Iliad Cornell Notes

8/18/2019 Iliad Cornell Notes

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Amy Doan10/7/14Period 2

Connection ColumnBook 1: The Rage of Achilles

Themes:

• Revenge – Chryses (with the aid of

Apoo! sends a pag"e on theA#haean #amps $e#a"se

Agamemnon steas his

da"ghter% Chryseis% and A#hies

indire#ty as&s 'e"s to assist the

ro)ans*

• Anger – A#hies is inf"riated $y

Agamemnon+s demand for ,riseis

and #an ony $e stopped $y Athena*

Notes:

• A#hies ref"ses to -ght in the war

$e#a"se of Agamemnon+s

se-shness*

• .dysse"s ret"rns Chryseis to

Chryses*

• Atho"gh he &nows that it wi anger

his wife% 'e"s agrees to s"pport the

ro)ans at hetis+s re"est*• era sent A#hies to -nd a way to

stop the pag"e*

• Ca#has is s#ared of a &ing

(Agamemnon! and has A#hies

promise to prote#t him*

• Agamemnon prefers Chryseis to his

own wife*

Response

Observations:

Armor shows weath and s&i*

Deities ta&e an a#tive roe in the word% setting

things into motion% and have high respe#t for theirpriests*

Chryses "sed his patron% Apoo% as ethos to try to#onvin#e Agamemnon*

Apoo has worshippers on $oth sides of the war*

A#hies s"$ty disses Agamemnon*

Agamemnon i&es to 3e his power*

A#hies% or his home% has never $een atta#&ed $ythe ro)ans% $"t has $een $y the A#haeans*

A#hies seems to #are for ,riseis*

A#hies eaves many hoes in his reteing to hismother*

Questions:

ow did A#hies #ost the ives of his own peope5

ow #ome no one #aims ,riseis5

6hy does the iad start nine years after the war hstarted5

6hy is ,riseis re"#tant to eave5

6hy does Agamemnon ref"se to ret"rn Chryseis

even tho"gh her father o8ers a perfe#ty so"ndransom5

Preictions:

he ro)ans wi win $e#a"se of 'e"s+s s"pport andA#hies+s depart"re*

9omething wi event"ay p" A#hies $a#& into th$atte*

iad Corne :otes

!ummar": :ine years after the start of the war% Agamemnon and A#hies #aim two ro)an maidens on a raid* Desperate for his da"ghter Chryseis% Chryses (Apoo+s priest!o8ers a genero"s ransom to Agamemnon% $"t is re)e#ted #a"sing him to go to Apoo top"nish the A#haeans with a pag"e* After ten days% the two men de#ide that Chryseis m"st$e ret"rned with the hep of a seer% $"t Agamemnon demands A#hies+ ,riseis in


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Amy Doan

e#hange* ;nraged% A#hies re"#tanty gives "p ,riseis% $"t in revenge% he withdraws hisfor#es from the war and as&s his mother to "se her favor from 'e"s to re"est his s"pportfor Agamemnon+s rivas% the ro)ans* 'e"s agrees% despite his wife+s opposite stan#e in thewar% and ephaest"s has to #am her down*


3/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook #: The $reat $athering of

Armies

Themes:

•

Co"rage – Agamemnon+s troopsare worn o"t and "n#on-dent%

"i#& to retreat*

•


4/33

Amy Doan

he des#ri$es the ayo"t of the miitary as we as the $est warriors* e#tor is noti-ed a$o"tthe A#haeans+ renewa thro"gh 'e"s and aso raies his own troops*


5/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook %: &elen Revie's the

Champions

Themes:

•

9e-shness – Paris wants een%$"t is too s#ared and wea& to

stand "p and -ght for her*

• Pride – Paris ony -ghts when

e#tor ins"ts him% saying that a

his worth adds "p to )"st his

oo&s*

Notes:

• Paris started the war $y steaing

een%


6/33

Amy Doan


7/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook (: The Truce )rupts in *ar

Themes:

• 6ar – era isn+t satis-ed with the

o"t#ome of the war and for#es'e"s to spar& the $oody -ghting

again*

• he ?ods and ?oddesses – he

deities parti#ipate in the ro)an

6ar aso% ta&ing either the ro)an

or A#haean side*

Notes:

• Athena $oth pers"ades Pandar"s

to shoot


8/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook +: ,iomees -ights the

$os

Themes:

•

Assistan#e – ,oth h"mans andgods get hep from the deities* >or

eampe% Ares and Aeneas (a

morta! are heaed $y the deities*

• Anger – ,e#a"se Athena is "pset

that the ro)ans seem to $e

winning% she waives her earier

agreement with Diomedes and

aows him to atta#& gods other

than Aphrodite*

• Arrogan#e – Pandar"s dies at

Diomedes+s hands $e#a"se he+sover#on-dent*

Notes:

• Diomedes is a$e to serio"sy

wo"nd Ares with Athena+s hep*

• he ro)ans gain the "pper hand of

the $atte $e#a"se of Ares and

Apoo*

• 'e"s tes $oth Aphrodite and Ares

that they deserved it when they

were wo"nded on the $atte-ed*

• Apoo saves Aeneas in Aphrodite+s

pa#e*

• e#tor #ompetey ignore the

peading% $eeding 9arpedon*

Response

Observations:

Aphrodite seems i&e the wea&est deity*

Atho"gh he+s the god of war% Ares is s"rprisingy whinyand a p"shover*

Athena isn+t #onsistent she #hanges her word dependinon the sit"ation*

'e"s hates Ares the most $e#a"se he resem$es era*

Questions:

6hy doesn+t anyone "estion Aeneas when he s"ppose

#omes $a#& from the dead56hy is 'e"s so hard on his &ids5

6hy does Athena #hoose Diomedes o"t of a the ?ree&warriors as her #hampion5

Preictions:

.ne of the gods or goddesses wi die at ea#h other+s ha$e#a"se they are too #a"ght "p in the ro)an 6ar*

Aphrodite wi get serio"sy h"rt one day $e#a"se she+swea& yet intervenes a ot in $atte*

!ummar": Athena $estows on Diomedes his father+s strength and the a$iity to te

mortas from gods with the #ondition of not atta#&ing any deities e#ept for Aphrodite afterhe prays to her for revenge* Diomedes devastates with his new power* After sayingPandar"s in revenge% he amosts &is Aeneas $"t his mother% Aphrodite% and Apoo saveshim* Diomedes ta&es the #han#e to wo"nd Aphrodite who r"ns to her mother% Dione% forhep*


9/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook .: &ector Returns to Tro"

Themes:

• Bove – e#tor visits his wife%

Androma#he% and $a$y son -rst$efore re)oining the $atte who $eg

him to stay*

• >amiy – Diomedes stops in the

midde of a $atte to as& ?a"#"s

who he is* hey -nd o"t that their

grandfathers were friends and

de#ide not to &i ea#h other*

Notes:

• Athena doesn+t answer herenemies+ prayers% despite their

avish sa#ri-#e*

• een is ashamed of Paris*

• e#tor+s son% Astyana% is s#ared

of his hemet*

• :estor is e#ient and we@versed

in $atte*

• Agamemnon tes Atrides to &i

Adrest"s*

•

Agamemnon is o&ay with &iingpregnant women*

• ?a"#a"s o$ivio"sy e#hanges his

m"#h more va"a$e armor for

Diomedes+*

Response

Observations:

Reationships $etween an#estors were etremeyimportant in $oth A#haean and ro)an so#iety*

Atho"gh e#tor amost #onstanty s#ods Paris% he seemto $eieve that Paris is a good warrior*

een hates hersef and wishes she+d never $een $orn*

A#hies is #apa$e of respe#t towards his enemies*

Atho"gh e#tor &nows that roy wi event"ay fa% he&eeps on -ghting for his wife and son*

Questions:

6hy does Androma#he mo"rn e#tor even tho"gh hehasn+t died yet5

6hy is e#tor+s son s#ared of his hemet5

6hy did Artemis &i Androma#he+s mother5

Preictions:e#tor wi die in $atte soon*

!ummar": he A#haeans for#e the ro)ans $a#& sin#e the gods aren+t there to hep themanymore* Agamemnon #onvin#es


10/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook /: A0a ,uels *ith &ector

Themes:

• Co"rage – :one of the A#haeans

are man eno"gh to step "p toe#tor+s #haenge "nti e#tor+s

spee#h* After a ottery% ?reat A)a

-ghts e#tor and even manages to

draw his $ood*

• >riendship – ."t of a the methods

they #o"d #hoose% e#tor and

?reat A)a ee#ted to end their

d"e per 'e"s+s order $y

e#hanging gifts as friends*

Notes:

• e#tor gives ?reat A)a his sword

whi#h is more va"a$e and

destr"#tive than ?reat A)a+s $et*

• he A#haeans ta&e advantage of

the day of tr"#e to $"ry their dead

as we as $"id forti-#ations on

top of it*

• Paris ref"ses to give "p een% $"t

is wiing to yied the treas"re he

stoe*

• :ine A#haeans are entered into

the ottery% in#"ding .dysse"s*

• Apoo says e#tor wi win no

matter who he -ghts*

Response

Observations:

e#tor is eft witho"t an o8ensive weapon whie ?reatA)a has a strong shied and e#tor+s sword% p"tting himat a disadvantage*

Proper $"rias are important to $oth ro)an and A#haeanso#iety $e#a"se they agree to stop -ghting for a day to$"ry their dead*

he ro)ans often #onsider/try to ma&e deas with theA#haeans*

:estor shames the A#haeans into -ghting*

;very$ody in roy wants to give een $a#& e#ept foParis*

he deas tes Diomedes that the ro)ans are feeingafraid*

Questions:

6hy do Athena and Apoo de#ide to end the -ghting fothe day5

6hy does Agamemnon enter the ottery to -ght e#torwhen he )"st #onvin#ed inay% nine men vo"nteer and a ottery is drawn whi#h ?reat A)a wins* ossingspears doesn+t wor&% so they "se an#es in whi#h A)a draws -rst $ood $efore 'e"s #as it o8*

he pair e#hange gifts* n their respe#tive #amps% :estor and ing Priam propose to as& theother side for a day to $"ry their dead* :estor aso wants to $"id was on top of the graveswhie Antenor tries to #onvin#e Paris to give "p een% who ref"ses $"t o8ers the treas"re hetoo& from 9parta instead* he A#haeans re)e#t the se#ond part of the ro)an+s o8er% $"t agreeon a day of tr"#e to $"ry their dead*


11/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 2: The Tie of Battle Turns

Themes:

• >avor – 6ith 'e"s on their side% the

ro)ans are pra#ti#ay "nstoppa$esin#e 'e"s stops any other deities

from interfering* 6hen 'e"s

momentariy withdraws his

s"pport% the A#haeans amost t"rn

the tide*

• Arrogan#e – Athena $eieves that

'e"s won+t stop her from heping

the A#haeans sin#e she+s his

da"ghter% $"t is proven wrong*

Notes:

• he ro)an -res are #ompared to

stars -res sym$oi=e the a$iity to

transform and generation whie

stars represent g"idan#e*

• 'e"s "ses many ightning $ots to

s#are and s"ppress the A#haeans*

• he A#haeans are re#harged when

'e"s sends an eage with a fawn

as a sym$o of his mer#y*

• A)a goes to prote#t his haf@

$rother% e"#er*

Response

Observations:

'e"s goes a into the war% even preventing the other goand goddesses to parti#ipate even tho"gh he oo&ed doon them interfering $efore*

A of the gods and goddesses are s#ared of 'e"s*

'e"s has a soft spot for Athena*

ris twists 'e"s+s words in her message to era*

Questions:

6hy does 'e"s #hoose now to parti#ipate in the ro)an

6ar56hat does it mean when A#haeans+ fate is heavier thanthe ro)ans5

Preictions:

A#hies wi #ome $a#& to -ght for the A#haeans sin#e hthe ony one who #an save them*

!ummar": 'e"s traves to


12/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 3: The )mbass" to

Achilles

Themes:

•

Anger – A#hies ref"ses to #ome$a#& and -ght for the A#haeans

despite a the treas"re the

em$assy o8ers and the stories

they te $e#a"se he is sti

ins"ted*

• Penan#e – Agamemnon

a#&nowedges and regrets his

earier dire mista&e of ins"ting

A#hies*

Notes:

• Agamemnon o8ers seven tripods%

seven women% and seven #ities*

he n"m$er 7 sym$oi=es the

reationship $etween man and ?od

and the seven stages of

#ivii=ation*

• he A#haeans are a$o"t to give

"p% and A#hies is their ast hope*

• A#hies won+t even yied to his

theoreti#a father% Phoeni*

• A#hies is fo"nd spending his time

eis"rey with his friend% Patro#"s*

• Agamemnon &nows that 'e"s ied

to him*

• Agamemnon sends .dysse"s%

Phoeni% and ?reat A)a to

appease A#hies*

• A#hies said he oves ,riseis*

Response

Observations:

Agamemnon shows remorse thro"gh ri#hes% women% anpower instead of p"tting down his pride*

;ven tho"gh A#hies says he wants to ive a ong ifewitho"t gory% his "nyieding f"ry is #a"sed $y his honorand respe#t $eing ta&en away from him shamef"y*

,oth emotion and reason fais to #onvin#e A#hies*

Agamemnon has #ompetey given "p in the $eginning*

.dysse"s eft o"t Agamemnon+s demand of A#hies+s"$ordination to him when ta&ing to A#hies*

A t"rning point in A#hies #hara#ter o##"rs when he$atanty re)e#ts anything he #o"d want% his d"ty% anfate*

Questions:

6hy doesn+t Agamemnon go with the em$assy to $ringA#hies $a#& to apoogi=e sin#e he+s the one who spar&A#hies+ st"$$orn rage5

6hat+s a tripod5

Preictions:

he A#haeans wi s"rrender $e#a"se their ast hope%A#hies% ref"ses to res#"e them*

9ome A#haeans% i&e Diomedes and :estor% wi try to -gthe ro)ans on their own*

!ummar": he A#haeans are at a oss and Agamemnon even de#ares that they sho"dret"rn home as osers* Diomedes and :estor o$)e#t to this% saying that roy is destined tofa and that they sho"d try to get A#hies+s hep* Agamemnon agrees% #ompiing agenero"s ist of presents and an em$assy that in#"des Phoeni% .dysse"s% and ?reat A)ato A#hies* After arriving to A#hies paying the yre% they have dinner and the em$assypresent the proposa* A#hies 3at o"t ref"ses sin#e he means to ret"rn home to Phthia andremains steadfast after Phoeni s#ods him for $eing this way sin#e he pra#ti#ay raisedA#hies and tes the story of


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Amy Doan

hep them "nti the ast min"te* A#hies o8ers Phoeni a ride home with him% whi#h heref"ses% and the "ns"##essf" em$assy ret"rns home $earing the $ad news*


14/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 14: 5arauing Through

the Night

Themes:

•

9e-shness – Doon vo"nteers tospy on the ro)ans for A#hies+s

#hariot% $"t is soon #a"ght $y the

A#haean spies* o save his own

ife% Doon $etrays #r"#ia

information to them and ends "p

dead anyways*

• Co"rage – Diomedes and .dysse"s

"i#&y vo"nteer to spy on the

ro)ans even tho"gh it+s

dangero"s*

Notes:

• .dysse"s and Diomedes &i 12

hra#ian sodiers and their &ing*

• :estor and the A#haeans didn+t

epe#t Diomedes and .dysse"s to

#ome $a#& in one pie#e*

• Diomedes #onsiders .dysse"s the

A#haean+s $est asset*

• he A#haean spies pay dead to

trap Doon*

• Athena sent o"t a heron to show

her s"pport for the A#haeans*

• Athena tes Diomedes to eave

$efore they get #a"ght*

Response

Observations:

he enemies+ weapons and armor are of high va"e in?ree& so#iety*

he A#haean mission to one of their own% A#hies% fais%$"t the one against the ro)ans is highy s"##essf"*

Doon spis everything in detai a$o"t the ro)ans to.dysse"s and Diomedes shameessy*

Questions:

ow the A#haeans seep so so"ndy% save for Agamemnand


15/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 11: Agamemnon6s ,a" of

$lor"

Themes:

•

Co"rage – Despite har$oring awo"nd% Agamemnon &eeps on

-ghting the ro)ans* .dysse"s and

A)a -ght a arge n"m$er of

ro)ans on their own*

Notes:

• e#tor $rie3y oses #ons#io"snessafter $eing hit in the head with

Diomedes+s spear*

• Diomedes and


16/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 1#: The Tro0ans !torm the

Rampart

ThemesE

• Perseveran#e – e#tor ref"ses to

give "p on atta#&ing the A#haean

was and manages to $rea#h it

with a giant ro#&*

Notes:

he eage represents the ro)ans

whie the serpent is the

A#haeans* he ro)ans do"$t

themseves when the sna&e is

dropped into their presen#e*

'e"s prote#ts his son% 9arpedon%

in $atte and he rips a hoe in the

wa with his hands*

he A#haean was are meant to

fa $e#a"se it was $"it with the

appropriate sa#ri-#es*

Response

Observations:

e#tor is ony h"m$e eno"gh to isten to a warrior+s(Poydamas! advi#e on#e*

9arpedon is i&e the spar& and e#tor the f"e to$rea& down the was*

Questions:

6hy does Asi"s &eep atta#&ing the wa with his#hariot5

6hy doesn+t 'e"s aow any of the gods andgoddesses to parti#ipate in the war5

Preictions:e#tor wi pay one day for ignoring divine signs*

he ro)ans wi overta&e the wa $efore the warends*

!ummar": omer tes "s that the A#haean was are destined to fa $e#a"se they were

$"it witho"t proper sa#ri-#e to the deities* ,e#a"se the tren#h in front of the was is$o#&ing them% Poydamas s"ggests that the ro)ans -ght on feet instead of #hariot ande#tor agrees* F"st then% an eage 3ies in from the eft side and drops a sna&e into the

ro)an front% #a"sing the ro)ans to hesitate* gnoring the sign% e#tor #harges ahead*9arpedon and his #o"sin ?a"#"s atta#&


17/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 1%: Battling for the !hips

ThemesE

• ,"ria – A h"ge $raw $rea&s o"t

$etween the two sides% ed $ydomene"s and Deipho$"s over

who gets A#atho"s+s ifeess $ody*

• Pride – domene"s and


18/33

Amy Doan

s"ggests they reassem$e their s#attered for#es* e#tor agrees% $"t is dismayed to -ndmost of his #ommanders wo"nded or dead% and gets Paris to -ght instead $y ins"ting him*6hen the pair go into $atte% a eage 3ies in from the right side% a good sign for theA#haeans*


19/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 1(: &era Out7anks 8eus

ThemesE

• De#eit – era tri#&s and "ses many

peope% in#"ding Aphrodite and'e"s% in order to assist the

A#haeans*

• Beadership – 6hen e#tor is in)"red

and eaves the $atte-ed% the

ro)ans are witho"t a eader and are

at the mer#y of the A#haeans*

Notes:

9eep ony heps era when she

promises a wife for him*

era distra#ts 'e"s thro"gh ove

from Aphrodite+s en#hanted

$reast$and and seep on


20/33

Amy Doan

,e#a"se e#tor is in)"red $y a ro#& from ?reat A)a% he has to eave the $atte and hiswarriors s"8er for it% osing to the A#haeans terri$y*


21/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 1+: The Achaean Armies at

Ba"

ThemesE

•

>ate – 'e"s ony heps e#tor andthe ro)ans $e#a"se it is destinedthe A#haeans have to seem sodesperate that A#hies wi hepthem*

• ,ravery – Despite overwheming

odds% the A#haeans% espe#iayA)a% &eep -ghting "ness the godsfor#e them to r"n*

Notes:

he &ey to defeating the A#haeans

is destroying their ships*

e"#er tries to shoot e#tor% $"t

'e"s snaps his $ow*

Apoo heps the ro)ans $y tearing

down the A#haeans+ wa and -ing"p their tren#h*

Athena stops Ares from )oining the

$atte again*

he A#haeans were for#ed $a#& totheir ships*

era tes a the gods that they

have to o$ey 'e"s and stops Aresfrom avenging his son*

Apoo enhan#es and heas e#tor*

he ro)ans tho"ght 'e"s+ #ra#& of

ightning was a good sign for thematho"gh it was originay meant asan answer to :estor+s prayer*

Response

Observations:

e#tor &nows that that at this #ertain time% he isinvin#i$e and ta&es f" advantage of that*

;ven tho"gh era &nows roy is fated to fa% era is

sti pissed that 'e"s is heping them*

e#hni#ay% era+s oath to 'e"s that she didn+t wiPoseidon to wrea& havo# among the ro)an ran&s istr"e $e#a"se ris deivered the message to him*

'e"s aways $eieves era when she says she+aways o$ey 'e"s*

e#tor+s "i#& reappearan#e aong with Apoo#a"ses the A#haean to retreat $e#a"se he seemsamost invin#i$e*

After o$serving e"#er+s $ow $rea&ing% e#tor drawsfrom it and de#ares to his men that 'e"s is assistingthem*

he #"e for 'e"s to t"rn the tide is when the -rstA#haean ship goes "p in 3ames*

Questions:

6hy is 'e"s drawing o"t the war $y s"pporting theA#haeans when he &nows that roy wi "timatey $edestroyed5

Preictions:

e#tor won+t $e a$e to $"rn down any ships$e#a"se his men wi 3ee at the sight of Patro#"s inA#hies+ armor*

!ummar": 'e"s awa&ens angry at era when he sees the ro)ans osing and tes her tofet#h ris and Apoo after ass"ring her that roy wi $e the #ity that wi event"ay fa* ristes a re"#tant Poseidon to stop -ghting on the $atte-ed whie Apoo is ordered to aide#tor and im$"e him with #o"rage* he A#haeans p"t "p a $rave front against therenewed ro)ans $"t "timatey r"n o8 in terror at the sight of Apoo* 9oon% the ro)ansp"sh the A#haeans $a#& to their own ships where e#tor starts to prepare to $"rn A)a+sship*


22/33

Amy Doan

Connection ColumnBook 1.: Patroclus -ights an,ies

ThemesE

• .$edien#e – ,e#a"se Patro#"s

didn+t isten to A#hies and &ept on-ghting past the A#haean ships% heended $eing &ied $y e#tor*

9a#ri-#e – era tes 'e"s not to

save his son 9arpedon $e#a"se itwi #a"se the other deities to foows"it and aso save their &ids*

Notes:

e#tor ony goes to the $attefrontto retrieve 9arpedon+s armor*

9arpedon+s dying wish is for

?a"#"s to defend his #orpse*

Patro#"s amost ta&es roy% if not

for the gods+ intervention*

Atho"gh 'e"s #an+t save 9arpedon%

he ea#ts revenge on Patro#"sinstead*

Patro#"s is not strong eno"gh to

wied A#hies+ spear*

A#hies epi#ity tes Patro#"s toret"rn on#e the ships are safe*

A#hies ta&es part in the $atte to

ro"se his men*

here are 2G00


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Book 1/: 5enelaus6 -inest &our

ThemesE

• >riendship – he A#haeans and

ro)ans str"gge to ta&e the faen#omrades+ $odies $a#& thro"gh any

means% i&e ransom*• Pity – ,e#a"se he fees sorry% 'e"s

p"ts temporary power into e#tor%#o"rage into the A#haeansprote#ting Patro#"s+ #orpse% and#o"rage into A"tomedon*

Notes:

A#hies is sti hopef" and doesn+t

&now a$o"t the death of Patro#"sdespite a the -ghting over his$ody*

Athena% disg"ised as Phoeni%

s"pports


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A#hies+ #hariot from e#tor* Disg"ised as Phoeni% Athena heps


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Connection ColumnBook 12: The !hiel of Achilles

ThemesE

• Revenge – A#hies no onger #ares

a$o"t his own ife as ong as itmeans that he #an avengePatro#"s*

• ?rief – A#hies+ grief over Patro#"s

#a"ses him to dirty himsef% meethis fate head on% and rethin& hispast a#tions*

Notes:

A#hies and Athena reeases three

#ries with a 3ame aro"nd his head

and 'e"s+ shied on his sho"derwhi#h s#ares the ro)ans*

he ro)ans de#ide to &eep on-ghting the net day even tho"ghA#hies has ret"rned*

hetis has ephaest"s ma&e

A#hies a new set of armor*

A#hies+ new shied represents the

whoe word*

A#hies dirties himsef in grief*

A#hies+ armor is handed down

from his father from the gods* A#hies de#ides to ret"rn to $atte*

e#tor wants to #hop o8 Patro#"s+

head and hang it "p in roy*

Athena ma&es the ro)ans st"pid%

#a"sing them to ignore Poydamas+so"nd advi#e*

Response

Observations:

Patro#"s is the $est of the


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Connection ColumnBook 13: The Champion Arms -orBattle

ThemesE

• >orgiveness – A#hies and

Agamemnon formay forgive ea#hother and Agamemnon givesA#hies a the treas"re hepromised $efore*

Notes:

• Am$rosia and ne#tar #an #"re

h"nger and preserve $odies*

• .dysse"s has to pers"ade A#hiesto aow their men to eat -rst $eforegoing on the $atte-ed*

• ,riseis aso mo"rns for Patro#"s*

• Agamemnon vows to p"t his

di8eren#es aside*

• Agamemnon never a#t"ay

apoogi=es to A#hies and even$ames R"in for p"tting s"#h rage inhim*

• ,riseis saw her h"s$and and$rothers sain the day she was#apt"red*

Response

Observations:

A#hies is sti $inded $y vengean#e and rage% )"st$y another person*

A#hies has everything he wants e#ept Patro#"s*

A#hies doesn+t want the treas"re% ony to -ght*

.dysse"s #an aways ta& reason into A#hies*

Patro#"s was &ind to ,riseis at the worst time of herife*

era tes A#hies thro"gh his horses that Apoo&ied Patro#"s% not e#tor% $"t this informationdoesn+t #hange his mind*

Questions:

6hy did era give A#hies+ horses the power tospea&5

ow does Roan ,ea"ty &now a$o"t A#hies+ fate5

Preictions:

A#hies wi $e an "nstoppa$e &iing ma#hine onthe $atte-ed*

!ummar": hetis gives the weeping A#hies his new armor and promises to preventPatro#"s+ $ody from de#aying $y p"tting am$rosia and ne#tar "p his nose* A#hies #as a

meeting where he apoogi=es for his rage at Agamemnon and re#eives a the treas"re thatAgamemnon had promised $efore% in#"ding an "nto"#hed ,riseis* .dysse"s #onvin#esA#hies to aow their men to eat -rst $efore going to $atte% $"t A#hies ref"ses to eat andis se#rety s"stained $y 'e"s and Athena with am$rosia and ne#tar* hen% A#hies p"ts onhis armor and mo"nts his #hariot whie s#oding his horses for etting Patro#"s to die* eragrants the horses the a$iity to spea& who say that Apoo #a"sed him to die and fatewo"d do the same to A#hies* A#hies aready &nows a$o"t this and heads o"t into $atteanyways*


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Connection ColumnBook #4: Ol"mpian $os in Arms

ThemesE

• >ate – 'e"s -nay aows the other

deities to parti#ipate in the war

freey to ma&e s"re A#hies doesn+tfe roy $efore its fated time*

Notes:

• Apoo has to save e#tor from

A#hies party $e#a"se Athena isheping A#hies*

• Atho"gh 'e"s has aowed toparti#ipate again% most of thedeities )"st sit and wat#h the $atte*

• Apoo tes Aeneas to -ght A#hies

$y saying that he is of a essergoddess% hetis% #ompared to hisown mom% Aphrodite*

• Aeneas "ns"##essf"y wieds a ro#&

against A#hies+ sword and armor*

• Poseidon saves Aeneas from

A#hies $y #h"#&ing him o"t of the

$atte-ed $e#a"se he has a fate to#arry o"t*

• A#hies &is e#tor+s $rother*

Response

Observations:

A#hies is -ghting witho"t fear on the front ineswhie e#tor stays $a#& on Apoo+s orders*

A#hies seems "npert"r$ed $y his foes disappearingd"ring $atte*

:o one ma)or dies despite a of the -ghting $e#a"sethe deities are intervening*

Questions:

6hat does Poseidon save a ro)an% Aeneas% if he+s onthe A#haean side5

Preictions:

e#tor wi #ash with A#hies again soon*

!ummar": ,e#a"se he doesn+t want A#hies to destroy roy $efore it+s time for it to fa%'e"s aows the deities to intervene in the $atte again witho"t p"nishment* owever% on#eon the $atte-ed% most of the deities de#ide to sit and wat#h* Apoo is not one of them hepers"ades Aeneas to $atte A#hies and is amost &ied "nti Poseidon ta&es pity and savesAeneas* Apoo orders e#tor not to -ght A#hies "nti A#hies see&s him o"t* At -rst%e#tor o$eys% $"t gives "p when his $rother is sayed $y A#hies* he pair #ash Athena

prote#ts A#hies and Apoo has to ta&e e#tor away from the s#ene* A#hies #ontin"es to&i other ro)ans*


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Connection ColumnBook #1: Achilles -ights the River

ThemesE

• Respe#t – ,e#a"se A#hies doesn+t

respe#t the river Hanth"s and #ogs

it "p as we as atta#&s it% the riveramost &is A#hies*

• ?ods and ?oddesses – he deities

intervene n"mero"s times to saveA#hies from the river or to prote#tthe ro)ans as we as physi#ay-ght amongst themseves*

Notes:

• A#hies &is By#aon and

Asteropae"s*• Poseidon and Athena tes A#hies

that he+s not fated to $e &ied $ythe river and sho"d go $a#& to theships on#e he+s &ied e#tor*

• era and ephaest"s $ois the river

to prote#t A#hies and ma&e itpromise not to hep the ro)ans*

• Artemis #as Apoo #owardy*

• A#hies #hases a god% Apoo% who

is disg"ised as Agenor*

• Priam opened the gates of roy toaow his 3eeing sodiers in*

• A#hies p"shes haf of the ro)ans

against the river and haf to roy*

• Hanth"s tries to as& Apoo for hep

for the ro)ans $"t A#hies atta#&sit*

• Hanth"s as&s another river for hep*

• Poseidon ass"res A#hies that he

won+t die and then eaves him inthe river*

Response

Observations:

Apoo i&es to whis& peope away to safety from$atte*

A#hies is powerf" eno"gh to hod his own against

gods% i&e 9#amander and Apoo*A#hies doesn+t want to die an dishonora$e death$y drowning*

he deities+ -ghting is p"rposeess $e#a"se none ofthem #an die*

Questions:

6hy is Apoo heping the ro)ans5

6hy wo"d A#hies thin& he had a #han#e against afor#e of nat"re5

Preictions:

9ome A#haeans might sip into roy sin#e Priamopened the gates*

!ummar": A#hies #hases haf of the ro)ans against the river Hanth"s% or 9#amander%where he &is n"mero"s ro)ans% in#"ding By#aon and Hanth"s@s"pported Asteropae"s%and #ogs "p the river with dead ro)ans* Angered% Hanth"s tes A#hies to stop &iing

ro)ans in the river% $"t he ony agrees to not throw $odies in the river* Hanth"s #as onApoo to hep the ro)ans% $"t A#hies atta#&s the river when he hears the pea* Hanth"samost &is A#hies $efore era and ephaest"s for#ed the river to eave A#hies and the

ro)ans aone $y setting it on -re* >ighting $rea&s o"t among the gods Athena -ghts Aresand Aphrodite% Poseidon and Artemis atta#& Apoo% and era -ghts Artemis* Priam opensthe gate of roy for the 3eeing ro)ans and A#hies foows% amost ta&ing the #ity $efore


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the ro)an prin#e Agenor #haenges him to a -ght* Apoo soon #arries him away to safetyand ta&es his pa#e* Apoo@disg"ised@as@Agenor distra#ts A#hies $y r"nning aro"nd*


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Connection ColumnBook ##: The ,eath of &ector

ThemesE

• Cowardi#e – e#tor is afraid to fa#e

his men whom he doomed with his#on-den#e and r"ns from A#hies*

• ,ood"st – A#hies shameessypier#es and drags aro"nd e#tor+s$ody even after he+s mer#iessy&ied e#tor*

Notes:

• Priam thin&s that e#tor+s death wi

mean the fa of roy*

• 'e"s $rie3y #onsiders saving

e#tor% $"t de#ides against it*

• A#hies #ompare himsef and

e#tor to h"mans and ions% wovesand sheep*

• Athena tri#&s e#tor into ma&ing astand against A#hies*

• ;ven tho"gh he &nows his fate has

arrived% e#tor sti #o"rageo"sygives his $est against A#hies*

• e#tor #onsiders his optionsE go

inside and s"rvive% $"t in shame ornegotiate with A#hies whi#h most

i&ey won+t wor& or meet his fatehead on*

• A#hies aows his men to m"tiate

e#tor*

• Androma#he amost fas of the wa

when she fainted at the sight ofe#tor*

• e#tor+s ast wish is for his $ody to

$e ret"rned home and a #"rse forA#hies*

Response

Observations:

e#tor is spineess and desperate aone in front ofA#hies*

he d"e might+ve asted onger if e#tor wasn+t"sing A#hies+ armor $e#a"se A#hies &new ea#tywhere the armor+s wea&nesses were*

A#hies never gets #ose eno"gh to the was of royfor the ro)ans to throw things at him*

A#hies says e#tor $asi#ay in one fata $ow*

Questions:

6hy does A#hies treat e#tor so $ady even tho"ghhe had aready avenged Patro#"s5

ow does e#tor stay ahead of A#hies5

Preictions:

A#hies wi pay for disrespe#ting e#tor+s #orpse*

!ummar": Despite e#tor+s and e#"$a+s protests% e#tor remains the ony ro)an

standing o"tside the was $e#a"se is too ashamed to fa#e his men for eading them totheir doom against A#hies* A#hies ret"rns angry from #hasing Agenor and e#tor#onsiders negotiating with him% $"t $ots when A#hies #omes #ose* A#hies #hasese#tor aro"nd roy three times $efore Athena appears as e#tor+s $rother% Deipho$"s% and#onvin#es him to fa#e A#hies* e#tor and A#hies e#hange shots $efore e#tor dis#oversthat he+s $een tri#&ed* :onetheess% e#tor $ravey atta#&s A#hies $"t A#hies stri&es himperfe#ty thro"gh his throat sin#e he &nows his od armor (whi#h e#tor is wearing! insideand o"t* e#tor+s dying wish is for A#hies to ret"rn his $ody home% $"t A#hies does the


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opposite and drags it thro"gh the m"d on his #hariot* Priam% e#"$a% and Androma#hesees this and weep for their son and h"s$and*

Connection ColumnBook #%: -uneral $ames forPatroclus

ThemesE

• 9portsmanship – hro"gho"t

Patro#"s+ f"nera games% A#hiestries to )"dge the games fairydespite #heating or the gods+intervention*

Notes:

• A#hies sa#ri-#es 12 ro)an #aptivesfor Patro#"s+ f"nera*

• Patro#"s wants his and A#hies+

$ones and ashes mied togetherwhen he dies*

• Apoo and Aphrodite prote#t

e#tor+s #orpse*

• Athena heps Diomedes and

.dysse"s wins some of the games*

• he ghost of Patro#"s visits A#hies

in his dream*

•

Patro#"s &ied someone over adi#e game*

• A#hies wraps the #orpses in meat*

• Patro#"s+ f"nera pyre doesn+t ight

at -rst% $"t the gods hep*

Response

Observations:


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wins $oing* .dysse"s draws against A)a in wresting% .dysse"s wins the foot ra#e withAthena+s hep* Diomedes wins spear -ghting*


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Iliad Cornell Notes

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