IMPACT OF POLLUTION
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Transcript of IMPACT OF POLLUTION
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IMPACT OF POLLUTION
Is the solution to pollution
dilution?
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Surface & Ground Water are Surface & Ground Water are Connected!Connected!
Losing Losing StreamStream
Gaining Gaining StreamStream
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Human Human ImpactsImpacts
Population Growthhttp://zebu.uoregon.edu/1998/es202/archive/gt1f.gif
http://www.susps.org/images/worldpopgr.gif
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The more impervious surfaces, the more the environment is impacted.
Development Impacts the Water Cycle
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Land development increases the amount of IMPERVIOUS surfaces.
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Materials like cement,Materials like cement,asphalt, asphalt,
Impervious Surfaces
roofing,and compacted soil that prevent percolation of runoff into the ground.
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Stop groundwater recharge Prevent natural processing of pollutants Accumulate pollution Create express routes for pollutants to waterways Cause drought AND flooding
What do Impervious Surfaces do?
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As LAND USE increasesAs LAND USE increases
And so do WATER QUALITY PROBLEMSAnd so do WATER QUALITY PROBLEMS
Land Use Impacts Resource Land Use Impacts Resource QualityQuality
Amount of IMPERVIOUS SURFACES increaseAmount of IMPERVIOUS SURFACES increase
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Human ImpactsHuman ImpactsNonpoint Source Pollution:Nonpoint Source Pollution:•Polluted Runoff that Polluted Runoff that comes from comes from everywhereeverywhere in a watershed. in a watershed.•It is the #1 Water Quality Problem in It is the #1 Water Quality Problem in the U.S.*the U.S.*
* USEPA
You need to You need to know this know this stuff!!!!!stuff!!!!!
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Pollutants of Concern - NUTRIENTS
NUTRIENTS:NUTRIENTS:•nitrates and nitrates and phosphates phosphates (natural (natural substances)substances)•elevated levels: elevated levels:
•EUTROPHICATIOEUTROPHICATION & HYPOXIA = N & HYPOXIA = increased aquatic increased aquatic plant growth, plant growth, which decreases which decreases dissolved oxygen dissolved oxygen levels.levels.•"blue baby" disease"blue baby" disease •cancer
Nonpoint Sources:Nonpoint Sources: animal waste, fertilizers, septic animal waste, fertilizers, septic systems, auto emissionssystems, auto emissions
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Pollutants of Concern - PATHOGENSPathogensPathogens : :
•disease-causing disease-causing bacteria and viruses bacteria and viruses from fecal matter. from fecal matter. (poop)(poop)•They lead to shell-They lead to shell-fishing bans and fishing bans and beach closures.beach closures.
Nonpoint Sources:Nonpoint Sources: failing septic systems, failing septic systems, animal waste, marine sanitation devicesanimal waste, marine sanitation devices
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Pollutants of Concern - SEDIMENTSEDIMENT:SEDIMENT:
•eroded soil or eroded soil or road sandroad sand•Clouds aquatic Clouds aquatic habitat: fish habitat: fish spawning areasspawning areas•carries other carries other pollutantspollutants
Nonpoint Sources:Nonpoint Sources: road sand, construction sites, road sand, construction sites, agricultural fields, disturbed areasagricultural fields, disturbed areas
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Pollutants of Concern - TOXIC CHEMICALS
TOXIC CONTAMINANTSTOXIC CONTAMINANTS •heavy metals heavy metals •PesticidesPesticides•threaten the health of threaten the health of aquatic and human lifeaquatic and human life
•Bald eagle, brown Bald eagle, brown pelican, songbirds pelican, songbirds
•often resistant to often resistant to breakdownbreakdown
Nonpoint Sources: Nonpoint Sources: industrial, commercial, industrial, commercial, household and agricultural chemicals; auto household and agricultural chemicals; auto
emissionsemissions
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• Can permanently damage the brain and nervous system– Young children and fetuses are most at risk
• Comes from – landfills (thermometers, thermostats, switches,
fluorescent light bulbs, and batteries) as it leaches into the groundwater
– Burning coal (ash is dispersed and settles on the land)• Bacteria create methylmercury once in the water
and are ingested by fish
TOXIC CHEMICALS – Mercury (Hg)
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Pollutants of Concern - FLOATABLE DEBRIS
FLOATABLE FLOATABLE DEBRIS-DEBRIS- plastics and other plastics and other trash that trash that threaten threaten aquatic lifeaquatic life and and take away from take away from recreation and recreation and beautybeauty
Nonpoint Sources:Nonpoint Sources: illegal dumping, street illegal dumping, street litter, beach litter, boating wastelitter, beach litter, boating waste
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How can we Help?How can we Help?
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Drainage SystemsDrainage SystemsMake sure that drain spouts have the shortest route to the drain to prevent pollution from getting picked up along the way.
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Septic SystemsSeptic SystemsCan be a source of nutrients & pathogens…Can be a source of nutrients & pathogens…
• What to do:What to do:• Properly dispose of chemicalsProperly dispose of chemicals• Maintain your systemMaintain your system• Watch for signs of failureWatch for signs of failure
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Roof RunoffRoof Runoff
•What you can do:What you can do:•Redirect down spouts to pervious areasRedirect down spouts to pervious areas•Rain BarrelsRain Barrels•Rain gardensRain gardens
Roof water is relatively clean, and can be Roof water is relatively clean, and can be easily polluted by impervious surfaces.easily polluted by impervious surfaces.
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Household Household ManagementManagement
Encourage and practice conservation:Encourage and practice conservation: Wise water/energy useWise water/energy use Car Washing Facilities Car Washing Facilities Environmental Lawn CareEnvironmental Lawn Care RecycleRecycle
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OBEY THE LAWS• Clean Air Act (1970)
– regulates air emissions from all sources (acid rain, ground-level ozone, stratospheric ozone depletion, and air toxics.) Catalytic converters & scrubbers
• Clean Water Act (1972)– regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the
United States. It gave EPA the authority to implement pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industry.
• National Environmental Protection Act (1969)• Pollution Prevention Act (1990)• Kyoto Protocol (1992) – not signed by U.S.