Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2
Transcript of Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2
![Page 1: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SECTIONAL ANATOMY OF
BRAIN contd…
![Page 2: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SELLA and JUXTASELLAR anatomy
![Page 3: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SPHENOID BONE
• head – body feet – pterygoid process wings
• Body of sphenoid – planum sphenoidale sella
![Page 4: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SPHENOID BONE• Body of sphenoid – planum sphenoidale Sella turcica (turkish saddle)
![Page 5: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Planum sphenoidaleLimbus
Chiasmatic grooveSella
Carotid sulcusSOF
![Page 6: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
1. Frontal sinus2. Ethmoid sinus3. Sphenoid sinus 4. Maxillary sinus 5. Anterior clinoid
process 6. Sella turcica
(pituitary fossa)7. Postr. clinoid pr8. Clivus 9. Petrous bone
![Page 9: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CAVERNOUS SINUS
Lee J H et al. AJR 2003;181:583-590
©2003 by American Roentgen Ray Society
![Page 11: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
DIAPHRAGMA SELLA
![Page 15: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
PITUTARY
• In cases of visual failure / endocrine abnormality.
• At the level of optic nerve.• Situated in pituitary fossa – above the sphenoid sinus, with
cavernous sinus on each side.• Superiorly suprasellar cistern is present. • < 8 - 9mm height.• Infundibulum is large in females
• Normal pituitary enhance with contrast on CT / MRI.
![Page 19: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• Antr. Adenohypophysis – dovelops from ratke’s pouch• Postr. neurohypophysis, infundibulum – dovelops from
downgrowth of neuroectoderm
![Page 20: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tuber cinareum is the lamina of grey matter – b/w mammillary body and optic chiasma.
![Page 21: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Anterior lobe is ISOINTENSE on T1 and T2• Posterior lobe is HYPERINTENSE on T1 and HYPO on T2.• Infundibulum is HYPERINTENSE on FLAIR.• Rim of hypointensity – cortical bone of dorsum sella• Hyperintense marrow of clivus postr. to it.
CORONAL T 1 images with thin (3 mm) sections
![Page 23: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
T2-weighted, coronal section. 1, Pituitary gland. 2, Infudibulum. 3, Optic chiasma. 4, Lateral ventricle.5, Anterior cerebral artery. 6, Middle cerebral artery. 7, Sphenoidal sinus.
![Page 24: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
MRI of the pituitary gland. T1-weighted coronal section. 1, Pituitary gland. 2, Infudibulum. 3, Chiasma. 4, Lateral ventricle. 5,Anterior cerebral artery. 6, Middle cerebral artery. 7, Sphenoidal sinus.
![Page 25: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
T1 coronal section (after iv contrast media) 1, Pituitary gland. 2, Infudibulum. 3, Chiasma. 4, Lateral ventricle. 5, Anterior cerebral artery. 6, Middle cerebral artery. 7, Sphenoidal sinus
![Page 26: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
T1-weighted, sagittal section. 1, Genu, corpus callosum . 2, Splenium, corpus callosum . 3,Neurohypophysis. 4, Adenohypophysis.
![Page 27: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
T1 sagittal section (after iv contrast medium) 1, Genu, corpus callosum . 2, Splenium, corpus callosum . 3, Neurohypophysis. 4, Adenohypophysis.
![Page 28: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
DIENCEPHALON
![Page 29: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
• Diencephalon is divided into two halves by 3rd ventricle.• Each diencephalon has dorsal and ventral parts, demarcated by
‘hypothalamic sulcus’. dorsal – thalamus, epithalamus ventral – hypothalamus, subthalamus
RadioGraphics 2007; 27:1087–1108
![Page 30: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
THALAMUS• Ovoid mass of grey matter • Poles – antr. : postr. boundary of IV foramen. postr. (PULVINAR) : projects beyond 3rd V , lies just above and lateral to colliculi.
![Page 31: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• Upper surface – dorsolaterally thalamostriate V and S.terminalis. part of floor of 3rd ventricle. • Inferior surface - continues with tegmentum of mid brain• Medially – 3rd ventricle • Laterally – lentiform N, separated by internal capsule.
Two thalami are apposed medially by massa intermedia.
![Page 32: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
EPITHALAMUS
1. Pineal body2. Habenular N3. Habenular comissure4. Posterior comissure
PINEAL BODY : balloon shaped – projects backwards below the splenium of corpus callosum and rests over supr. colliculi.
HABENULAR NUCLEI : situated in habenular trigone.
COMISSURES - habenular and posterior .
![Page 35: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
1,Posterior commissure. 2, Habenular commissure. 3, Internal cerebral vein 4, Splenium, corpus callosum. 5, Pineal gland. 6, Cerebellum. 7, Tectum
![Page 38: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
1, Pineal gland. 2, Habenula. 3, Third ventricle. 4, Pulvinar. 5, Lateral ventricle
![Page 39: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
HYPOTHALAMUS
• Most ventral part of diencephalon , and it forms floor and wall of antr. 1/3rd of 3rd V. • Extent : lamina terminalis to mammillary bodies
• Relations : dorsally – hypothalamic sulcus ventral – floor of 3rd ventricle. It constitutes mamillary bodies, infundibulum, optic chiasma. medial – 3rd ventricle lateral – internal capsule and subthalamus Tuber cinerium extends posteriorly from infundibulum to
mamillary bodies
![Page 40: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
MAMMILLARY BODIES
• These are one of the nuclear masses of hypothalamus.• Each contains – medial, lateral and intercalated nuclei.• Receive fibres from fornix and efferents to antr. thalamus.• Postr. to mammillary bodies, lies postr. perforated substance.
![Page 45: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
MAMILLARY BODIES
![Page 46: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
BASAL GANGLIA
• Corpus Striatum = Caudate N + Lentiform N (P + GP) .• Amygdala – tail of caudate N comes in contact with amygdala ,
but without any structural or functional connections• Claustrum – thin strip of grey matter b/w putamen and insula
![Page 49: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
CAUDATE NUCLEUS
‘C’ shaped with concavity facing inferiorly. • Head – indents the frontal horn. (shape same in axial and coronal cuts)• Body – starts from IV foramen and is seen along side of lateral
ventricle.• Tail – lies above temporal horn ; continues with amygdala.
C
![Page 51: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
• Lentiform N – supr. – C. radiata and C. callosum. infr. – antr. perforated substance and antr. comissure.
• Internal capsule – ‘boomrang’ shaped thick white matter.
![Page 52: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
LIMBIC SYSTEM1. Olfactory pathway2. Pyriform lobe3. Limbic lobe 4. Amygdala5. Hippocampal complex6. Parts of hypothalamus and thalamus
![Page 54: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
• Pyriform lobe – uncus + antr. parahippocampal gyrus• Hippocampal complex - dentate gyrus + hippocampus +
fornix • Limbic lobe – septal areas + cingulate gyrus + PHG
![Page 55: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
HIPPOCAMPUS• Lies on floor of temporal horn of lateral V. • Parts : head and tail – curves medially body – seen on parasaggital plane.
Hungarian neuroscientist Laszlo Seress' 1980 preparation
![Page 56: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Hippocampus terminates posteriorly beneath splenium.
![Page 57: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
INDUSIUM GRISEUM : vestigial• thin sheet of grey matter covering outer convex surface of
corpus callosum.• Contains medial and lateral longitudinal striae.• Antr.ly it continue as paraterminal gyrus. Postr.ly continues as dentate gyrus.
![Page 58: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
• On coronal cuts, it is seen as rolled structure containing Ammon’s horn and dentate gyrus. Ammon’s horn continues with the PHG and is convex laterally.
![Page 59: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
• Relations : above and lateral to it – temporal horn of lateral V. (above temporal horn is tail of caudate N , and supr. to it is amygdyla).
• PHG – is present on medial aspect of temporal lobe antr.ly it continue as uncus
![Page 60: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Radiology : hippocampal gyrus – on axial plane rolled shape - coronal plane flattened – saggital plane
![Page 63: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
AMYGDALA• Present at roof of infr. horn of lateral ventricle , close to its tip.• Continues behind with tail of caudate N.• Stria terminalis starts from it.
![Page 64: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
FORNIX
• Sole efferent fibres from fornix• Begin from hippocampus as alveus and fimbriae.• Parts – - crura - body - columns - comissure
![Page 65: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
• On reaching splenium, fimbriae divide into – dorsal fornix – continue as inducium gracium. ventral fornix – fornix proper.
• Upper surface of body is related to SP. At level of IV foramen, apex divides into two columns.
![Page 66: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
MRI of the brain, T1-weighted sagittal cut.
1, Column of fornix. 2, Corpus callosum. 3, Midbrain. 4, Pons. 5, Cerebellum
![Page 67: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
1, Column of fornix. 2, Corpus callosum.
3, Caudatus nucleus. 4, Hippocampus
1, Column of fornix. 2, Lentiform nucleus.
3, Corpus callosum. 4, Crus of fornix.
![Page 68: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
MID BRAIN
• Dorsal tectum : 4 colliculi = corpora quadrigemina• Ventral cerebral peduncles : ventral crus cerebri – CST dorsal tegmentum – cranial N nuclei . Both are
seperated by substantia nigra.
(triangular space between two peduncles is Interpeduncular cistern)
![Page 69: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
• Red nucleus : dorsomedial to S.nigra. It is present at the level of supr. colliculus .
• Both red nucleus and S. nigra are hypointense on T2 W MRI. (both cannot be seen on CT)
• Lower midbrain – laterally ambient cistern and posteriorly quadrigeminal cistern.
(Interpeduncular fossa is limited antr.lyby mamillary bodies)
![Page 71: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
HIND BRAIN Pons , medulla and cerebellum PONS • Axial cuts of lower pons has posterolaterally directed middle
cerebellar peduncles – lateral to which are CP angle cisterns.• Supr. cerebellar peduncles – at the level of mid pons.
![Page 73: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
MEDULLA
• 3 cm length. • Ventral - pyramids (b/w median fissure & anterolat. sulcus). Lateral to it are olives.
• Dorsal – fasciculus gracilis (M) & cuneatus (L). • On axial CT / MRI – pear shaped (lower pons) ; square shaped on cephalad cuts , at the level of
F of magendie .
![Page 76: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Pontomedullary junction Prominent pontomedullary sulcus on each lateral
wall and ventral fissure is replaced by BROADER basilar sulcus.
![Page 79: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
CEREBELLUM
• Cerebellar cortical ridges = Folia• On section cerebellum has a tree like config , so known as
‘Arbor vitae’.
![Page 80: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
• Cerebellum – vermis and 2 lobes – divided by para median sulci.
• Deep transverse fissures divide cerebellum into 3 lobes (on SAGGITAL MRI) : Antr. – lingula, central lobule, culmen Postr. – declive, folium, tuber, pyramid, uvula. Nodule – flocconodular lobe
• Nodule is the most ventral part seen on axial scans lying postrior to 4th ventricle.
![Page 81: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
From the level of ponto medullary junction, occipital lobe is seen in axial cuts
![Page 82: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
• Three cerebellar peduncles are present superior CP – mid brain (brachium conjunctivum) middle CP – pons (brachium pontis) inferior CP – medulla (restiform body).
![Page 83: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
![Page 84: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
COMISSURES OF BRAIN
White matter tracts that cross the midline, connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.
1. Corpus callosum
2. Anterior commissure
3. Habenular commissure
4. Posterior commissure
5. Supraoptic commissures : Gudden's commissure Meynert's commissure
![Page 86: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
![Page 87: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Corpus callosum
• Parts – rostrum, genu, body, and splenium. • Forceps minor (frontal) and major (occipital).• In Saggital sections , it is curved in shape.
![Page 88: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
![Page 89: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
![Page 90: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Anterior comissure
• Myelinated fibers at antr. limit of diencephalon (lamina terminalis)
• On MRI , seen as convex arc of fibers – useful to locate perivascular spaces along its lateral aspect.
• Line joining AC--PC is used as standard reference in stereotactic surgery.
![Page 91: Imaging sectional anatomy of brain part 2](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061523/554b37feb4c905ce088b5451/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Thank you