Impact Maps and Story Maps: delivering what really matters

DELIVERING WHAT REALLY MATTERS

Impact Maps andStory Maps

Christian Hassa - [email protected] - Twitter: @chrishassaSwiss Requirements Day Zurich, June 18th 2014

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Agile Requirements

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What makes user stories agile?

•Describe user needs or features•Unit of planning/prioritization

Help solving the right problem•Solution options•Mechanism to defer detail•Reminder for a conversation•Evolve over time:desired outcome specification

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People fear uncertainty:They rather make a decision now and

run the risk of being wrong,than continue in a state of

uncertainty.- Chris Matts (@papachrismatts)

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User Story life-cycleIdea

Need

Problem

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Impact Mapping

Story Mapping

Specification-By-Example

Why?Outcomes

SpecificationsHow?

AcceptanceCriteria

Epics

Deliverables

Impacts

earlier later

User Activities

User Stories

Examples

Goals

Agile Product Ownership

Code

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Project Success

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Our job is NOTto develop software,

our job is to change the world.- Jeff Patton

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As a Sales Manager

I want a …-report

to monitor inventory

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As a Sales Manager

I want a …-report

to monitor inventory

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As a Sales Manager

I want a …-report

to monitor inventory faster

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Impact Mapping

Story Mapping

Specification-By-Example

Why?Outcomes

SpecificationsHow?

AcceptanceCriteria

Epics

Deliverables

Impacts

earlier later

User Activities

User Stories

Examples

Goals

Agile Product Ownership

Code

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Impact Mapping

Why?Outcomes

SpecificationsHow?

AcceptanceCriteria

Epics

Deliverables

Impacts

earlier later

User Activities

User Stories

Examples

Goals

Achieving Impact

Code

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Impact Maps

Goal

Actors

Impacts

Deliverables

Increase peak sales

Mobile User

Buy more online

MobileWebsite

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Evaluate Options

Goal

Actors

Impacts

Deliverables

Increase peak sales

One-Clickpurchase

Mobile User Call Center

Buy more online

Buy without call center

Sell faster

Stopcross selling

Purchasewith SMS

MobileWebsite

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Hierarchical goals

Goal

Actors

Impacts

Deliverables

Increase turnover 3%

Increase block buster market share

Increase peak sales

One-Clickpurchase


Buy more online

Buy without call center

Sell faster

Stopcross selling

Purchasewith SMS

MobileWebsite

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Zone of influence

Zone of control

Influence vs. Control

Goal

Actors

Impacts

Deliverables

Increase turnover 3%


Increase peak sales

One-Clickpurchase


Buy more online

Buy withoutcall center

Sell faster

Stopcross selling

Purchasewith SMS

MobileWebsite

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FasterFeedback

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Story Maps

• Target particular stakeholder impacts

• Slice and refine deliverables (releases)

• Support backlog management• Inject dependent

features• Overview and

collaboration• Release planning• Flexible scope Conceived by Jeff Patton in 2005

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Story Mapping

Why?Outcome

SpecificationHow?

AcceptanceCriteria

Epics

Deliverables

Impacts

Easier to define upfront Harder to define upfront

User Activities

User Stories

Examples

Goals

Optimizing and refining scope

Code

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Focus on impacts and user experience

Goal

Actors

Impacts

Deliverables


Increase peak sales

One-Clickpurchase

Mobile User

Buy more online

MobileWebsite

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Sphere of control

Sphere of influence

Product Backlog:Sphere of control

User Journey: Sphere of influence

Structure

Discoverconcerts

Purchasetickets

Learnmore

Attendconcert

Upcomingticket sales

Additional artist info

Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket

Validateticket using

NCF

Concert news

Likely order ofevents

Mobile users

Buy moreonline

Visit sitemore often

Blockbusterconcert info

One-clickpurchase

Deliverables

Impacts

User Activities

User Stories

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Structure

Hears aboutconcert

Tries to gettickets

Waits forconcert

Attendsconcert



Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket


NCF

Concert news


Mobile user

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Prioritize per user activity

Hears aboutconcert

Tries to gettickets

Waits forconcert

Attendsconcert



Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket


NCF

Concert news

Pri

ori

ty


Mobile user

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WalkingSkeleton

Prioritize slices



Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket


NCF

Concert news

Pri

ori

ty

Manual workaround

Not supported

Hears aboutconcert

Tries to gettickets

Waits forconcert

Attendsconcert Likely order of

events

Mobile user

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Prioritize for deliverable

Visits sitemore often


Hears aboutconcert

Tries to gettickets

Waits forconcert


events



Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket


NCF

Concert news

Mobile user

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Prioritize for deliverable



Hears aboutconcert

Tries to gettickets

Waits forconcert


events



Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket


NCF

Concert news

Mobile user

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Validate impact



Hears aboutconcert

Tries to gettickets

Waits forconcert


events



Pay bycredit card

Pay byinvoice

Print paperticket


NCF

Concert news

Impact on userbehaviour?

Impact on business goal?

Mobile user

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Example

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Candidate VoterFund-

management

More candidates

run for election

More voters participate in

election

Less effort approving candidates

Online application

Candidates published

onlineOnline voting

Shared checklist

Otherfunds

Use systemfor theirelections

Customizable branding

Pension Fund

More candidatesHigher voter turnoutNo „silent“ elections

Broaderlegitimisedcommittee

Reduced external costsLess personnel effortAdditional revenue

Reduced costfor running

elections

Less effort counting

votes

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Nominate candidates

Story Map with initial backlog

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36 34 39

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2829

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15 13 8

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Provision and support

Vote and determine results

3 User Journeys

User Stories ofInitial Product Backlog

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Sprint 1

83

76

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78

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638082

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Nominate candidates


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Sprint 2

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76

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78

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60

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638082

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56

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48.1

49

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Nominate candidates


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Sprint 3

83

76

58

78

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638082

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54

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48.2

48.1

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77

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Nominate candidates


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Dropped user stories

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76

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638082

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36 34 39

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Nominate candidates


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Added user stories

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76 89

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90

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48.2

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9177

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36 34 39

38 32

2829

2521

20 23

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15 13 8

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Nominate candidates


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Sprint 4

83

76 89

58

78

59

60

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638082

55

54

56

90

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48.2

48.1

49

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9177

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36 34 39

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20 23

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Nominate candidates


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Flexible scope

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76 89

58

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60

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90

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48.2

48.1

49

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9177

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44

42

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36 34 39

38 32

2829

2521

20 23

17

15 13 8

9

11

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Nominate candidates


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Candidate VoterFund-

management

More candidates

run for election

More voters participate in

election

Less effort approving candidates

Online application

Candidates published

onlineOnline voting

Shared checklist

Otherfunds

Use systemfor theirelections

Customizable branding

Pension Fund

More candidatesHigher voter turnoutNo „silent“ elections

Broaderlegitimisedcommittee

Reduced external costsLess personnel effortAdditional revenue

Reduced costfor running

elections

Less effort counting

votes

Candidates67 368

Staff14 4

Customers0

Project successful?

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Bonus Track:Practical

usage tips

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Tools

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Creation of Story Maps

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Trace from outputs to inputs

Outputs:• Approved list of candidates• Published profiles of candidates• Election result

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Transport and Conservation

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Product Design with Story Maps

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Visual collaboration

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Linking within ALM

Refinement forSprint planning

Link with Sprint Backlog(Tasks, Taskboard, Burndown)

Drill into Details(Specification-By-Example)

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Summary

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Visual collaboration

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Team

Levels of collaboration

StakeholdersProject Sponsor

Project Lead

ProductOwner Other groups

that deliver

Impact Mapsstrategic view

Story Mapstactical view

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Product Design with Story Maps

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Key takeawaysUser Stories != Specifications•Just options, might be even dropped•Refine only as certainty grows

Strategic planning with Impact Maps•Associate business assumptions with(IT) deliverables•Measure outcomes to validate assumptions

Tactical planning with Story Maps•Optimize deliverables to user needs•Measure impacts to tighten feedback loop

Q & A

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CONTACT:

CHRISTIAN HASSA ([email protected], @CHRISHASSA)

Coaching

64 Christian Hassa: [email protected] - @chrishassa

Impact Maps and Story Maps: delivering what really matters

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