Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007
-
Upload
lillian-lancaster -
Category
Documents
-
view
29 -
download
0
description
Transcript of Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007
![Page 1: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Implementation of the Landfill Directive
RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007
Christof DelatterAssociation of Flemish Cities and Municipalities
(Vereniging van Vlaamse Steden en Gemeenten – VVSG)www.vvsg.be
Tel. +32 2 211.55.99E-mail: [email protected]
![Page 2: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
This Presentation
• Lessons learned from Europe• Landfilling in Flanders• Diverting biological waste from landfills• Dealing with the past
![Page 4: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Lessons learned from Europe (1)
• November 2005: interesting survey by SLR Consulting: Delivering Key Waste Management Infrastructure: Lessons Learned from Europe– Examination of the different approaches used to
facilitate the development of waste management infrastructure in ten selected EU Member States: Ireland, the UK, the Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France, Spain, Austria, Italy
![Page 5: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Lessons learned from Europe (2)
• The Netherlands, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria:– Have met targets of diversion of biodegradable
waste– Strong waste management infrastructure
(incineration or MBT)• Ireland, the UK, France, Spain, Italy: still strong
reliance on landfilling• Both groups of countries have specific
characteristics !
![Page 6: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Lessons learned from Europe (3)
• “good results countries” have:– Regime of certainty: strong planning, landfill bans, strict
regulation, municipal (co-)ownership reducing financial risks;– Partnership between government levels: transparant
responsibilities, thorough consultation, local implementation;– Public trust: separate local waste taxes (transparency), strict
adherence to EU requirements;– Integrated approach across waste streams: integration of
household and industrial waste leads to cost reductions.
![Page 7: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Lessons learned from Europe (4)
• “bad results countries” have:– Lack of certainty which creates difficulties in securing key
waste management infrastructure;– Poor strategic planning capability with little cooperation
between tiers of government;– Weak local accountability and ownership of waste related
issues so that issues are repeatedly deferred;– Politically inconsistent messages and fiscal incentives which
contradict the promotion of the waste hierarchy.
![Page 8: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lessons learned from Europe (5)
• To create waste management infrastructure you need stability through:– Strong planning– Local involvement and implementation– Clear responsibilities and cooperation between
government levels– Juridical and financial instruments– Transparency and clear communication to the public
![Page 9: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
History of landfilling in Flanders (1)
• 1950’s: almost every municipality had its own dumpsite (hardly any legislation)
• 1965: establishment of first intermunicipal cooperations• Specific situation for Flanders:
– Population: just over 6 million; population density: ± 440 inh./km²
– Intense pressures from human activities: densely populated, dense transportation network, industry, intensive cattle breeding (millions of porcs, chickens, cows) and crop cultivation
– High quantities of waste ↔ pressure on land use • 1975: building of first waste incinerators
![Page 10: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
History of landfilling in Flanders (2)
Waste incinerators
Operational compliant landfills cat. 2
Closed landfills
![Page 11: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
History of landfilling in Flanders (3)Waste evolution
0,00
100,00
200,00
300,00
400,00
500,00
600,00
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Year
kg/i
nh
/yea
r Total household waste
Selective collected waste
Incinerated
Landfilled
![Page 12: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
History of landfilling in Flanders (4)
• Number of landfills:
Year 1985 2004
Cat.1 11 5
Cat. 2 34 8
Cat. 3 73 11
![Page 13: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
History of landfilling in Flanders (5)
• Shift of legal responsibility in delivering of permits over the years– Seventies: permitting system based on safety and health
regulations: controlled by Health Inspection– 1981: permitting system based on waste legislation:
controlled by Waste administration– 1995: permitting system based on IPPC: controlled by
Environmental Inspection Agency→ loss of information about old closed landfill sites!
![Page 14: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (1)
• 50 % of household waste = food/kitchen & garden waste !
• Options:– Prevention of organic waste– Separate collection for composting – More incineration of waste– Pretreatment before landfilling (MBT)
![Page 15: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (2)
• Flemish mix of instruments to reduce BMW and to divert it from landfill– Taxes on landfilling and incineration – Ban on landfilling of certain separately collected
waste streams and combustible waste– Ban on incineration of certain separately collected
waste streams– Biological Waste Management Plan: prevention,
home composting and separate collection for composting of organic waste
![Page 16: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (3)
• Taxes on landfilling and incineration
Year 2002 (euro/tonne)
2007 (euro/tonne)
Illegal landfilling 117,21 150
Landfilling combustible waste
58,61 75
Incineration household waste
6,45 7
![Page 17: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (4)
• Prevention of organic waste
Compostbins and boxes Wormery
![Page 18: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (5)
• Prevention of organic waste: “chicken projects”– Municipality
• distributes free chickens (3/family)• works out trade discount system with local pet shops
– Often request to register the amounts of organic waste fed to the chickens
– Also in schools, institutions, retirement homes: strong social and educational impact
– Strict rules to follow ! (animal by-products, animal welfare…)
![Page 19: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (6)
• Prevention of organic waste: “waste-free garden”– Mostly communication and demonstration of good practices– Concept of a garden
• in which all the organic waste from the garden can be processed in the garden itself
• use of indigenous plants who produce less waste• alternative management: e.g. hayfields
• Prevention of organic waste: masters in composting– Volunteers, supported by municipality or intermunicipal organization– Convince other citizens– Demonstration of techniques for home-composting
![Page 20: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (7)
• Citizen paying the municipalities for waste collection:– In the past: all costs financed from either the general
budget of from a fixed waste tax– now combined with “Pay As You Throw”
• Chipped bins• Obligatory household waste bags
– Home composting bins are distributed for free or at very low cost
– Financial incentive for prevention and separate collection of organic waste!
![Page 21: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (8)
• Separate collection of organic waste in Flanders:– Flanders divided in two types of municipalities: “green”
and “kitchen-waste”-regions– “green”:
• Intensive campaigns for home composting• Collection of garden waste on civic amenity sites• Some well planned doorstep collections of garden waste
– “kitchen-waste”-regions• Also promotion of home composting• Doorstep collection (at least every two weeks) of all organic
waste• Combined with acceptance of garden waste on civic amenity
sites
![Page 22: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Diverting biological waste from landfills (9)
• Kitchen waste:– Aerobic composting: compost– Anaerobic digestion: compost and renewable
energy– Future: more combination of technologies?
• Garden waste: – Windrow composting into high quality compost– Both woody and fine fraction is needed for composting– Recently: woody fraction is ‘interesting’ for energy
production
![Page 23: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Dealing with the past
• Illegal dumpsites...• Legal landfills where after-care period has
passed→ Soil remediation decree: – Municipal inventory of sites with risk of pollution– Transfer of these sites requires examination of soil
quality– Can lead to soil remediating project
![Page 24: Implementation of the Landfill Directive RTP 25771, Łódź (Poland), 14.12.2007](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56812ff3550346895d95694c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
You are welcome !!!
• In Flanders– Visit plants, projects,…– Share data on policy and on practical implementation
methods– Long-term relationship and help in setting up a local
or intermunicipal waste management policy• Contact: Christof Delatter
[email protected] – www.vvsg.be