Impact of REACh, ITAR and other regulations on Energetic ... · REACh since . 2016. Replacement....

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Impact of REACh, ITAR and otherregulations on Energetic Materials

Sustainability

G . E C K , M . E L OT H M A N I , J . P E R O U E L , D . D R U, B . N O U G U E Z

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• Introduction

• Impact of REACh regulation

• Impact of ITAR / EAR regulation

• Conclusion

2018 IM & EM Technology symposium, April 23-26, 2018, Portland, OR

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INTRODUCTION

REAChITAR

(US/DoD or US/DoC regulations )

EAR

EUROPE has to face to different

regulations

• International Traffic in Arms regulations / Export Administration Regulation

• Designed to help ensure that defense related technology does not get into the wrong hands

• Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals

• Adopted to improve the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals


4

INTRODUCTION

REAChEUROPE has to

face to different regulations

• Find new suppliers of the same component

• Replace the critical component by another one that is supposed to be chemically and/or functionally equivalent


ITAR(US/DoD or US/DoC regulations )

EAR

5

INTRODUCTION

GRANULAR EXPLOSIVE

EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION

BONDING AGENT

PLASTICIZER

SOLVENTS

CATALYSTS BINDER


6

INTRODUCTION

GRANULAR EXPLOSIVE

EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITION

BONDING AGENTTEPAN

PLASTICIZERDBP

SOLVENTSDCE

CATALYSTSTPB

BINDERHTPB R45HT2


EAR

ITAR

ITAR

7

• Introduction



• Conclusion


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IMPACT OF REAChREGULATION

List of criticalcompounds

Plasticizer

Impacted compounds

DBPDibutyl Phtalate

DCEDichloroethane

Tetrachloroethylene

Use Regulation impact Strategy

Polymerizationsolvent

Jellificationsolvent

Prohibited by REACh since 2015

Not to be in use after 2021

Prohibited by REACh since 2016

Replacement

Search for a new polymerization

solvent

Search for a new solvent


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o Replaced by a plasticizer widely used in the cosmetic industry

o Qualification of this new compound completed

• Chemical compatibilities

• Combustion quickness

• Ash percent

• Permeability

• Overall qualification of MACS and CCC

PLASTICIZERin the nitrocellulose varnish used for final

coating of MACS and CCC

DBPDibutyl Phtalate


10


DCEDichloroethane

o Middle term replacement by a standard organic solvent

• Organic solvent not yet impacted by REACh

• Process file ready for scale up to the industrial workshop

o Long term replacement: Research studies to find new ways to polymerize ECH

SOLVENTPolymerization of ECH to get PECH, the intermediate polymer in GAP production


11

• Introduction



• Conclusion


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List of criticalcompounds

Polymer

Impacted compounds

HTPB R45HT2

Copolymer SBS

TEPANTetraethylen pentamine

acrylonitrile

Use Regulation impact Strategy

Thermoplastic copolymer

Bonding agent

•Produced in the USA under EAR licence

•Difficulties for renewing the end user statement

•Long period supply•Difficulties due to final use

•Impacted by ITAR regulation

Find new suppliers

Find an European

source

Find new suppliers

IMPACT OF ITAR / EAR REGULATION

BiPhi3 or TPBTriphenyl bismuth

Polymerization catalyst

• Impacted by ITAR regulation

Find new suppliers


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o Supplying oh HTPB from a new source and comparison with the current one

BINDERMost used polymer in EURENCO cast PBX

compositions

HTPB R45HT2


0,72

0,77

0,82

0,87

0,92

4000,00

5000,00

6000,00

7000,00

Hydroxyl content

Viscosity 2018 IM & EM Technology symposium, April 23-26, 2018, Portland, OR

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o Qualification of this new source

• Chemical compatibilities with most important granular products

• Evaluation in cast PBX composition in 8 L. mixer implementation feasibility

• Evaluation in cast PBX composition in 35 L. mixer implementation feasibility and composition characterization

• Ageing studies at 60°C

• Evaluation in 135 L. mixer

• Evaluation in the proprietary bi-component process


compositions

HTPB R45HT2



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o Qualification of this new source

• Chemical compatibilities with most important granular products

• Evaluation in cast PBX composition in 8 L. mixer implementation feasibility

• Evaluation in cast PBX composition in 35 L. mixer implementation feasibility and composition characterization

• Ageing studies at 60°C In progress

• Evaluation in 135 L. mixer In progress

• Evaluation in the proprietary bi-component process In progress


compositions

HTPB R45HT2



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HTPB R45HT2


B2238B B2211B PBXN-109 B2214B B2263A

RDX

HMX

NTO

PA

Al

HTPB

o Qualification at 8 L. scale on 6 cast cured compositions


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HTPB R45HT2


B2238B PBXN-109 B2263A

RDX

HMX

NTO

PA

Al

HTPB

o Qualification at 35 L. scale on 3 cast cured compositions


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HTPB R45HT2


o Qualification at 8 L. scale : Characterizations• Density• Hardness• Mechanical properties at +20°C, -45°C, +60°C• Sensitivity to friction (ISF) and impact (ISI)

o Additive characterization at 35 L. scale• Friability

Conform to the specifications Results equivalent to those for standard

industrial compositions


1620

1625

1630

1635

1640

1645

1650

Dens

ity

55

57

59

61

63

65

67

69

71

73

75

Hard

ness

(Sho

re A

)

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Stre

ss (M

Pa)

0,55

0,6

0,65

0,7

0,75

0,8

0,85

0,9

0,95

Stre

ss (M

Pa)

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HTPB R45HT2


B2214 - Stress B2214 - Strain

B2214 - Hardness B2214 - Density

• 8 L. scale


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HTPB R45HT2


0,6

0,65

0,7

0,75

0,8

0,85

0,9

0,95

1

1,05

1,1

Stre

ss (M

Pa)

0,6

5,6

10,6

15,6

20,6

25,6

Stre

ss (M

Pa)

55

57

59

61

63

65

67

69

71

73

75

Hard

ness

(Sho

re A

)

1565

1567

1569

1571

1573

1575

1577

1579

Dens

ity

B2238 - Stress B2238 - Strain

B2238 - Hardness B2238 - Density

• 8 L. scale• 35 L. scale


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o Supplying of 2 French alternatives (TEPAN N°2 and TEPAN N°3) and comparison with the reference (TEPAN n°1)

BONDING AGENTIn formulation of cast PBX or composite rocket

propellants

TEPANTetraethylen pentamine acrylonitrile


Characterization Specification TEPAN n°1(Reference) TEPAN n°2

Total amine content 11/15 eq/kg 13.7 13.7

Water content ≤ 0.50 % 0.28 0.28


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o Validation in composition

BONDING AGENTIn formulation of cast PBX or composite rocket

propellants

TEPANTetraethylen pentamine acrylonitrile


Formulation tested B2238 B2214B

Viscosity Compliant with industrial scale

Compliant with industrial scale

Density 1.572 1.636

Mechanical properties- Smt (MPa)- Emt (%)

0.969.3

0.6010.6


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o Supplying of TPB N°2 (Non European supplier)

o Validation in composition PBXN-109

CATALYSTFor polymerization of cast cured formulations

TPBTriphenyl bismuth


Characteristics PBXN-109 with US TPB(a) PBXN-109 with TPB n°2(b)

Density 1669/1683 1669

Mechanical properties at 20°C- Sm (MPa)- Em (%) 0.33/0.76

19/550.6119

Shore hardness 44/64 62

a) Industrial results (36 mixes)b) Results at 8 L. scale 2018 IM & EM Technology symposium, April 23-26, 2018, Portland, OR

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• Introduction



• Conclusion



CONCLUSION

Impacted compounds Regulation impacts on the supply Status

DBP / Dibutyl Phthalate REACh

DCE / Dichloroethane REACh Long term research studies needed

Tetrachloroethylene REACh

HTPB R45HT2 EAR Long term program to be completed

TEPAN ITAR

Copolymer SBS « Reluctant » supplier

BiPhi3 / TPB / Triphenyl bismuth ITAR


CONCLUSION

Most of the issues encountered by EURENCO have been solved (DBP, TCE, TEPAN, SBS, TPB) or are about to be solved (HTPB)

Of course these regulations cost money

But

They force us to find alternative solutions sometimes very innovative (DCE)

They can significantly reduce the exposure of workers to dangerous substances

Overall they are cost effective


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

• J. PEROUEL, D. DRU, M. EL OTHMANI and B. NOUGUEZ who coauthored this work

• Process team and laboratory team who performed and characterized the compositions

• Bergerac team for MACS and CCC related inputs


Thank you for your attention

Questions?

EURENCO 29

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Impact of REACh, ITAR and other regulations on Energetic ... · REACh since . 2016. Replacement....

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