Immunology presentation
Transcript of Immunology presentation
HAIR LOSS
ALOPECIA AREATA
BEENISH SARFRAZ
Introduction:•An autoimmune condition in which hair is lost from any part of body especially from scalp.•Body’s immune system attacks itself.•Causes smooth round patches of hair loss on scalp.•Is also known by “Spot Baldness”.•Hair can re-grow usually.
Forms of Alopecia areata:•Alopecia areata -- patches of hair loss, usually on the scalp, but they also can be in the beard or other areas•Alopecia totalis -- complete loss of scalp hair•Alopecia universalis -- total loss of all body hair
Alopecia totalis
Alopecia areata
Patterns of Alopecia areata:•Well-defined spot (oval/round) of hair loss•Diffused form of hair loss (thinning of hair )•"Exclamation-mark" Hair form•Completely bald and smooth.
Who gets Alopecia areata:•Men, women, children all can get the disease.•But rare in children below age 3.•Disease tends to occur most often in adults 30 to 60 years.•People having relatives with the disease have greater chances of getting disease.•People having family members suffering from an autoimmune disease (diabetes, lupus etc) are at high risk.
POTENTIAL
CAUSES FOR
ALOPECIA
AREATA
CHRONIC
STRESS
SUDDEN
SHOCK OR
TRAUMA
MEDICATIONS
PREGNANCY/
HORMAONES
VIRAL INFECTION OR ILLNES
S
ALLERGIC REACTION
GENETICS
OTHER AUTOIMMUNE
CONDITIONS
Causes of Alopecia areata:•An autoimmune disease caused by an abnormality in immune system.•Immune system attacks the hair follicles.•Secrets T-cell lymphocytes around follicles in abundance.•T-cells cluster around hair follicles causing inflammation and leads to hair disruption.•Having any of other autoimmune disease can also cause Alopecia areata.
SYMPTOMS OF ALOPECIA AREATA:•REDDISH SMOOTH PATCHES OF HAIR LOSS•SOME MAY FEEL BURNING SENSATION OR ITCHING•PATCHES MAY BE SEEN ON BEARD, EYEBROWS, ARMS LEGS ETC•LOSS OF ALL SCALP HAIR (ALOPECIA TOTALIS)•LOSS OF ALL SCALP AND BODY HAIR (ALOPECIA UNIVERSALIS)
Diagnosis of Alopecia areata:•Looking at the hair loss. (Hairs will be looked at under a microscope)•Skin biopsy (Dermatologist removes a small piece of skin to examine )•Blood tests (To confirm if patient have another autoimmune disease)
Treatment of Alopecia areata:Drugs that are mainly used for treatment of Alopecia areata:•Corticosteroids: Anti inflammatory drug given in the form of injections•Rogaine (minoxidil):Usually takes 12 weeks of treatment•Short contact Anthralin therapy•Irritating drugs in the form of shampoos or creams may be applied
• Clobetasol (Clobex)• Fluocinonide (Lidex) for the scalp
TREATMENT PRODUCTS
Corticosteroid treatment
Products for treatment of Alopecia
areata
Other tips for Alopecia areata:•Using makeup to hide or minimize hair loss•Wearing coverings (wigs, hats, or scarves)•Reducing stress
Conclusion:•An autoimmune disease.•Appear to be T-cell mediated•Can cause emotional and psychological distress•Have genetic basis too and can run in families•Hair re-growth usually occurs