Immigration Act of 1990

7/28/2019 Immigration Act of 1990

1/111

104 STAT. 4978 PUBLIC LAW 101-649NOV. 29, 1990Public Law 101-649101st Congress An Act

Nov. 29, 1990[S. 358]

Immigration Actof 1990.Passports andvisas.8 u s e 1101 note .

To amend the Immigration and Nationality Act to change the level, and preferencesjrstem for admission, of immigrants to the United States, and to provide foradm inistrative naturalization, and for other purposes.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of theUnited States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; REF ERE NCE S IN ACT; TABL E OF CO NTENTS.(a) S H O R T T I T L E . T h i s Act may be cited is t h e "Immigration A ctof 1990".(b) R E F E R E N C E S I N A C T . E x c e p t is specifically provided in thisAct, whenever in this Act an amendment o r repeal is expressed a sa n amendment to or repeal of a provision, t h e reference shall b edeemed to be made t o t h e Immigration a n d Nationality Act .(c) T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S . T h e table of contents of this Act is asfollows:

Sec. 1. Short title; referenc es in Act; table of con tents.TITLE IIMMIGRANTS

Subtitle AWorldwide uid Per Country LevelsSec. 101. Worldwide levels.Sec. 102. Per country levels.Sec. 103. Treatment of Hong Kong under per country levels.Sec. 104. Asylee adjustments.

Subtitle BPreference SjrstemP A R T 1FAMILY-SPONSORED IMMIGRANTS

Sec. 111. Family-sponsored imm igrants.Sec. 112. Transition for spouses and minor children of legalized alien s.PART 2EMPLOYMENT-BASKD IMMIGRANTS

Sec. 121. Emplojrment-based imm igran ts.Sec. 122. Changes in labor certification process.Sec. 123. Definitions of man agerial capacity and executive capacity.Sec. 124. Transition for employees of certain United States businesses operating inHong Kong.PART 3DIVERSITY IMIKIGRANTS

Sec. 131. Diversity immigrants.Sec. 132. Diversity transition for aliens who are natives of certain adversely affected foreign states.Sec. 133. One-yeeu" diversity tran sition for aliens who hav e be en n otified of avaU-abUity of N P - 5 visas.Sec. 134. Transition for displaced Tibetans.

Subtitle CCommission and InformationSec. 141. Commission on L^al Immigration Reform.Sec. 142. Statistical information systems.

Subtitle DMiscellaneousSec. 151. Revision of special immigrant provisions relating to religious workers (Cspecial immigruits).


2/111

PUBLIC LAW 101-649NOV. 29, 1990 104 STAT. 4979Sec. 152. Special immigrant status for certain fdiens employed at the United Statesmission in Hong Kong (D special immigrants) .Sec. 153. Special imm igrant statu s for certain aliens declared dependent on a juvenile court (J special imm igrants) .Sec. 154. Permitting extension of period of validity of immigrant visas for certainresidents of Hong Kong.Sec. 155. Expedited issuance of Lebanese second and fifth preference visas.

Subtitle EEffective Dates; Ck)nforming Amendments JSec. 161. Effective dates.Sec. 162. Conforming amendments .

TITLE nNONIMMIGRANTSSubtitle AGeneral and Permanent ProvisionsSec. 201. Revision and extension of the visa waiver pilot pr(^un for foreign tourists (B nonimmigrants) .Sec. 202. Denial of crewmember status in the case of certain labor disputes (D nonimmigrants) .Sec. 203. Limitations on performance of longshore work by alien crewmen (D nonimmigrants) .Sec. 204. Treaty traders (E nonimmigrants) .

Sec. 205. Temporary workers and trainees (H nonimmigrants) .Sec. 206. Intra-company transferees (L nonimmigrants) .Sec. 207. Ne w classification for aliens with extraord inary abil ity, accom panyingaliens, uid athletes and entertainers (O & P nonimmigrants) .Sec. 208. New classification for intemationil cultural exchange programs (Q nonimmigrants) .Sec. 209. New classiification for aliens in religious occupations (R nonimmigrants) .Subtitle BTemporary or Limited Provisions

Sec. 221. Off-campus work authorization for students (F nonim migrants) .Sec. 222. Admission of nonimmigrants for cooperative research, development, andcoproduction projects.Sec. 223. E^stablishment of special education exch ange v isitor program.Subtitle CEffective Dates

Sec. 231. Effective dates.TITLE mFAMILY UNITY AND TEMPORARY PROTECTED STATUS

Sec. 301. Family unity.Sec. 302. Temporary protected status.Sec. 303. Special temporary protected status for Salvadorans. ^TITLE IVNATURALIZATION

Sec. 401. Administrative naturalization.Sec. 402. Substituting 3 months residence in INS district or State for 6 months residence in a State.Sec. 403. Waiver of English language requirement for naturalization.Sec. 404. Tr eatme nt of service in armed forces of a foreign country.Sec. 405. Naturalization of natives of the Philippines through certain active-dutyservice during World War 11. ^Sec. 406. Public education regarding naturalization benefits.Sec. 407. Conforming amendments.Sec. 408. Effective dates and savings provisions.TITLE VENFORCEMENT ^ *Subtitle ACriminal Aliens

Sec. 501. Aggravated felony definition. ?Sec. 502. Shortening period to request judicial review.Sec. 503. Enhancing enforcement authority of INS officers.Sec. 504. Custody pending determination of deportability and excludability.Sec. 505. Elimination of judicial recommendations aga inst deportation.Sec. 506. Clarification respecting discretionary authority in deportation proceedingsfor incarcerated aliens.Sec. 507. Requiring coordination plan with INS as a condition for receipt of drugcontrol and system improvement grants under the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968.Sec. 508. D eportation for attemp ted violations of controlled substances law s.


3/111

104 S T AT . 4980 PUB LIC LAW 101- 649 NOV . 29, 1990Sec. 509. Grood m ora l ch ara cte r definit ion.Sec. 510. R e p o r t on c r i m i n a l a l i e n s .Sec. 511. L i m i t a t i o n on w a i v e r of exclus ion for r e t u r n i n g p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s c o n victed of an aggravated fe lony.'' Sec. 512. A u t h o r i za t i o n of a d d i t i o n a l i m m i g r a t i o n j u d g e s for depor tat ion proceedings involving crimined a l i e n s .Sec. 513. Effect of f il ing petit ion for review.Sec. 514. E x t e n d i n g bar on r e e n t r y of al iens convicted of aggravated fe lonies .r>ec. 515. Asylum in the case of al iens convicted of aggravated fe lonies .S u b t i t l e BProvision R e l a t i n g to E m p l o y e r S a n c t i o n sSec. 521. E l i m i n a t i o n of p a p e r w o rk r e q u i r e m e n t for r e c r u i t e r s and r e f e r r e r s .

S u b t i t l e CProvisions R e l a t i n g to A n t i - D i s c r i m i n a t i o nSec. 531. D i s s e m i n a t i o n of i n f o r m a t i o n c o n c e r n i n g a n t i - d i s c r i m i n a t i o n p r o t e c t i o n s' underlRCAandtitle VII of th e Civi l Rights Act of 1964.Sec. 532. Inclus ion of c e r t a i n s e a s o n a l agricultursd w o r k e r s w i t h i n s c o p e of anti-disc r i m i n a t i o n p r o t e c t i o n s .Sec. 533. E l i m i n a t i o n of r e q u i r e m e n t t h a t a l i e n s f i l e a d e c l a r a t i o n of i n t e n d i n g to^ become a cit izen in o r d e r to f i le ant i -d iscr iminat ion complaint .Sec. 534. Anti- reta l ia t ion protect ions .Sec. 535. T r e a t m e n t of c e r t a i n a c t i o n s as d i s c r i m i n a t i o n .Sec. 536. Conforming civi l money penal t ies for ant i-d iscr iminat ion violat ions tot h o s e for e m p l o y e r s a n c t i o n s .Sec. 537. Per iod for filing of complsdnts .Sec. 538. Special Counsel access to emplojrment eligibil ity verif ication forms.Sec. 539. Addit ional re l ief in o r d e r s .

S u b t i t l e DGreneral E n f o r c e m e n tSec. 541. A u t h o r i z i n g i n c r e a s e by 1,000 in b o r d e r p a t r o l p e r s o n n e l .Sec. 542. Appl icat ion of i n c r e a s e in p e n a l t i e s to e n h a n c e e n f o r c e m e n t a c t i v i t i e s .Sec. 543. Increkse in f ine levels ; author i ty of the INS to collect f ines.Sec. 544. Civi l penal t ies for d o c u m e n t f r a u d .Sec. 545. Depor tat ion procedures ; required not ice of d e p o r t a t i o n h e a r i n g ; l i m i t a t i o non discret ionary relief.

T I T L E VIEXCLUSION AND D E P O R T A T I O N , -Sec. 601. Revis ion of groimds for exclus ion.Sec. 602. Revis ion of g r o u n d s for d e p o r t a t i o n .- Sec. 603. C o n f o r m i n g a m e n d m e n t s . *

T I T L E VIIMISCELLANEOUS P R O V I S I O N SSec. 701. B a t t e r e d s p o u s e or c h i l d w a i v e r of the c o n d i t i o n a l r e s i d e n c e r e q u i r e m e n t .Sec. 702. Bona f ide marr iage except ion to f o r e i g n r e s i d e n c e r e q u i r e m e n t for m a r r i a g e s e n t e r e d i n t o d u r i n g c e r t a i n i m m i g r a t i o n p r o c e e d i n g s ,r Sec. 703. 1-year e x t e n s i o n of d e a d l i n e for f il ing applications for adjus tment f romt e m p o r a r y to p e r m a m e n t r e s i de n c e for legal ized al iens .Sec. 704. Commiss ion on A g r i c u l t u r a l W o r k e r s .Sec. 705. I m m i g r a t i o n E m e r g e n c y F u n d . .>

T I T L E VmEDUCATION AND T R A I N I N GSec. 801. E d u c a t i o n a l a s s i s t a n c e and t r a i n i n g .

TITLE IIMMIGRANTSSubtitle AWorldwide and Per Country LevelsSEC. 101. WORLDW IDE LEV ELS.(a) IN GENERAL.Section 201 (8 U.S .C. 1151) is amended to read asfollows:


4/111

P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 64 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 99 0 1 04 S T A T . 4 9 8 1" W O R L D W I D E LEVEL OF IMMIGRATION

" S E C . 201. (a) IN GENERAL.Exclusive of al iens described insubsect ion (b), a l ien s bo rn in a foreign s tat e or dep end ent a re a wh om a y b e i s s u e d i m m i g r a n t v i s a s o r w h o m a y o t h e r w i s e a c q u i r e t h es ta tus of an a l ien law ful ly admit ted to the Uni ted S ta tes for permanent res idence are l imi ted to"(1) family-sponsored immigrants described in sect ion 203(a)(or who are admit ted under sect ion 211(a) on the basis of a priori ssuance of a v isa to the i r accompanying paren t under sec t ion203(a)) in a number not to exceed in iny f i s c a l y e a r t h e n u m b e rspecified in subsect ion (c) for th a t yea r, an d no t to exceed in a nyof the f irst 3 quarters of any fiscal year 27 percent of theworldwide level under such subsect ion for al l of such fiscal year;"(2) employment-based immigrants described in sect ion 203(b)(or who are admit ted under sect ion 211(a) on the basis of a priori ssuance of a v isa to the i r accompanying paren t under sec t ion203(b)), in a number not to exceed in any fiscal year the number x

specified in subsect ion (d) for th a t yea r, and no t to exceed in an yof the f irst 3 quarters of any fiscal year 27 percent of theworldwide level under such subsect ion for al l of such fiscal year;a n d"(3) for fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 1995, diversityim m igra nts descr ibed in sec t ion 203(c) (or w ho are adm it tedunder sect ion 211(a) on the basis of a prior issuance of a visa tot h e i r accompanjdng parent under sect ion 203(c)) in a numbernot to exceed in any fiscal year the number specified in subsect ion (e) for th at y ear, an d no t to exceed in any of th e f irst 3quarters of any fiscal year 27 percent of the worldwide levelunder such subsect ion for al l of such fiscal year."(b) A L I E N S N O T S U B J E C T T O D IR E C T N U M E R I C A L L I M IT A T I O N S . Aliens described in this subsect ion, who are not subject to theworldwide levels or numerical l imitat ions of subsect ion (a), are asfollows:"(IXA) Specia l immigrants descr ibed in subparagraph (A ) or(B) of section 101(aX27)." (B) A l iens w ho are admit ted under sec t ion 207 or w hose,i s ta tus i s ad jus ted un der sec t ion 209." (C) A l iens w hose s ta tus i s ad jus ted to permanent res idenceun de r sec t ion 210, 210A, or 245A."(D) A l iens w hose deporta t ion i s suspended under sec t ion244(a).

"(E) A l iens provided permanent res ident s ta tus under sec t ion249."(2XA)(i) I M M E D I A T E RELATIVES.For purposes of this subsect ion , the te rm ' immedia te re la t ives ' means the chi ldren ,spouses, and parents of a c i t izen of the United States, exceptthat , in the case of parents, such ci t izens shal l be at least 21years of age. In the Cise of an al ien who was the spouse of a* cit izen of th e Un ited S tates for at leas t 2 yea rs at th e t im e of th eci t izen 's death and was not legal ly separated from the ci t izen atthe t ime of the ci t izen 's death, the al ien shal l be considered, for ^ ^purposes of th i s subsec t ion , to remain an immedia te re la t iveafter the date of the ci t izen 's death but only if the spouse fi les apet i t ion u nd er sect ion 204(a)(lXA) wi thi n 2 ye ars after s uch da teand only unt i l the da te the spouse remarr ies .


5/111

1 04 S T A T . 4 98 2 P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990"(ii) Aliens adm i t ted u nder sect ion 211(a) on the bas i s of ap r ior i s su ance of a visa to t h e i r a c c o m p a n y i n g p a r e n t who issu ch an i m m e d i a t e r e l a t i v e ."(B) Aliens born to an al ien lawfu l ly adm i t ted for p e r m a n e n tr e s i d e n c e d u r i n g a t e m p o r a r y v i s i t a b r o a d ."(c) W O R L D W ID E L E V E L OF F A M I L Y - S P O N S O R E D IMMIGRANTS.(IXA)The wor ldwide lev el of fam i ly- sp onsored im m ig rants u nder th i s

subsection for a f iscal y ea r is , subject to su bp arag rap h (B) , eq u al to "(i) 480,000, m in us"(ii) the n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r p a r a g r a p h ( 2 ) , p l u s"(iii) the n u m b e r (if any) c o m p u t e d u n d e r p a r a g r a p h (3)."(BXi) For e a c h of fiscal years 1992, 1993, and 1994, 465,000 shallb e s u b s t i t u t e d for 480,000 in su b p ar ag r ap h (AXi)."(ii) In no c a s e s h a l l the n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h(A ) be less th an 226 ,000."(2) The n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h for a fiscal yearis the sum of the n u m b e r of al iens descr ibed in s u b p a r a g r a p h s (A)and (B) of subsection (bX2) who w e r e i s s u e d i m m i g r a n t v i s a s or whootherwise acq u i red the s t a t u s of al iens lawfu l ly adm i t ted to theU n i t e d S t a t e s for p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e in the previous f iscal year ."(3) The n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h for a fiscal yearis the difference (if any) b e t w e e n the m a x i m u m n u m b e r of v isasw h i c h may be i ssued under section 203(b) (relating to emplo3anent-b a s e d i m m i g r a n t s ) d u r i n g the previous f iscal year and the n u m b e rof v i sas i s su ed u nder that sect ion du r ing that year .

"(d) W O R L D W I D E L E V E L OF E M P L O Y M E N T - B A S E D I M M I G R A N T S . ( 1 )The wor ldwide lev el of e m p l o y m e n t - b a s e d i m m i g r a n t s u n d e r t h i ssu bsect ion for a f iscal year is e q u a l to"(A) 140,000, plus"(B) the n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r p a r a g r a p h ( 2 ) ."(2) The n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h for a f iscal yearis the difference (if any) b e t w e e n the m a x i m u m n u m b e r of v isasw h i c h may be i ssued under section 203(a) (relating to family-spons o r ed i m m i g r a n t s ) d u r i n g the previous f iscal year and the n u m b e r o fv i sas i s su ed u nder that sect ion du r ing that year ."(e) W O R L D W I D E L E V E L OF D I V E R S I T Y IMMIGRANTS,The worldwide level of d i v e r s i t y i m m i g r a n t s is e q u a l to 55,000 for e a c h fiscaly e a r . " .(b) C L E R I C A L AMENDMENT.The i tem in the t a b l e of c o n t e n t sr e l a t i n g to section 201 is a m e n d e d to r e a d as follows:"Sec. 201. Worldwide level of inundation.".SEC. 102. PER COUNTRY LEVE LS.Section 202 (8 U.S.C. 1152) is a m e n d e d (1) by am ending su bsect ion (a) to r e a d as follows:"(a) P E R C O U N T R Y L E V E L . "(1) NONDISCRIMINATION.Except as specifically provided inp a r a g r a p h (2) and in sections 101(aX27), 201(bX2XAXi), and 203,no p erson sh al l receiv e any p reference or p r ior i ty or be discr im in a t e d a g a i n s t in the i s su ance of an i m m i g r a n t v i s a b e c a u s e oft h e p e r s o n ' s r a c e , sex, nat ionedi ty , p lace of b i r t h , or p l a c e ofres idence.

"(2) PER C O U N T R Y L E V E L S FOR F A M I L Y - S P O N S O R E D AND E M P L O Y MENT-BASED IMMIGRANTS.Subject to p a r a g r a p h s ( 3 ) and (4), theto ta l nu m ber of i m m i g r a n t v i s a s m a d e avsdlable to n a t i v e s ofany s ing le fore ig n s ta te or d e p e n d e n t a r e a u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n s (a)a n d (b) of section 203 in any f iscal year may not exceed 7


6/111

P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 9 9 0 1 04 S T A T . 4 9 8 3p erc ent ( in the case of a s ing le fore ig n s ta te) or 2 p erce nt ( in th ecase of a dep endent area) of the to ta l nu m ber of su ch v i sas m adeav ai lable u nder su ch su bsect ions in that f i scal year ."(3) E X C E P T I O N I F A D D I T I O N A L V I S A S AVAILABLE.If becau se of ;th e ap p l icat ion of p a rag ra p h (2) wi th resp ect to one or m oreforeig n s ta tes or dep endent areas , the to ta l nu m ber of v i sasavai lable under both subsections (a) and (b) of section 203 for ac a l e n d a r q u a r t e r e x ce e d s t h e n u m b e r o f q u a li fi e d i m m i g r a n t swho otherwise m ay be i s su ed su ch a v i sa , p arag rap h (2) shal ln o t apply t o v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e t o s u c h s t a t e s o r a r e a s d u r i n gt h e r e m a i n d e r o f s u c h c a l e n d a r q u a r t e r ." (4 ) S P E C I A L R U L E S F O R S P O U S E S A N D C H I L D R E N O F L A W F U LP ER M A N E N T R E S I D E NT A U E N S . " ( A ) 7 5 P E R C E N T O F M I N I M U M 2 N D P R E F E R E N C E S E T -A S ID EFO R S P O U S E S A N D C H I L D R E N N O T S U B J E C T T O P E R C O U N T R YL I M I T A T I O N . "(i) I N GENERAL.Of t h e v i s a n u m b e r s m a d e a v a i l able u nder sect ion 203 (a) to im m ig rants descr ibed insection 203(a)(2XA) in any fiscal year, 75 percent of the2-A floor (as defined in clause (i i)) shall be issuedw i t h o u t r e g a r d t o t h e n u m e r i c a l l i m i t a t i o n u n d e r p a r a g ra p h (2)."(ii) 2-A FLOOR DEFINED.In t h i s p a r a g r a p h , t h eterm '2-A floor ' means, for a f iscal year, 77 percent oft h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f v i s a s m a d e avgiilable u nder sect ion203(a) to immigrants described in section 203(aX2) inthe f iscal year ."(B ) T R E A T M E N T O F R E M A I N I N G 25 P E R C E N T F O R C O U N T R I E S

SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION ( e ) . "(i) IN GENERAL.Of t h e v i s a n u m b e r s m a d e a v a i l able u nder sect ion 203 (a) to im m ig rants descr ibed insection 203(aX2XA) in any f iscal year, the remaining 25p ercent of the 2- A f loor shal l be av ai lable in the case ofa s tate or area that i s subject to subsection (e) only tot h e e x t e n t t h a t t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f v i s a s i s s u e d i naccordance wi th su bp arag rap h (A) to nat iv es of theforeig n s ta te or area i s less than the su bsect ion (e)ceiling (as defined in clause (i i))." (i i) S U B S E C T I O N ( e) C E I U N G DEFINED.In clause (i),th e ter m 'subsection (e) cei l ing ' me an s, for a foreigns t a t e o r d e p e n d e n t a r e a , 7 7 p e r c e n t o f t h e m a x i m u mn u m b e r o f v i s a s t h a t m a y b e m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e rsect ion 203 (a) to im m ig rants who are nat iv es of thes ta te or area u nder sect ion 203 (aX2) cons i s tent wi thsubse ction (e)."(C ) T R E A T M E N T O F U N M A R R I E D S O N S A N D D A U GH T E R S I NCOUNTRIES SUBJECT TO SUBSECTION (e).In the case of aforeig n s ta te or dep endent area to which su bsect ion (e)a p p l i e s , t h e n u m b e r o f i m m i g r a n t v i s a s t h a t m a y b e m a d eav ai lable to nat iv es of the s ta te or area u nder sect ion203(aX2XB) m a y n ot exceed" ( i ) 2 3 p e r c e n t o f t h e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f v i s a s t h a tm ay be m ade av ai lable u nder sect ion 203 (a) toim m ig rants of the s ta te or area descr ibed in sect ion203(aX2) consis tent with subsection (e) , or

"(i i ) the number ( i f any) b y w h i c h t h e m a x i m u mn u m b e r o f v i s a s t h a t m a y b e m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r


7/111

1 04 S T A T . 4 98 4 P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 9 9 0section 20 3(a) to immigran ts o f the s ta te o r a rea d escr ibed in sect ion 203(aX2) consistent with subsection(e) exceed s the n umb er o f v isas i ssued un d er sec t io nc 203(aX2XA),^ : w h i c h e v e r i s g r e a t e r ."(D ) L I M I T I N G P A S S D O W N F O R C E R T A I N C O U N T R I E S S U B J E C TTO SUBSECTION (e).In th e case of a fo re ign s ta te o r d epen d -

' en t a re a to wh ich sub sec t io n (e) appl ies , i f th e to ta l n u m b e ro f v isas i ssued un d e r sec t io n 20 3(aX2) exceed s the m axi m umn u m b e r o f v i s a s t h a t m a y b e m a d e a v a i l a b l e t o i m m i g r a n t so f th e s ta te o r a re a un d e r sec t io n 203(aX2) co n s is ten t w i thsub sec t io n (e) (d e term in ed w i tho ut rega rd to th is pa ragraph) , in applying paragraphs (3) and (4) of sect ion 203(a)un d e r sub sec t io n (eX2) a l l v isas sha l l b e d eemed to ha veb een required fo r the c lasses spec if ied in paragraphs (1 ) an d(2) of suc h sect ion .";(2) in sub sec tion (b)(A) b y in ser t in g " R U L E S F O R C H A R G E A B I L I T Y . " af ter"(b)", a n d(B ) b y s t r ik in g " th e n um er ic a l l imi ta t io n se t fo r th in t h epro viso to sub sec t io n (a) o f th is sec t io n " each p lace i t app e a r s and i n s e r t i n g " a n u m e r i c a l l e v e l e s t a b l i s h e d u n d e rsubs ection (aX2)";*! (3) in subsection (c)(A) by inserting " C H A R G E A B I L I T Y F O R D E P E N D E N TA R E A S . " af ter "(c)'(B ) b y s t r ik in g "a spec ia l im m ig ran t" an d a l l th a t fol lo wsth ro u gh "20 1 (b )" an d in s er t in g an a l ien d escr ib ed in section 20103)", and(C ) b y s t r i k in g " , an d th e n um b e r" an d a l l th a t fol lo wsthro ugh "o n e f i sca l y ear" ;(4) in subsection (d) , by inser t ing " C H A N G E S I N T E R R I T O R Y . "af ter "(d)"; a n d(5) by am en din g sub section (e) to rea d a s follows:"(e) S P E C IA L R U L E S F O R C O U N T R I E S A T CEIUNG.If i t i s d e t e r m i n e dt h a t t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f i m m i g r a n t v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e rsub sec t io n s (a) an d Ot)) of sect ion 203 to nat ives of any single foreignsta te o r d epen d en t a rea wi l l exceed the n umer ica l l imi ta t io n spec if ied in subsection (aX2) in an y f iscal ye ar , in de ter m in in g th ea l l o t m e n t o f i m m i g r a n t v i s a n u m b e r s t o n a t i v e s u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n s(a) an d (b) of sect ion 2 03, visa nu m be rs w ith resp ect to na t ive s oft h a t s t a t e o r a r e a s h a l l b e a l l o c a t e d ( t o t h e e x t e n t p r a c t i c a b l e a n do therwise co n sis ten t wi th th is sec t io n an d sec t io n 20 3) in a man n erso that

"(1 ) the ra t io o f the v isa n umb ers mad e ava i lab le un d ersec t io n 20 3(a) to the v isa n umb ers mad e ava i lab le un d er sec t io n20 3(b ) i s equal to th e ra t io o f th e wo r ld wid e level of im m igra t io nunder sect ion 201(c) to such level under sect ion 201(d);"(2) excep t as provid ed i n sub section (aX4), th e pro port io n oft h e v i s a n u m b e r s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r e a c h o f p a r a g r a p h s ( 1 )through (4) of sect ion 203(a) is equal to the rat io of the totaln u m b e r o f v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e r e s p e c t i v e p a r a g r a p ht o t h e totd n umb er o f v isas mad e ava i lab le un d er sec t io n 20 3(a) ,a n d"(3) th e pro po r t io n o f th e v isa n u m b e rs ma d e ava i lab le un d e reach of paragraphs (1) through (5) of sect ion 203(b) is equal tot h e r a t i o o f t h e t o t a l n u m b e r o f v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h e


8/111

P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990 104 S T A T . 4 9 8 5r e s p e c t i v e p a r a g r a p h to the t o t a l n u m b e r of visas made ava i l ab le under sec t ion 2030)).N o t h i n g in th i s subsec t ion sha l l be const rued as l i m i ti n g t h e n u m b e rof v isas tha t may be issued to n a t i v e s of a foreign state or d e p e n d e n tarea under sect ion 203(a) or 203(b) if t h e r e is insuff ic ien t demand forvisas for such nat ives under sect ion 203(b) or 203(a), respectively, or

as l imi t ing the n u m b e r of v i s a s t h a t may be i ssued under sec t ion203(aX2XA) pursuant to subsection (aX4XA).".SEC. 103. TREATMENT OF HONG KONG UNDER PER COUNTRY LEVELS. 8 USC 1152 not e .

T h e a p p r o v a l r e f e r r e d to in the f i rs t sen tence of section 202(b) oft h e I m m i g r a t i o n and N a t i o n a l i t y Act s h a l l be considered to h a v ebeen gra nte d, effect ive beg inn ing with f iscal ye ar 1991, w ith resp ectt o H o n g K o n g as a separa te fore ign s ta te , and not as a colony oro t h e r c o m p o n e n t or d e p e n d e n t a r e a of another fore ign s ta te , exceptt h a t the t o t a l n u m b e r of i m m i g r a n t v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e to n a t i v e sof H ong Kong und er sub sec t ions (a ) and (b) of sect ion 203 of s u c h Actin each of fiscal years 1991, 1992, and 1993 may not exceed 10,000.SEC. 104. ASYLEE ADJUSTMENTS.

(a) I N C R E A S E IN N U M E R I C A L L I M I T A T I O N ON A D J U S T M E N T OF /A Q Y T J E E S "(1) IN GENERAL.Section 209(b) (8 U.S.C. 1159(b)) is a m e n d e db y s t r i k i n g " f iv e t h o u s a n d " and inser t ing "10 ,000" .(2) E F F E C T I V E D A T E A N D TRANSITION.The a m e n d m e n t m a d e 8 use 1159 note,by para gra ph (1) sha l l apply to fiscal years beginning with f iscalyear 1991 and the P r e s i d e n t is a u t h o r i z e d , w i t h o u t the n e e d fora p p r o p r i a t e c o n s u l t a t i o n , to i n c r e a s e the r e f u g e e d e t e r m i n a t i o npreviously made under sec t ion 207 of the I m m i g r a t i o n andN a t i o n a l i t y Act for fiscal year 1991 in o r d e r to m a k e s u c h

amendment e ffec t ive for such fiscal year.(b) A N N U A L A S Y L E E E N U M E R A T I O N . S e c t i o n 207(a) (8 U.S.C.1157(a)) is a m e n d e d by a d d i n g at the end the following new p a r a g r a p h :"(4) In the d e t e r m i n a t i o n m a d e u n d e r t h i s s u b s e c t i o n for e a c h President,fiscal year (beginning with f iscal year 1992), the P r e s i d e n t s h a l le n u m e r a t e , w i t h the r e s p e c t i v e n u m b e r of refugees so d e t e r m i n e d ,t h e n u m b e r of a l i e n s who w e r e g r a n t e d a s y l u m in the previousy e a r . " .(c) W A I V E R OF N U M E R I C A L L I M I T A T I O N FOR C E R T A I N C U R R E N T 8USCii59note.ASYLEES.The n u m e r i c a l l i m i t a t i o n on the n u m b e r of a l i e n s w h o s es t a t u s may be adjusted under sect ion 209(b) of t h e I m m i g r a t i o n andN a t i o n a l i t y Act s h a l l not apply to an al ien described in subsec t ion(d) or to an al ien who has appl ied for a d j u s t m e n t of s t a t u s u n d e rsuch sec t ion on or b e f o r e J u n e 1,1990.(d) A D J U S T M E N T O F C E R T A I N F O R M E R A S Y L E E S . 8 use 1159 note.(1) IN GENERAL.Subject to p a r a g r a p h (2), the provisions ofsection 209(b) of t h e I m m i g r a t i o n and N a t i o n a l i t y Act shal l a lsoa p p l y to an al ien(A ) w ho w as gran ted asy lum before the d a t e of t h e e n a c t m e n t of t h i s Act ( regard less of w h e t h e r or not s u c h a s y l u mhas been te rminated under sec t ion 208(b) of the I m m i g r a t ion and N at ional i ty A ct ) ,(B) who is no longer a refugee because of a c h a n g e in

c i r c u m s t a n c e s in a foreign state , and(C) who was (or would be) qual if ied for a d j u s t m e n t ofstatus under sect ion 209(b) of the I m m i g r a t i o n and


9/111

104 S T A T . 4 98 6 P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990N a t i o n a l i t y Act as of the d a t e of the e n a c t m e n t of t h i s Actb u t for p a r a g r a p h s (2) and (3) t h e r e o f and but for anyn u m e r i c a l l i m i t a t i o n u n d e r s u c h s e c t i o n .(2) A P P U C A T I O N O F P E R C O U N T R Y LIMITATIONS.The n u m b e r ofa l i e n s who are n a t i v e s of any foreign state who may ad justs t a t u s p u r s u a n t to p a r a g r a p h (1) in any f i sca l y ear sha l l notexceed the difference between the per c o u n t r y l i m i t a t i o n e s t a b

l ished under sect ion 202(a) of the I m m i g r a t i o n and N a t i o n a l i t yA ct and the n u m b e r o f a l i e n s w h o are c h a r g e a b l e to tha t fo re igns t a t e in the f iscal year under sect ion 202 of s u c h Act.Subtitle BPreference System

PART 1FAMILY-SPONSORED IMMIGRANTSSEC. 111. FAMILY-SPONSORED IMMIGRANTS.

S ection 203 (8 U.S .C. 1153) is a m e n d e d (1) by red es ign at in g sub sec t io n s (b) t h r o u g h (e) as sub sec t io n s(d ) thr o u gh (g), respect ive ly , and(2 ) by s t r ik in g sub sec t io n (a) and i n s e r t i n g the following:

"(a) P R E F E R E N C E A L L O C A T I O N FOR F A M I L Y - S P O N S O R E D IM MIGRANTS.Aliens subject to the wo rldwide level specif ied in sec t io n201(c) for family -spo n so red immigran ts sha l l be al lo t ted v isas asfollows:"(1) U N M A R R I E D S O N S A N D D A U G H T E R S OF CITIZENS.Qualifiedi m m i g r a n t s w h o are the u n m a r r i e d s o n s or d a u g h t e r s of cit izensof the U n i t e d S t a t e s s h a l l be allocated visas in a n u m b e r not toexceed 23,400, plus any visas not r e q u i r e d for the class specifiedin paragraph (4) ."(2) S P O U S E S AND U N M A R R I E D S O N S AND U N M A R R I E D D A U G H TERS OF PERMANENT RESIDENT ALIENS.Qualified i m m i g r a n t s "(A) who are the spo uses or c h i l d r e n of an alien lawfullya d m i t t e d for p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e , or"(B) wh o are the u n m a r r i e d s o n s or u n m a r r i e d d a u g h t e r s(but are not the chi ld ren ) of an al ien lawful ly ad mit ted forp e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e ,s h a l l be al lo ca ted v isas in a n u m b e r not to exceed 114,200, plust h e n u m b e r (if any) by which such wo r ld wid e level exceed s226,000, plus any v i s a s not r e q u i r e d for the class specified inpa rag rap h (1 ); except th a t not l e s s t h a n 77 p e r c e n t of such v isan u m b e r s s h a l l be allocated to al ien s d escr ib ed in s u b p a r a g r a p h

(A)."(3) M A R R I E D S O N S AND M A R R I E D D A U G H T E R S OF C I T I Z E N S . Qual i f ied immigran ts who are the m a r r i e d s o n s or m a r r i e dd a u g h t e r s of c i t izen s of the U n i t e d S t a t e s s h a l l be al lo ca tedvisas in a n u m b e r not to exceed 23,400, plus any visas notr e q u i r e d for the classes specified in p a r a g r a p h s (1) and (2)."(4) B R O T H E R S A N D S IS T ER S O F C I T I Z E N S . Q u a l i f i e d i m m i g r a n t sw h o are the b r o t h e r s or s i s t e r s of cit izens of t h e U n i t e d S t a t es , ifsuch c i t izen s are at l e a s t 2 1 y e a r s of a g e , s h a l l be al lo ca ted v isasin a n u m b e r not to exceed 65,000, plu s any vissis not r e q u i r e d forth e classes specified in p a r a g r a p h s (1) t h r o u g h (3).".


10/111

PUBLIC LAW 101-649 NO V. 29, 1990 104 ST AT . 4987SEC. 112. TRANSITION FOR SPO USE S A ND MINOR CHILDR EN OF 8 USC1153 note.LEGALIZED ALIENS.

( a ) AD D I T I O NAL V I S A N U M B E R S . (1) IN GENERAL.In a d d i t i o n t o a n y i m m i g r a n t v i s a s o t h e r w i s e a v a i l a b l e , i m m i g r a n t v i s a n u m b e r s shedl be ava i lab le inea ch of fiscal ye ar s 1992, 1993, an d 1994 for spous es an d ch ildren of eligible, legalized aliens (as defined in subsection (c)) in anumber equal to 55,000 minus the number ( i f any) computedun de r par ag rap h (2) for the f iscal ye ar .(2 ) O F F S E T . T h e n u m b e r c o m p u t e d u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h f o ra f iscal year is the number ( if any) by w h i c h (A ) the sum of the number of sdiens descr ibed in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of sect ion 201(bX2) of the Immigrat ionand National i ty Act (or, for f iscal year 1992, sect ion 201(b)of such A ct ) w ho w ere i ssued immigrant v isas o r o therw iseacquired the s ta tus of a l iens law ful ly admit ted to theU n i t e d S t a t e s f o r p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e i n t h e p r e v i o u sfiscal year, exceeds(B) 2 39,000.Ob) O R D E R . V i s a niunbers under th i s sec t ion sha l l be made ava i l ab le in the order in w hich a pe t i t ion , in behal f o f each suchim m ig ra nt for classification u nd er sect ion 203(aX2) of th e Im m igra t ion and N at ional i ty A ct , i s f i l ed w i th the A t torney Genera l undersect ion 2 04 of such Act .(c) L E G A U Z E D A L I E N DEFINED.In th i s sec t ion , the te rm " legal izedal ien" means an a l ien law ful ly admit ted for temporary or permanent res idence w ho w as provided(1) t e m p o r a r y o r p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e s t a t u s u n d e r s e c ti o n210 of the I mmigra t ion and N at ional i ty A ct ,(2 ) t e m p o r a r y o r p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e s t a t u s u n d e r s e c ti o n245A of the I mmigra t ion and N at ional i ty A ct , o r(3) pe rm an en t res idence s ta t us un de r sec tion 202 of th eI mmigra t ion Reform and Cont ro l A ct o f 1986.

PART 2EMPLOYMENT-BASED IMMIGRANTSSEC. 121. EMPLOYMENT-BASED IMMIGRANTS.

(a ) I N GENERAL.Section 203 (8 U.S.C. 1153) is am end ed by inse rting after subsect ion (a), as inserted by sect ion 111, the fol lowing newsubsect ion :"(b ) P R E F E R E N C E A L L O C A T IO N FO R E M P L O Y M E N T - B A S E D I M MIGRANTS.Aliens subject to the worldwide level specified in sect ion201(d) for employment-based immigrants in a f iscal year shal l beal lot ted visas a s follows:"(1) P R I O R I T Y W O R K E R S . V i s a s shal l f i rst be made available ina number not to exceed 40,000, plus any visas not required forth e classes specified in p ar ag ra ph s (4) an d (5), to qual if iedi m m i g r a n t s w h o u:e al iens described in any of the fol lowingsubparagraphs (A ) through (C):"(A) A L I E N S W I T H E X T R A O R D I N A R Y ABILITY.-An al ien i sd e s c ri b e d i n t h i s s u b p a r a g r a p h if^"( i ) the a l ien has ext raord inary ab i l i ty in the sc i ences , a r t s , educat ion , bus iness , o r a thle t ics w hich hasb e e n d e m o n s t r a t e d b y s u s t a i n e d n a t i o n a l o r i n t e r n a t i o n a l a c c l a i m a n d w h o s e a c h i e v e m e n t s h a v e b e e n


11/111

1 04 S T A T . 4 9 88 P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 9 9 0recognized in the f ie ld throu g h ex tens iv e docu m entat ion ,"(ii) the al ien seek s to e n t e r the U n i t e d S t a t e s toc o n t i n u e w o r k in the area of ex traordinary abi l i ty , and"(iii) the a l i e n ' s e n t r y i n t o the U n i t e d S t a t e s w i l lsu bs tant ia l ly benef i t p rosp ect iv ely the U n i t e d S t a t e s ."(B) O U T S T A N D I N G P R O F E S S O R S AND RESEARCHERS.An

al ien i s descr ibed in th i s su bp arag rap h if"(i) the al ien is recog nized in ternat ional ly aso u t s t a n d i n g i n a specif ic academic area,"(ii) the al ien has at l e a s t 3 y e a r s of ex p er ience int e a c h i n g o r r e s e a r c h i n t h e a c a d e m i c a r e a , a n d"(iii) the al ien seek s to e n t e r the U n i t e d S t a t e s "(I) for a tenu red p os i t ion (or tenu re- t rack p os i t ion) wi th in a u niv ers i ty or i n s t i t u t i o n of h i g h e redu cat ion to teach in the academ ic area ,"(II) for a com p arable p os i t ion wi th a u niv ers i tyor ins t i tu t ion of h i g h e r e d u c a t i o n to c o n d u c t research in the area , or"(III) for a com p arable p os i t ion to condu ct res e a r c h in t h e a r e a w i t h a dep ar tm ent , d iv i s ion, ori n s t i t u t e of a p r iv ate em p loyer , if t h e d e p a r t m e n t ,divis ion, or ins t i tu te em p loys at l e a s t 3 p e r s o n sfull-time in research act iv i t i es and has achiev edd o c u m e n t e d a c c o m p l i s h m e n t s in a n a c a d e m i c field."(C) C E R T A I N M U L T I N A T I O N A L E X E C U T I V E S AND M A N AGERS.An al ien is described in t h i s s u b p a r a g r a p h if t h eal ien , in the 3 y e a r s p r e c e d i n g the t i m e of the a l i e n ' sap p l icat ion for c lass i f icat ion and adm iss ion in to the Uni tedS t a t e s u n d e r t h i s s u b p a r a g r a p h , h a s b e e n e m p l o y e d for atleas t 1 yea r by a f i rm or corp orat ion or o ther leg al ent i ty oran af f i l i a te or su bs id iary thereof and who seek s to enter theU n i t e d S t a t e s in o r d e r to c o n t i n u e to render serv ices to thes a m e e m p l o y e r or to a su bs id iary or afiRliate t h e r e o f in acap aci ty that i s m anag er ia l or ex ecu t iv e ."(2) A L I E N S W H O A R E M E M B E R S OF T H E P R O F ES S I O N S H O L D IN GADVANCED D E G R E E S O R A L I E N S O F E X C E PT I O N A L A B I L I T Y . "(A) IN GENERAL.Visas s h a l l be m a d e a v a i l a b l e , in anumber not to exceed 40,000, plus any visas not required forthe classes specified in p a r a g r a p h (1), to qualified imm i g r a n t s w h o are m e m b e r s of the professions holding adv anced deg rees or t h e i r e q u i v a l e n t or who becau se of t h e i rex cep t ional abi l i ty in the sciences , ar ts , or bu s iness , wi l lsu bs tant ia l ly benef i t p rosp ect iv ely the n a t i o n a l e c o n o m y ,c u l t u r a l or e d u c a t i o n ^ i n t e r e s t s , or welfare of t h e U n i t e dS tates , and whose serv ices in the sciences, ar ts , professions,o r b u s i n e s s a r e s o u g h t b y a n e m p l o y e r i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ."(B) W A I V E R O F J O B OFFER.The Attorney CJeneral may,w h e n he d e e m s it to b e in t h e n a t i o n a l i n t e r e s t , w a i v e t h er e q u i r e m e n t of s u b p a r a g r a p h (A ) t h a t an al ien ' s serv ices inthe sc iences , ar ts , or bu s iness be sou g ht by an e m p l o y e r int h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ."(C) D E T E R M I N A T I O N O F E X C E P T I O N A L ABILITY.In determ i n i n g u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h (A ) w h e t h e r an i m m i g r a n t h a sex cep t ional abi l i ty , the possession of a deg ree, d ip lom a,certi f icate, or s im i lar award f rom a college, universi ty,school, or o t h e r i n s t i t u t i o n of l e a r n i n g or a l i cense to p r a c -


12/111

P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 99 0 1 04 S T A T . 4 98 9tice or cert i f ication for a p ar t icu lar p rofess ion or occu p at ionshall not by i tself be considered suff icient evidence of s u c hex cep t ional abi l i ty . /"(3) S K I L L E D W O R K E R S , P R O F E S S I O N A L S , A N D O T H E R W O R K E R S . "(A) I N GENERAL.Visas s h a l l be m a d e a v a i l a b l e , in anu m be r no t to ex ceed 40,000, p lu s an y v i sas not req u i red forthe classes specif ied in paragraphs (1) and (2) , to the following c lasses of a l iens who are not descr ibed in p a r a g r a p h ( 2 ) :"(i) S K I L L E D WORKERS.Qualified i m m i g r a n t s whoa r e c a p a b l e , at the t ime of peti t ioning for class if icationu n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h , of p erform ing sk i l led labor( req u i r ing at l e a s t 2 y e a r s t r a i n i n g or ex p er ience) , notof a t e m p o r a r y or s e a s o n a l n a t u r e , for which q u al i f iedw o r k e r s a r e n o t a v a i l a b l e i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ."(ii) PROFESSIONALS.Qualified i m m i g r a n t s w h o h o l db a c c a l a u r e a t e d^rees and who are m e m b e r s of theprofessions."(ui) O T H E R WORKERS.Other qualified immigrants

w h o are c a p a b l e , at the t i m e of p e t i t i o n i n g for classif i c a t i o n u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h , of p erform ing u nsk i l ledlabor, not of a t e m p o r a r y or s e a s o n a l n a t u r e , f o r w h i c hq u al i f ied work ers are not a v a i l a b l e in the U n i t e dS t a t e s ."(B) L I M I T A T I O N ON O T H E R WORKERS.Not m o r e t h a n10,000 of t h e v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h ina n y f i s c a l y e a r m a y be a v a i l a b l e for q u a l i f i e d i m m i g r a n t sdescribed in subparagraph (AXii i )-"(C) L A B O R C E R T I F I C A T I O N REQUIRED.An i m m i g r a n t v i s am a y n o t b e i s s u e d t o a n i m m i g r a n t u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h ( A )u n t i l the consular off icer is in r e c e i p t of a d e t e r m i n a t i o nm a d e by t h e S e c r e t a r y of L a b o r p u r s u a n t to the p rov is ionsof section 212(aX5XA)."(4) C E R T A I N S P E CI AL IMMIGRANTS.Visas shal l be m ade av ai l a b l e , in a n u m b e r not to exceed 10,000, to quali f ied speciali m m i g r a n t s d e s c r i b e d in section 101(aX27) (other than thosedescr ibed in su b p ar ag r ap h (A) or (B) thereof), of wh ich n ot m oret h a n 5,000 m a y be m a d e a v a i l a b l e in any f i scal year to sp ecia li m m i g r a n t s d e s c r i b e d in s u b c l a u s e (II) or (ni) of sect ion101(aX27XCXii)."(5) E M P L O Y M E N T C R E A T I O N ."(A) IN GENERAL.Visas s h a l l be m a d e a v a i l a b l e , in an u m b e r n o t to exceed 10,000, to q u al i f ied im m ig rants seek in g to e n t e r t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s for t h e p u r p o s e of e n g a g i n gin a n e w c o m m e r c i a l e n t e r p r i s e "(i) w h i c h t h e a l i e n h a s e s t a b l i s h e d ,"(ii) in which su ch a l ien has inv es ted (af ter the dateo f t h e e n a c t m e n t o f t h e I m m i g r a t i o n A c t of 1990) or , isactively in the p rocess of inv es t ing , cap i ta l in ana m o u n t n o t l e s s t h a n t h e a m o u n t s p e c i f i e d in s u b p a r a g r a p h (C), a n d"(i i i ) which will benefi t the U n i t e d S t a t e s e c o n o m yand create fu l l - t im e em p loym ent for n o t f e w e r t h a n 10U n i t e d S t a t e s c i t i z e n s or al iens lawfu l ly adm i t ted forp e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e or o t h e r i m m i g r a n t s l a w f u l l y a u thor ized to be em p loyed in the U n i t e d S t a t e s ( o t h e r

t h a n t h e i m m i g r a n t a n d t h e i m m i g r a n t ' s s p o u s e , s o n s ,o r d a u g h t e r s ) .


13/111

104 STAT. 4990 PUBLIC LAW 101-649NOV. 29, 1990"(B) S E T - A S I D E FOR T A R G E T T E D E M PL O Y M E N T A R E A S . "(i) IN GENERAL.Not less than 3,000 of the visasmade available under this paragraph in each fiscalyear shall be reserved for qualified immigrants whoestablish a new commercial enterprise described insubparagraph (A) which will create employment in atargetted employment area.

"(ii) T A R G E T T E D E M P L O Y M E N T A R E A DEFINED.In thisparagraph, the term 'targetted emplojmient area'means, at the time of the investment, a rural area or,an area which has experienced high unemployment (ofat least 150 percent of the national average ra te ) ,"(iii) R U R A L A R E A DEFINED.In this paragraph, theterm 'rural area' means any area other than an areawithin a metropolitan statistical area or within theouter boundary of any city or town having a populationof 20,000 or more (based on the most recent decennialcensus of the United States)."(C) A M O U N T OF C A P I T A L R E Q U I R E D . "(i) IN GENERAL.Except as otherwise provided inthis subparagraph, the amount of capital requiredunder subparagraph (A) shall be $1,000,000. The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary ofLabor and the Secretary of State, may from time totime prescribe regulations increasing the dollaramount specified under the previous sentence."(ii) A D J U S T M E N T FOR T A R G E T T E D E M P L O Y M E N TAREAS.The Attorney General may, in the case ofinvestment made in a targetted employment area,specify an amount of capital required under subparagraph (A) that is less than (but not less than Vz of) the

amount specified in clause (i)."(iii) A D J U S T M E N T FOR H I G H E M P L O Y M E N T AREAS.Inthe case of an investment made in a part of a metropolitan statistical area that at the time of the investment"(I) is not a targetted employment area, and"(II) is an area with an unemplo5mient ratesignificantly below the national average unemployment rate,the Attorney (general may specify an amount of capitalrequired under subparagraph (A) that is greater than(but not greater than 3 times) the amount specified inclause (i).".(b) D E T E R R I N G I M M I G R A T I O N - R E L A T E D E N T R E P R E N E U R S H I PF R A U D . (1) C O N D I T I O N A L BASIS FOR P E R M A N E N T R E S I D E N T S T A T U S BASEDON E S T A B L I S H M E N T OF C O M M E R C I A L ENTERPRISES.Chapter 2 oftitle II is amended by inserting after section 216 the followingnew section:" C O N D I T I O N A L P E R M A N E N T R E S I D E N T S T A T U S FOR C E R T A I N A L I E NE N T R E P R E N E U R S , S P O U S E S , AND C H I L D R E N

8 use 1186b. "SEC. 216A. (a) IN G E N E R A L . "(1) C O N D I T I O N A L BASIS FOR STATUS. Notwithstanding any

other provision of this Act, an alien entrepreneur (as defined in


14/111

P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 99 0 1 04 S T A T . 4 9 91subsection (fXD), alien spouse, and al ien ch i ld (as defined insubsection (fX2)) shall be considered, at t h e t i m e of o b t a i n i n g t h es ta tu s of an a l ien lawfu l ly adm i t ted for p erm anent res idence, toh a v e o b t a i n e d s u c h s t a t u s on a condi t ional bas i s su bj ect to theprovis ions of this section."(2) N O T I C E O F R E Q U IR E M E N T S .

"(A) AT T I M E OF O B T A I N I N G P E R M A N E N T RESIDENCE.Att h e t i m e an a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r , a l i e n s p o u s e , or al ien ch i ldo b t a i n s p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s on a condi t ional bas i su n d e r p a r a g r a p h (1 ), t h e A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l p ro v i d e fo rnot ice to s u c h an e n t r e p r e n e u r , s p o u s e , or chi ld resp ect ingthe p rov is ions of th i s sect ion and the r e q u i r e m e n t s of- su bsect ion (cXl) to h a v e t h e c o n d i t i o n a l b a s i s o f s u c h s t a t u s ir e m o v e d ."(B) AT T I M E OF R E Q U I R E D PETITION.In addition, theAttorney Greneral shal l a t tem p t to p rov ide not ice to su ch ane n t r e p r e n e u r , s p o u s e , or chi ld, at or abou t the beg inning ofthe 90-day period described in subsection (d)(2)(A), of therequirements of subsection (c)(1) ."(C) E F F E C T O F F A I L U R E T O P R O V I D E NOTICE.The failureof the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l to p rov ide a n o t i c e u n d e r t h i sp a r a g r a p h s h a l l not affect th e e n f o r c e m e n t of the p rov i - ss ions of th i s sect ion wi th resp ect to s u c h an e n t r e p r e n e u r ,spouse, or chi ld. ^

"(b) T E R M I N A T I O N OF S T A T U S IF F I N D I N G T H A T Q U A U F Y I N GE N T R E P R E N E U R S H I P I M P R O P E R . "(1) IN GENERAL.In the case of a n a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r w i t hp e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s o n a condi t ional bas i s u nder su bsection (a), if t h e A t t o r n e y Grenergil determ ines , before the seconda n n i v e r s a r y of t h e a l i e n ' s o b t a i n i n g t h e s t a t u s of lawful admiss io n fo r p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e , that" ( A ) t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t of t h e c o m m e r c i a l e n t e r p r i s e weisin tended sole ly as a m e a n s o f e v a d i n g t h e i m m i g r a t i o n l a w so f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ,"(BXi) a c o m m e r c i a l e n t e r p r i s e w a s n o t e s t a b l i s h e d b y t h eal ien ,"(ii) the a l i e n did not i n v e s t or w a s not actively in thep rocess of inv es t ing t h e req u is i te cap i ta l ; or"( i i i ) the a l ien was not su s ta in ing the act ions descr ibed inclau se (i) or (ii) t h r o u g h o u t the period of the a l ien ' s res i d e n c e i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , o r

"(C) the a l i e n was o t h e r w i s e not conform ing to th ere qu ire m en ts of section 203(b)(5),t h e n the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l so notify the al ien inv olv edand, su bj ect to p a r a g r a p h (2 ), s h a l l t e r m i n a t e the p e r m a n e n tr e s i d e n t s t a t u s of the a l i e n (and the al ien sp ou se and a l i e nchi ld) inv olv ed as of th e date of th e det erm ina t ion ."(2) H E A R I N G IN DEPORTATION PROCEEDING.Any al ien whosep e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s is t e r m i n a t e d u n d e r p a r a g r a p h (1)m a y r e q u e s t a rev iew of s u c h d e t e r m i n a t i o n in a p roceeding tod e p o r t t h e a l i e n . In s u c h p r o c e e d i n g , t h e b u r d e n of p roof shal lb e o n t h e A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l to es tabl i sh , by a p r e p o n d e r a n c e oft h e e v i d e n c e , t h a t a condi t ion descr ibed in p a r a g r a p h ( 1 ) is m e t ."(c) R E Q U I R E M E N T S OF T I M E L Y P E T I T I O N A N D I N T E R V I E W F O R RE M O V AL O F C O N D I T I O N .


15/111

10 4 S T A T . 4 99 2 P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990"(1) IN GENERAL.In o r d e r for the condi t ional bas i s es tabl i shed u nder su bsect ion (a) for an a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r , a l i e n' sp ou se, or al ien ch i ld to be removed"(A) the a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r m u s t s u b m i t to the A t t o r n e y. G e n e r a l , d u r i n g the p er iod descr ibed in subsection (d)(2), ap e t i t i o n w h i c h r e q u e s t s the r e m o v a l of su ch condi t ionalb a s i s and w h i c h s t a t e s , u n d e r p e n a l t y of p er j u ry , the facts' and inform at ion descr ibed in subsection (dXl), and"(B) in accordance with subsection (dX3), the a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r m u s t a p p e a r for a p ersonal in terv iew before anofficer or em p loyee of the S erv ice resp ect ing the facts andinform at ion descr ibed in subsection (d)(1).

"(2) T E R M I N A T I O N OF P ER M A N EN T R ESID EN T STA TU S F O R FAILU R E TO FILE PETITION OR HAVE PERSONAL INTERVIEW."(A) I N GENERAL.In the c a s e of an a l i e n w i t h p e r m a n e n tr e s i d e n t s t a t u s on a condi t ional beisis u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n (a),if "(i) no p et i t ion is f i led with respect to the a l i e n in/ a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the provis ions of p arag rap h ( IXA), or"(ii) u n l e s s t h e r e is g ood cau se shown, the al ien^ e n t r e p r e n e u r f a i l s to a p p e a r at the in terv iew descr ibedi n p a r a g r a p h (IXB) (if required under subsection (d)(3)) ,t h e A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l t e r m i n a t e the p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s of the a l i e n as of the s e c o n d a n n i v e r s a r y of theal ien ' s lawfu l adm iss ion for p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e .

"(B) H E A R I N G IN D E P O R T A T I O N PROCEEDING.In anydep or ta t ion p roceeding wi th resp ect to an a l i e n w h o s ep e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s is t e r m i n a t e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h (A), the b u r d e n of p roof shal l be on the a l i e n toes tabl i sh com p liance wi th the condi t ions of p a r a g r a p h s(IXA) and (IXB)."(3) D E T E R M I N A T I O N A FT E R P E T IT I O N A N D I N T E R V I E W ."(A) IN GENERAL.If"(i) a p et i t ion is filed in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h the provis ions of p arag rap h ( IXA), and"(ii) the a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r a p p e a r s at iny in terv iewdescr ibed in paragraph (1)(B),t h e A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l m a k e a d e t e r m i n a t i o n , w i t h i n90 days of the d a t e of the such filing or in terv iew (whiche v e r is l a t e r ) , as to w h e t h e r the facts and i n f o r m a t i o ndescribed in su bsect ion (dXl) and alleged in the p et i t ion aret r u e w i t h r e s p e c t to the qualif)dng c o m m e r c i a l e n t e r p r i s e .

"(B) R E M O V A L OF C O N D I T I O N A L B A S IS IF F A VO R A B L E D ET E R MINATION.If the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l d e t e r m i n e s t h a t s u c hfacts and i n f o r m a t i o n are t r u e , the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l lso notify the alien involved and s h a l l r e m o v e the condit ional bas i s of the alien 's s tatus effective as of the seconda n n i v e r s a r y of the al ien ' s obta in ing the s t a t u s of lawfuladm iss ion for p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e ."(C) T E R M I N A T I O N IF A D V E R S E D E T E R M I N A T I O N . I f th eA t t o r n e y G e n e r a l d e t e r m i n e s t h a t s u c h f a c t s and inform at ion are not t r u e , the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l so notify thealien involved and, subject to s u b p a r a g r a p h (D), s h a l l t e r m i n a t e the p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s of an a l i e n e n t r e p reneu r , a l ien sp ou se, or al ien ch i ld as of the d a t e of thed e t e r m i n a t i o n .


16/111

P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990 104 S T A T . 4 9 9 3"(D) H E A R I N G IN D EP O RT AT I O N P R O C E E D I N G . A n y a l i e nw h o s e p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s is t e r m i n a t e d u n d e rs u b p a r a g r a p h (C) may r e q u e s t a review of s u c h d e t e r m i n a t ion in a p roceeding to d e p o r t the a l i e n . In su ch p roceeding ,t h e b u r d e n of p roof shal l be on the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l toe s t a b l i s h , by a p r e p o n d e r a n c e of the e v i d en c e , t h a t the factsand inform at ion descr ibed in subsection (dXD and alleged int h e p e t i t i o n are not t r u e w i t h r e s p e c t to the qualifjdngc o m m e r c i a l e n t e r p r i s e .

"(d) DETAILS OF PETITION AND I N T E R V I E W . "(1) C O N T E N T S OP PETITION.Each p et i t ion u nder su bsect ion ((cXlXA) shal l conta in facts Uid i n f o r m a t i o n d e m o n s t r a t i n gt h a t "(A) a c o m m e r c i a l e n t e r p r i s e was e s t a b l i s h e d by theal ien;I "(B) the al ien inv es ted or was act iv ely in the p rocess ofinv es t ing the req u is i te cap i ta l ; and"(C) the a l i e n s u s t a i n e d the act ions descr ibed in s u b p a r a g r a p h s (A) and (B) t h r o u g h o u t the p er iod of the a l i e n ' sr e s i d e n c e in the U n i t e d S t a t e s ."(2) PERIOD FOR FiuNG PETITION.

"(A) 90-DAY PERIOD BEFORE SECOND ANNIVERSARY.ExCeptas provided in s u b p a r a g r a p h (B), the p et i t ion u nder su bsect ion (cXlXA) m u s t be f i led during the 90-day period beforet h e s e c o n d a n n i v e r s a r y of the a l i e n ' s o b t a i n i n g the s t a t u s oflawfu l adm iss ion for p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e ."(B) D A T E P E T I T I O N S FOR GOOD CAUSE.Such a p et i t ionm a y be cons idered if f i led after such date, but only if thea l i e n e s t a b l i s h e s to the satisfaction of the A t t o r n e y General' = good cause and e x t e n u a t i n g c i r c um s t a n c e s for fa i lu re to filet h e p e t i t i o n d u r i n g the p er iod descr ibed in s u b p a r a g r a p h(A)."(C) FlUNG OF PETITIONS DURING DEPORTATION.In thecase of an a l i e n who is the subject of d e p o r t a t i o n h e a r i n g sa s a r e s u l t of fa i lu re to file a p et i t ion on a t i m e l y b a s i s ina c c o r d a n c e w i t h s u b p a r a g r a p h (A), the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a lm a y s t a y s u c h d e p o r t a t i o n p r o c e e d i n g s a g a i n s t an a l i e np e n d i n g the filing of the p e t i t i o n u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h (B)."(3) P E R S O N A L I N T E R V I E W . T h e i n t e r v i e w u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n(cXlXB) s h a l l be c o n d u c t e d w i t h i n 90 days af ter the d a t e ofs u b m i t t i n g a p et i t ion u nder su bsect ion (cXlXA) and at a local

office of the S erv ice , des ig nated by the A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l , w h i c his conv enient to the p ar t ies inv olv ed. The A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l , int h e A t t o r n e y (Jeneral's discret ion, may w a i v e the d e a d l i n e fors u c h an i n t e r v i e w or the r e q u i r e m e n t for s u c h an i n t e r v i e w insu ch cases as may be a p p r o p r i a t e ."(e) T R E A T M E N T OF P E R I O D FOR P U R P O S E S OF N A T U R A L I Z A T I O N . F o r p u r p o s e s of t i t l e III, in the case of an a l i e n who is in the U n i t e dS t a t e s as a l a w f u l p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t on a c o n d i t i o n a l b a s i s u n d e rth i s sect ion, the a l i e n s h a l l be cons idered to h a v e b e e n a d m i t t e d asan a l ien lawfu l ly adm i t ted for p e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e and to be in theU n i t e d S t a t e s as an al ien lawfu l ly adm i t ted to the U n i t e d S t a t e s forp e r m a n e n t r es i d en c e . *"(f) DEFINITIONS.In th i s sect ion:"(1) The t e r m ' a l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r ' m e a n s an a l i e n who obt a i n s the s t a t u s of an al ien lawfu l ly adm i t ted for p e r m a n e n t


17/111

1 04 S T A T . 4 99 4 P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990r e s i d e n c e ( w h e t h e r on a condi t ional bas i s or o t h e r w i s e ) u n d e ri section 203(bX5)."(2) The t e r m ' a l i e n s p o u s e ' and the t e r m ' a l i e n c h i l d ' m e a na n a l i e n w h o o b t a i n s the s t a t u s of an al ien lawfu l ly adm i t ted forp e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e ( w h e t h e r on a condi t ional bas i s or o t h e r wise) by v i r t u e of b e i n g the sp ou se or chi ld, respectively, of ana l i e n e n t r e p r e n e u r . " .(2) A D D I T I O N A L G R O U N D FOR DEPORTATION.For a d d i t i o n a lg r o u n d of exclusion for t e r m i n a t i o n of permsment res idence ona condi t ional bas i s u nder sect ion 216A of the I m m i g r a t i o n andN a t i o n a l i t y A c t , see section 241(aXlXD) of su ch Act , as a m e n d e dby section 602(a) of t h i s Act.

(3) C R I M I N A L P E N A L T Y FOR I M M I G R A T I O N - R E L A T E DE N T R E P R E N E U R S H I P FRAUD.Section 275 (8 U.S.C. 1325) isa m e n d e d by a d d i n g at the end the following new su bsect ion:"(c) Any indiv idu al who k nowing ly es tabl i shes a c o m m e r c i a le n t e r p r i s e for the p u r p o s e of e v a d i n g any provis ion of the i m m i g r a t ion laws shal l be i m p r i s o n e d for not m o r e t h a n 5 years , f ined inaccordance wi th t i t le 18, Un i ted S ta te s Code, or b o t h . " .(4) L I M I T A T I O N ON A D J U S T M E N T OF STATUS.Section 245 (8U.S.C. 1255) is a m e n d e d by a d d i n g at the end the following newsu bsect ion:"(f) The Attorney G e n e r a l may not adj u s t , u nder su bsect ion (a),t h e s t a t u s of an silien lawfu l ly adm i t ted to the U n i t e d S t a t e s forp e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n c e on a condi t ional bas i s u nder sect ion 216A." .(5) C O N F O R M I N G AMENDMENT.The t a b l e of c o n t e n t s isa m e n d e d by inser t ing af ter the i t e m r e l a t i n g to sect ion 216 thefollowing new i tem:"Sec. 216A. C!onditional permanent resident status for certain alien entrepreneurs,spouses, and children.".

8 u s e 1182 note. SEC . 122. CHANG ES IN LABOR CERTIFICATION PROCESS.(a) L A B O R M A R K E T I N F O R M A T I O N P I L O T P R O G R A M FOR E M P L O Y M E N T - B A S E D I M M I G R A N T S . ( 1 ) The S e c r e t a r y of Labor shal l es tablish a p i lo t p rog ram which p rov ides for a d e t e r m i n a t i o n , in accorda n c e w i t h s e c t i o n 553 of t i t l e 5, U n i t e d S t a t e s C o d e , of labor shor t ag es or s u r p l u s e s in up to 10 defined occupational class if ications int h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . In m a k i n g s u c h d e t e r m i n a t i o n s , the S e c r e t a r yshall consider cert i f ications approved under section 212(aX5XA) oft h e I m m i g r a t i o n and N a t i o n a l i t y Act and l a b o r m a r k e t and o t h e rinform at ion .(2XA) If u n d e r the p i l o t p r o g r a m t h e r e is a d e t e r m i n a t i o n t h a tt h e r e is a labor shor tag e wi th resp ect to an occupational class if icat i o n , a certi f ication under section 212(aX5XA) of the I m m i g r a t i o na n d N a t i o n a l i t y Act for p et i t ions for that occu p at ional c lass i f icat ions h a l l be d e e m e d to hav e been i s su ed.(B) If u n d e r the p i l o t p r o g r a m t h e r e is a d e t e r m i n a t i o n t h a t t h e r eis a labor su rp lu s wi th resp ect to an occupational class if ication, theS e c r e t a r y of L a b o r may n o n e t h e l e s s m a k e a cer t i f icat ion u ndersection 212(a)(5XA) of the I m m i g r a t i o n and N a t i o n a l i t y Act w i t hr e g a r d to a specif ic job opportuni ty in the occupational class if icationif the em p loyer su bm i ts ev idence, bsised on e x t e n s i v e r e c r u i t m e n tefforts (including such efforts as the S e c r e t a r y may req u i re) , dem

o n s t r a t i n g t h a t the e m p l o y e r m e e t s all the r e q u i r e m e n t s for certificat ion u nder su ch sect ion .


18/111

P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 99 0 1 04 S T A T . 4 9 9 5(3) T he p i lo t p rog ram u n de r th i s su bsect ion sha l l only be effect iv efor applications for cert i f ications f i led during the 3-fiscal-year p er iodbeg inning wi th f i scal year 1992.(4) By not la te r th a n A pri l 1, 1994, th e S ec reta ry of La bor sh all Reports,r e p o r t t o t h e C o m m i t t e e s o n E d u c a t i o n a n d L a b o r a n d J u d i c i a r y o ft h e H o u s e o f R e p r e s e n t a t i v e s a n d t h e C o m m i t t e e s o n L a b o r a n d

H u m a n R e s o u r c es a n d t h e J u d i c i a r y of t h e S e n a t e o n t h e o p e r a t i o no f t h e p il o t p r o g r a m u n d e r t h i s s u b se c t io n a n d w h e t h e r t h e p r o g r a mshou ld be ex tended and the nu m ber of def ined occu p at ional c lass i f icat ions p erm i t ted u nder the p rog ram i f i t i s ex tended.(b) N O T I C E I N L A B O R CERTIFICATIONS.The S e c r e t a r y o f L a b o rshal l p rov ide, in the labor cer t i f icat ion p rocess u nder sect ion212(aX5XA) o f t h e I m m i g r a t i o n a n d Nationsdity Act, that(1) no cer ti f icat ion m ay be m a de u nle ss th e ap p l ic ant forcert i f ication has, at the t ime of f i l ing the application, providednot ice of the f i l ing (A) to the barg ain ing rep resentat iv e ( i f any)of the em p loyer ' s em p loyees in the occu p at ional c lass i f icat ionand area for which a l iens are sou g ht , or (B) i f there i s no su chbarg ain ing rep resentat iv e , to em p loyees em p loyed a t the faci l i tythrou g h p os t ing in consp icu ou s locat ions ; and(2 ) a n y p e r s o n m a y s u b m i t d o c u m e n t a r y e v i de n c e b e a r i n g o nthe application for cert i f ication (such as information on avai lable work ers , inform at ion on wag es and work ing condi t ions ,a n d i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e e m p l o y e r ' s f a i l u r e t o m e e t t e r m s a n dcondi t ions wi th resp ect to the em p loym ent of a l ien work ers andco-workers).

SEC. 123. DEFINITIONS OF MANAGERIAL CAPACITY AND EXECUTIVECAPACITY.Section 101(a) (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)) is amended by adding at the end

the following:"(44XA) T h e t e r m ' m a n a g e r i a l c a p a c i t y ' m e a n s a n a s s i g n m e n tw i t h i n a n o r g a n i z a t i o n i n w h i c h t h e e m p l o y e e p r i m a r i l y "(i) msuiages the org anizat ion, or a dep ar tm ent , su bdiv i s ion,fu nct ion, or com p onent of the org anizat ion;"(ii) su p erv ises and controls the work of o ther su p erv isory ,p rofess ional , or m anag er ia l em p loyees , or m anag es an essent ia lfu nct ion wi th in the org anizat ion, or a dep ar tm ent or su bdiv i s ion of th e org anizat ion;"(iii) i f another em p loyee or o ther em p loyees are d i rect lysu p erv ised, has the au thor i ty to h i re and f i re or recom m endthose as wel l as o ther p ersonnel act ions ( su ch as p rom otion andleav e au thor izat ion) or , i f no o ther em p loyee i s d i rect ly su p erv i sed, fu nct ions a t a senior lev el wi th in the org anizat ionalh ierarchy or wi th resp ect to the fu nct ion m anag ed; and"(iv) ex erci ses d i scret ion ov er the day- to- day op erat ions of theact iv i ty or fu nct ion for which the em p loyee has au thor i ty .A f i rs t- l ine supervisor is not considered to be acting in a managerialcap aci ty m erely by v i r tu e of the su p erv isor ' s su p erv isory du t iesu nless the em p loyees su p erv ised are p rofess ional ." (B ) T h e t e r m e x e c u t iv e c a p a c i t y ' m e a n s a n a s s i g n m e n t w i t h i n a no r g a n i z a t io n i n w h i c h t h e e m p l o y e e p r im a r i l y "(i) d i r e c t s t h e m a n a g e m e n t o f t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n o r a m a j o rcom p onent or fu nct ion of the org anizat ion;

"(i i ) es tablishes the goals and policies of the organization,com p onent , or fu nct ion;


19/111

1 04 S T A T . 4 99 6 P U B L I C LAW 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29, 1990"(iii) ex erci ses wide la t i tu de in discret ionary deci s ion- m ak ing ;a n d"(iv) receives only genered su p erv is ion or direction fromhig h er lev el ex ecu tiv es , the boa rd of d i rectors , or s t o c k h o l d e r s ofthe org anizat ion ."(C) If staffing levels are used as a factor in d e t e r m i n i n g w h e t h e ran indiv idu al is a c t i n g in a m a n a g e r i a l or executive capaci ty, the

A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l t a k e i n t o a c c o u n t the r e a s o n a b l e n e e d s ofthe org anizat ion, com p onent , or function in l i g h t of the ov eral lp u r p o s e and s t a g e of d e v e l o p m e n t of the org anizat ion, com p onent , orfunction. An indiv idu al shal l not be cons idered to be a c t i n g in am a n a g e r i a l or ex ecu t iv e cap aci ty (as previously defined) m e r e l y ont h e b a s i s of the n u m b e r of e m p l o y e e s t h a t the indiv idu al su p erv iseso r has su p erv ised or d i r e c t s or has di rected ." .8 us e 1153 note. SEC. 124. TRANSITION FOR EMPLOYEES OF CERTAIN UNITED STATES

BUSINESSES OPERATING IN HONG KONG.(a) AD D I T I O NAL V I S A N U M B E R S . (1) T R E A T M E N T OF P R I N C I P A L S . I n the case of any a l i e n de

scribed in p a r a g r a p h (3) w i t h r e s p e c t to w h o m a classificationp et i t ion has been f i led and ap p rov ed u nder su bsect ion (b) , theres h a l l be made av ai lable , in addi t ion to the i m m i g r a n t v i s a sotherwise av ai lable in e a c h of fiscal years 1991 t h r o u g h 1993a n d w i t h o u t r e g a r d to section 202(a) of the I m m i g r a t i o n andN a t i o n a l i t y A c t , up to 12,000 addi t ional im m ig rant v i sas .(2) D ERI VAT I VE R E L A T I V E S . A sp ou se or chi ld (as defined insection 101(b)(1) (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) of the I m m i g r a t i o n andN a t i o n a l i t y A c t ) s h a l l , if not o t h e r w i s e e n t i t l e d to an i m m i g r a n ts t a t u s and the i m m e d i a t e i s s u a n c e of a v isa u nder th i s sect ion,be ent i t led to the s a m e s t a t u s , and the s a m e o r d e r of considerat ion, p rov ided u nder th i s sect ion, if a c c o m p a n y i n g , or followingto j o in , the al ien ' s sp ou se or p a r e n t .(3) E M P L O Y E E S OF C E R T A I N U N I T E D S T A T E S B U S I N E S S E S O P E R A T IN G IN HONG KONG.An al ien is described in t h i s p a r a g r a p h ift h e al ien(A) is a r e s i d e n t of H o n g K o n g and is em p loyed in H o n gK o n g (and has b e e n so em p loyed du r ing the 12 p rev iou s ,consecu t iv e m onths) as an officer or s u p e r v i s o r or in ac a p a c i t y t h a t is m a n a g e r i a l , e x e c u t i v e , or involves specialized knowledge, by a b u s i n e s s e n t i t y w h i c h (i) is o w n e d andorg anized in the U n i t e d S t a t e s (or is the subsidiary oraffiliate of a bu s iness owned and org anized in the U n i t e dS t a t e s ) , (ii) em p loys at l e a s t 100 em p loyees in the U n i t e dS t a t e s and at l e a s t 50 em p loyees ou ts ide the U n i t e d S t a t e s ,a n d (iii) has a g r o s s a n n u a l i n c o m e of at least $50,000,000,and /(B) has an offer of emplo5rment from such business enti tyin the U n i t e d S t a t e s as an officer or su p erv isor or in ac a p a c i t y t h a t is m a n a g e r i a l , e x e c u t i v e , or involves specialized knowledge, which offer (i) is effective from the t i m e off i l ing the peti t ion for classif ication under this sectiont h r o u g h and i n c l u d i n g the t i m e of e n t r y i n t o the U n i t e dS t a t e s and (ii) provides for s a l a r y and benef i ts com p arableto the s a l a r y and benefi ts provided to o t h e r s w i t h s i m i l a rresponsibi l i t ies and e x p e r i e n c e w i t h i n the s a m e c o m p a n y .0)) P E T I T I O N S. A n y em p loyer des i r ing and i n t e n d i n g to em p loy

w i t h i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s an al ien descr ibed in subsection (aX3) may


20/111

P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 2 9 , 1 9 9 0 1 0 4 S T A T . 4 9 9 7f i le a p et i t ion wi th the At torney General for su ch c lass i f icat ion . Nov isa m ay be is su ed u n de r su bsect ion (aXD u n t i l su ch a p et i t ion h asb e e n a p p r o v e d .(c) AuLOCATiON.Visa n u m b e r s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r s u b s e c t i o n( a ) s h a l l b e m a d e a v a i l a b l e i n t h e o r d e r w h i c h p e t i t i o n s u n d e rsubsection (b) sire f i l e d w i t h t h e A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l .

(d) DEFINITIONS.In th i s sect ion:(1) E X E C U T I V E CAPACITY.The t e r m " e x e c u t i v e c a p a c i t y " h a sthe meaning given such term in section 101(aX44XB) of theI m m i g r a t i o n a n d N a t i o n a l i t y A c t , a s a d d e d b y s e c ti o n 1 2 3 o fth i s Act .(2 ) M A N A G E R I A L CAPACITY.The t e r m " m a n a g e r i a l c a p a c i t y "has the meaning given such term in section 101(aX44XA) of theI m m i g r a t i o n a n d N a t i o n a l i t y A c t , a s a d d e d b y s e c ti o n 1 2 3 o ft h i s A c t .(3) O F F IC E R . T h e term "off icer" m eans , wi th resp ect to ab u s i n e s s e n t i t y , t h e c h a i r m a n o r v i c e - c h a i r m a n o f t h e b o a r d o fd i r e c t o r s o f t h e e n t i t y , t h e c h a i r m a n o r v i c e - c h a i r m a n o f t h eex ecu t iv e com m it tee of the board of d i rectors , the p res ident , anyv ice- p res ident , any ass i s tant v ice- p res ident , any senior t ru s to ffic er , t h e s e c r e t a r y , a n y a s s i s t a n t s e c r e t a r y , t h e t r e a s u r e r , a n yassistaiit t reasu rer , any t ru s t of f icer or associa te t ru s t ofhcer,the control ler , any ass i s tant control ler , or any o ther of f icer oft h e e n t i t y c u s t o m a r i l y p e r f o r m i n g f u n c t i o n s s i m i l a r t o t h o s eperformed by any of the above off icers .(4) SP EC I ALI Z ED KNOWLEDGE.The term "sp ecia l ized k nowledge" has the meaning given such term in section 214(cX2XB) oft h e I m m i g r a t i o n a n d N a t i o n a l i t y A c t , a s a m e n d e d b y s e c t i o n206(bX2)ofthisAct.(5) SU P E R V I SO R . T h e t e r m " s u p e r v i s o r " m e a n s a n y i n d i v i d u a lh a v i n g a u t h o r i t y , i n t h e i n t e r e s t o f t h e e m p l o y e r , t o h i r e ,transfer , suspend, lay off , recall , promote, discharge, ass ign,reward, or d i sc ip l ine o ther em p loyees , or resp ons ib i l i ty to d i rectthem , or to adj u s t thei r g r iev ances , or ef fect iv ely recom m endsu ch act ion, i f in connect ion wi th the foreg oing the ex erci se ofs u c h a u t h o r i t y i s n o t m e r e l y o f a r o u t i n e o r c l e r i c a l n a t u r e , b u tr e q u i r e s t h e u s e o f i n d e p e n d e n t j u d g m e n t .

PART 3DIVERSITY IMMIGRANTSSEC. 131. DIVERSITY IMMIGRANTS.

S ect ion 203 , as am ended by sect ions 111 and 121 of th i s Act , i sf u r t h e r a m e n d e d b y i n s e r t i n g a f t e r s u b s e c t i o n db) the fo l lowing newsu bsect ion:" (c ) D I VE R S I T Y I M M I G R A N T S . "(1) I N GENERAL.Except as p rov ided in p arag rap h (2) , a l ienssubject to the worldwide level specif ied in section 201(e) ford i v e r s i t y i m m i g r a n t s shsdl be a l lo t ted v i sas each f i scal year asfollows:"(A ) D E T E R M I N A T I O N O F P R E F E R E N C E IMMIGRATION.TheA t t o r n e y Genergd s h a l l d e t e r m i n e f o r t h e m o s t r e c e n t p r e vious 5-fiscal-year p er iod for which data are av ai lable , theto ta l nu m ber of a l iens who are nat iv es of each foreig n s ta tean d wh o (i) we re adm i t ted or o therw ise p rov ided lawfu lp e r m a n e n t r e s i d e n t s t a t u s ( o t h e r t h a n u n d e r t h i s s u b s e c t ion) an d ( ii ) we re su bj ect to the nu m er ic al l im i ta t ion s of


21/111

1 04 S T A T . 4 99 8 P U B L I C L A W 1 0 1 - 6 4 9 N O V . 29 , 1 9 9 0sect io n 20 1 (a) (o ther th an pa rag rap h (3) thereo f ) o r wh ow e r e a d m i t t e d o r o t h e r w i s e p r o v i d e d l a w f u l p e r m a n e n tr e s i d e n t s t a t u s a s a n i m m e d i a t e r e l a t i v e o r o t h e r a l i e ndescribed in section 201(bX2)."(B ) I D E N T I F I C A T I O N O F H I G H - A DM I S S I O N A N D L O W - A D M IS SION REGIONS AND HIGH-ADMISSION AND LOW-ADMISSIONSTATES.The A t t o r n e y General"(i) shall identify"(I ) each regio n (each in th is par ag rap h refer redto as a 'h igh-ad miss io n regio n ' ) fo r which the to ta lof t h e n u m b e r s d e t e rm i n e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h(A) fo r s ta tes in the regio n is grea ter than Ve o f thet o t a l o f a l l s u c h n u m b e r s , a n d"( I I ) each o ther regio n (each in th is paragraphreferred to as a ' low-admission region ') ; and"(ii) shall identify"(I ) each fo re ign s ta te fo r which the n umb erI d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h (A ) i s g r e a t e rthan 50 ,0 0 0 (each such s ta te in th is paragraph

refer red to as a 'h igh-ad miss io n s ta te ' ) , an d"(II) each other foreign state (each such state inth is paragraph refer red to as a ' lo w-ad miss io nsta te ' ) ."(C ) D E T E R M I N A T I O N O F P E R C E N T A G E O F W O R L D W ID EIMMIGRATION ATTRIBUTABLE TO HIGH-ADMISSION REGIONS.T h e A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l d e t e r m i n e t h e p e r c e n t a g e o ft h e t o t a l o f t h e n u m b e r s d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h(A) th a t a re n um b e rs fo r fo re ign s ta te s in h igh-ad m iss io nregio n s ." (D ) D E T E R M I N A T I O N O F R E G I O N A L P O P U L A T I O N S E X CL U D IN G HIGH-ADMISSION STATES AND RATIOS OF POPULATIONS OFREGIONS WITHIN LOW-ADMISSION REGIONS AND HIGH-ADMISSION REGIONS.The A t t o r n e y G e n e r a l s h a l l d e t e r m i n e "( i ) b ased o n ava i lab le es t imates fo r each regio n , theto ta l po pula t io n o f each regio n n o t in c lud in g the po pula t io n o f an y h igh-ad miss io n s ta te ;"( i i) for each low-admission region, the rat io of thepo pula t io n o f the regio n d e termin ed un d er c lause ( i ) tot h e t o t a l o f t h e p o p u l a t i o n s d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r s u c hclause for al l the low-admission regions; and"( i i i) for each high-admission region, the rat io of thepo pula t io n o f the regio n d e termin ed un d er c lause ( i ) tot h e t o t a l o f t h e p o p u l a t i o n s d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r s u c h

clause fo r a l l th e h igh-ad miss io n regio n s ." (E ) D I S T R I B U T I O N O F V I S A S . "(i) No VISAS FOR N A T I V E S OF H I G H - A D M I S S I O NSTATES.The percen tage o f v isas mad e ava i lab le un d ert h i s p a r a g r a p h t o n a t i v e s of a h i g h - a d m i s s i o n s t a t e i s 0 ." (ii) F O R L O W - A D M IS S I O N S T A T E S I N L O W - AD M IS S I O N R E GIONS.Subject to claus es ( iv) an d (v) , th e p erce nta ge ofv i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h t o n a t i v e s(o ther than n a t ives o f a h igh-ad miss io n s ta te) in a lo w-ad miss io n regio n is the pro d uct of"(I) the percentage d e t e r m i n e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h (C), a n d"( I I ) the po pula t io n ra t io fo r tha t regio n d e ter min ed un d er sub paragraph (DXii) .


22/111

PUBLIC LAW 101-649NOV. 29, 1990 104 STAT. 4999"(iii) F O R L O W - A D M I S S I O N S T A T E S I N H I G H - A D M I S S I O NREGIONS.Subject to clause s ( iv) an d (v) , th e perc enta geof v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e u n d e r t h i s p a r a g r a p h t o n a t i v e s(o ther than n a t ives o f a h igh-ad miss io n s ta te) in a h igh-admission region is the product of"(I ) 1 0 0 percen t min us the percen tage d e ter

m i n e d u n d e r s u b p a r a g r a p h ( C), a n d"(11) the po pula t io n ra t io fo r tha t regio n d e ter min ed un d er sub paragraph (DXii i ) ." (iv ) R E D I S T R I B U T I O N O F U N U S E D VISA NUMBERS.Ift h e S e c r e t a r y o f S t a t e e s t i m a t e s t h a t t h e n u m b e r o fimmigran t v isas to b e i ssued to n a t ives in an y regio nfo r a f i sca l y ear un d er th is paragraph is less than then u m b e r o f i m m i g r a n t v i s a s m a d e a v a i l a b l e t o s u c hn at ives un d er th is paragraph fo r the f i sca l y ear , sub jec tto c lause (v), th e excess v isa n u m b er s sh a l l b e m ad eavai lab le to n a t ives (o ther than n a t ives o f a h igh-ad miss io n s ta te) o f the o ther regio n s in pro po r t io n tothe percentages otherwise specif ied in clauses ( i i) and(iii)." (v) L I M I T A T I O N O N V IS A S FO R N A T I V E S O F A S I N G L EF O R E I G N STATE.The percen tage o f visis m a d e a v a i l ab le un d er th is paragraph to n a t ives o f an y s in gleforeign state for any f iscal year shall not exceed 7p e r c e n t ."(F) R E G I O N DEFINED.Only for purposes of administeri n g t h e d i v e r s i t y p r o g r a m u n d e r t h i s s u b s e c t i o n , N o r t h e r nI re lan d sha l l b e t rea ted as a separa te fo re ign s ta te , eachco lo n y o r o ther co mpo n en t o r d epen d en t a rea o f a fo re ignsta te o verseas f ro m the fo re ign s ta te sha l l b e t rea ted as

par t o f the fo re ign s ta te , an d the a reas d escr ib ed in each o fthe fo l lo win g c lauses sha l l b e co n sid ered to b e a separa teregio n :"(i) Africa." ( i i ) A s i a ."( i i i) Europe." (iv) N o r t h A me r ica (o ther tha n Mexico) ."(v) Oceania." (v i ) So uth Amer ica , Mexico , C en tra l Amer ica , an dt h e C a r i b b e a n ." (2 ) R E Q U I R E M E N T O F E D U CA T I O N O R W O R K EXPERIENCE.Anal ien i s n o t e l ig ib le fo r a v isa un d er th is sub sec t io n un less theal ien"(A) h as a t leas t a h ig h scho o l ed ucat io n o r i t s equivalen t ,o r "(B) has, within 5 years of the date of applicat ion for av isa un d er th is sub sec t io n , a t leas t 2 y ea rs of wo rk exper i en ce in an o ccupat io n which requires a t leas t 2 y ears o ft r a i n i n g o r e x p e r i e n ce ."(3) M A I N T E N A N C E O F INFORMATION.The S e c r e t a r y o f S t a t esha l l main ta in in fo rmat io n o n the age , o ccupat io n , ed ucat io nlevel , an d o ther re levan t charac ter is t ics o f immigran ts i ssuedvisas un d er th is sub sec t io n ." .

39-194 O - 91 - 20 : QL 3 Part 6


23/111

104 STAT. 5000 PUBLIC LAW 101-649NOV. 29, 19908 us e 1153 note. SEC. 132. DIVERSITY TRANSITION FOR ALIENS WHO ARE NATIVES OF

CERTAIN ADVERSELY AFFECTED FOREIGN STATES.(a) IN G E N E R A L . N o t w i t h s t a n d i n g the numerical limitations insections 201 and 202 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, thereshall be made available to qualified immigrants described in sul^ec-tion (b) 40,000 immigrant visas in each of fiscal years 1992 , 1993 , and1994.(b) Q U ALI F I ED ALI EN D E S C R I B E D . A n alien described in thissubsection is an alien who(1) is a native of a foreign state that is not contiguous to theUnited States and that was identified as an adversely affectedforeign state for purposes of section 314 of the ImmigrationReform and Control Act of 1986,(2) has a firm commitment for employment in the UnitedStates for a period of at least 1 year (beginning on the date ofadmission under this section), and(3) except as provided in subsection (c), is admissible as animmigrant.(c) D I ST RI B U T I O N OF V I S A N U M B E R S . T h e Secretary of State shall

provide for making immigrant visas provided under subsection (a)available in the chronological order in which aliens apply for eachfiscal year, except that at least 40 percent of the number of suchvisas in each fiscal year shall be made available to natives of theforeign state the natives of which received the greatest number ofvisas issued under section 314 of the Immigration Reform andControl Act (or to aliens described in subsection (d) who are thespouses or children of such natives).(d) D ERI VAT I VE ST AT U S FOR S P O U S E S A N D C H I L D R E N . A spouse orchild (as defined in section 101(bXl) (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) of theImmigration and Nationality Act) shall, if not otherwise entitled toan immigrant status and the immediate issuance of a visa underthis section, be entitled to the same status, and the same order ofconsideration, provided under this section, if accompan3dng, or following to join, his spouse or parent.(e) W A I V E R S OF G R O U N D S OF E X C L U S I O N . I n determining theadmissibility of an alien provided a visa number under this section,the grounds of exclusion specified in paragraphs (5XB) and (7XA) ofsection 212(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act shall notapply, and the Attorney General shall waive the ground of exclusionspecified in paragraph (6XC) of such section, unless the AttorneyGeneral finds that such a waiver is not in the national interest.(f) AP P LI C AT I O N FEE.The Secretary of State shall require payment of a reasonable fee for the filing of an application under thissection in order to cover the costs of processing applications underthis section.

8 us e 1153 note. SEC. 133. ONE-YEAR DIVERSITY TRANSITION FOR ALIENS WHO HAVEBEEN NOTIFIED OF AVAILABILITY OF NP-5 VISAS.

Notwithstanding the numerical limitations in sections 201 and202 of the Immigration and Nationsdity Act, there shall be madeavailable in fiscal year 1991 immigrant visa numbers for qualifiedimmigrants who(1) were notified by the Secretary of State before May 1, 1990,of their selection for issuance of a visa under section 314 of theImmigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, and(2) are qualified for the issuance of such a visa but for (A)numerical and fiscal year limitations on the issuance of such


24/111

PUBLIC LAW 101-649NOV. 29, 1990 104 STAT. 5001visas, (B) section 212(a)(19) or 212(e) of the Immigration andNationality Act, or (C) the fact that the immigrant was anational, but not a native, of a foreign state described in section314 of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986.Visas shall be made available under this section to spouses andchildren of qualified immigrants in the same man

Immigration Act of 1990

Documents

Transcript of Immigration Act of 1990