Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan...

19
Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010

Transcript of Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan...

Page 1: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control

Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control

Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra AllanUSDA-ARS-CMAVETriservices Meeting

Feburary 2010

Page 2: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Insecticide contact

Page 3: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Pyrethroids

Page 4: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

If not dead, then what?

Page 5: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Mosquito species

Page 6: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Behavioral assays

Entrance

Air+CO2

*Capillary release attractant*CO2 release 50ml/min

Attractant

*Infrared light was used illuminate nocturnally active mosquitoes.

*Treatment level lethal dose25

Page 7: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Flight path analysis

Untreated Cx. quinquefasciatus

Deltamethrin treated Cx. quinquefasciatus

Page 8: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Flight path analysis

Untreated An. albimanus

Permethrin treated An. albimanus

Page 9: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Flight path analysis

Treated Ae. aegypti

Untreated Ae. aegypti

Page 10: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Average flight velocity

*

*Velocity

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegpyti

Me

an

ve

loc

ity

(c

m/s

)

Contol Deltamethrin Permethrin

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti

Seco

nd

s

Control Deltamethrin Permethrin

Page 11: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Time in flight

01

23

45

67

8

Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti

Se

co

nd

s

Control Deltamethrin Permethrin

* *

Page 12: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Heading

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

De

gre

es

Control Detamethrin Permethrin

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti

Seco

nd

s

Control Deltamethrin Permethrin

*

*

Page 13: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

Cx quinquefaciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti

% B

lood

Fed

Control Permethrin Deltamethrin

Blood feeding

*

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Cx quinquefasciatus An albimanus Ae aegypti

Seco

nd

s

Control Deltamethrin Permethrin

Page 14: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Implications

The sublethal affects of

pyrethroids on a mosquito’s

ability to detect and locate

hosts may increase the

efficacy of aerial and

residual spraying treatments

beyond their immediate

killing impact.

Page 15: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Personal protective measures

Band

Sleeve

Phlebotomuspapatasi

Page 16: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Treatment Hand Band SleeveBite

protection

Untreated 20 (29%) 11 (16%) 37 (54%) ---

Sleeve (permethrin) 43 (26%) 40 (24%) 84 (50%) -28.5%

Sleeve (permethrin) + Band (TL-I-73) 129 (27%) 86 (18%) 269 (56%) 16.9%

Band (TL-I-73) 39 (49%) 12 (15%) 28 (35%) 21.8%

Sleeve (permethrin) + Band (UB-21)

27 (40%) 12 (18%) 28 (41%) 94.1%

Number of landings per 20 minutes

Landing site

Page 17: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Band

Sleeve

Page 18: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Implications

Sand flies predominantly

land on the sleeve before

moving towards the

exposed skin; therefore a

lethal insecticidal barrier

at the uniform-skin

interface will reduce

disease transmission.

Page 19: Impact of Sub-Lethal Exposure to Insecticides on Vector Control Lee Cohnstaedt and Sandra Allan USDA-ARS-CMAVE Triservices Meeting Feburary 2010 Lee Cohnstaedt.

Acknowledgments• Uli Bernier• Matt Aubuchon

• Adrian Duehl• Erin Vrzal • Nathan Newlon