Imperialism and africa edmodo
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Transcript of Imperialism and africa edmodo
Imperialism and Africa
• Imperialism is the extension of political, economic, or social control by industrialized nations on other weaker nations, regions, and territories. (A stronger nation tries to dominate a weaker nation through economic, political and social means).
Imperialism and Africa
Africa Before Imperialism• 100s of ethnic groups
• Christianity and Muslim• 1000s of languages
• Europe is kept out
• African armies kept Europe out for 400 years
• Travel nearly impossible - rivers• IR and natural resources are the
sparks needed for domination
Motives Driving Imperialism
We are Better Than You • Racism
• One race is superior to another
• Social Darwinism• The “fittest” and strong survive to enjoy the
wealth, success, and superiority• This “gives” Europe the right to bring progress• Social Darwinism is what it sounds like. The
Euros thought that since they were the most technologically and administratively advanced people they encountered anywhere on the globe and that they were capable of conquering others, they were necessarily fitter than all others and were superior to them
Motives Driving Imperialism
Need Our Goods• Raw Materials for fancy new factories• To force European goods onto Africa• To expand European power• To “civilize” the savage
Forces Allowing Imperialism
European Motives• Nationalism – “we are here, not you”• Econ competition – profit• European racism• Missionaries• Military and Naval – more control
External Forces• Maxim gun – 1st auto machine gun• Railroads, steamships, cable (communication)
Internal Forces Different cultures/language – no unity Europe learned to play each culture
against each other
Berlin Conference
Preventing War• Competition was fierce for Africa• Berlin Conference
Berlin Conference 1884• No one wanted war so …. • Gave “rules” on how to divide Africa
LOL No African nation was rep in meeting
Colonial Control FormsForms of Imperialism Explanation
Colony
Protectorate
Sphere of Influence
Economic Imperialism
A country is governed by a foreign power
A country has its own government but is controlled by an outside power
An country where outside powers claim exclusive rights to trade and economics (no one else can trade with.)
A country that is independent but undeveloped and controlled by business not another govt.
How to Manage Those ColoniesIndirect Control Direct Control
Local rulers used to help govern
Some self rule
Goal is to develop future “loyal” local rulers
European style with local rules
Foreign rulers used to govern
No self rule
Goal is to assimilate entire culture
Based solely on European styles
Example: US Pacific Islands
Example: French Vietnam
Impact of Colonial Rule of Africa
The Negative• Lost land and independence• War• Famine • Loss of culture
Impact of Colonial Rule of Africa
The Positive• Reduced local tribal wars• Humanitarian efforts
• Hospitals • Schools
• Economy/Industry• Railroads• Dams• Communication
• By 1914, Africa had been split up :
• Note that Ethopia and Liberia remained uncolonized.
• Liberia was a settlement by freed American slaves.
• Ethiopia successfully fought off Italian colonizers.