IMAM HUSSAIN ASHURA KARBALA

ADAM THE ADAM THE VICEGERENTVICEGERENT � �وا �يف�ة ق�ال ل ر�ض� خ�

� �ي ج�اع�ل� ف�ي األ �ن �ة� إ �ك �ئ �م�ال �ل "ك� ل ب �ذ� ق�ال� ر� � و�إ �وا �يف�ة ق�ال ل ر�ض� خ�� ي ج�اع�ل� ف�ي األ �ن �ة� إ �ك �ئ �م�ال �ل "ك� ل ب �ذ� ق�ال� ر� و�إ

�ح� ب �س� �ح�ن� ن ف�ك� الد�م�اء و�ن �س� د� ف�يه�ا و�ي �ف�س� �ج�ع�ل� ف�يه�ا م�ن ي �ت �ح� أ ب �س� �ح�ن� ن ف�ك� الد�م�اء و�ن �س� د� ف�يه�ا و�ي �ف�س� �ج�ع�ل� ف�يه�ا م�ن ي �ت أ�م�ون� �ع�ل � ت �م� م�ا ال �ع�ل �ي أ �ن �ق�د�س� ل�ك� ق�ال� إ �ح�م�د�ك� و�ن �م�ون�ب �ع�ل � ت �م� م�ا ال �ع�ل �ي أ �ن �ق�د�س� ل�ك� ق�ال� إ �ح�م�د�ك� و�ن ب

2:30 AND LO! The Sustainer said unto the 2:30 AND LO! The Sustainer said unto the angels: "Behold, I am about to establish upon angels: "Behold, I am about to establish upon earth one who shall inherit it." They said: earth one who shall inherit it." They said: "Will you place on it such as will spread "Will you place on it such as will spread corruption thereon and shed blood -whereas corruption thereon and shed blood -whereas it is we who extol your limitless glory, and it is we who extol your limitless glory, and praise you, and hallow your name?" [God] praise you, and hallow your name?" [God] answered: "Verily, I know that which you do answered: "Verily, I know that which you do not know! not know!

THE NAMESTHE NAMES

kم� آد�م� kم� آد�م� و�ع�ل م�اءو�ع�ل �س� م�اءاأل �س� �ة� األ �ك �ئ �م�ال ض�ه�م� ع�ل�ى ال �مk ع�ر� kه�ا ث �ل �ة� ك �ك �ئ �م�ال ض�ه�م� ع�ل�ى ال �مk ع�ر� kه�ا ث �ل ك

�م� ص�اد�ق�ين� �نت �ن ك ؤ�الء إ م�اء هـ� س�� أ �ي ب �ون �ئ نب

� �م� ص�اد�ق�ين�ف�ق�ال� أ �نت �ن ك ؤ�الء إ م�اء هـ� س�� أ �ي ب �ون �ئ نب

� ف�ق�ال� أ

2:31 And He imparted unto Adam the 2:31 And He imparted unto Adam the namesnames of all things; then He brought of all things; then He brought them within the ken of the angels and them within the ken of the angels and said: "Declare unto Me the names of said: "Declare unto Me the names of these , if what you say is true.these , if what you say is true. ““

BE CAREFULBE CAREFUL

�ه� �د�ون� م�ن د�ون �ع�ب �ه� م�ا ت �د�ون� م�ن د�ون �ع�ب م�اءم�ا ت س�� k أ �ال م�اءإ س�� k أ �ال �م مkا إ �آؤ�ك �م� و�آب �نت �م�وه�ا أ �ت مkي �م مkا س� �آؤ�ك �م� و�آب �نت �م�وه�ا أ �ت مkي س�

�ه�ا م�ن �ه� ب ل� الل �نز� �ه�ا م�نأ �ه� ب ل� الل �نز� ل�ط�ان�أ ل�ط�ان� س� � س� �د�وا �ع�ب k ت �ال م�ر� أ� �ه� أ �ل k ل �ال �م� إ �ح�ك �ن� ال � إ �د�وا �ع�ب k ت �ال م�ر� أ� �ه� أ �ل k ل �ال �م� إ �ح�ك �ن� ال إ

�م�ون� �ع�ل � ي kاس� ال �ر� الن �ث ك� ك�نk أ ـ� �م� و�ل �ق�ي kاه� ذ�ل�ك� الد�ين� ال �ي k إ �ال �م�ون�إ �ع�ل � ي kاس� ال �ر� الن �ث ك� ك�نk أ ـ� �م� و�ل �ق�ي kاه� ذ�ل�ك� الد�ين� ال �ي k إ �ال إ

12:40 "If you are worshipping anything 12:40 "If you are worshipping anything without him, is nothing but without him, is nothing but names names which you which you have named,- you and your fathers,- for have named,- you and your fathers,- for which Allah has sent down no which Allah has sent down no authorityauthority: the : the command is for none but Allah. He has command is for none but Allah. He has commanded that you worship none but Him: commanded that you worship none but Him: that is the right religion, but most men that is the right religion, but most men understand not... understand not...

AUTHORITYAUTHORITY

�ا و� �ن �ات �آي �ا م�وس�ى ب �ن ل س� ر�� ق�د� أ �ا و�و�ل �ن �ات �آي �ا م�وس�ى ب �ن ل س� ر�� ق�د� أ ل�ط�ان�و�ل ل�ط�ان�س� �ين�س� �ين� م"ب م"ب

HUD :96 And we sent Moses, with Our signs HUD :96 And we sent Moses, with Our signs and an and an authority authority manifest.manifest.

�ق�ط�ار� �نف�ذ�وا م�ن� أ �ن ت �م� أ �ط�ع�ت ت �ن� اس� �نس� إ �ج�ن� و�اإل� ر� ال �ا م�ع�ش� �ق�ط�ار� ي �نف�ذ�وا م�ن� أ �ن ت �م� أ �ط�ع�ت ت �ن� اس� �نس� إ �ج�ن� و�اإل� ر� ال �ا م�ع�ش� يkال� �نف�ذ�ون� إ ر�ض� ف�انف�ذ�وا ال� ت

� م�او�ات� و�األ� kالسkال� �نف�ذ�ون� إ ر�ض� ف�انف�ذ�وا ال� ت� م�او�ات� و�األ� kالس�ل�ط�ان �س� ل�ط�ان� ب �س� ب

Ar-Rahman :33 O assembly of Jinns and men! Ar-Rahman :33 O assembly of Jinns and men! If you can pass beyond the zones of the If you can pass beyond the zones of the heavens and the earth, pass. You cannot heavens and the earth, pass. You cannot without a clear without a clear authority.authority.

ANGELS DON’T ANGELS DON’T KNOW KNOW THE THE NAMESNAMES ك�k �ن �ا إ �ن kم�ت k م�ا ع�ل �ال �ا إ �ن �م� ل ل � ع� �ك� ال ان �ح� ب � س� �وا kك� ق�ال �ن �ا إ �ن kم�ت k م�ا ع�ل �ال �ا إ �ن �م� ل ل � ع� �ك� ال ان �ح� ب � س� �وا ق�ال

�ح�ك�يم� �يم� ال �ع�ل �نت� ال �ح�ك�يم�أ �يم� ال �ع�ل �نت� ال أ

2:32 They replied: "Limitless art 2:32 They replied: "Limitless art you in the glory! No knowledge you in the glory! No knowledge have we save that which you hast have we save that which you hast imparted unto us. Verily, you imparted unto us. Verily, you alone art all-knowing, truly wise." alone art all-knowing, truly wise."

ADAM KNOWS THE ADAM KNOWS THE NAMESNAMES

�ه�م �ئ نب� �ا آد�م� أ �ه�مق�ال� ي �ئ نب� �ا آد�م� أ �ه�م�ق�ال� ي م�آئ س�

� �أ �ه�م� ب م�آئ س�� أ �ه�م� ب �أ �نب �مkا أ �ه�م� ف�ل �أ �نب �مkا أ �ه�م� ف�ل م�آئ س�

� �أ �ه�م�ب م�آئ س�� أ �م� ب �ل �م� ق�ال� أ �ل ق�ال� أ

�م� م�ا �ع�ل ر�ض� و�أ� م�او�ات� و�األ kب� الس� �م� غ�ي �ع�ل �ي أ �ن �م� إ kك �ق�ل ل �م� م�ا أ �ع�ل ر�ض� و�أ� م�او�ات� و�األ kب� الس� �م� غ�ي �ع�ل �ي أ �ن �م� إ kك �ق�ل ل أ

�م�ون� �ت �ك �م� ت �نت �د�ون� و�م�ا ك �ب �م�ون�ت �ت �ك �م� ت �نت �د�ون� و�م�ا ك �ب ت

2:33 Said He: "O Adam, convey unto them 2:33 Said He: "O Adam, convey unto them the the namesnames of these [things]." And as soon as of these [things]." And as soon as [Adam] had conveyed unto them their [Adam] had conveyed unto them their namesnames, [God] said: "Did I not say unto you, , [God] said: "Did I not say unto you, `Verily, I alone know the hidden reality of the `Verily, I alone know the hidden reality of the heavens and the earth, and know all that you heavens and the earth, and know all that you bring into the open and all. that you would bring into the open and all. that you would conceal'?" conceal'?"

BOW TO ADAMBOW TO ADAM

�ل�يس� �ب k إ �ال � إ ج�د�وا � آلد�م� ف�س� ج�د�وا �ة� اس� �ك �ئ �م�ال �ل �ا ل �ن �ذ� ق�ل �ل�يس� و�إ �ب k إ �ال � إ ج�د�وا � آلد�م� ف�س� ج�د�وا �ة� اس� �ك �ئ �م�ال �ل �ا ل �ن �ذ� ق�ل و�إ

�اف�ر�ين� �ك �ان� م�ن� ال �ر� و�ك �ب �ك ت �ى و�اس� �ب �اف�ر�ين�أ �ك �ان� م�ن� ال �ر� و�ك �ب �ك ت �ى و�اس� �ب أ

2:34 And when We told the angels, 2:34 And when We told the angels, "Prostrate yourselves before Adam!“ "Prostrate yourselves before Adam!“ they all prostrated themselves, save they all prostrated themselves, save Iblis, who refused and gloried in his Iblis, who refused and gloried in his arrogance: and thus he became one of arrogance: and thus he became one of those who deny the truth. those who deny the truth.

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

1- Why the angels thought that Adam 1- Why the angels thought that Adam would would create mischief and shed create mischief and shed blood?blood?

2- What god knew that angels didn’t 2- What god knew that angels didn’t know?know?

3- What god taught Adam? 3- What god taught Adam? 4- What god placed in front of angels?4- What god placed in front of angels? 5- Why angels couldn’t answer?5- Why angels couldn’t answer? 6- What was Adam’s answer?6- What was Adam’s answer? 7- When did God asked them to bow?7- When did God asked them to bow? 8- Why Iblis didn’t bow?8- Why Iblis didn’t bow?

Why the angels thought that Why the angels thought that Adam would create mischief Adam would create mischief and shed and shed blood?blood?

Angels ,being one dimensional Angels ,being one dimensional beings without “NAFS”, believed beings without “NAFS”, believed that every creation with desire that every creation with desire (NAFS ) would automatically (NAFS ) would automatically follow his desires ,and to fulfill follow his desires ,and to fulfill them would use every mean at them would use every mean at his disposal.his disposal.

What god knew that What god knew that angels angels didn’t didn’t know?know?

God knew that he has put in God knew that he has put in Adam’s heart some qualities Adam’s heart some qualities unknown to angels.unknown to angels.

Human beings are two Human beings are two dimensional creations capable of dimensional creations capable of fighting their desires and sacrifice fighting their desires and sacrifice their terrestrial comfort to please their terrestrial comfort to please god. god.

What god taught What god taught Adam?Adam? God taught Adam the human God taught Adam the human

qualities that are divine and qualities that are divine and absent in angels creation.absent in angels creation.

Self sacrifice, forgiveness, love, Self sacrifice, forgiveness, love, passion, giving…..passion, giving…..

What god placed in front What god placed in front of angels?of angels?

God placed in front of angels God placed in front of angels some scenarios of those some scenarios of those qualities .qualities .

Those scenarios were the Those scenarios were the sacrifices and passion of the sacrifices and passion of the prophets, messengers of Allah prophets, messengers of Allah and Imams.and Imams.

Why angels couldn’t Why angels couldn’t answer?answer?

Because they are one Because they are one dimensional beings.dimensional beings.

They cannot understand the They cannot understand the meanings of those acts that are meanings of those acts that are only understood by creations that only understood by creations that are two dimensional with a NAFS are two dimensional with a NAFS and SPIRIT.and SPIRIT.

What was Adam’s What was Adam’s answer?answer?

Adam, remembering the Adam, remembering the teachings of his god, told the teachings of his god, told the angels the names shown to angels the names shown to them.them.

Because Adam has the Because Adam has the seed of seed of human qualitieshuman qualities planted in his planted in his heart heart

When did God asked When did God asked them to bow?them to bow?

When the name of Imam Hussain When the name of Imam Hussain and his ultimate sacrifice was and his ultimate sacrifice was mentioned , the angels were mentioned , the angels were asked to prostrate in front of asked to prostrate in front of prophet Adam.prophet Adam.

They finally understood what God They finally understood what God meant by “ I know something you meant by “ I know something you do not know”.do not know”.

Why Iblis didn’t bow?Why Iblis didn’t bow?

Sheytan was very proud of his physical Sheytan was very proud of his physical nature. nature.

I’m made of fire and Adam is made of dirt.I’m made of fire and Adam is made of dirt. This fake proud and feeling of superiority This fake proud and feeling of superiority

due to his appearance made him a KAFAR.due to his appearance made him a KAFAR. Even today, this feeling of pride and Even today, this feeling of pride and

superiority based on physical attributes is superiority based on physical attributes is the source of all evil behaviors on earth.the source of all evil behaviors on earth.

HISTORY IS THE LIGHT HISTORY IS THE LIGHT WHICH ILLUMINATES WHICH ILLUMINATES

THE FUTURE.THE FUTURE.

Historical overview of the events Historical overview of the events leading to the massacre of leading to the massacre of Karbala.Karbala.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

PEOPLE WHO KILLED IMAM HUSSAIN PEOPLE WHO KILLED IMAM HUSSAIN ( A.S) AND HIS FAMILY AND FRIENDS ( A.S) AND HIS FAMILY AND FRIENDS WERE ALL MUSLIMS WHO WERE WERE ALL MUSLIMS WHO WERE PRAYING, GOING TO HAJJ, AND PRAYING, GOING TO HAJJ, AND FOLLOWING ALL FOLLOWING ALL THE ISLAMIC RITUALS.THE ISLAMIC RITUALS.

The only difference between the two The only difference between the two group, was their view of Islam, and their group, was their view of Islam, and their interpretation of interpretation of VelayatVelayat and Sura Al- and Sura Al-Maeda aya 3.Maeda aya 3.

SURA AL- MAEDA AYA SURA AL- MAEDA AYA 33 (5-3)This day have those who (5-3)This day have those who

reject faith given up all hope of reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear them your religion: yet fear them not ,but fear Me. not ,but fear Me.

This day I have This day I have perfectedperfected your your religion for you, religion for you, completedcompleted My My favor upon you, and have favor upon you, and have chosenchosen for you for you IslamIslam as your religion. as your religion.

WHY?WHY?

Bani Ummaya started infiltrating the Bani Ummaya started infiltrating the Islamic power at the time of the second Islamic power at the time of the second caliph, USSMAN.caliph, USSMAN.

Their corruption became so important at Their corruption became so important at his time that ended with a revolt and the his time that ended with a revolt and the death of Ussman.death of Ussman.

Muawiya , due to his hatred toward the Muawiya , due to his hatred toward the prophet and his family started a prophet and his family started a campaign of misinformation, showing campaign of misinformation, showing Imam Ali (A.S.) as the mastermind of Imam Ali (A.S.) as the mastermind of Ussman’s death.Ussman’s death.

WHY?WHY?

With this strategy he obtained the With this strategy he obtained the religious power that was missing from religious power that was missing from his financial and political power.his financial and political power.

Because Bani Umayya family were rich Because Bani Umayya family were rich before the advent of Islam and didn’t before the advent of Islam and didn’t want to loose that privilege, but were want to loose that privilege, but were missing the spiritual power.missing the spiritual power.

(SABAA) 34:34 Never did We send a (SABAA) 34:34 Never did We send a warner to a population, but the wealthy warner to a population, but the wealthy ones among them said: "We believe not ones among them said: "We believe not in the messenger which you have in the messenger which you have sent."sent."

FAST EXPANSIONFAST EXPANSION

AL-FATH :28 AL-FATH :28 It is He , Who has sent His It is He , Who has sent His

Messenger with Guidance and the Messenger with Guidance and the Religion of Truth, to proclaim it Religion of Truth, to proclaim it over all religion, and enough is over all religion, and enough is Allah for a Witness. Allah for a Witness.

POEM BY AREZOU, POEM BY AREZOU, March 2004 March 2004 30,000 against 72,30,000 against 72, Down the face of so many, spill cold Down the face of so many, spill cold For their unsung hero’s who faced their For their unsung hero’s who faced their

fears,fears, blooded tears,blooded tears, On the banks of Euphrates such a terrible On the banks of Euphrates such a terrible

view,view, 680 AD, October 11680 AD, October 11thth

72 man fought, died and forever will remain 72 man fought, died and forever will remain

30,000 against 72,30,000 against 72, Down the face of so many, spill cold Down the face of so many, spill cold For their unsung hero’s who faced their For their unsung hero’s who faced their

fears,fears, blooded tears,blooded tears, On the banks of Euphrates such a terrible On the banks of Euphrates such a terrible

view,view, 680 AD, October 11680 AD, October 11thth

72 man fought, died and forever will remain 72 man fought, died and forever will remain

Down the face of so many, spill cold blooded tears,Down the face of so many, spill cold blooded tears,For their unsung hero’s who faced their fears,For their unsung hero’s who faced their fears,

30,000 against 72,30,000 against 72,On the banks of Euphrates such a terrible view,On the banks of Euphrates such a terrible view,

680 AD, October 11th680 AD, October 11th72 man fought, died and forever will remain in heaven,72 man fought, died and forever will remain in heaven,

POEM BY AREZOU, POEM BY AREZOU, March 2004March 2004 72 men fought, not for money, 72 men fought, not for money, not for land,not for land, But for the future of Muslims to walk But for the future of Muslims to walk

hand in hand,hand in hand, 72 man each took his last breath,72 man each took his last breath, They plunged into a warThey plunged into a war

where they would meet their where they would meet their death,death,

72 men fought, not for money, 72 men fought, not for money, not for land,not for land,

But for the future of Muslims to walk hand in hand,But for the future of Muslims to walk hand in hand,72 man each took his last breath,72 man each took his last breath,

They plunged into a warThey plunged into a war where they would meet their death,where they would meet their death,

POEM BY AREZOU, POEM BY AREZOU, March 2004March 2004 The lives of 72 men were sacrificed The lives of 72 men were sacrificed

in the sake that the truth might in the sake that the truth might prevail,prevail,

30.000 against 72, there was much 30.000 against 72, there was much room to fail,room to fail,

72 men knew they would die, but 72 men knew they would die, but they had no tears to cry,they had no tears to cry,

Without a grim, without a sigh,Without a grim, without a sigh, 72 men get ready to die,72 men get ready to die,

The lives of 72 men were sacrificed in the sakeThe lives of 72 men were sacrificed in the sake that the truth might prevail,that the truth might prevail,

30.000 against 72, there was much room to fail,30.000 against 72, there was much room to fail,72 men knew they would die, but they had no tears to cry,72 men knew they would die, but they had no tears to cry,

Without a grim, without a sigh,Without a grim, without a sigh,72 men get ready to die,72 men get ready to die,

POEM BY AREZOU, POEM BY AREZOU, March 2004March 2004 72 men left out to bleed,72 men left out to bleed, The enemy is still yet to succeed,The enemy is still yet to succeed, The blood was shed,The blood was shed, The word of god now would be The word of god now would be

spread,spread, The lives of 72 man was taken away,The lives of 72 man was taken away, They made possible for Islam to be They made possible for Islam to be

living to this very day,living to this very day,

72 men left out to bleed,72 men left out to bleed,The enemy is still yet to succeed,The enemy is still yet to succeed,

The blood was shed,The blood was shed,The word of god now would be spread,The word of god now would be spread,The lives of 72 man was taken away,The lives of 72 man was taken away,

They made possible for Islam to be living to this very day,They made possible for Islam to be living to this very day,

POEM BY AREZOU, POEM BY AREZOU, March 2004March 2004 72 is why the prophet said: 72 is why the prophet said: Hussein Hussein

is from me and I am from is from me and I am from Hussein,Hussein,

Because 72 men saved Islam by Because 72 men saved Islam by enduring such pain,enduring such pain,

72 men ….. 72 men …. 72 men….. 72 men ….. 72 men …. 72 men….. Against 30,000, now you ask if they Against 30,000, now you ask if they failed?failed?

And I say we wouldn’t have been here And I say we wouldn’t have been here if they hadn’t prevailed.if they hadn’t prevailed.

72 is why the prophet said:72 is why the prophet said: Hussein is from me and I am from Hussein,Hussein is from me and I am from Hussein,

Because 72 men saved Islam by enduring such pain,Because 72 men saved Islam by enduring such pain,72 men ….. 72 men …. 72 men….. 72 men ….. 72 men …. 72 men…..

Against 30,000, now you ask if they failed?Against 30,000, now you ask if they failed?And I say we wouldn’t have been here if they hadn’t prevailed.And I say we wouldn’t have been here if they hadn’t prevailed.

YA ABA ABDULLAHYA ABA ABDULLAH

Karbala garden of swords, blood Karbala garden of swords, blood and inspiration for innumerable and inspiration for innumerable pens.pens.

Karbala is the word of right…the Karbala is the word of right…the hymn on the lips of time.hymn on the lips of time.

Karbala is a poem…a rhyme of Karbala is a poem…a rhyme of anguish and pain.anguish and pain.

Karbala never passes away. Its Karbala never passes away. Its sun never sets in the horizon of sun never sets in the horizon of history. Its anguish can never be history. Its anguish can never be effaced from the conscience of effaced from the conscience of freemen by the collective freemen by the collective conspiracy of tyrants.conspiracy of tyrants.

YA ABA ABDULLAHYA ABA ABDULLAH

Imam Hussein awakens Imam Hussein awakens free consciences and free consciences and stirs within man the stirs within man the spirit of revolution and spirit of revolution and Jihad. His voice is still Jihad. His voice is still echoing in the ears of echoing in the ears of mankind:mankind:

““By God, I will never By God, I will never give you my hand give you my hand like a man who has like a man who has been humiliated, nor been humiliated, nor will I flee like a will I flee like a slave.”slave.”

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS

1.1. Some 50 years before the event of Some 50 years before the event of Karbala, the Prophet wept when he Karbala, the Prophet wept when he was told by the angel Gabriel that was told by the angel Gabriel that Hussein would be killed by the army Hussein would be killed by the army of Yazid in Karbala. of Yazid in Karbala.


Then Gabriel asked, "O Prophet of Then Gabriel asked, "O Prophet of God, do you want me to give you God, do you want me to give you some earth from his place of some earth from his place of martyrdom ?" The Prophet said, martyrdom ?" The Prophet said, "Yes". Gabriel gave him a handful "Yes". Gabriel gave him a handful of earth of Karbala and the of earth of Karbala and the Prophet began weeping Prophet began weeping uncontrollably.uncontrollably.


This tradition is recorded in This tradition is recorded in MusnadMusnad of Imam Ahmad bin of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, and Hanbal, and Sirrul-'alaminSirrul-'alamin of of Imam Ghazali; and has been Imam Ghazali; and has been narrated by Imam Baihaqi, Imam narrated by Imam Baihaqi, Imam Hakim and scores of other Hakim and scores of other traditionalists. traditionalists.


The Prophet gave that earth to The Prophet gave that earth to his wife, Umm Salmah, and told his wife, Umm Salmah, and told her, "When you see this earth her, "When you see this earth turned into blood, know that turned into blood, know that Hussein has been martyred." Hussein has been martyred."


2.2. On the 10th of Muharram, 61 On the 10th of Muharram, 61 A.H., Umm Salmah was asleep in A.H., Umm Salmah was asleep in the afternoon when she saw the the afternoon when she saw the Prophet in her dream: He stood Prophet in her dream: He stood there , his hair was dusty , and in there , his hair was dusty , and in his hand was a bottle full of blood. his hand was a bottle full of blood. Umm Salmah asked him what it Umm Salmah asked him what it was. The Prophet said:was. The Prophet said:

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS Hafiz Ahmad bin Hussain Baihaqi, says that Hafiz Ahmad bin Hussain Baihaqi, says that

Abul Qasim Hasan bin Muhammad Mufassir Abul Qasim Hasan bin Muhammad Mufassir reported from Abu Baqar Muhammed Bin reported from Abu Baqar Muhammed Bin Abdullah bin Ahmed bin Aamir Tai in Basra from Abdullah bin Ahmed bin Aamir Tai in Basra from his father from Ali Bin Musa from his father his father from Ali Bin Musa from his father Musa bin Jafar from his father Muhammed bin Musa bin Jafar from his father Muhammed bin Ali from his father Ali bin Hussain from Asma Ali from his father Ali bin Hussain from Asma binte Umais. binte Umais. Asma says: Asma says:

"I assisted your grandmother [Fatema (A)] "I assisted your grandmother [Fatema (A)] during the birth of Hassan and Hussain (A). during the birth of Hassan and Hussain (A). When Hassan (A) was born (she gave details When Hassan (A) was born (she gave details and then continued) ... When Hussain was born, and then continued) ... When Hussain was born, the Holy Prophet (S) came to me and said, 'O the Holy Prophet (S) came to me and said, 'O Asma! Bring my son [Hussain .' I wrapped Asma! Bring my son [Hussain .' I wrapped Hussain in a white cloth and took him to the Hussain in a white cloth and took him to the Holy Prophet (S) and placed him in his blessed Holy Prophet (S) and placed him in his blessed hands. hands.

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS The Prophet (S) recited the Azan in his right The Prophet (S) recited the Azan in his right

ear and Aqamat in his left ear. Then he kept ear and Aqamat in his left ear. Then he kept him on his lap and began to weep profusely.him on his lap and began to weep profusely.

I enquired, 'May my parents be sacrificed for I enquired, 'May my parents be sacrificed for you. Why are you weeping?' The Holy you. Why are you weeping?' The Holy Prophet (S) said, 'I am weeping upon this son Prophet (S) said, 'I am weeping upon this son of mine.' I asked, 'He is just born?' The of mine.' I asked, 'He is just born?' The Prophet (S) replied, 'A group of oppressors Prophet (S) replied, 'A group of oppressors will kill this son of mine. Allah will not allow will kill this son of mine. Allah will not allow them my intercession.' them my intercession.'

Then he (S) continued, 'O Asma! do not tell Then he (S) continued, 'O Asma! do not tell this to Fatema (s.a.) because she has just this to Fatema (s.a.) because she has just delivered (the baby).' "delivered (the baby).' "


This tradition has also been recorded in the This tradition has also been recorded in the book 'Maqtal al Hussain' by Hafiz Abul Moeed book 'Maqtal al Hussain' by Hafiz Abul Moeed Khwarazmi (Khalifa Zamakshari) Vol. 1, p. 87-Khwarazmi (Khalifa Zamakshari) Vol. 1, p. 87-88. 88.

He has quoted his teacher Hafiz Baihaqi He has quoted his teacher Hafiz Baihaqi (extracted from Al-Ghadeer of Allama Amini). (extracted from Al-Ghadeer of Allama Amini).

Allama Amini says: Allama Amini says: "This was the first majlis in Islam that was "This was the first majlis in Islam that was performed in the consecrated house of the performed in the consecrated house of the Holy Prophet (S) to lament the chief of the Holy Prophet (S) to lament the chief of the martyrs. Has it ever happened, that except martyrs. Has it ever happened, that except for the son of Fatema Zehra (A), a mourning for the son of Fatema Zehra (A), a mourning ceremony is held upon the birth of a child?" ceremony is held upon the birth of a child?"


Hafiz Nishaburi in his book 'Mustadrak al Sahihain' Vol 3, Hafiz Nishaburi in his book 'Mustadrak al Sahihain' Vol 3, p.76, writes : Narrates Abu Abdillah Mohammed Bin Ali p.76, writes : Narrates Abu Abdillah Mohammed Bin Ali Johri from Abul Ahwas Mohammad bin al Heesham Qazi Johri from Abul Ahwas Mohammad bin al Heesham Qazi in Baghdad from Mohammed bin Masab, from Auzaaee, in Baghdad from Mohammed bin Masab, from Auzaaee, from Abu Ammar Saddad from the daughter of Harith, from Abu Ammar Saddad from the daughter of Harith, Ummul Fazi, that she approached the Holy Prophet (S) Ummul Fazi, that she approached the Holy Prophet (S) and said: and said:

"O Messenger of Allah, I had a terrible dream last night." "O Messenger of Allah, I had a terrible dream last night." Holy Prophet (S) asked, "What did you see?" "A terrifying Holy Prophet (S) asked, "What did you see?" "A terrifying dream!" "What did you dream?" "A part of your body has dream!" "What did you dream?" "A part of your body has been separated and put into my lap." The Holy Prophet been separated and put into my lap." The Holy Prophet (S) said :(S) said :

"You have had an auspicious dream. Soon, Fatema (S) "You have had an auspicious dream. Soon, Fatema (S) will give birth to a child and it shall be in your hands.will give birth to a child and it shall be in your hands.Needless to add, the same occurred. A child was born to Needless to add, the same occurred. A child was born to Fatema Zehra (S) and I was the nurse.Fatema Zehra (S) and I was the nurse.

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS One day, the Holy Prophet (S) came and for a One day, the Holy Prophet (S) came and for a

moment he turned towards me. I saw that moment he turned towards me. I saw that tears were flowing from his eyes. I enquired, "O tears were flowing from his eyes. I enquired, "O Prophet of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed Prophet of Allah! May my parents be sacrificed for you, what is the matter?" He said :for you, what is the matter?" He said :

"Jibrael (A) came to me and informed me that "Jibrael (A) came to me and informed me that my Ummat will slay this son of mine." I asked my Ummat will slay this son of mine." I asked Jibrael (A), "This son?" Jibrael (A) replied "Yes." Jibrael (A), "This son?" Jibrael (A) replied "Yes." He then brought a handful of red soil and said He then brought a handful of red soil and said that it was from his (Hussain's) grave. that it was from his (Hussain's) grave.

Hakim comments, regarding this hadith, Hakim comments, regarding this hadith, "Although Muslim and Bukhari have not "Although Muslim and Bukhari have not included this tradition in their collections, it is included this tradition in their collections, it is correct as per their standard." correct as per their standard."

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS On page 79 of this book Hakim says, narrates Abul On page 79 of this book Hakim says, narrates Abul

Abbas Mohammed bin Yaqub from Mohammed bin Abbas Mohammed bin Yaqub from Mohammed bin Ishaq from Mohammed bin Ismail from Abi Samina Ishaq from Mohammed bin Ismail from Abi Samina from Mohammed bin Masab from Awzaee from Abu from Mohammed bin Masab from Awzaee from Abu Ammar from Ummul Fazi that:Ammar from Ummul Fazi that:

when Imam Hussain (A) was in the lap of the Holy when Imam Hussain (A) was in the lap of the Holy Prophet (S), he (S) said, "Jibrael (A) has informed me Prophet (S), he (S) said, "Jibrael (A) has informed me that my Ummat will slay Hussain (A)." Then Hakim that my Ummat will slay Hussain (A)." Then Hakim comments, "Ibn Abi Samina has reported this tradition comments, "Ibn Abi Samina has reported this tradition briefly whereas it is considerably longer." briefly whereas it is considerably longer."

Baihaqi in his book, "Dalail un Nabuwwah" mentions Baihaqi in his book, "Dalail un Nabuwwah" mentions this narration in the section that deals with the this narration in the section that deals with the conditions of Imam Hussain (A) ( Al Ghadeer). conditions of Imam Hussain (A) ( Al Ghadeer).

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS The great Hafiz, Abul Qasim Tabarani, in his book 'Al The great Hafiz, Abul Qasim Tabarani, in his book 'Al

Mojamul Kabir while describing the life of the younger Mojamul Kabir while describing the life of the younger grandson of the Holy Prophet (S), Hussain (A) says: grandson of the Holy Prophet (S), Hussain (A) says:

Reports Abdullah bin Ziyad Asadi from Amr Bin Sabit Reports Abdullah bin Ziyad Asadi from Amr Bin Sabit from Amash from Abu Wael Shaqeeq bin Salma from from Amash from Abu Wael Shaqeeq bin Salma from Umme Salma (r.a.): Umme Salma (r.a.):

Hasan and Hussain (A) were in my house, playing with Hasan and Hussain (A) were in my house, playing with the Holy Prophet (S). Just then Jibrael (A) descended the Holy Prophet (S). Just then Jibrael (A) descended and pointing towards Hussain (A) said, "O Mohammed, and pointing towards Hussain (A) said, "O Mohammed, after you, your Ummat will slay this son of yours. " after you, your Ummat will slay this son of yours. " Umme Salma says, "The Holy Prophet (S) embraced Umme Salma says, "The Holy Prophet (S) embraced Hussain (A) and began to weep. Jibraeel (A) said, "This Hussain (A) and began to weep. Jibraeel (A) said, "This handful of soil is a trust with you." He (S) smelt the handful of soil is a trust with you." He (S) smelt the soil and said, "This soil smells of sadness, calamity soil and said, "This soil smells of sadness, calamity and tragedy." and tragedy."

KARBALA IN SUNNI KARBALA IN SUNNI BOOKSBOOKS Umme Salma further adds : "The Holy Umme Salma further adds : "The Holy

Prophet (S) then told me : "O Umme Salma! Prophet (S) then told me : "O Umme Salma! When the soil turns into blood, you will know When the soil turns into blood, you will know that my son has been martyred." that my son has been martyred." The narrator says, "Umme Salma poured the The narrator says, "Umme Salma poured the soil in a bottle and she used to look at it soil in a bottle and she used to look at it everyday and say, "O soil! The day you turn everyday and say, "O soil! The day you turn into blood shall be a great day of sadness!" into blood shall be a great day of sadness!"

Hafiz Abul Qasim Ibn Asaakir Damishqi writes Hafiz Abul Qasim Ibn Asaakir Damishqi writes in 'Tarikh-e-Sham': "Abu Ali Haddaad and in 'Tarikh-e-Sham': "Abu Ali Haddaad and other narrators report that Abu Bakr Bin other narrators report that Abu Bakr Bin Zaida says "Suleman Bin Ahmed (i.e. Zaida says "Suleman Bin Ahmed (i.e. Tabarani) has narrated the same from Tabarani) has narrated the same from Abdulla Bin Ahmed Bin Hanbal only with the Abdulla Bin Ahmed Bin Hanbal only with the difference that the Holy Prophet (S) exclaims, difference that the Holy Prophet (S) exclaims, "O sadness and calamity l" (Al Ghadeer) "O sadness and calamity l" (Al Ghadeer)


This is the blood of Hussein and his This is the blood of Hussein and his companions. I was collecting it since this companions. I was collecting it since this morning." morning."

Umm Salmah woke up and hurried towards Umm Salmah woke up and hurried towards the bottle which contained the earth of the bottle which contained the earth of Karbala; she saw red blood flowing from it. Karbala; she saw red blood flowing from it. Then she cried and called her relatives and Then she cried and called her relatives and started mourning for Hussein. started mourning for Hussein.

This tradition is narrated in This tradition is narrated in MusnadMusnad of of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal , Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal , Mishkatul-Mishkatul-MasabihMasabih, , SahihSahih of Tirmidhi and other books. of Tirmidhi and other books.


3.3. Sheikh 'Abdul Qadir Jilani Sheikh 'Abdul Qadir Jilani writes in his book writes in his book Ghunyatut-Ghunyatut-TalebeenTalebeen, Vol. II page 62; "70,000 , Vol. II page 62; "70,000 angels came on the grave of angels came on the grave of Hussein bin 'Ali after his Hussein bin 'Ali after his martyrdom and they are weeping martyrdom and they are weeping on him and will remain weeping on him and will remain weeping unto the Day of Judgment." unto the Day of Judgment."


4.4. God says in the Qur'an about Pharaoh God says in the Qur'an about Pharaoh and his army: "and his army: "neither the Sky nor the neither the Sky nor the Earth wept for them and they were not Earth wept for them and they were not given chance.given chance." (ad-Dukhaa, Verse 29) " (ad-Dukhaa, Verse 29)

Muslim records in explanation of this Muslim records in explanation of this ayat, "When Hussein was martyred, the ayat, "When Hussein was martyred, the Sky as well as the Earth wept on him Sky as well as the Earth wept on him and weeping of the sky is its being red." and weeping of the sky is its being red." ((SahihSahih of Muslim). of Muslim).

IMAM HUSSEIN MARTYRDOM IMAM HUSSEIN MARTYRDOM EVENTS IN ENGLANDEVENTS IN ENGLAND

The book the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, written in year The book the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, written in year 1954, contains the historical events that occurred to 1954, contains the historical events that occurred to the British nation since the time of Jesus Christ (peace the British nation since the time of Jesus Christ (peace be upon him). be upon him).

The book mentions for every year the events The book mentions for every year the events happened during it until it comes on the mention of happened during it until it comes on the mention of the events happened during the year of 685 after the events happened during the year of 685 after Christ and it is the year of 61 Hijri – the year of Christ and it is the year of 61 Hijri – the year of martyrdom of the grandson of holy Prophet martyrdom of the grandson of holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him & his progeny), Al-Muhammad (peace be upon him & his progeny), Al-Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) . then the author Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) . then the author mentions that in this year the sky rained blood and mentions that in this year the sky rained blood and the people in Britain found that milk and butter turned the people in Britain found that milk and butter turned to blood!!! to blood!!!

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION It is a sign of the greatness of the 10th It is a sign of the greatness of the 10th

Muharram that Allah commanded the Muharram that Allah commanded the Israelites to observe it as a day of Israelites to observe it as a day of mourning; mourning;

it was accompanied by a stern warning it was accompanied by a stern warning that anybody disobeying that law would that anybody disobeying that law would be cut off from his tribe. be cut off from his tribe.

The following is the passage quoted from The following is the passage quoted from Leviticus (Chapter 23, verses 23-32):— Leviticus (Chapter 23, verses 23-32):—

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION

And the Lord spoke unto Moses, And the Lord spoke unto Moses, saying, Speak unto the children of saying, Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, in the seventh Israel, saying, in the seventh month, in the first day of the month, in the first day of the month, you shall have a Sabbath, month, you shall have a Sabbath, a memorial of blowing of a memorial of blowing of trumpets, a holy convocation. trumpets, a holy convocation.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION You shall not work therein; but you You shall not work therein; but you

shall offer an offering made by fire shall offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord And the Lord spoke unto the Lord And the Lord spoke unto Moses, saying, Also on the unto Moses, saying, Also on the tenth day of this seventh month tenth day of this seventh month there shall be a day of atonement: it there shall be a day of atonement: it shall be a holy convocation unto shall be a holy convocation unto you; and you shall afflict your souls, you; and you shall afflict your souls, and offer an offering made by fire and offer an offering made by fire unto the Lord. unto the Lord.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION And you shall not work in that same And you shall not work in that same

day: for it is a day of atonement, to day: for it is a day of atonement, to make an atonement for you before the make an atonement for you before the Lord your God. For whatsoever soul it be Lord your God. For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted in that same that shall not be afflicted in that same day, he shall be cut off from among his day, he shall be cut off from among his people. And whatsoever soul it be that people. And whatsoever soul it be that does any work in that same day, the does any work in that same day, the same soul will I destroy from among his same soul will I destroy from among his people. people.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION You shall in no manner work; it shall You shall in no manner work; it shall

be a stature for ever throughout be a stature for ever throughout your generations in all your your generations in all your dwellings. It shall be unto you a dwellings. It shall be unto you a Sabbath of rest, and you shall afflict Sabbath of rest, and you shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto month at even, from even unto even, shall ye celebrate your even, shall ye celebrate your Sabbath.Sabbath.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION This command is also briefly This command is also briefly

mentioned in Leviticus 16: 29-34. mentioned in Leviticus 16: 29-34. To understand what is meant by To understand what is meant by

the seventh month, the following the seventh month, the following facts should be kept in mind: facts should be kept in mind:

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION 1- The year of the Hebrews was 1- The year of the Hebrews was

based on lunar system. To make it based on lunar system. To make it coincide with solar year, a coincide with solar year, a thirteenth month, Veadar, was thirteenth month, Veadar, was added 7 times in a cycle of 19 added 7 times in a cycle of 19 years. The year began with the years. The year began with the month of Abib (i.e., Nisan) with the month of Abib (i.e., Nisan) with the new moon next before or next after new moon next before or next after the spring equinox. the spring equinox.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION 2- The Arabs before Islam used to follow the 2- The Arabs before Islam used to follow the

same system. Thus their months coincided same system. Thus their months coincided with the Jewish months; and Rajab coincided with the Jewish months; and Rajab coincided with Abib (i.e., Nisan) of the Jews. And the with Abib (i.e., Nisan) of the Jews. And the Jewish 7th month coincided with Muharram of Jewish 7th month coincided with Muharram of the Arabs. (In original Hebrew reckoning, this the Arabs. (In original Hebrew reckoning, this seventh month was called Ethanim; now it is seventh month was called Ethanim; now it is called Tishri I). As the original Jewish year called Tishri I). As the original Jewish year began near the spring equinox (i.e. 21st began near the spring equinox (i.e. 21st March of the Gregorian calendar), the March of the Gregorian calendar), the seventh month was bound to occur in seventh month was bound to occur in September-OctoberSeptember-October

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION 3- Some time after the Exile, the Jews 3- Some time after the Exile, the Jews

changed the new year from Nisan to the changed the new year from Nisan to the day of the new moon of the 7th month. day of the new moon of the 7th month.

Now it is their first month; except that Now it is their first month; except that the system of fasting and observing the system of fasting and observing other laws concerning the 1st, 9th and other laws concerning the 1st, 9th and 10th days (of the 7th month) mentioned 10th days (of the 7th month) mentioned above continues unchanged. above continues unchanged.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION Yom Hakippurim is faithfully Yom Hakippurim is faithfully

observed on the 10th day of the observed on the 10th day of the original seventh (i.e. the present original seventh (i.e. the present first) month.first) month.

(The Hebrew term, Yom (The Hebrew term, Yom Hakippurim, is rendered as Hakippurim, is rendered as Yaum-Yaum-ul-Kaffarahul-Kaffarah in Arabic and Day of in Arabic and Day of Atonement in English.Atonement in English.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION 4- In the 9th year of Hijra, Islam forbade 4- In the 9th year of Hijra, Islam forbade

intercalation of the additional month intercalation of the additional month every leap year. "Surely the number of every leap year. "Surely the number of months with Allah is twelve . . . months with Allah is twelve . . . Postponing (of a month, i.e. by Postponing (of a month, i.e. by intercalation) is only an addition in intercalation) is only an addition in disbelief..." (Qur'an, 9: 37-38) From then disbelief..." (Qur'an, 9: 37-38) From then on, the parity between the Jewish and on, the parity between the Jewish and the Muslim calendars disappeared. the Muslim calendars disappeared.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN JEWISH TRADITIONIN JEWISH TRADITION 5- In spite of that disparity, the 5- In spite of that disparity, the

Muharram of 61 A.H. began with Tishri Muharram of 61 A.H. began with Tishri I; and 10th Muharram, the day when I; and 10th Muharram, the day when Imam Hussein was martyred was 10th Imam Hussein was martyred was 10th Tishri (Yom Hakippurim). Tishri (Yom Hakippurim).

Thus the relationship of Yom Thus the relationship of Yom Hakippurim with 10th Muharram was Hakippurim with 10th Muharram was true not only because originally true not only because originally Muharram used to coincide with Tishri, Muharram used to coincide with Tishri, but also because the martyrdom but also because the martyrdom actually occurred on that very day. actually occurred on that very day.

FAMILY TREEFAMILY TREE

HISTORYHISTORY

In the second (2) In the second (2) year of Hijra, the year of Hijra, the Prophet’s cousin, Prophet’s cousin, Imam Ali (pbuh) Imam Ali (pbuh) married the Prophet’s married the Prophet’s daughter Fatima; the daughter Fatima; the Lady of Light (pbuh) Lady of Light (pbuh) in the simplest in the simplest possible manner.possible manner.

. . They had four They had four children, Imam children, Imam Hassan, Imam Hassan, Imam Hussein, Zainab and Hussein, Zainab and Kulthoom.Kulthoom.

BIRTHDAYBIRTHDAY

Imam Hussein (pbuh) Imam Hussein (pbuh) was born on the 3rd was born on the 3rd of Shabaan in the of Shabaan in the fourth (4) year of fourth (4) year of Hijra. The Holy Hijra. The Holy Prophet (pbuh) came Prophet (pbuh) came to Fatima (pbuh) and to Fatima (pbuh) and took the baby in his took the baby in his lap and said :lap and said :

““Hussainun minni Hussainun minni wa ana minal wa ana minal Hussein (Hussein Hussein (Hussein is of me and I am is of me and I am of Hussein).”of Hussein).”

LOVE OF PROPHET LOVE OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD(P.B.U.H) FOR MUHAMMAD(P.B.U.H) FOR IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S)IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S)

One day, when he was in One day, when he was in prostrate (Sajdah) Imam Hussein prostrate (Sajdah) Imam Hussein (pbuh) climbed on his back. The (pbuh) climbed on his back. The Holy Prophet remained in Holy Prophet remained in prostrate until Imam Hussein prostrate until Imam Hussein came down by himself.came down by himself.

The Holy Prophet (pbuh) used to The Holy Prophet (pbuh) used to carry Imam Hussein (pbuh) and carry Imam Hussein (pbuh) and his elder brother Imam Hassan his elder brother Imam Hassan (pbuh) in his arms and declare (pbuh) in his arms and declare expansively in front of his expansively in front of his companions.companions.

““O God, I love them and love O God, I love them and love those who love them.”those who love them.”

LOVE OF PROPHET LOVE OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD(P.B.U.H) FOR MUHAMMAD(P.B.U.H) FOR IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S)IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S)

““These two sons of mine are These two sons of mine are my two plants of sweet basil my two plants of sweet basil in this world.” “Whoever in this world.” “Whoever loves Hassan and Hussein loves Hassan and Hussein then he loves me and then he loves me and whoever dislikes them he whoever dislikes them he dislikes me.”dislikes me.”

““Hassan and Hussein are the Hassan and Hussein are the chiefs of the youth of chiefs of the youth of paradise.”paradise.”

THE THREE CALIPHSTHE THREE CALIPHS

After the death of the Holy Prophet After the death of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), the Caliphs were Muhammad (pbuh), the Caliphs were

1. Abu Bakr for 2 years and 4 months1. Abu Bakr for 2 years and 4 months 2. Omar for 10 years and 6 months2. Omar for 10 years and 6 months 3. Othman for 11 years and 11 months3. Othman for 11 years and 11 months

MUAWIYAMUAWIYA

Muawiya the governor of Syria Muawiya the governor of Syria appointed by second Caliph Omar appointed by second Caliph Omar took full advantage of the took full advantage of the patronage of the Umayyads by patronage of the Umayyads by the third Caliph and had the third Caliph and had established himself strongly at established himself strongly at Damascus and had made the Damascus and had made the place a stronghold of his own.place a stronghold of his own.

IMAM ALI (A.S.) AND IMAM ALI (A.S.) AND BATTLESBATTLES

Imam Ali (pbuh) became the Caliph at the age of Imam Ali (pbuh) became the Caliph at the age of fifty seven (57) years, and remained Caliph for next fifty seven (57) years, and remained Caliph for next 4 years and 9 months.4 years and 9 months.

During this period he fought three battles :During this period he fought three battles :

First with Ayesha the daughter of the first Caliph Abu First with Ayesha the daughter of the first Caliph Abu Bakr,Bakr,

and the widow of the Holy Prophet (pbuh).and Talha and the widow of the Holy Prophet (pbuh).and Talha and Zubayr at Basra called as Jung-e-Jamal (Battle of and Zubayr at Basra called as Jung-e-Jamal (Battle of Camel) in 36 Hijra.Camel) in 36 Hijra.

Second the battle of Seffin with moaawiah .Second the battle of Seffin with moaawiah .

Third the battle of Nahruvan with the Kavarej.Third the battle of Nahruvan with the Kavarej.

BATTLE WITH BATTLE WITH MUAWIYAMUAWIYA

Second battle is against Muawiya son of Abu Sufyan the Second battle is against Muawiya son of Abu Sufyan the Arch-enemy of Islam and the great grandson of Umayya, Arch-enemy of Islam and the great grandson of Umayya, at Siffin, near the banks of river Euphrates.at Siffin, near the banks of river Euphrates.

Muawiya’s army took over the river Euphrates and Muawiya’s army took over the river Euphrates and stopped the army of Imam Ali (pbuh) from getting any stopped the army of Imam Ali (pbuh) from getting any water. Imam Hassan and Imam Hussein who were now water. Imam Hassan and Imam Hussein who were now young men, led a group of fighters and got back the young men, led a group of fighters and got back the control of the river from the enemy. control of the river from the enemy.

Imam Ali allowed everyone to use the river including the Imam Ali allowed everyone to use the river including the enemies. It was on this same river twenty three (23) years enemies. It was on this same river twenty three (23) years later that Imam Hussein fought his final battle for the sake later that Imam Hussein fought his final battle for the sake of saving Islam.of saving Islam.

BATTLE WITH THE BATTLE WITH THE KHARJITESKHARJITES After the unsatisfactory conclusion to the Battle of After the unsatisfactory conclusion to the Battle of

Siffin, which ended in arbitration, Imam Ali (pbuh) Siffin, which ended in arbitration, Imam Ali (pbuh) returned with his army back to Kufa on 37 Hijra. returned with his army back to Kufa on 37 Hijra.

During the march, a group of tweleve thousand During the march, a group of tweleve thousand (12,000) men kept themselves at a distance from (12,000) men kept themselves at a distance from the main part of the army. the main part of the army.

These were the Kharjites (Kharjite means one who These were the Kharjites (Kharjite means one who rebels against religion). Ultimately Imam Ali (pbuh) rebels against religion). Ultimately Imam Ali (pbuh) fought the third battle against Kharjites at fought the third battle against Kharjites at Nahrawan. This battle took place on the 38 Hijra.Nahrawan. This battle took place on the 38 Hijra.

MARTYRDOM OF IMAM MARTYRDOM OF IMAM ALI (A.S.)ALI (A.S.) Two years later, the plot against Two years later, the plot against

history and humanity was carried history and humanity was carried out by ‘Abdur Rahman son of out by ‘Abdur Rahman son of Muljim’. Muljim’.

He striked his head with a He striked his head with a poisoned sword, during the dawn poisoned sword, during the dawn prayer at Kufa Mosque, on the prayer at Kufa Mosque, on the 19th day of the month of 19th day of the month of Ramadan in the year 40 Hijra. Ramadan in the year 40 Hijra.

Imam Ali (pbuh) attained Imam Ali (pbuh) attained martyrdom on the 21st day of the martyrdom on the 21st day of the same month, at the age of sixty same month, at the age of sixty three (63) years.three (63) years.

IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) AND MUAWIYAAND MUAWIYA Imam Hassan was forced to Imam Hassan was forced to

accept a treaty with accept a treaty with Muawiya in order to save Muawiya in order to save Islam. It was therefore the Islam. It was therefore the hallmark of Imam Hassan’s hallmark of Imam Hassan’s life that making peace was life that making peace was his share in the same his share in the same manner as the Holy Prophet manner as the Holy Prophet of Islam did in Hudaibiya. of Islam did in Hudaibiya. The salient points of the The salient points of the treaty are:treaty are:

IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) AND MUAWIYAAND MUAWIYA 1. Muawiya should 1. Muawiya should

rule strictly according rule strictly according to the Holy to the Holy

Quran and the Sunna Quran and the Sunna of Holy Prophet.of Holy Prophet.

2. Muawiya should not 2. Muawiya should not appoint or appoint or nominate nominate anyone to the anyone to the Caliphate after him Caliphate after him but that choice should but that choice should be left to the Muslims.be left to the Muslims.

IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) AND MUAWIYAAND MUAWIYA 3. The people should be left in peace, 3. The people should be left in peace,

wherever they are in the land of God.wherever they are in the land of God.

4. The persecution of the companions 4. The persecution of the companions of Imam Ali should immediately be of Imam Ali should immediately be stopped; their lives, properties and stopped; their lives, properties and families guaranteed safe conduct and families guaranteed safe conduct and peace.peace.

5. The cursing of Imam Ali from the 5. The cursing of Imam Ali from the pulpit should stop immediately.pulpit should stop immediately.

6. No harm should be done secretly or 6. No harm should be done secretly or openly against Imam Hassan and his openly against Imam Hassan and his younger brother Imam Hussein or any younger brother Imam Hussein or any of the Ahlul Bayt (pbut).of the Ahlul Bayt (pbut).

TREASON OF MUAWIYA TREASON OF MUAWIYA TO THE TREATY.TO THE TREATY. History tells us that from day History tells us that from day

one Muawiya did not comply one Muawiya did not comply with any one of the terms of the with any one of the terms of the treaty agreed upon between him treaty agreed upon between him and Imam Hassan. and Imam Hassan.

He trampled the treaty under his He trampled the treaty under his feet saying to the people of feet saying to the people of Kufa, “do you think I have taken Kufa, “do you think I have taken power to teach you about Islam. power to teach you about Islam.

No, I have taken power for the No, I have taken power for the sake of it and if any one of you sake of it and if any one of you tries to disagree with me shall tries to disagree with me shall pay a costly price of losing his pay a costly price of losing his head.”head.”

MARTYRDOM OF IMAM MARTYRDOM OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)HASSAN (A.S.) Muawiya carried out his ambition of keeping Muawiya carried out his ambition of keeping

the power in his family by nominating his son the power in his family by nominating his son Yazid after him as the ruler of the Kingdom. Yazid after him as the ruler of the Kingdom.

This demanded that Imam Hassan should This demanded that Imam Hassan should predecease him, an unlikely event predecease him, an unlikely event considering their discrepancy in their ages. considering their discrepancy in their ages.

Hence Muawiya bribed Ju’ada daughter of Hence Muawiya bribed Ju’ada daughter of Ash’ath (wife of Imam Hassan), to poison him. Ash’ath (wife of Imam Hassan), to poison him. He also promised to marry her to his son He also promised to marry her to his son Yazid and so Ju’ada poisoned Imam Hassan in Yazid and so Ju’ada poisoned Imam Hassan in 50 Hijra. 50 Hijra.

Imam Hassan died with the effect of poisoning Imam Hassan died with the effect of poisoning on 28th of the month of Safar, at the age of on 28th of the month of Safar, at the age of forty seven (47) years.forty seven (47) years.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) ABIDE BY IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) ABIDE BY THE TREATY WITH MUAWIYATHE TREATY WITH MUAWIYA

When Imam Hassan (pbuh) died, the When Imam Hassan (pbuh) died, the followers of Imam from Iraq began to followers of Imam from Iraq began to make plans. make plans.

They wrote to Imam Hussein (pbuh) They wrote to Imam Hussein (pbuh) concerning removing Muawiya and concerning removing Muawiya and giving the pledge of allegiance to him. giving the pledge of allegiance to him.

However, he refused and chooses to However, he refused and chooses to abide by the treaty between Imam abide by the treaty between Imam Hassan and Muawiya, which he could not Hassan and Muawiya, which he could not break until the period came to an end.break until the period came to an end.

MUAWIYA NOMINATE MUAWIYA NOMINATE YAZIDYAZID But the decision of nominating Yazid as But the decision of nominating Yazid as

the ruler, stirred widespread agitation the ruler, stirred widespread agitation among the faithful, particularly amidst among the faithful, particularly amidst prominent personalities such as Imam prominent personalities such as Imam Hussein son of Imam Ali (pbuh), Abdul- Hussein son of Imam Ali (pbuh), Abdul- Rahman son of Abu Bakr, Abdullah son of Rahman son of Abu Bakr, Abdullah son of Omar, Abdullah son of Al-Zubayr and Omar, Abdullah son of Al-Zubayr and other well-known, leading figures. other well-known, leading figures.

Because, Muawiya was the first one to Because, Muawiya was the first one to appoint his son to succeed him and the appoint his son to succeed him and the first ever to do so during his life.first ever to do so during his life.

MUAWIYA NOMINATE MUAWIYA NOMINATE YAZIDYAZID After the death of Muawiya in 60 Hijra, Yazid After the death of Muawiya in 60 Hijra, Yazid

succeeded his father to the throne. succeeded his father to the throne. Imam Hussein was then fifty seven years old. Imam Hussein was then fifty seven years old.

Yazid was known to be even worse than his Yazid was known to be even worse than his father and represented a real danger to the father and represented a real danger to the Islamic nation, for he was not a true Muslim.Islamic nation, for he was not a true Muslim.

He was not properly educated with the He was not properly educated with the teachings of Islam. And he used to drink teachings of Islam. And he used to drink alcohol, gamble, and commit all other sins alcohol, gamble, and commit all other sins according to historic sources. He said:according to historic sources. He said:

““Hashimites staged a play to obtain the Hashimites staged a play to obtain the Kingdom. Actually, there was neither any Kingdom. Actually, there was neither any news (from God) nor any revelation.”news (from God) nor any revelation.”

IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S) GOES TO IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S) GOES TO THE THE GRAVE OF THE GRAVE OF THE PROPHETPROPHET

He went to his grandfather’s grave, and He went to his grandfather’s grave, and recited the following prayer:recited the following prayer:

“ “O God, This is the grave of your Prophet, O God, This is the grave of your Prophet, Muhammad (pbuh) and I am his Muhammad (pbuh) and I am his daughter’s son, and I have come to know daughter’s son, and I have come to know what you undoubtedly know. O God, I like what you undoubtedly know. O God, I like to enjoin the good and reject the evil. I ask to enjoin the good and reject the evil. I ask you O Almighty God by this grave and by you O Almighty God by this grave and by who is in it to choose for me what would who is in it to choose for me what would please You and Your Prophet.”please You and Your Prophet.”

Imam Hussain (A.S.) at the Imam Hussain (A.S.) at the Grave of the Holy Prophet Grave of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.)(S.A.W.) Imam (A.S.) continued weeping until the Imam (A.S.) continued weeping until the

morning, then he placed his head on the morning, then he placed his head on the grave and slept for a short time. He grave and slept for a short time. He dreamt that the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.), dreamt that the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.), surrounded by the angels from the left, surrounded by the angels from the left, right and front, coming towards him. The right and front, coming towards him. The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) came near and Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) came near and pressed Imam Husain (A.S.)'s head to his pressed Imam Husain (A.S.)'s head to his chest. Then he kissed him between his chest. Then he kissed him between his eyes and said :eyes and said :

Imam Hussain (A.S.) at the Imam Hussain (A.S.) at the Grave of the Holy Prophet Grave of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.)(S.A.W.) "O my beloved Hussain (A.S.)! It is as if I see you "O my beloved Hussain (A.S.)! It is as if I see you

smeared in blood at the place of grief and trials, smeared in blood at the place of grief and trials, and a group from among my people have and a group from among my people have beheaded you, and you are thirsty while they do beheaded you, and you are thirsty while they do not quench your thirst. In spite of this they not quench your thirst. In spite of this they desire my intercession (on the day of Qiyamah). desire my intercession (on the day of Qiyamah). May Allah keep them away from my May Allah keep them away from my intercession? O my beloved Hussain (A.S.)! Your intercession? O my beloved Hussain (A.S.)! Your Father, Mother and Brother have come to me Father, Mother and Brother have come to me and they are desirous of meeting you, And you and they are desirous of meeting you, And you have acquired such a lofty position in Paradise, have acquired such a lofty position in Paradise, that unless you attain Martyrdom you shall not that unless you attain Martyrdom you shall not get there.get there.

Imam Hussain (A.S.) at the Imam Hussain (A.S.) at the Grave of the Holy Prophet Grave of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.)(S.A.W.) Imam (A.S.) looked at his Holy Grandfather (S.A.W.) and Imam (A.S.) looked at his Holy Grandfather (S.A.W.) and

said:said:

"O Grandfather (S.A.W.)! I do not desire to return back "O Grandfather (S.A.W.)! I do not desire to return back to this world. Please take me along with you and enter to this world. Please take me along with you and enter me into your grave."me into your grave."

The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) replied:The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) replied:

"You should return back (towards the world) and attain "You should return back (towards the world) and attain martyrdom, and thus gain whatever great rewards Allah martyrdom, and thus gain whatever great rewards Allah has reserved for you. For on the day of Qiyamah, you, has reserved for you. For on the day of Qiyamah, you, your Father, your Uncle and Your Father's Uncle shall your Father, your Uncle and Your Father's Uncle shall arise as a distinguished group until you all enter arise as a distinguished group until you all enter Paradise."Paradise."

IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.) FIRST IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.) FIRST COMMUNIQUECOMMUNIQUE

He declared his first revolutionary He declared his first revolutionary communique which took the form of a communique which took the form of a will he wrote to his brother, Muhammad will he wrote to his brother, Muhammad Ibn Hanafiyyah:Ibn Hanafiyyah:

““...I did not revolt for the cause of evil ...I did not revolt for the cause of evil tyranny or corruption, but to reform my tyranny or corruption, but to reform my grandfather’s [Prophet Muhammad grandfather’s [Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)] nation. I want to enjoin the good (pbuh)] nation. I want to enjoin the good and denounce the evil, and take the and denounce the evil, and take the course of my father and grandfather.” course of my father and grandfather.”

IMAM HUSSAIN KNEW HE IMAM HUSSAIN KNEW HE WOULD BE MARTYREDWOULD BE MARTYRED

Ummul Momeneen (mother of Ummul Momeneen (mother of believers) , Umm-e-Salama, believers) , Umm-e-Salama, one of the Prophets wives, one of the Prophets wives, clung to him and adjured him clung to him and adjured him not to go. Then told him, not to go. Then told him, quoting from the Apostle of quoting from the Apostle of God (pbuh) that he would be God (pbuh) that he would be martyred. martyred.

Imam Hussein informed her Imam Hussein informed her soothingly:soothingly:

““Indeed, I know I am going Indeed, I know I am going to be martyred, mother.”to be martyred, mother.”

MUHAMMAD MUHAMMAD HANAFIYYAHHANAFIYYAH

There were two persons among the visitors with There were two persons among the visitors with whom Imam Hussein had a lengthy conversation whom Imam Hussein had a lengthy conversation and upon whose lives his decision had a direct and upon whose lives his decision had a direct impact.impact.

The first of them was Muhammad Ibn The first of them was Muhammad Ibn Hanafiyyah, the eldest of his brothers who, after Hanafiyyah, the eldest of his brothers who, after conferring with Imam Hussein wanted to conferring with Imam Hussein wanted to accompany him on this fateful journey. accompany him on this fateful journey.

Imam Hussein, however, told him to stay and Imam Hussein, however, told him to stay and send him the reports of everyday events that send him the reports of everyday events that passed in Madina during his absence.passed in Madina during his absence.

UMMUL BANINUMMUL BANIN

Just before Imam Hussein (pbuh) left Madina, Just before Imam Hussein (pbuh) left Madina, Ummul Banin (Mother of Sons) Summoned all her Ummul Banin (Mother of Sons) Summoned all her four sons (Abbas, Abdulla, Ja’far and Uthman) and four sons (Abbas, Abdulla, Ja’far and Uthman) and said to them :said to them :

““My sons you must remember that, Imam Hussein My sons you must remember that, Imam Hussein (pbuh) is your Master. If Imam or his sisters or his (pbuh) is your Master. If Imam or his sisters or his children get injured or hurt while you are still alive, I children get injured or hurt while you are still alive, I will never forgive you.” will never forgive you.”

There were tears in Abbas’s eyes as he promised his There were tears in Abbas’s eyes as he promised his mother that he and his brothers would lay down mother that he and his brothers would lay down their lives for Imam Hussein (pbuh) and his children.their lives for Imam Hussein (pbuh) and his children.

IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S) IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S) LEAVES MADINA FOR LEAVES MADINA FOR MECCAMECCA Two days remaining until the end of the month Two days remaining until the end of the month

of Rajab, on the night of Sunday, Imam Hussein of Rajab, on the night of Sunday, Imam Hussein (pbuh) left Madina for Mecca with a most simple (pbuh) left Madina for Mecca with a most simple caravan together with his family and a few caravan together with his family and a few companions.companions.

As he left, this verse of Quran was on his lips, a As he left, this verse of Quran was on his lips, a verse which relates the story of Moses as he fled verse which relates the story of Moses as he fled from Pharaoh’s Egypt: from Pharaoh’s Egypt:

He therefore got away there from, looking He therefore got away there from, looking about, in a state of fear. He prayed “O my about, in a state of fear. He prayed “O my Lord! Save me from people given to wrong-Lord! Save me from people given to wrong-doing.”doing.”Holy Quran (28:21)Holy Quran (28:21)

IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.) IN MECCAIN MECCA

The caravan completed its five day journey from The caravan completed its five day journey from Madina to Mecca and entered the city on the 3Madina to Mecca and entered the city on the 3rdrd of Sha’ban of the year 60 Hijrah. of Sha’ban of the year 60 Hijrah.

As he entered the city, Imam Hussein hopefully As he entered the city, Imam Hussein hopefully murmured this verse of the Quran - the words murmured this verse of the Quran - the words uttered by Moses as he entered Madyan fleeing uttered by Moses as he entered Madyan fleeing Pharaoh’s men: Pharaoh’s men:

Then, when he turned his face towards (the Then, when he turned his face towards (the land of) Madyan, he said: “I do hope that land of) Madyan, he said: “I do hope that my Lord will show me the smooth and my Lord will show me the smooth and straight Path.” straight Path.” Holy Quran (28:22)Holy Quran (28:22)

LETTERS TO IMAM LETTERS TO IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.)HUSSAIN(A.S.)

In the mean time the news about the political In the mean time the news about the political uprising in Kufa reached Mecca, and the uprising in Kufa reached Mecca, and the leaders of the city wrote a letter in which they leaders of the city wrote a letter in which they declared their opposition to the Umayyads declared their opposition to the Umayyads rule, and they would not accept anybody else rule, and they would not accept anybody else but Imam Hussein (pbuh) to rule them. but Imam Hussein (pbuh) to rule them.

This letter was followed twelve thousand This letter was followed twelve thousand (12,000) similar letters.(12,000) similar letters.

Fruits have ripened and fields have become Fruits have ripened and fields have become green. If you come you will have one green. If you come you will have one thousand swords supporting you. If you do not thousand swords supporting you. If you do not come to us, we will dispute with you in front come to us, we will dispute with you in front of God at doomsday.of God at doomsday.

MUSLIM GOES TO KUFAMUSLIM GOES TO KUFA

The Holy Imam commanded his cousin Muslim The Holy Imam commanded his cousin Muslim son of Aqeel, to proceed to Kufa which used to son of Aqeel, to proceed to Kufa which used to be the capital of Iraq at that time. And to be the capital of Iraq at that time. And to report from there, after studying the bona fide report from there, after studying the bona fide of the call from the people of the place. of the call from the people of the place.

In the middle of Ramadan 60 Hijra Muslim son In the middle of Ramadan 60 Hijra Muslim son of Aqeel left Makkah with two of his young of Aqeel left Makkah with two of his young sons Muhammad and Ibraheem. sons Muhammad and Ibraheem.

It is said that Muhammad was just ten (10) It is said that Muhammad was just ten (10) years old and Ibraheem was eight (8) years years old and Ibraheem was eight (8) years old.old.

MUSLIM IN KUFAMUSLIM IN KUFA

After reaching Kufa, he After reaching Kufa, he stayed in the house of Al-stayed in the house of Al-Mukhtar son of Abi Ubayda. Mukhtar son of Abi Ubayda.

The Kufees gave Muslim son The Kufees gave Muslim son of Aqeel a very warm of Aqeel a very warm reception and eighteen reception and eighteen thousands (18,000) of them thousands (18,000) of them paid their ‘Allegiance’ to the paid their ‘Allegiance’ to the Holy Imam on the hands of Holy Imam on the hands of Muslim son of Aqeel.Muslim son of Aqeel.

ZIAD WAS SENT TO ZIAD WAS SENT TO KUFAKUFA Yazid, having learnt of Muslim’s arrival Yazid, having learnt of Muslim’s arrival

at Kufa as the Deputy of the Holy Imam at Kufa as the Deputy of the Holy Imam and the Kufees having paid their and the Kufees having paid their homage to the Holy Imam, as their homage to the Holy Imam, as their religious head, sent Ubayd Allah son of religious head, sent Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad, a well-known enemy of the Ziyad, a well-known enemy of the Prophet’s family from Basra to handle Prophet’s family from Basra to handle the situation in his favor, by replacing the situation in his favor, by replacing previous Governor of Kufa Al- Numan previous Governor of Kufa Al- Numan son of Bashir.son of Bashir.

MUSLIM GOES TO HANI’S MUSLIM GOES TO HANI’S HOUSEHOUSE

When Muslim son of Aqeel heard of the When Muslim son of Aqeel heard of the coming of Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad to coming of Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad to Kufa, he left the house of Al-Mukhtar son Kufa, he left the house of Al-Mukhtar son of Abi Ubayda and went to the house of of Abi Ubayda and went to the house of Hani son of Urwa and went in to stay Hani son of Urwa and went in to stay there.there.

The People of Kufa began to visit Hani’s The People of Kufa began to visit Hani’s house secretly to keep it hidden from house secretly to keep it hidden from Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad and they Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad and they enjoined that it should be kept secret.enjoined that it should be kept secret.

KUFIS BETRAYAL KUFIS BETRAYAL BEGANBEGAN In a day or two, almost all the In a day or two, almost all the

leaders of the town were bribed; leaders of the town were bribed; some of the tribal leaders were some of the tribal leaders were arrested and put them into prison.arrested and put them into prison.

Hani son of Urwa, the good-Hani son of Urwa, the good-hearted Kufee who offered hearted Kufee who offered hospitality to Muslim son of Aqeel hospitality to Muslim son of Aqeel was mercilessly butchered.was mercilessly butchered.

MUSLIM HOMELESS IN MUSLIM HOMELESS IN KUFAKUFA None in Kufa would now even speak to Muslim and he None in Kufa would now even speak to Muslim and he

was left actually homeless, wandering in the streets was left actually homeless, wandering in the streets with everyone in town, now hostile to him. with everyone in town, now hostile to him.

None would allow him even to rest for a while in the None would allow him even to rest for a while in the shade of his house. At every door he stood, he was shade of his house. At every door he stood, he was being driven away, not even a cup of water he could being driven away, not even a cup of water he could have from anyone in the town. have from anyone in the town.

Hungry and thirsty, the helpless Deputy of the Holy Hungry and thirsty, the helpless Deputy of the Holy Imam actually wandered in the streets of Kufa with his Imam actually wandered in the streets of Kufa with his two innocent children, in the hope of help from two innocent children, in the hope of help from someone, but none took pity on him, and not even on someone, but none took pity on him, and not even on the innocent young children.the innocent young children.

MUSLIM SENDS HIS CHIDRENMUSLIM SENDS HIS CHIDREN

At last Muslim son of Aqeel At last Muslim son of Aqeel somehow managed to send his somehow managed to send his two young children out of Kufa two young children out of Kufa with his message to the Holy with his message to the Holy Imam, a counter to his previous Imam, a counter to his previous communication to him, communication to him, requesting Imam Hussein never requesting Imam Hussein never to think of Kufa anymore.to think of Kufa anymore.

MUSLIM AND MUSLIM AND TAWAHTAWAH Passing through a street Muslim son of Passing through a street Muslim son of

Aqeel halted at the door of a Godly Aqeel halted at the door of a Godly woman Tawah. woman Tawah.

She had been a slave-wife (Umm Walad) She had been a slave-wife (Umm Walad) of Al-Ashath Bin Qays and he had freed of Al-Ashath Bin Qays and he had freed her. her.

She had, then, married Usayd al-Hadrami She had, then, married Usayd al-Hadrami and had borne him (a son called) Bilal. and had borne him (a son called) Bilal.

Bilal had gone out with the people and his Bilal had gone out with the people and his mother was standing at the door waiting mother was standing at the door waiting for him.for him.

MUSLIM IS MUSLIM IS CAPTUREDCAPTURED

Muslim son of Aqeel heard the approach of the soldiers to Tawah’s house and apprehending that

if he stays any longer in the house, the house of the poor lady will be ruined, rushed out and shown great resistance. He killed many of them and they could not defeat him, so they dug a hole behind him and allured him to it. He fell into the hole and they captured him by the contingent and carried to the court (Dar Al-Imarah) of the Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad

MARTYRDOM OF MARTYRDOM OF MUSLIM AND HANI MUSLIM AND HANI No sooner Muslim son of Aqeel had No sooner Muslim son of Aqeel had

finished his prayer, and his cry to the finished his prayer, and his cry to the Holy Imam, fell the stroke of the sword Holy Imam, fell the stroke of the sword from the executioner. from the executioner.

His head was taken and the body was His head was taken and the body was thrown down on the ground. thrown down on the ground.

The heads of Hani son of Urwa and The heads of Hani son of Urwa and Muslim son of Aqeel were dispatched to Muslim son of Aqeel were dispatched to Yazid as a token of the faithful execution Yazid as a token of the faithful execution of his orders by his Deputy Ibn Ziad.of his orders by his Deputy Ibn Ziad.

BODIES OF MUSLIM BODIES OF MUSLIM AND HANI WERE AND HANI WERE BUTCHEREDBUTCHERED The bodies of Hani son of Urwa The bodies of Hani son of Urwa

and Muslim son of Aqeel, with a and Muslim son of Aqeel, with a rope tied in the legs, were dragged rope tied in the legs, were dragged into the streets of Kufa, as an into the streets of Kufa, as an active and visual warning to the active and visual warning to the people against their loyalty to the people against their loyalty to the House of the Holy Prophet and House of the Holy Prophet and particularly to Imam Hussein. particularly to Imam Hussein.

At last the body of Hani son of At last the body of Hani son of Urwa and Muslim son of Aqeel Urwa and Muslim son of Aqeel were hung at the gateway of the were hung at the gateway of the City and remained there hanging City and remained there hanging for days together.for days together.

SHAME ON PEOPLE OF SHAME ON PEOPLE OF KUFAKUFA

Muslim son of Aqeel attempted Muslim son of Aqeel attempted rising in Kufa was on Tuesday, 8rising in Kufa was on Tuesday, 8thth of Dhu al-Hijja in the year 60 of Dhu al-Hijja in the year 60 Hijra. He (May God have mercy on Hijra. He (May God have mercy on him) was martyred on him) was martyred on Wednesday, 9th on the Day of Wednesday, 9th on the Day of Arafa.Arafa.

MARTYRDOM OF THE MARTYRDOM OF THE CHILDREN OF MUSLIMCHILDREN OF MUSLIM

When Harith wanted to When Harith wanted to behead them, the children behead them, the children cried to the good lady cried to the good lady addressing her as ‘Mother addressing her as ‘Mother dear!’ dear!’

The poor lady was already The poor lady was already imploring the brute of her imploring the brute of her husband not to lay his hands husband not to lay his hands on the helpless innocents. on the helpless innocents.

But the heartless brute But the heartless brute would not listen to the would not listen to the implore from the lady. When implore from the lady. When he raised his sword, the lady he raised his sword, the lady ran to intervene and stop the ran to intervene and stop the stroke, and got her two stroke, and got her two hands severed.hands severed.

MARTYRDOM OF THE MARTYRDOM OF THE CHIDREN OF MUSLIMCHIDREN OF MUSLIM With a stroke of the sword the head of the With a stroke of the sword the head of the

elder one of the two innocents fell and Harith elder one of the two innocents fell and Harith threw the body into the river, and then threw the body into the river, and then turning to the younger one, he did the same. turning to the younger one, he did the same.

It is said that the body of first floated It is said that the body of first floated stationary in the waves of the river until the stationary in the waves of the river until the body of the second one joined it and both body of the second one joined it and both floated away together.floated away together.

Harith cleansed the blood from the head and Harith cleansed the blood from the head and

faces of the children and went on his way to faces of the children and went on his way to meet Ibn Ziyad.meet Ibn Ziyad.

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) LEAVES MECCALEAVES MECCA No Refuge for the Holy Imam Even in the No Refuge for the Holy Imam Even in the

Holy KaabaHoly Kaaba Imam Hussein only waited for the pilgrimage to Imam Hussein only waited for the pilgrimage to

start, so that he can proceed towards Kufa start, so that he can proceed towards Kufa thereafter. But he got intelligence about the thereafter. But he got intelligence about the plot to kill him even in the Holy Sanctuary.plot to kill him even in the Holy Sanctuary.

The next day was the day of the pilgrimage and The next day was the day of the pilgrimage and Imam Hussein in the interest of the sanctity of Imam Hussein in the interest of the sanctity of the place could remain there no more. The Holy the place could remain there no more. The Holy Imam decided to leave the place with his whole Imam decided to leave the place with his whole caravan, performing the briefer pilgrimage caravan, performing the briefer pilgrimage ‘Umra’ instead of the full pilgrimage ‘Hajj .‘Umra’ instead of the full pilgrimage ‘Hajj .

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) GOES TOWARD KUFAGOES TOWARD KUFA Imam Hussein left Makkah on the Imam Hussein left Makkah on the

8th of Dhul-Hijjah, 60 of Hijrah 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, 60 of Hijrah preceded towards Kufa.preceded towards Kufa.

TRAVELING MAP OF TRAVELING MAP OF IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.)IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.)

AL HAJIRAL HAJIR

Al-Hajir: Al-Hajir: Here, the Imam set camp. He Here, the Imam set camp. He wrote a letter to Muslim son of Aqeel wrote a letter to Muslim son of Aqeel and gave it to Qays son of Mashar Al-and gave it to Qays son of Mashar Al-Saydawi to take to Kufa.Saydawi to take to Kufa.

When Qays son of Mashar Al-Saydawi When Qays son of Mashar Al-Saydawi reached Al-Qudisiyyah, Ubayd Allah reached Al-Qudisiyyah, Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad’s army captured him.son of Ziyad’s army captured him.

Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad ordered for Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad ordered for him to be thrown from the top of the him to be thrown from the top of the Castle. He fell and died.Castle. He fell and died.

ZUROODZUROOD

Zurood:Zurood: At this stop, the news At this stop, the news

of the martyrdom of of the martyrdom of Hani son of Urwa and Hani son of Urwa and Muslim son of Aqeel Muslim son of Aqeel reached the Imam. reached the Imam. The Imam was deeply The Imam was deeply upset and many times upset and many times said, “God bless said, “God bless them.”them.”

HURR MEET IMAM HURR MEET IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN DHU-HUSSAIN (A.S.) IN DHU-HASMHASM They took shelter at a place called Dhu-Hasm.They took shelter at a place called Dhu-Hasm. Then, at noon, the command of a famous Then, at noon, the command of a famous

Commander Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi, with Commander Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi, with 1,000 soldiers, appeared in front of the Imam.1,000 soldiers, appeared in front of the Imam.

He was carrying a message from Ubayd Allah He was carrying a message from Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad ordering him to prevent the Imam son of Ziyad ordering him to prevent the Imam from returning to Medina or capture him and from returning to Medina or capture him and bring him to Kufa. bring him to Kufa.

By the time they met Imam Husain’s caravan By the time they met Imam Husain’s caravan Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi and his troops had Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi and his troops had run out of water and were nearly dying of run out of water and were nearly dying of thirst.thirst.

HURR PRAYS WITH HURR PRAYS WITH IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.)IMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.) When the Imam saw that the army When the Imam saw that the army

of Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi was of Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi was thirsty, he asked his followers to thirsty, he asked his followers to give them and their horse’s water.give them and their horse’s water.

Then, they made the call to prayer Then, they made the call to prayer for the Dhuhr (Noon Prayer). for the Dhuhr (Noon Prayer).

The Imam said to Hurr son of Yazid The Imam said to Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi, “You are the chief of your Al-Riyahi, “You are the chief of your army. You go and pray with your army. You go and pray with your own people.”own people.”

Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi replied, Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi replied, "No. We pray with you." Hurr son of "No. We pray with you." Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi, with all of his troops, Yazid Al-Riyahi, with all of his troops, prayed behind Imam Hussein.prayed behind Imam Hussein.

HURR RESPESCTS HURR RESPESCTS LADY FTIMA (S.A.)LADY FTIMA (S.A.) Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi said:Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi said: I have been ordered not to leave you alone until I I have been ordered not to leave you alone until I

bring you back to Kufa to Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad.bring you back to Kufa to Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad. Then, for the first time in his life, the Imam spoke Then, for the first time in his life, the Imam spoke

an insult, “Your mother sits mourning you.” Then an insult, “Your mother sits mourning you.” Then he said, “What do you want from us?”he said, “What do you want from us?”

Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi replied, “If anyone Hurr son of Yazid Al-Riyahi replied, “If anyone beside you had said those words to me, I would beside you had said those words to me, I would have replied the same to him, but I cannot do that have replied the same to him, but I cannot do that to you for your mother is Fatima (pbuh).to you for your mother is Fatima (pbuh).

However, take a road between, which does not However, take a road between, which does not reach Kufa nor goes to Medina, until I write to reach Kufa nor goes to Medina, until I write to Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad and see what his orders Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad and see what his orders are. May God relieve me from this catastrophe.”are. May God relieve me from this catastrophe.”

IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.) REACHES KARBALAREACHES KARBALA the Imam’s caravan the Imam’s caravan

went with Hurr’s went with Hurr’s troops following troops following behind until they behind until they reached Karbala reached Karbala (Land of distress & (Land of distress & disaster). The day, disaster). The day, Holy Imam’s Holy Imam’s caravan reached caravan reached Karbala was 2nd of Karbala was 2nd of Muharram, 61 Hijra.Muharram, 61 Hijra.

PROMISED LANDPROMISED LAND

““Surely this is the plain I was Surely this is the plain I was in quest of. This is the place in quest of. This is the place where my holy Grandfather where my holy Grandfather had prophesied that I, with all had prophesied that I, with all my faithful companions, will my faithful companions, will lay slain after suffering three lay slain after suffering three day’s hunger and thirst. Here day’s hunger and thirst. Here will the Garden of Fatima be will the Garden of Fatima be cut and destroyed. I cannot cut and destroyed. I cannot and I will not move an inch and I will not move an inch from this place, I have reached from this place, I have reached the destined destination.”the destined destination.”

Imam Hussein, set up camp by Imam Hussein, set up camp by the banks of the river the banks of the river Euphrates known as the Al-Euphrates known as the Al-Qama.Qama.

UMAR SAAD COMES TO UMAR SAAD COMES TO KARBALAKARBALA On the 3rd of Muharram Ubayd Allah son of On the 3rd of Muharram Ubayd Allah son of

Ziyad sent an army counting four thousand Ziyad sent an army counting four thousand led by Umar son of Saad Abi Waqqas.They led by Umar son of Saad Abi Waqqas.They were the first to move towards Karbala.were the first to move towards Karbala.

Regiment after regiment began to pour in on Regiment after regiment began to pour in on the plain of Karbala from all sides until they the plain of Karbala from all sides until they were (30,000) thirty thousand and ultimately were (30,000) thirty thousand and ultimately the enemy’s forces compelled Hussein to the enemy’s forces compelled Hussein to shift his camp from the bank of the river to shift his camp from the bank of the river to the interior of the burning desert.the interior of the burning desert.

IMAM MOVED FROM THE IMAM MOVED FROM THE BANK OF THE RIVER TO BANK OF THE RIVER TO THE DESERTTHE DESERT

Hussain’s brother, the lion-hearted Abbas, Hussain’s brother, the lion-hearted Abbas, objected to this demand from the enemy, objected to this demand from the enemy, claiming priority of occupation.claiming priority of occupation.

““Brother Abbas! Let not bloodshed be initiated Brother Abbas! Let not bloodshed be initiated from our side. Let them occupy any place they from our side. Let them occupy any place they like.like.

They call themselves my Grandfather’s They call themselves my Grandfather’s followers. Let them enjoy every comfort they followers. Let them enjoy every comfort they want. We shall suffer for them, being away want. We shall suffer for them, being away from the water. When God is with us, Brother, from the water. When God is with us, Brother, what if, the river is far away from us.”what if, the river is far away from us.”

SAAD ASK IMAM TO SAAD ASK IMAM TO PAY ALLEGIANCE TO PAY ALLEGIANCE TO YAZIDYAZID Son of Saad the Commander of the Brute Son of Saad the Commander of the Brute

armies met Imam Hussein on the banks armies met Imam Hussein on the banks of the river and demanded ‘allegiance’ of the river and demanded ‘allegiance’ on behalf of the tyrant Yazid and said:on behalf of the tyrant Yazid and said:

““If you pay homage to Yazid, everything If you pay homage to Yazid, everything will go well for you and whatever worldly will go well for you and whatever worldly comforts and privileges you desire for, comforts and privileges you desire for, will be at your disposal. Otherwise, it will will be at your disposal. Otherwise, it will end in a massacre of yourself and all end in a massacre of yourself and all your dear ones here.”your dear ones here.”

Imam Hussein firmly refused to pay the Imam Hussein firmly refused to pay the ‘allegiance’ saying:‘allegiance’ saying:

SAAD ASK IMAM TO SAAD ASK IMAM TO PAY ALLEGIANCE TO PAY ALLEGIANCE TO YAZIDYAZID ““Tell Yazid to tempt with the worldly Tell Yazid to tempt with the worldly

comforts those who are after this World.comforts those who are after this World. I am the Imam, the representative of the I am the Imam, the representative of the

Apostle of God. I shall never yield to the Apostle of God. I shall never yield to the one who believe not in God and who defied one who believe not in God and who defied the Word of the Lord, in word and deed, the Word of the Lord, in word and deed, and who spread godlessness on the earth. and who spread godlessness on the earth.

Let any calamity befall on me & my dear Let any calamity befall on me & my dear ones, the will of the Lord shall be followed. ones, the will of the Lord shall be followed. Hussein will cheerfully meet any Hussein will cheerfully meet any catastrophe but never surrender Truth to catastrophe but never surrender Truth to falsehood.”falsehood.”

THEY CUT THE WATER THEY CUT THE WATER

At last on the 7th Muharram 61 Hijra At last on the 7th Muharram 61 Hijra the Commander of Yazid’s forces the Commander of Yazid’s forces received orders to cut off all sources of received orders to cut off all sources of supply to the Holy Imam’s camp and supply to the Holy Imam’s camp and not allow even a drop of water to not allow even a drop of water to reach any of the inmates therein.reach any of the inmates therein.

Hurr remembered how kind Imam Hurr remembered how kind Imam Hussein was when he needed water. Hussein was when he needed water. He asked Umar son of Saad to give He asked Umar son of Saad to give water to Imam Hussain’s camp or at water to Imam Hussain’s camp or at least to the children, but Umar son of least to the children, but Umar son of Saad showed no pity.Saad showed no pity.

IMAM ASKS FOR ONE IMAM ASKS FOR ONE MORE NIGHT TO PRAYMORE NIGHT TO PRAY On the 9th of Muharram a final On the 9th of Muharram a final

warning was sent to Imam warning was sent to Imam Hussein from Umar son of Saad Hussein from Umar son of Saad that if he did not surrender, he that if he did not surrender, he would be killed. Imam Hussein would be killed. Imam Hussein refused to bow down to his refused to bow down to his threats.threats.

IMAM ASKS FOR ONE IMAM ASKS FOR ONE MORE NIGHT TO PRAYMORE NIGHT TO PRAY Imam Hussein sent word to the Imam Hussein sent word to the

enemy’s Commander, Umar son enemy’s Commander, Umar son of Saad through the brave Abbas of Saad through the brave Abbas with the request for a night’s time with the request for a night’s time to spend it in his last prayers to to spend it in his last prayers to the Lord which was at first the Lord which was at first refused but ultimately with much refused but ultimately with much reluctance granted.reluctance granted.

IMAM ASKS FOR ONE IMAM ASKS FOR ONE MORE NIGHT TO PRAYMORE NIGHT TO PRAY On the evening of the 9th, six On the evening of the 9th, six

thousand (6,000) men led by thousand (6,000) men led by ‘Shimr son of Zil Jawshan’ were ‘Shimr son of Zil Jawshan’ were the last detachment to reach the last detachment to reach Karbala.Karbala.

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE At last on the 9th of Muharram, soon after the At last on the 9th of Muharram, soon after the

enemy’s consent to wait till the following enemy’s consent to wait till the following morning, the Holy Imam, after the ‘Isha’ or the morning, the Holy Imam, after the ‘Isha’ or the night prayers summoned the remaining night prayers summoned the remaining people and addressed them thus:people and addressed them thus:

““You are all free, my companions, members of You are all free, my companions, members of my family, my sons, and my nephews - my family, my sons, and my nephews - everyone – to leave without being liable to everyone – to leave without being liable to anything. anything.

..

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE I release you from the oath and excused I release you from the oath and excused

you all and you may go free from my you all and you may go free from my obligation. They (i.e. the enemy forces) obligation. They (i.e. the enemy forces) have nothing against anyone except have nothing against anyone except me. Do not feel guilty; the night is dark. me. Do not feel guilty; the night is dark.

Take advantage of the darkness of the Take advantage of the darkness of the night and depart, let each one of you night and depart, let each one of you take the hand of one of my household. take the hand of one of my household. Leave me to my fate and save Leave me to my fate and save yourselves. They will definitely not stop yourselves. They will definitely not stop you.you.

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE Hearing this his brothers, sons, Hearing this his brothers, sons,

nephews and the sons of Abdullah nephews and the sons of Abdullah bin Ja'far said, "We shall never do bin Ja'far said, "We shall never do this so as to remain alive after you. this so as to remain alive after you. May Allah never cause this to May Allah never cause this to happen." Hazrat Abbas bin Ali (A.S.) happen." Hazrat Abbas bin Ali (A.S.) preceded in the declaration and preceded in the declaration and others followed suit.others followed suit.

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE Then Imam turned towards the sons of Aqeel bin Abi Then Imam turned towards the sons of Aqeel bin Abi

Talib and said,Talib and said,"The sacrifice of Muslim is sufficient for you, hence I "The sacrifice of Muslim is sufficient for you, hence I permit you to go away."permit you to go away."They replied, "Glory be to Allah! What will the people They replied, "Glory be to Allah! What will the people say? They will say that we have forsaken our chief, say? They will say that we have forsaken our chief, master and a cousin who was a best cousin. And that master and a cousin who was a best cousin. And that we did not shoot arrows alongside him, thrust spears we did not shoot arrows alongside him, thrust spears and did not strike our swords besides him, and we and did not strike our swords besides him, and we would not know what to do (regarding this accusation). would not know what to do (regarding this accusation).

By Allah! We shall never ever do this. In fact we shall By Allah! We shall never ever do this. In fact we shall sacrifice our lives, wealth and our family for you. We sacrifice our lives, wealth and our family for you. We shall fight alongside you until we reach the fate besides shall fight alongside you until we reach the fate besides you. May life be ugly after you (if we remain alive)."you. May life be ugly after you (if we remain alive)."

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE Then Muslim bin Ausaja arose and said, "Shall we forsake Then Muslim bin Ausaja arose and said, "Shall we forsake

you? Then when we go to the presence of the Almighty, you? Then when we go to the presence of the Almighty, what excuse shall we present to Him regarding the what excuse shall we present to Him regarding the fulfillment of your rights? No, By Allah! I shall pierce this fulfillment of your rights? No, By Allah! I shall pierce this lance of mine in the hearts of the enemies, and shall strike lance of mine in the hearts of the enemies, and shall strike them with my sword until its hilt remains in my hands, and if them with my sword until its hilt remains in my hands, and if no weapon remains with me to fight with them, I shall attack no weapon remains with me to fight with them, I shall attack them with stones. them with stones.

By Allah! We shall not lift our hands off you, until it is proved By Allah! We shall not lift our hands off you, until it is proved to Allah that we have honored the regard of the Prophet to Allah that we have honored the regard of the Prophet (S.A.W.) in respect of you. By Allah! Even if I know that I (S.A.W.) in respect of you. By Allah! Even if I know that I shall be killed and then made to rise again and then killed shall be killed and then made to rise again and then killed and burnt and my ashes be scattered around, and this shall and burnt and my ashes be scattered around, and this shall happen seventy times, even then I shall not forsake you happen seventy times, even then I shall not forsake you until I am killed in your obedience. Then how should I until I am killed in your obedience. Then how should I forsake this when I know that death is to come only once, forsake this when I know that death is to come only once, after which a great blessing awaits me."after which a great blessing awaits me."

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE Then Zuhayr bin Qayn arose and said, "By Then Zuhayr bin Qayn arose and said, "By

Allah! I hold dear that I should be killed then Allah! I hold dear that I should be killed then made to arise and again killed, and this should made to arise and again killed, and this should happen to me a thousand times, and thus happen to me a thousand times, and thus Allah, the Mighty, the Sublime, may defend you Allah, the Mighty, the Sublime, may defend you and your family from being killed."and your family from being killed."Then all the other companions unanimously Then all the other companions unanimously repeated the same. (Tabari) They said, "By repeated the same. (Tabari) They said, "By Allah! We shall not abandon you; in fact our Allah! We shall not abandon you; in fact our lives shall be sacrificed for your life. We shall lives shall be sacrificed for your life. We shall defend you with our necks, faces and hands. defend you with our necks, faces and hands. Then we all shall die while having performed Then we all shall die while having performed our duty."our duty."

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE At the end of his speech, At the end of his speech,

the Holy Imam asked his the Holy Imam asked his brother Abbas to put out brother Abbas to put out the lamp in the tent so the lamp in the tent so that people may walk that people may walk away in the darkness away in the darkness without being ashamed without being ashamed of being seen by him.of being seen by him.

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE It is reported that as soon as the It is reported that as soon as the

lamp was put out, all those who had lamp was put out, all those who had accompanied the Holy Imam from accompanied the Holy Imam from Makkah in their vain hopes of Makkah in their vain hopes of making their own fortune, began to making their own fortune, began to desert the Holy Imam in batches desert the Holy Imam in batches and when the lamp was again lit and when the lamp was again lit after a while, there were left only a after a while, there were left only a few here and there.few here and there.

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE Imam (A.S.) said,Imam (A.S.) said,

"All of you will be killed tomorrow and no one "All of you will be killed tomorrow and no one will be spared."will be spared."They replied, "Praise be to Allah who has They replied, "Praise be to Allah who has bestowed grace upon us to be martyred along bestowed grace upon us to be martyred along with you." Then Imam (A.S.) prayed for them with you." Then Imam (A.S.) prayed for them and told them to lift up their heads. They did and told them to lift up their heads. They did so and saw their status in Paradise, and Imam so and saw their status in Paradise, and Imam (A.S.) showed them one after the other their (A.S.) showed them one after the other their places therein. Thus every one was forwarding places therein. Thus every one was forwarding his face and chest facing the swords, so as to his face and chest facing the swords, so as to enter the status in Paradise.enter the status in Paradise.

IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO IMAM ASKS PEOPLE TO LEAVELEAVE And those who remained And those who remained

constituted the Godly band of the constituted the Godly band of the Holy Seventy-Two (72) who stood Holy Seventy-Two (72) who stood fast by the Holy Imam in the fast by the Holy Imam in the battle for Truth to save the battle for Truth to save the human race against its falling into human race against its falling into the abyss of falsehood.the abyss of falsehood.

Imam Hussain's Imam Hussain's Sermon on the Day of Sermon on the Day of AshuraAshura "Now then! Consider my family, and ponder as to "Now then! Consider my family, and ponder as to

who I am and then admonish yourselves. Then do who I am and then admonish yourselves. Then do you consider that killing me and plundering my you consider that killing me and plundering my sanctity and respect is lawful for you?sanctity and respect is lawful for you?

Am I not the grandson of your Prophet (S.A.W.) Am I not the grandson of your Prophet (S.A.W.) and the son of his Vicegerent and cousin, who and the son of his Vicegerent and cousin, who was the foremost in believing and the bearer of was the foremost in believing and the bearer of witness upon everything that the Prophet witness upon everything that the Prophet (S.A.W.) had brought from Allah? Was not Hamza, (S.A.W.) had brought from Allah? Was not Hamza, the chief of Martyrs, the uncle of my father? Was the chief of Martyrs, the uncle of my father? Was not Ja'far, who flies with two wings in Paradise, not Ja'far, who flies with two wings in Paradise, my Uncle? Did not the Tradition of the Prophet my Uncle? Did not the Tradition of the Prophet (S.A.W.) reach you in which he has said about me (S.A.W.) reach you in which he has said about me and my brother that both of us are the chiefs of and my brother that both of us are the chiefs of the youth of Paradise?the youth of Paradise?

Imam Hussain's Imam Hussain's Sermon on the Day of Sermon on the Day of AshuraAshura Then if you agree to what I say, and verily what I Then if you agree to what I say, and verily what I

have said is nothing but the truth, then it is have said is nothing but the truth, then it is better, for by Allah, from the time I have realized better, for by Allah, from the time I have realized that Allah dislikes the liars, I have never ever that Allah dislikes the liars, I have never ever spoken a lie. spoken a lie.

Then if you do not believe to what I say, there are Then if you do not believe to what I say, there are alive among you the companions of the Prophet alive among you the companions of the Prophet (S.A.W.). Go to them and ask them and they shall (S.A.W.). Go to them and ask them and they shall bear testimony to the truthfulness of my speech. bear testimony to the truthfulness of my speech.

Ask Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari, Abu Sa'eed Khudri, Ask Jabir bin Abdullah Ansari, Abu Sa'eed Khudri, Sahl bin Sa'ad Sa'edi, Zayd bin Arqam and Anas Sahl bin Sa'ad Sa'edi, Zayd bin Arqam and Anas bin Malik, they will tell you that they have heard bin Malik, they will tell you that they have heard this tradition from the Prophet of Allah (S.A.W.) this tradition from the Prophet of Allah (S.A.W.) regarding me and my brother. Is not this regarding me and my brother. Is not this sufficient to refrain you from shedding my blood"?sufficient to refrain you from shedding my blood"?

Imam Hussain's Imam Hussain's Sermon on the Day of Sermon on the Day of AshuraAshura Then Shimr bin Ziljawshan, the accursed said, "I Then Shimr bin Ziljawshan, the accursed said, "I

worship Allah (only) by lips (half heartedly), and worship Allah (only) by lips (half heartedly), and do not understand what you say." Hearing this do not understand what you say." Hearing this Habib bin Mazahir said, "I can see that you Habib bin Mazahir said, "I can see that you worship Allah with seventy types of doubts, and worship Allah with seventy types of doubts, and I bear testimony that you have spoken the truth I bear testimony that you have spoken the truth and you cannot understand what the Imam and you cannot understand what the Imam says, for Allah has placed a seal (of ignorance) says, for Allah has placed a seal (of ignorance) upon your heart."upon your heart."

Imam (A.S.) continued,Imam (A.S.) continued,"Then if you doubt this, do you even doubt that "Then if you doubt this, do you even doubt that I am the grandson of the Prophet of Allah I am the grandson of the Prophet of Allah (S.A.W.)? (S.A.W.)?

Imam Hussain's Imam Hussain's Sermon on the Day of Sermon on the Day of AshuraAshura There is no other grandson of the There is no other grandson of the

Prophet (S.A.W.) in the East or the Prophet (S.A.W.) in the East or the West except myself from among West except myself from among yourselves or anyone else. Woe be yourselves or anyone else. Woe be to you! Have I killed anyone from to you! Have I killed anyone from among you whose revenge you among you whose revenge you desire? Or have I usurped the desire? Or have I usurped the wealth of anyone or hurt anyone wealth of anyone or hurt anyone whose retribution you desire from whose retribution you desire from me"?me"?

Imam Hussain's Imam Hussain's Sermon on the Day of Sermon on the Day of AshuraAshura When no one answered him, he (A.S.) called out When no one answered him, he (A.S.) called out

in a loud voice,in a loud voice,

"O Shabas bin Rab'ee! O Hajjar bin Abjar! O "O Shabas bin Rab'ee! O Hajjar bin Abjar! O Qays bin Ash'as! O Yazeed bin Haris! Have you Qays bin Ash'as! O Yazeed bin Haris! Have you not written letters to me saying that the fruits not written letters to me saying that the fruits had ripened and the surrounding earth had had ripened and the surrounding earth had blossomed, and to come to a huge army blossomed, and to come to a huge army prepared for me"?prepared for me"?

They replied that they had not written any such They replied that they had not written any such letters. Imam said,letters. Imam said,"Glory be to Allah! Yes by Allah, you had written "Glory be to Allah! Yes by Allah, you had written it."it."Then he (A.S.) continued,Then he (A.S.) continued,

Imam Hussain's Imam Hussain's Sermon on the Day of Sermon on the Day of AshuraAshura O people! Then now if you do not like my arrival, then O people! Then now if you do not like my arrival, then

leave me so that I may go away to a place of refuge."leave me so that I may go away to a place of refuge."

Qays bin Ash'as said, "We do not know what you say. Qays bin Ash'as said, "We do not know what you say. Then submit yourselves to your cousins (Bani Then submit yourselves to your cousins (Bani Umayyah), they shall deal with you in a manner which Umayyah), they shall deal with you in a manner which you like." Imam replied:you like." Imam replied:

"By Allah! I shall not give my hands in yours like a "By Allah! I shall not give my hands in yours like a base man, nor shall I flee away like a slave."base man, nor shall I flee away like a slave."

Then he (A.S.) called out in a loud voice,Then he (A.S.) called out in a loud voice,"O servants of Allah! 'And verily, I take refuge with "O servants of Allah! 'And verily, I take refuge with my Lord and your's, lest you stone me (to death)' and my Lord and your's, lest you stone me (to death)' and I take refuge with my Lord and your's, from every I take refuge with my Lord and your's, from every arrogant, who does not believe in the day of arrogant, who does not believe in the day of reckoning."reckoning."

QASIM SON OF IMAM QASIM SON OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)HASSAN (A.S.)

The young thirteen (13) The young thirteen (13) year old Qasim son of year old Qasim son of Imam Hassan (pbuh) Imam Hassan (pbuh) wondered if he too would wondered if he too would be one of the martyrs. He be one of the martyrs. He thought to himself, after thought to himself, after all I am only a boy. all I am only a boy. Perhaps the Imam means Perhaps the Imam means that only the elderly would that only the elderly would be martyred. I am just a be martyred. I am just a minor. Therefore, he minor. Therefore, he turned to the Imam and turned to the Imam and asked him: asked him:

QASIM SON OF IMAM QASIM SON OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)HASSAN (A.S.) Will I be among those who will be killed?Will I be among those who will be killed? The Imam says to him,The Imam says to him,

“ “Qasim, first let me ask you a question. I will Qasim, first let me ask you a question. I will reply after you have answered me.” “My reply after you have answered me.” “My nephew, tell me, how do you regard death nephew, tell me, how do you regard death and what do you think about getting killed?”and what do you think about getting killed?”

““It is sweeter to me than honey!” It is sweeter to me than honey!” i.e., “I i.e., “I haven’t a desire that should be dearer & haven’t a desire that should be dearer & sweeter to me!”sweeter to me!”

THE FINAL MOMENTSTHE FINAL MOMENTS

This small band of Godly souls, pure in their This small band of Godly souls, pure in their spirit and sincere in their desire to fight and fall spirit and sincere in their desire to fight and fall in the way of the Lord spent the night in in the way of the Lord spent the night in prayers, reciting the Holy Quran & rejoicing in prayers, reciting the Holy Quran & rejoicing in the hope to drink the fast approaching cup of the hope to drink the fast approaching cup of martyrdom the following morning.martyrdom the following morning.

The noble mothers of the family of the Holy The noble mothers of the family of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) were busy advising their young Prophet (pbuh) were busy advising their young sons to be steadfast in facing the might of the sons to be steadfast in facing the might of the enemy in defense of the right, and to lay down enemy in defense of the right, and to lay down their lives cheerfully and thus to drink the cup their lives cheerfully and thus to drink the cup of martyrdom in the cause of the correct of martyrdom in the cause of the correct guidance of the Human Race.guidance of the Human Race.

THE FINAL MOMENTSTHE FINAL MOMENTS

The night following the ninth day of Muharram The night following the ninth day of Muharram presented a unique spectacle which has no presented a unique spectacle which has no parallel in the history of the world.parallel in the history of the world.

Imam Hussein had to offer the sacrifice which Imam Hussein had to offer the sacrifice which had been termed by God Himself as ‘Zibh-e-had been termed by God Himself as ‘Zibh-e-Azeem’ the Great Sacrifice (37:104-108). The Azeem’ the Great Sacrifice (37:104-108). The purity of his body and the divinity of his soul purity of his body and the divinity of his soul were unquestionable, but those whom he had were unquestionable, but those whom he had to offer along with himself in the way of the to offer along with himself in the way of the Lord, had to be of some purity worthy to be Lord, had to be of some purity worthy to be blessed with the martyrdom.blessed with the martyrdom.

HURR JOINS IMAMHURR JOINS IMAM

On the morning of 10th On the morning of 10th Muharram, Hurr called his Muharram, Hurr called his son secretly in his tent and son secretly in his tent and said: “We are doomed said: “We are doomed driven towards ‘hell’. There driven towards ‘hell’. There is yet time. I have decided is yet time. I have decided to dash out of the ranks of to dash out of the ranks of Satan and join the side of Satan and join the side of the Imam Hussein (pbuh) the Imam Hussein (pbuh) and seek pardon of the son and seek pardon of the son of the Apostle of God. Would of the Apostle of God. Would you like to accompany me you like to accompany me or stay where you are?”or stay where you are?”

HURR JOINS IMAMHURR JOINS IMAM

The son of Hurr readily The son of Hurr readily consented to accompany him consented to accompany him and Hurr’s slave who was a and Hurr’s slave who was a faithful & trusted one of his faithful & trusted one of his master, was present in the tent master, was present in the tent and implored saying Master! and implored saying Master! Take me away from this God’s Take me away from this God’s cursed side, along with you. cursed side, along with you. Please don’t leave me for hell Please don’t leave me for hell and Hurr agreed.and Hurr agreed.

MARTYRDOM OF HURRMARTYRDOM OF HURR

And when the fight against the devil began, And when the fight against the devil began, Hurr was the first one who went into the field Hurr was the first one who went into the field against the enemy and charged bravely like against the enemy and charged bravely like a wolf among a herd of Sheep and laid down a wolf among a herd of Sheep and laid down his life, after killing more than forty (40) of his life, after killing more than forty (40) of enemies.enemies.

The last thing Hurr heard before he died was The last thing Hurr heard before he died was Imam Hussein telling him your mother made Imam Hussein telling him your mother made the right choice by naming you Hurr (The the right choice by naming you Hurr (The Freeman). Body of Hurr was carried by his Freeman). Body of Hurr was carried by his tribe and buried.tribe and buried.

MARTYRDOM OF MARTYRDOM OF COMPANIONSCOMPANIONS Imam Hussain’s companions were determined Imam Hussain’s companions were determined

that as long as one of them was alive, they would that as long as one of them was alive, they would not allow the blood of Imam Hussein and his not allow the blood of Imam Hussein and his family spill in Karbala. family spill in Karbala.

From early that morning, Imam Hussein together From early that morning, Imam Hussein together with Abbas the brave, Ali Akbar and others carried with Abbas the brave, Ali Akbar and others carried the bodies of their companions back to the camp.the bodies of their companions back to the camp.

Although these brave soldiers did not have their Although these brave soldiers did not have their own families to mourn their death, the ladies in own families to mourn their death, the ladies in Imam Hussain’s camp cried for them as if they Imam Hussain’s camp cried for them as if they were part of their own family.were part of their own family.

When the dust of the battle settled, around fifty of When the dust of the battle settled, around fifty of Imam Hussein (pbuh)’s companions were Imam Hussein (pbuh)’s companions were martyred.martyred.

WAHAB THE WAHAB THE CHRISTIANCHRISTIAN Wahab son of Abdullah Al-Kalby was a Christian, Wahab son of Abdullah Al-Kalby was a Christian,

who was accompanied by his newly married wife who was accompanied by his newly married wife and mother. All of them declared their Islam and mother. All of them declared their Islam before Imam Hussein (pbuh) on the way to before Imam Hussein (pbuh) on the way to Karbala.Karbala.

During the Battle between Holy Imam (pbuh) and During the Battle between Holy Imam (pbuh) and his enemies Wahab’s mother said: “My son, go his enemies Wahab’s mother said: “My son, go and support the son of God’s messenger.”and support the son of God’s messenger.”

Wahab fought like an angry lion and he killed so Wahab fought like an angry lion and he killed so many of the enemies, but the enemies had no many of the enemies, but the enemies had no choice but to shower him with arrows till he was choice but to shower him with arrows till he was martyred.martyred.

MARTYRDOM OF MARTYRDOM OF WAHAB AND HIS WIFEWAHAB AND HIS WIFE The enemies beheaded Wahab and The enemies beheaded Wahab and

threw his head besides his wife’s tent. threw his head besides his wife’s tent. His wife came out and started to wipe His wife came out and started to wipe the blood and dust from Wahab’s face. the blood and dust from Wahab’s face.

Shimr saw her and ordered his slave to Shimr saw her and ordered his slave to strike her; she fell down beside her strike her; she fell down beside her husband’s head, thus becoming the husband’s head, thus becoming the first women to be killed from Imam first women to be killed from Imam Hussain’s camp.Hussain’s camp.

ZOHR PRAYERZOHR PRAYER

It was now midday, and the time for It was now midday, and the time for Zuhur prayer was approaching.Zuhur prayer was approaching.

Imam Hussein (pbuh) asked Hajjaj to Imam Hussein (pbuh) asked Hajjaj to make the Azan and asked the enemy make the Azan and asked the enemy to cease fighting till they pray. to cease fighting till they pray.

First they didn’t accept but had to First they didn’t accept but had to agree due to differences in their agree due to differences in their camp.camp.

ZOHR PRAYERZOHR PRAYER

In the heat of the battle on the day of In the heat of the battle on the day of ‘Ashura’, the Imam offered his prayers ‘Ashura’, the Imam offered his prayers hurriedly in the form of ‘Salat al-Khawf’ hurriedly in the form of ‘Salat al-Khawf’ and there was no respite even to offer and there was no respite even to offer full prayers. full prayers.

Those two (2) companions, who were Those two (2) companions, who were standing in front, fell from the injuries standing in front, fell from the injuries inflicted under the shower of the inflicted under the shower of the arrows, by the time the prayer ended. arrows, by the time the prayer ended. The enemy would not even give The enemy would not even give respite for offering prayers.respite for offering prayers.

MARTYRDOM OF THE MARTYRDOM OF THE HOUSEHOLDSHOUSEHOLDS After that all his companions came out After that all his companions came out

to fight, one after the other, until they to fight, one after the other, until they were all martyred.were all martyred.

Imam Hussein was left alone with his Imam Hussein was left alone with his handful of households only, to fight the handful of households only, to fight the huge army of Yazid. Ali’s sons, Ja’far’s huge army of Yazid. Ali’s sons, Ja’far’s sons, Aqil’s sons, Hassan’s sons and sons, Aqil’s sons, Hassan’s sons and Hussain’s sons.Hussain’s sons.

The first among them to rush to the The first among them to rush to the battlefield was ‘Abdullah son of Muslim battlefield was ‘Abdullah son of Muslim son of Aqil’. He fought and was son of Aqil’. He fought and was martyred.martyred.

MARTYRDOM OF AUN AND MARTYRDOM OF AUN AND MUHAMMAD SONS OF ZAINAB MUHAMMAD SONS OF ZAINAB (S.A.)(S.A.) Aun and Muhammad were the sons of Aun and Muhammad were the sons of

Zainab, and they were quite young, aged Zainab, and they were quite young, aged ten (10) and nine (9) years respectively. ten (10) and nine (9) years respectively. They had learnt the art of fencing from They had learnt the art of fencing from their uncle, Abbas the brave.their uncle, Abbas the brave.

Abbas left Qasim with Zainab while he Abbas left Qasim with Zainab while he ran to the battlefield. Imam Hussein ran to the battlefield. Imam Hussein carried the body of Aun while Abbas carried the body of Aun while Abbas carried Muhammad.carried Muhammad.

BRAVE ZAINAB (S.A.)BRAVE ZAINAB (S.A.)

Imam Hussein walked to Zainab’s tent. He Imam Hussein walked to Zainab’s tent. He found her in Sajdah praying, “Oh my God, I found her in Sajdah praying, “Oh my God, I thank you for accepting my sacrifice. My thank you for accepting my sacrifice. My heart is filled with pride because my two heart is filled with pride because my two sons have given their lives for your sons have given their lives for your religion.”religion.”

Zainab came to the two bodies of her sons Zainab came to the two bodies of her sons and addressing them said: “My dear and addressing them said: “My dear children! Now I am pleased with you that, children! Now I am pleased with you that, you have proved your word and laid down you have proved your word and laid down your lives for Truth and pleased God and your lives for Truth and pleased God and His Holy Prophet (pbuh).”His Holy Prophet (pbuh).”

QASIM (A.S.) SON OF QASIM (A.S.) SON OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) Qasim was the youngest son of Imam Qasim was the youngest son of Imam

Hassan (pbuh), he was born in 47 Hijra, Hassan (pbuh), he was born in 47 Hijra, three (3) years before the martyrdom of his three (3) years before the martyrdom of his father. father.

When Imam Hussein prepared to leave When Imam Hussein prepared to leave Madina in the month of Rajab 60 Hijra. Madina in the month of Rajab 60 Hijra. Qasim’s mother Farwa asked Imam Hussein Qasim’s mother Farwa asked Imam Hussein to take her and Qasim with him. Imam to take her and Qasim with him. Imam Hussein agreed. Qasim, although only Hussein agreed. Qasim, although only thirteen (13) years old, had, like his cousins thirteen (13) years old, had, like his cousins Aun and Muhammad, learnt fencing from Aun and Muhammad, learnt fencing from Abbas and Ali Akbar.Abbas and Ali Akbar.

QASIM (A.S.) SON OF QASIM (A.S.) SON OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) Qasim came to Imam Hussein and begged for

permission to go and fight. Twice Imam Hussein refused saying “Qasim you are young and your mother’s only son.” After much insistence, received the permission.

Being very young, there was no armor that was fit for his years, nor a helmet nor shoes, nor arms. Imam Hussein tied Imam Hassan’s turban (Amamah) on the head of Qasim and helped him mount his horse. Qasim came to the battlefield. He was a very handsome boy. When the enemy saw him, they began to murmur, “How can we kill someone whose face is shining like moon?”

QASIM (A.S.)SON OF QASIM (A.S.)SON OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)IMAM HASSAN (A.S.) In a loud and a clear voice

Qasim introduced himself and cried out a challenge for single combat. He killed several famous warriors who came forward.

When ‘Umar son of Saad’ saw the courage of this young fighter, he ordered his troops to attack him in force.

They surrounded him from all sides, and attacked him with swords, spears, daggers and arrows. An enemy soldier hit him on his head with such force that he fell from his horse.

QASIM SON OF IMAM QASIM SON OF IMAM HASSAN (A.S.)HASSAN (A.S.) When the Imam arrived at Qasim’s side, there

was so much dust and confusion that nobody could see what was happening; when the dust settled down, they saw the Imam sitting at Qasim’s side with his head in his arms.

They heard the Imam utter this sentence: “My nephew! By God, it is very hard on your uncle that you should call him and he should not be able to respond, or that he should respond without being able to do anything for you!”. It was at this moment that a cry came from this youth and his spirit departed towards its Creator.

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.)(A.S.) Several times Abbas asked Imam Hussein for

permission to go and fight. Each time Imam Hussein would reply “Abbas, you are the captain of my army; you are my Alamdar - the Standard Bearer.”

Just then Sakina (According to other reports Roqaia is the name) four (4) year old daughter of Imam Hussein came out holding dried up leather bag (Mashk).

She walked up to Abbas and said “Al Atash, Ya Ammahu! I am thirsty O my uncle Abbas!” Abbas went to Imam Hussein (pbuh) and requested for permission to go and get water for Sakina. Imam Hussein gave his permission.

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.)(A.S.)

They had all heard of the valor of Abbas. A cry arose, “Abbas is coming!” Yazid’s soldiers started hiding behind one another.

A few brave ones dared go near Abbas but were soon put to death by the spear or by a kick.

A lone warrior, alone by himself, advances against a host. The number of men who guarded the river bank was four thousand (4,000).

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.) AT EUPHRATES(A.S.) AT EUPHRATES He descends along the river bank

Euphrates (Furaat) and leads his horse into the water.

First, he fills the water skin (Mashk) that he has brought and lays it on his shoulder. He himself was very thirsty. He lowers his hands into water, takes water into them and raises them somewhat towards his sacred lips.

Those who were watching from a distance report that he hesitated for a while. Then they saw that he threw the water back and came out of the river without drinking any.

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.) LOOSES HIS (A.S.) LOOSES HIS ARMSARMS ‘Umar son of Saad’ cried out, “Do not

let that water reach Hussain’s camp; otherwise we shall all be doomed!”

A soldier climbed a tree and as Abbas was riding past the tree he struck his sword on the right shoulder and the arm fell on to the ground.

Just then someone crept behind Abbas and struck him on the left shoulder.

The Alam fell down. Abbas gripped the Mashk with his teeth. His only object was to get the water to Sakina.

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.) LOOSES THE (A.S.) LOOSES THE WATERWATER Alas! An arrow was shot. It went flying across the

desert and hit the Mashk. The water began to pour out and with the water all the hopes of Abbas poured on to the sands of Karbala to be buried forever in the thirsty desert.

Abbas now did not want to go back and face Sakina. With his feet, he signaled the horse to turn back. The enemy surrounded him from all sides.

Abbas fell from the horse!! As he fell, he cried out “My Salutations (Salaam) to you my Master (Maula)!” Imam Hussein seemed to lose all his strength when he heard the voice of his dear brother Abbas.

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.) AND IMMAM (A.S.) AND IMMAM HUSSAIN (A.S.)HUSSAIN (A.S.) Imam Hussein reached where Abbas

was lying. Imam Hussein said, “My dear brother, all your life you have served me and my children. Is there anything I can do for you at this last moment of your life?”

Abbas replied, “Maula, please, clean the blood from my eye so that I can see your beloved face before I die!” Imam cleaned the blood. Abbas fixed his gaze on Imam. Then he said, “Maula please do not carry my body to the camp. I do not wish Sakina to see me in this state!”

ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS ABOLFAZL EBN ABBAS (A.S.) CALL IMMAM (A.S.) CALL IMMAM HUSSAIN(A.S.) BROTHERHUSSAIN(A.S.) BROTHER Imam Hussein took Abbas in his

arms, and kissed his forehead. Imam Hussein said “O Abbas I also have one request for you, I have never heard you call me brother, for once I would like to hear you call me brother.”

Abbas, with his dying breath called out “My brother”, Imam Hussein (pbuh) cried “O Abbas my beloved brother what have they done to you? Who is now left to fight by my side now?” Just then the Thirty four (34) year old Abbas son of Imam Ali (pbuh) breathed his last.

ALI AKBAR (A.S )ALI AKBAR (A.S )

After Abbas, came the turn of Ali Akbar, to go to the battlefield.

“Lord! Here I sent in your way, the one who resembled the most with the Holy Prophet Muhammad, whenever we did desire to have a view of the Holy face departed away from us, we used to look at the face of this youth.”

“Lord! Hussein has one Ali Akbar and he is sent to be sacrificed for your cause, had I many more like him, I would have similarly offered them all in your way.”

ALI AKBAR (A.S.)ALI AKBAR (A.S.)

Ali Akbar received several wounds, and was losing a lot of blood. The thirst was getting more unbearable. At the moment he longed to see his loved ones for the last time.

Ali Akbar turned his horse back towards his camp. He found his aged (57) father standing at the entrance of the tent; watching the battle between his beloved thirsty son and the enemy.

Holy Hussein congratulated his son and then said “I am sad that I do not have any water to give you.” Ali Akbar met each and every one of his family. They were all in tears because they knew that this time he wasn’t coming back alive.

ALI AKBAR (A.S.) ALI AKBAR (A.S.) MARTYRDOMMARTYRDOM Ali Akbar fell with a fatal wound in his

chest.

Ali Akbar died in his father’s arms. God alone knows what a patient heart the Holy Imam had been endowed with, which never gave way against any catastrophe even that of the loss of such a son.

The Holy Imam stood looking at his son dying before his eyes and lifting his head towards Heaven said:

“Lord! It will be quite sufficient for your Hussein if you accept this sacrifice and if you pleased with this humble offer.”

ALI ASQAR (A.S.)ALI ASQAR (A.S.)

O People! If, in your opinion, Hussein is guilty of any sin or crime, this innocent babe has done nothing to hurt any one of you. He does not even speak, and has not even uttered anything against you or your Amir at Damascus.

He is dying of thirst. He had neither milk nor water for the last three days. Would you quench his thirst by a few drops of water?

If you suspect that I demand water for myself in the name of the babe, then I will leave it here, if you want, and go easy and you may return it with his thirst quenched.”

ALI ASQAR (A.S.) ALI ASQAR (A.S.) MARTYRDOMMARTYRDOM Umar son of Saad’, fearing a revolt of

his forces in sympathy for the Holy Imam, at once ordered a stone hearted brute named Harmula to answer Hussein.

The tyrant, shot a arrow from his bow which after piercing through the Imam’s arm got stuck into the tiny neck of the innocent babe. Blood gushed out of his neck and splashed on to Imam Hussain’s face.

Ali Asgher died in his father’s arms with his smiling face.

IMAM ASK BIBI ZEINAB IMAM ASK BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) TO BE PATIENT, (S.A.) TO BE PATIENT, AFTER HIS DEATHAFTER HIS DEATH To Zainab and Kulthoom, his two sisters, Imam

Hussein said: “Our camp will be plundered and set on fire. After I am slain, the series of calamities to you all would begin. Your heads will be stripped of your covering cloths-veils.

Beware O my dear sisters; let not patience under any suffering be lost. The enemies will take you prisoners and parade you in the streets of Kufa and Shaam. This will be a very difficult time for you. Do not give up hope; you will have to be brave.

IMAM ASK BIBI ZEINAB IMAM ASK BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) TO BE PATIENT, (S.A.) TO BE PATIENT, AFTER HIS DEATHAFTER HIS DEATH Bear every calamity in the way of the

Lord with patience and justice. Dear sisters, let not what I have done with so much of patience and fortitude would be undone by your impatience.”

Zainab with tears rolling down her cheeks promised her brother that she would not let him down. “Convey my salaams to my people, and tell them to remember our thirst whenever they drink water.”

I DON’T WANT MY BODY I DON’T WANT MY BODY TO BE BARE AFTER I’M TO BE BARE AFTER I’M MARTYREDMARTYRED After that, Holy Imam told her

sister Zainab to bring him an old garment. Because, the enemy is an unmanly one. After killing me, they will take my clothes as spoils. I want to wear an old garment under my clothes so my body will not be bare after I’m martyred.

IMAM ASK BIBI ZEINAB IMAM ASK BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) TO LOOK FOR (S.A.) TO LOOK FOR SAKINA (S.A.)SAKINA (S.A.) Then, Imam Hussein turned to

sister Zainab and said “I am leaving the widows and orphans in your care.

My dear sister please look after my Sakina especially, she has never been separated from me even for a day.

Please dear sister when you get water give it to her first, she hasn’t asked for water since her uncle Abbas died.”

IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) SAY GOOD BYE TO SAY GOOD BYE TO SAKINA (S.A.)SAKINA (S.A.) At this Sakina came forward and said, “Oh

father. When ‘Muslim son of Aqeel’ was martyred, you hugged his orphan girl and patted her head. If you go and I become an orphan who is going to pat my head?”

Imam’s eyes filled with tears. While fighting back his tears, he slowly whispered, “Sakina, my daughter, please do not cry, because after I go you will shed many tears. While I am here still alive, do not set my heart ablaze with your tears.”

IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) SAY GOOD BYE TO SAY GOOD BYE TO SAKINA (S.A.)SAKINA (S.A.)

He picked up Sakina, and kissed her cheeks, knowing that these same cheeks were going to be slapped by the cruel hands of Yazid’s men.

IMAM SAY GOODBYE IMAM SAY GOODBYE TO HIS FAMILYTO HIS FAMILY The Holy Imam at last

came into the field bidding goodbye to all (including advanced age nurse, Fizza), not to return again to his camp, but to drink the cup of martyrdom to fulfill the covenant with the Lord to save and secure the Truth for all times until the Day of Judgment.

IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) GIVE EMAMAT TO IMAM GIVE EMAMAT TO IMAM SAJJAD (A.S.)SAJJAD (A.S.) The eldest son of Hussein called Zainul Abideen

(Grace of the pious) or Sajjad, was lying unconscious on his sick bed. Hussein went to him and handed over the charge of the sacred office of Imamate to him.

He enumerated the difficulties and the tortures that would befall him immediately following his martyrdom and advised him (who was to succeed as the Fourth Holy Imam) to observe the highest degree of patience and fortitude against every aggression and oppression that would be inflicted on him and his dear ones, and never to get angry or curse the people, and always tell the truth.

QURANQURAN

�ع�ص�ر� �ع�ص�ر�و�ال و�ال �ر �ف�ي خ�س� ان� ل �نس� �نk اإل� ر�إ �ف�ي خ�س� ان� ل �نس� �نk اإل� إ �و�اص�و�ا �ح�ق� و�ت �ال �و�اص�و�ا ب �ح�ات� و�ت �وا الصkال �وا و�ع�م�ل kذ�ين� آم�ن �الk ال �و�اص�و�ا إ �ح�ق� و�ت �ال �و�اص�و�ا ب �ح�ات� و�ت �وا الصkال �وا و�ع�م�ل kذ�ين� آم�ن �الk ال إ

�ر� �الصkب �ر�ب �الصkب ب

ASSR- Swear to the afternoon, before sunset.ASSR- Swear to the afternoon, before sunset. Humans are in total loss.Humans are in total loss. Unless those who have faith, and do good Unless those who have faith, and do good

works, and advise one another for keeping works, and advise one another for keeping the truth, and patience in adversity. the truth, and patience in adversity.

IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) LAST ATTEMPT TO LAST ATTEMPT TO PREACH THE ARMY OF PREACH THE ARMY OF YAZIDYAZID Imam Hussein went to the battlefield wearing the

Prophet’s robe and turban. Imam Hussein first preached to his enemies, the love of God, the obedience to the Holy Prophet and abstinence from vice and wickedness, and at last asked the people:

“Why do you kill me?”, “Did I commit any sin or crime?”, “Did I plunder anybody?”, “Did I interfere with any one's affairs?”

All stood dumb and none answered. Then the Holy Imam continued:

“Then why do you kill me? What answer have you to give to God, and to the Holy Prophet on the Day of Judgment?”

IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) RESPONDS TO ATTACKRESPONDS TO ATTACK

‘Umar son of Saad’ shouted to his men “Do not be fooled by Imam Hussain’s words, attack him now!”

Arrows were showered on Imam Hussein. He charged into the battlefield like a lion, saying “If you are determined to fight me then I am ready;

watch how the Grandson of the Prophet fights; see how the son of Ali and Fatima fights. Even after three days of hunger and thirst, I am not afraid to die. For me death is better than surrender.”

IMAM WOULD COME IMAM WOULD COME BACK TO COMFORT BACK TO COMFORT AHLULBEITAHLULBEIT Imam Hussein had chosen a point for his

combat which was nearer to the tents of the womenfolk.

His cries would reassure the women who knew that the Imam was still alive. The Imam had told them not to come out of the tents as long as he was alive.

Whenever he returned after making an attack he would stand at that point and cry out: There is no power or strength to save that which derives from God, the Exalted and the Almighty.

LAST PRAYER OF IMAMLAST PRAYER OF IMAM

In the midst of the indescribable miseries, sorrow and grief, and under the indefinable agony of the worst torturous and the most painful death, the Holy Imam ever remained mindful of the Lord and his submission to Him with the desire not to leave the world defaulting not even a single one of the prayers (Namaz) prescribed by him for man in this world.

Imam Hussein returned his sword back into the sheath so that he could prepare for Assr prayer.

GOD MESSAGE TO GOD MESSAGE TO IMAMIMAM

ئQنOةM يKا KمTطMمTال MسTفOا الن KهMتOيK أ kة ض�ي �ة مkر� اض�ي �ك� ر� ب �ل�ى ر� ج�ع�ي إ kةار� ض�ي �ة مkر� اض�ي �ك� ر� ب �ل�ى ر� ج�ع�ي إ ار� بKادQي Qي عQي فQل MخTاد Kف نOتQي Kي جQل MخTاد Kو “O soul that is at rest satisfied. Return

to your Lord well-pleased (with Him), well-pleasing (Him). So, enter among My servants, and enter into my Paradise.” (Al-Fajr 89:27-30)

LAST NAMAZLAST NAMAZ

His condition was such that Hussein now could not of his own efforts get down from the horse. Hussein hinted to his horse (which was presented to him by his Grandfather) saying:

“Will you my dear ‘Zul Jinah’ kneel down a little to enable me to roll myself down to the ground?”

The faithful animal which was itself hungry, thirsty and wounded, spread its legs in such a way that the Godly soul, one of the most brilliant stars of the heaven of divinity, slid himself down.

LAST NAMAZLAST NAMAZ

Now lying with his bleeding wounds on the flaming sand of the burning desert, Imam Hussein, desirous of offering his prayers and engaged in his last prayer (Namaz) on earth, resting his wounded forehead on a heap of the burning sand.

Thus ultimately the wounded Holy Imam (pbuh) lay in communion with the Lord.

SHIMR CUT OFF THE SHIMR CUT OFF THE HOLY HEADHOLY HEAD

Several men one after another, were deputed by the Commander of the enemy forces to cut off the head of the Holy Imam, but every one that came near the Holy one lying on the burning sand, found his lips moving and heard to say:

“O All-Merciful Lord of the Universe accepts the humble sacrifice of Hussein.” And at the end of the prayers it was heard: “O Lord! O Lord! Being repeated several times.”

Hearing these last prayers of Imam Hussein, none dared to cut off his holy head, even on an offer of thousands of Gold coins with promises of highly tempting rewards, but Shimr, the stone-hearted

brute committed the heinous crime.

ZUL JINAH GOES BACK ZUL JINAH GOES BACK TO THE TENTTO THE TENT The members of Imam Hussain’s

household were in the tents waiting for the Imam, that he might return to them once again and they might see his angelic visage once again. Suddenly they heard the sound of the neighing of the Imam’s horse ‘Zul Jinah’. They rushed to the tent’s door imagining that the Imam had come.

WA HUSAYNAH! WA WA HUSAYNAH! WA MUHAMADAMUHAMADA But they saw the horse

without its rider with its saddle overturned. It was then that the children and the women raised the cries of Wa Husaynah! and Wa Muhammada! They surrounded the horse and each of them began to mourn for him. Mourning is part of human nature.

BODIES WERE TRAMPLED BODIES WERE TRAMPLED BY THE HOOVES OF BY THE HOOVES OF HORSESHORSES It was after Asr on the day of Ashura. Imam

Hussein lay dead. The earth had trembled! Furaat had broken its banks! From the camp of the family of the Holy Prophet such lamentation arose as had never been heard before!

‘Umar son of Saad’ received a letter from ‘Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad’. The Governor of Kufa instructed that they should not be satisfied with the death of Imam Hussein. His body must be subjected to the ultimate insult of being trampled by the hooves of horses. And this was done to the Grandson of the Holy Prophet (pbuh)!

ASRASR ASHOURA ASHOURA

As the sun was setting in the horizon, the soldiers rushed to Imam Hussain’s camp in search of booty.

They looted every tent. Every lady, and every girl was stripped of her veil. Fatima’s daughters were left bareheaded.

Sakina’s ear-rings were pulled off her ears, splitting her ear lobes. When the little girl pleaded for her veil to be left untouched, she was slapped.

TENTS ARE BURNEDTENTS ARE BURNED

Surely they would stop now? But they did not. They set fire to all the tents .

Zainab gathered everyone and waited outside, while their tents burnt down. When the fire was out, they took shelter under one of the tents which had not been completely destroyed.

SHAME GHARIBANSHAME GHARIBAN

As the night descended, Zainab gathered all the ladies and children, into one small space in between the gutted tents. Imam Zainul Abideen lay on the ground surrounded by these widows and orphans.

There was no fire, no light. Only the moon cast its dull light.

WATER TO SAKINA WATER TO SAKINA (S.A.)(S.A.) ‘Umar son of Saad’ asked Hurr’s

widow to take some food and water to the ladies and the children.

Zainab remembered the words of her brother to give water first to Sakina. Zainab took the jug of water. She went to Sakina who had fallen into sleep.

WA ASGHERA! WA WA ASGHERA! WA ASGHERA!ASGHERA! Gently she stroked the girl’s disheveled

hair. Sakina opened her eyes. Zainab said, “Here is some water, Sakina. Please drink a little. You have been thirsty for so long!”

On hearing the word ‘water’ Sakina cried out hopefully, “Has my uncle Abbas come back?” When she was told that Hurr’s widow had brought the water, she got up, went to Hurr’s widow, thanked her and then asked Zainab:

WA ASGHERA! WA WA ASGHERA! WA ASGHERA!ASGHERA! “Have you all drunk water?” Zainab

shook her head as no. Sakina asked, “Why then do you ask me to drink water?” Zainab said, “Because, my dear, you are the youngest.” Sakina replied, “No! No! Ali Asgher is the youngest!” Sakina took the jug of water, ran towards where Ali Asgher lay buried, crying “Wa Asghera! Wa Asghera!”

SAKINA (S.A.) SAKINA (S.A.) HUGGING HER HUGGING HER FATHER’S BODYFATHER’S BODY This was how the homelesses spent their night

in Karbala. They had lost everything. Their men had died. Their children had been martyred.

Suddenly, in the early morning Zainab notices that Sakina has disappeared. She is alarmed. She looks around but Hussain’s darling daughter is not to be seen. Zainab slowly walks to the battlefield. She comes to where Abbas lay. “Abbas! Abbas! My dear brother, have you seen Sakina?” There is silence! She makes her way to where Hussain’s headless body lay. There, hugging her father, she finds Sakina, deep in sleep!

QURANQURAN

ر� �ف�ج� �ف�ج�ر�و�ال و�ال �ر �ال� ع�ش� �ي ر�و�ل �ال� ع�ش� �ي و�ل �ر� �و�ت ف�ع� و�ال kر�و�الش� �و�ت ف�ع� و�ال kو�الش ر� �س� �ذ�ا ي �ل� إ kي ر�و�الل �س� �ذ�ا ي �ل� إ kي و�الل �ر �ذ�ي ح�ج� م� ل �ك� ق�س� �ذ�ي ح�ج�ر�ه�ل� ف�ي ذ�ل م� ل �ك� ق�س� ه�ل� ف�ي ذ�ل Swear to the daybreak Swear to the daybreak and the ten nights and the ten nights Consider the even (10) and the uneven (9) numbers!Consider the even (10) and the uneven (9) numbers! Consider the night as it runs its course Consider the night as it runs its course With what was said, isn’t it an important swearing for With what was said, isn’t it an important swearing for

people with reason?people with reason?

FROM KARBALA TO FROM KARBALA TO KUFAKUFA They were made to mount saddle-

less camels like common criminals.

Imam Zainul Abideen (pbuh) was sent towards Kufa hands and feet clasped together in iron and wearing a barbed iron collar and made to walk barefoot on the hot desert sand, even though he was sick.

The caravan passed through the battlefield where the bodies of the martyrs lay without shroud, mixed in dust and blood.

STREETS OF KUFASTREETS OF KUFA

The caravan reached the court of Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad on the 12th of Muharram 61 Hijra.

As the caravan reached the Governor’s palace, Zainab faced the crowds and said “Do you know who your governor has killed? We are the Grandchildren of your Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).

STREETS OF KUFASTREETS OF KUFA

When your Governor killed the Prophet's loved ones, the skies cried and the earth shook. Where were you then?” There was complete silence in the crowd.

Some of the people realized their mistake and started to cry with shame. When ‘Umar son of Saad’ saw what was happening he quickly led the prisoners into the palace.

IN ZIAD PALACEIN ZIAD PALACE

When Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad saw Imam Zainul Abideen in the palace he ordered him to be killed straight away.

Bibi zeinab said: Listen, O son of Ziyad we are the Grandchildren of the Prophet. You should be ashamed of yourself. You claim to follow the Prophet’s teachings, yet you have done everything to destroy his family.”

Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad was surprised at how brave this lady was. He thought that after all that they had suffered; they would not have the strength to face him.

IN ZIAD PALACEIN ZIAD PALACE

More and more people started to realize that what Zainab was saying was true. Ubayd Allah son of Ziyad ordered the prisoners to be taken to the prison next to the palace immediately.

He told Shimr and Khooli, who were the leaders of this caravan, to make preparations to take the prisoners to Syria (Damascus) before they had a chance to speak out in public again.

FROM KUFA TO SHAM-FROM KUFA TO SHAM-SYRIASYRIA The caravan of Zainab left for

Syria on the 13th of Muharram Yazid had declared that day as a

day of celebration. Every corner of the city was decorated.

TYEY REACH SYRIATYEY REACH SYRIA

It is recorded in the books of histories that on 21st Rabiul Awwal, 61 Hijra, on Wednesday the caravan reached Damascus, , the capital and stronghold of Umayyad power.

IN YAZID PALACEIN YAZID PALACE

Yazid sitting on the throne with a stick in his hand and was repeatedly striking the parched lips of Imam Hussain’s severed head placed in a tray before him, and called on his ancestors (who were killed by the Muslim army in the battle of Badr) to witness the revenge which he had extracted from the family of the Prophet.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA Zainab the courageous daughter of a

courageous father put him to shame this heretic with her following fiery speech.

In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful. All praise is due to God, the Lord of the Universe, God’s blessings be on His Messenger’s Family altogether.

“In the long run evil in the extreme will be the End of those who do evil; for that they rejected the signs of God, and held them up to ridicule.” Holy Quran (30:10)

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBAKUTBA This apparent success of yours is the

result of grandeur of your might and lofty status for which you are proud. You feel that you have conquered the whole world and your affairs are organized and that our domain is now under you control. And are you forgetting that God has said:

“Those who purchase Unbelief at the price of faith, not the least harm will they do to God, but they will have a grievous punishment.” Holy Quran (3:177)

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA Then Zainab reminds Yazid that his

grandmother and other relatives came into the fold of Islam only after the fall of Makkah at the hands of the Muslims. Since Makkah was taken without any war or bloodshed, legally the entire inhabitant could have been made the slaves of the Prophet. But the Prophet, out of his mercy, declared to the people of Makkah that ‘I release you from the bonds of slavery, you are free.’

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBAKUTBA In other words, Zainab wanted

Yazid to remember that his ancestors were the ‘freed slaves’ of her Grandfather. Look at the courage of Zainab! Standing as a prisoner in the court of Yazid, she does not hesitate to remind him of his reality.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA Is it justice, O son of the freed slaves!

That you provide your ladies and slave girls with Hijab, whereas the daughters of the Messenger of God are held prisoners? You have insulted them by taking away the covers; you have exposed their faces to the enemies from one city to another. Everyone irrespective of his high or low status stares at their faces. These ladies do not have their gents or protectors with them.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA Then Zainab reminds the audience of

the origins of Yazid: his Grandmother, Hind (the wife of AbuSufyan), had ordered her slave after the battle of Uhud to cut open the chest of Hamzah, the Prophet’s uncle, and chewed upon his liver to ‘quench’ her anger for death of her father and brother who were killed in Badr.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA But, of course, how can we expect

protection from him whose mouth spits out the heart of the pious people, whose flesh has grown from the blood of martyrs? And why should he not hate us who is jealous of us and shamefully say: ‘I wish my ancestors had seen me today; they would congratulate me and pray that my hand would never be weak.’ Yazid is saying this while, he is hurting [with his cane] the teeth of Hussain, the leader of the Youths of Paradise.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA Why should he not say these things,

he who has cursed his feelings and sores by spilling the blood of Muhammad's family, the stars of the family of Abdul Mutalib. You call your ancestors hoping that they will answer you. You will be put together with them and then you will regret and say had my tongue become dumb so that I would not have said what I said.

O God! Give us our right, and avenge those who have oppressed us; and send your anger upon those that spilled our blood and killed our protectors. By God! O Yazid, by killing Hussain you have not torn but your own skin and you have not cut but your own flesh. You will be brought to the Prophet with the crimes of spilling the blood of his children and humiliating his family.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBA KUTBA

In the mean time a Syrian pointed towards Sakina and sought her for slavery. Zainab protected her from his advances. And shouted furiously,

“O Yazid have you lost all of your sense of shame?

You want to make the Grandchildren of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) slave?”

Yazid shouted at Zainab “I am the truthful one; God is pleased with my victory. He has humiliated your family and caused death of your brother Hussain.” Zainab was very angry at Yazid. She could not just stand there while this wicked and corrupt man spoke like this.

BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) BIBI ZEINAB (S.A.) KUTBAKUTBA

She said “Do you think that it was God who made

you commit these awful crimes? Do you blame God for the sufferings that you have caused us? Do you blame God for the death of the Grandson of the Prophet? No Yazid, it was you who caused all these sufferings. Did you think that by killing the Grandson of the Prophet you have won the battle? No Yazid you haven’t. It is my brother Imam Hussain (pbuh) who by shedding his blood in Karbala has made sure that evil men like you would not be allowed to destroy Islam. The victory is not yours. The victory is of Imam Hussain (pbuh). The victory is surely of Islam!”

BIBI ZEINAB KUTBABIBI ZEINAB KUTBA

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBA KUTBA Yazid was amazed at how this lady after all

that she had gone through could talk to him like this.

He thought that Imam Zainul Abideen would be an easier target for his insults, as he looked sick to be able to answer him back. He turned to Imam Zainul Abideen and said,

“Well, who do you think the winner of this war is?”

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBAKUTBA Imam Zainul Abideen replied :

“Yazid, victory can only belong to those who are on the right path. Look at you, and then look at my father Imam Hussain (pbuh). My father, who you ordered to be killed so brutally was the Grandson of the Prophet (pbuh), Yazid you are the Grandson of Abu Sufyan, who was an enemy of the Prophet (pbuh) and Islam just as you are.”

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBA KUTBA “O People! Those who are acquainted with

me, know me and those who do not know me then recognize me. I am the son of Makkah and Mina; I am the son of Safa and Marwah. I am the son of the one who was elevated, who ascended so high that he went beyond the heights of Sidratul Muntaha. He drew so near to his Lord that the distance of two bows or even less remained in between. I am the son of one behind whose head whom the angels of heaven prayed in couples. I am the son of one who was killed unjustly.

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBA KUTBA I am the son of one who was beheaded .

I am the son of one who was not given water till his last breath. I am the son of one who rolled in his own blood in the sands of Karbala. I am the son of one whose turban and robe were looted. I am the son of one on whom angels of heaven have wept. I am the son of one who’s head was placed atop of spear and presented as a gift. I am son of one whose womenfolk were made prisoners and dragged from Iraq to Syria.

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBAKUTBA O People! Praise be to God,

who tested us firmly and gifted us with the knowledge of Guidance, Justice and Piety. The way he gave the sign of deviation to our enemies. Almighty God bestowed six privileges on us Ahlul Bayt. He bestowed knowledge, forbearance, bravery, generosity, love and respect for us in the hearts of the believers.

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBAKUTBA Imam kept on saying such sentences that

until signs of restlessness appeared in the audience. Yazid in order to keep the circumstances under control gestured towards the Muezzin to give Azan.

When he delivered testimonies Imam said “I too testify to one whom you testify.” When he testified the Prophethood (ASH - HADU ANNA MUHAMMADAR- RASOOLULLAH) of Holy Prophet (pbuh), Imam asked from Yazid,

“O Yazid tell me whether Muhammad was your Grandfather or mine?

IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) IMAM SAJJAD(A.S.) KUTBAKUTBA If you say that he was

your Grandfather then you are a liar and if you say that he is my Grandfather then why did you slay my father and captivated our female kin?”

Then he turned towards the public and said “O Men! Is there anyone amongst you whose father or Grandfather was the Holy Prophet (pbuh).

” Thus the audience broke into mourning and crying aloud.

AHLULBEIT IN JAILAHLULBEIT IN JAIL

Yazid was so angry that he ordered the prisoners to be taken away immediately and put into the prison. As soon as the prison doors were closed they started saying their prayers to thank God.

In the prison it was so dark that you could not tell, whether it was day or night. The days were so hot that it was difficult to breath. And the nights were so cold that Sakina’s toes would turn blue. They had nothing to sleep on but the bare floor.

SAKINA (S.A.) WAS SAKINA (S.A.) WAS RESTLESSRESTLESS

One night Sakina suddenly started to cry in her sleep. When her mother asked her what the matter was she said that :

she saw her father in her dreams telling her that he could not bear to see her in this state any more.

Everybody started to cry so much that the noise reached Yazid at the palace. He asked the guards what all the noise was about. When they told him what it was, he ordered: that Imam Hussain’s head be taken to Sakina in order to keep her quiet. The guards brought the head, and put it on the ground.

SAKINA (S.A.) DIESSAKINA (S.A.) DIES

When Sakina saw her father’s head, she ran to it and hugged it. All the ladies were stricken with grief. Sakina complained to her father about how the evil men snatched her earrings that he had given to her, how they took away their veils, and burnt their tents. Suddenly Sakina stopped complaining and was completely quiet. INNA LILLAH WA INNA ILAYHI RAJI’OON.

Sakina, the loving daughter of Imam Hussain, passed away, in the dark, lonely dungeon. Her dress was glued to her body with the dried blood caused by merciless and incessant flogging.

DEAR MAZLOUM SAKINA DEAR MAZLOUM SAKINA (S.A.)(S.A.)

�ع�ص�ر� �ع�ص�ر�و�ال و�ال �ر �ف�ي خ�س� ان� ل �نس� �نk اإل� ر�إ �ف�ي خ�س� ان� ل �نس� �نk اإل� إ �وا �وا و�ع�م�ل kذ�ين� آم�ن �الk ال �وا إ �وا و�ع�م�ل kذ�ين� آم�ن �الk ال إ

�و�اص�و�ا �ح�ات� و�ت �و�اص�و�ا الصkال �ح�ات� و�ت الصkال

�ر� �الصkب �و�اص�و�ا ب �ح�ق� و�ت �ال �ر�ب �الصkب �و�اص�و�ا ب �ح�ق� و�ت �ال ب

If you count the If you count the number of letters in number of letters in this sura you get this sura you get 73.73.

DEAR MAZLOUM DEAR MAZLOUM SAKINA (S.A.)SAKINA (S.A.) Imam Zainul Abideen

buried her in a small grave in one corner of the prison. All the ladies sat by Sakina’s mother Rubab and cried.

Sakina will finally be able to sleep on her father’s chest once again.

DUE TO UNREST YAZID DUE TO UNREST YAZID DECIDED TO FREE THE DECIDED TO FREE THE AHLULBEIT. AHLULBEIT. When Imam Zainul Abideen walked

in everyone stood up. They could not believe what they saw. Even though the chains had been removed, he could hardly walk. His neck, hands and feet were deeply cut and bleeding. His back was bent because of the way he had been chained. But there was dignity in his face, never bowed down to Yazid, at any time.

DUE TO UNREST YAZID DUE TO UNREST YAZID DECIDED TO FREE THE DECIDED TO FREE THE AHLULBEITAHLULBEIT All that we want are the heads of

our martyrs and our property which your men looted from us. They took away the veil that was given to me by my mother. They took away the bloodstained clothes of my brother. They took away Sakina’s earrings which were given to her by her father. No Yazid there is nothing that you can give us to replace these things, which mean more to us than anything else.

THE FIRST MAJLIS OF THE FIRST MAJLIS OF AZADARIAZADARI The first Majlis for Aza-e-Hussain

took place in the palace of Yazid itself. The Syrian women came wearing black dresses. The wailing resounded the walls and doors of the palace due to the renditions of Zainab (pbuh).

GOODBYE TO SAKINA GOODBYE TO SAKINA (S.A.)(S.A.) Imam Zainul Abideen and the rest

of the ladies and children stayed in Syria for a few more days and then made preparations to travel to Karbala, to pay their respects to their martyrs, and then go back to Madina.

GOODBYE TO SAKINA GOODBYE TO SAKINA (S.A.)(S.A.) They went back to the prison to say

goodbye to Sakina. Sakina’s mother Rubab fell on the grave crying :

“O my dear Sakina, we are finally free to go home. But my child you are still imprisoned in Syria. My Sakina I am leaving, but my heart and soul will always be here with you.

Please O people of Syria look after the grave of my child Sakina.”

RETURN TO KARBALARETURN TO KARBALA

When they arrived in Karbala in 40 days; they sat by the graves, crying and remembering that tragic day on the tenth of Muharram when they lost so many of their loved ones. Finally, after saying goodbye to their martyrs they started the journey back to Madina. How sad this journey must have been. Even though they were free, their hearts were in Karbala and Syria.

IMAM HUSSEIN(A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN(A.S.) IN QURANIN QURAN Say: I do not ask of you any reward

for it but love for my near relatives; and whoever earns good, We give him more of good therein; surely God is Forgiving, Grateful. (42:23)

God only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the House! And to purify you a (thorough) purifying. (33:33)

IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IMAM HUSSEIN (A.S.) IN QURANIN QURAN And whoever disputes with you

concerning him (Jesus) after what has come to you of knowledge, then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and ourselves and yourselves,

then let us be earnest in prayer, and pray for the curse of God on the liars. (3:61)

IMAM HUSSAIN ( A.S.) IN IMAM HUSSAIN ( A.S.) IN QURANQURAN

24:35 Allah is the Light o24:35 Allah is the Light of the heavens and the eaf the heavens and the earth. The Parable of His Lirth. The Parable of His Light is as if there were a ght is as if there were a Niche and within it a LamNiche and within it a Lamp: the Lamp enclosed in p: the Lamp enclosed in Glass: the glass as it werGlass: the glass as it were a brilliant star: Lit frome a brilliant star: Lit from a blessed Tree, an Olive, a blessed Tree, an Olive, neither of the east nor o neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil is wf the west, whose oil is well-nigh luminous, thougell-nigh luminous, though fire scarce touched it: Lh fire scarce touched it: Light upon Light! Allah dotight upon Light! Allah doth guide whom He will to h guide whom He will to His Light: Allah doth set fHis Light: Allah doth set forth Parables for men: aorth Parables for men: and Allah doth know all thind Allah doth know all things. ngs.


In this AYA Allah is giving an example of his In this AYA Allah is giving an example of his blessing on us which is compared to a light.blessing on us which is compared to a light.

This light is to illuminate the path for our This light is to illuminate the path for our spirit, the same way the regular light spirit, the same way the regular light illuminates the path for our physical illuminates the path for our physical motion. motion.

His light is compared to a niche ,within it a His light is compared to a niche ,within it a lamp. The lamp being the prophets and lamp. The lamp being the prophets and messengers.messengers.

The glass, shining like a brilliant star are The glass, shining like a brilliant star are the Imams, who have a much bigger the Imams, who have a much bigger responsibility than the prophets.responsibility than the prophets.


And the oil is form an olive tree.And the oil is form an olive tree. The olive tree represents Imam The olive tree represents Imam

Hussain as narrated in shia and Hussain as narrated in shia and sunni tradition.sunni tradition.

The oil is neither from east The oil is neither from east neither from west. As Imam neither from west. As Imam Hussain belongs to all humanity Hussain belongs to all humanity and not only to Islam.and not only to Islam.


This oil is so amazing that is giving This oil is so amazing that is giving light without touching the fire. light without touching the fire. Without touching the source of light.Without touching the source of light.

Light upon light.Light upon light. Yes .Imam Hussain is a light who Yes .Imam Hussain is a light who

illuminates the true path for human illuminates the true path for human beings either from west or east .beings either from west or east .

IMAM HUSSAIN ASHURA KARBALA

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Transcript of IMAM HUSSAIN ASHURA KARBALA