IMPLEMENTATION OF SCADA SYSTEM IN MUNICIPAL CORPORATION

Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition

A Reality Check Cities represent 2% of the world’s surface area and hold more

than 50% of its population

Distribution losses(NRW/UFW) are estimated at 34% in Indian cities (average)

90% of wastewater in developing countries is discharged into rivers and water bodies without treatment.

India ranked 120thamong 122 countries in terms of quality of water available to its citizens(2010)

38 million Indians suffer from water borne diseases –resulting in 780,000 deaths annually

Availability Of Water In Cities

Utilizable water, demand, and available waterSource World bank report on Water in India

Introduction Municipal Corporation in India are facing with aging

infrastructure and negative operating budgets, serious water leakages, which resulted in spending lakhs of rupees for the water going waste

Implementation of appropriate measures receiving the full attention of the water industry, It has been exploring how technology can contribute to these efforts.

Technology for such a system is nothing new.  Many of them are in operation, today, throughout the water industry. One of them is SCADA system.

SCADA SYSTEM "SCADA" stands for “Supervisory Control and Data

Acquisition” It is the principal automated and integrated tool for State Public Works Departments and Municipal Corporations in India to implement remote monitoring for effective controlA SCADA system performs four functions:

Data acquisition Networked data communication Data presentation Control

OBJECTIVESMajor objectives of implementing SCADA System in Municipal Corporation

To obtain real time hydraulic data at central location

Centralized data analysis

Nodal water supply analysis through trunk main metering

Identifying root causes to non compliance to equitable distribution

SCADA Communication Network

These functions are performed by four kinds of SCADA components:

Sensors It is directly interface with the managed system

Remote telemetry units (RTUs)These are small computerized units deployed in the field at specific sites and locations. RTUs serve as local collection points for gathering reports from sensors and delivering commands to control relays

SCADA master unitsThese are larger computer consoles that serve as the central processor for the SCADA system. Master units provide a human interface to the system and automatically regulate the managed system in response to sensor inputs

The communications network It connects the SCADA master unit to the RTUs in the field

SCADA SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SCADA SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SCADA System Architecture

Functions of SCADA System

Data Acquisition

Sensor measures water flowing into a reservoir (input), valve pressure as water is released from the reservoir (output)

Functions of SCADA SystemNetworked Data Communication

Functions of SCADA SystemData Presentation

SCADA systems report to human operators over a master station, HMI (Human-Machine Interface) or HCI (Human-Computer Interface).

SCADA master station has several different functions: continuously monitors all sensors and alerts the operator when there is an “alarm”

presents a comprehensive view of the entire managed system,

presents more detail in response to user requests

performs data processing on information gathered from sensors

maintains report logs and summarizes historical trends.

Functions of SCADA SystemControls

Features Of SCADA System

Features Of SCADA System

To capture real time hydraulic data and the level of ESRs/GSRs, various instruments such as Ultrasonic multipath flow meters, Electromagnetic flow meters, Ultrasonic level transmitters, Pressure transmitters, etc. are installed for

Capturing accurate velocity measurement through multiple velocity scanning through pipe cross section

Online installation by hot tapping method, no need to water shut down

In built data logger to store the data locally for 5 years

Wireless data transmission of flow records on GSM/GPRS to Central control room

IMPLEMENTING SECURITY MEASURES

IMPLEMENTING SITE SECURITY MEASURES

A pump station is an example of a vulnerable area in which an RTU is normally present.  Functions of the RTU are generally limited to pump control, using input from flow or level sensors.

The figure below shows such an installation augmented with a highly informative surveillance system that is resistant to concerted attempts to overcome security. 

 

Secure SCADA System

SCADA systems very commonly employ measures such as back-up power systems, redundancy, distributed workstations, password security and remote paging.

Redundancy is a common technique, especially for plant LAN's. Two, live networks are used.  If one is damaged, communication continues on the other.

SCADA at Water Treatment Plant

Changes after implementation of SCADA At Water Treatment Plan

Continuous Monitoring Of water Quality parameters like Chlorine, PH & turbidity made available. Data generated & Supervisory control via alarm programming is done to maintain quality of water

Installed &commissioned Accurate Multipath Flow meters to work satisfactory at Limited straight run pipe conditions. Rate of Flow monitoring which is real derivative to acknowledge clogged bed condition is utilized to generate automatic BED WASH ALARM.

Changes after implementation of SCADA system at Elevated Storage Reservoir (ESR)/ Ground Storage Reservoir (GSR)

Continuous Monitoring Of water Quality parameters like Chlorine, Data generated & Supervisory control via alarm programming is done to maintain quality of water.

Continuous Monitoring of ESR Level made possible by installing ultrasonic level transmitters, Data generated & Supervisory control via alarm programming is done to maintain quality of water

MIS reports generated through the SCADA system

SCADA system enables to generate MIS data for zone wise water distribution for analysis and also helps further to provide equitable water distribution to zones.

MIS reports generated daily and monthly basis which is shared with Executive Engineer water supply on regular basis.

It was learnt that the billing for more than seventy thousand consumers are being done effectively and timely due to Automatic Meter Reading (AMR)

Conclusion

Since SCADA systems exist in most water operations, they allow water companies to leverage existing infrastructure and available resources. The SCADA system is typically distributed throughout the entire operation.  It should be central to a water company's security and, at the same time, can provide the added benefit of more efficient operation.

Practices typical in SCADA provide security for the system, itself: ·        Backup power systems·        Redundant networks·        Distributed operator workstations·        Alarm system alerts operators to failures of SCADA components·        Typically private networks that are not accessible to the outside world·        Password security·        Dialup and paging Furthermore, the value of the SCADA system can be enhanced if it incorporates advanced capabilities, such as modelling and simulation.