

• Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHIMIS) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are to be in the sixteen (16) part format and fully list ALL ingredients contained in the products (not the less than 1% rule).

• Cleaning products are to contain no known or suspected carcinogens, mutagens, teratogens, NPE or any ingredient found on the following lists of hazardous products:

SARA 313

CERCLA

USA Clean Water, Section 112

NRPI


OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY:

• Products are to be acute non-toxic per WHIMIS/OSHA standards as tested by a recognized laboratory approved by an agency of the Government or equivalent.

• Product are not to cause serious irritation, respiratory problems or damage to nasal membranes (as presented in Section 3 of MSDS).

• Products at-use dilutions are to be non-flammable and non-corrosive.

• Where criteria exist, products are to be Green Seal and/or Environmental Choice Certified.


ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP:

• Product claims and effects are to have been confirmed by a recognized laboratory approved by an agency of the Government or equivalent.

• Cleaning products are not to contain Nonyl Phenol Ethoxylate (NPE) Alky Phenol Ethoxylate (APE), or any ingredient found on the following lists of hazardous products:

SARA 313

CERCLA

USA Clean Water Act, Section 112

NRPI

• Where criteria exist, products area to be Green Seal and/or Environmental Choice Certified.


PRODUCT SUPPLIER TRAINING AND SUPPORT :

The product supplier must have a demonstrated capacity to provide the

following:

Dilution control systems

WHMIS training and support materials (such as wall-mounted information charts)

Written best practice procedures

Ability to train your staff in procedures

Trouble-shooting services


8. Q’s & A’s

Thank You For Your Time And Consideration!

Please Be Sure To Visit Our Web Site’s “Resource Center” for “Green” “Presentations & Reports” well as “Other Helpful Sites”!

Implementing Use Of Cleaning Chemicals … Safer For People And The Environment

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