Ilham Benyahia(1) Ilham Benyahia(1)

Ahadjitse, Yaovi (1)

Mohamed Shawky (2)

(1)Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, Canada

(2) Université de Technologie de Compiégne,

France

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Outline1. Introduction

2. Existing approaches for travel time delay minimisation

3. Connected vehicles requirements for congestion 3. Connected vehicles requirements for congestion control

4. Role of connected vehicles for congestion avoidance

5. Conclusion

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Introduction

� The traffic congestions of the roads throughout the world still represent significant economic losses

� The economic cost of traffic congestion include:

� delay costs, � delay costs,

� fuel wasted and

� cost of excessive pollution.

� Trip delays minimisation

� Studies on Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP)

� Intelligent Transportation Systems solutions

� Connected vehicles -Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network ( VANET)

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Existing approaches for travel time

Delay minimisation

� VRP Existing approaches

� Static and dynamic approaches are limited

� The output of mathematical formulations is a set of preplanned routes that are not re-optimized and are computed from inputs that do not evolve in real-timecomputed from inputs that do not evolve in real-time

� In dynamic approaches, the vehicles cannot change their routing between two destinations

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Existing approaches for travel

time Delay minimisation� Scenario 1

� Risk of congestions and travel time delays and consequences

Occurrence of congestion after an accident

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Connected vehicles requirements

for congestion control� Promising solution: Intelligent Transportation Systems –

VANET� Based on technology that uses moving vehicles as nodes in a

network to create a mobile network

� Vehicles can share information during their course of ways

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Connected vehicles requirements

for congestion control� Capacities of connected vehicles

� Abilities to disseminate information between vehicles

� Share information

� For a cooperative calculation of best routes,� For a cooperative calculation of best routes,

� To inform about route incidents and potential congestions.

� Trigger actions in time to avoid congestions.

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Connected vehicles requirements

for congestion control� Inter-vehicle communications requirements

� Challenges for real-time transmissions in VANET

� Complex environment due to the geometry of the infrastructureinfrastructure

� Complex models of vehicles mobility (speed and distance between vehicles)

� Interferences and noises from network physical layer

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Connected vehicles requirements

for congestion control� AntHocNet: An adaptive routing algorithm for

VANET

� The AntHocNet algorithm is an alternative of ACO (Ant Colony Algorithm). Colony Algorithm).

� Defined for optimal path calculations in a given network

� It is adaptive: update mechanisms according to the network changes

� It is based on a population of components and a variable called pheromone to simulate the frequency of artificial ants in the shortest paths

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Connected vehicles requirements

for congestion control� AntHocNet: An adaptive routing algorithm for

VANET

� Original algorithm: Proactive processes triggered by periodic eventsperiodic events

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Connected vehicles requirements

for congestion control� New behavior of AntHocNet algorithm : aperiodic

events to deal with physical layer interferences

� A) AntHocNet Behavior B) Numerical results

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Role of connected vehicles for

congestion avoidance � An optimal congestion control due to suitable inter-

vehicle communications � real-time diversion: time delay minimisation

Efficient communications for congestion avoidanceACGM-2012 12

Conclusion� VANET based on real-time information dissemination will

enable: � Efficient traffic monitoring and control,� Calculation of the best vehicles routing based on accurate

information.

� Potential benefits on connected vehicles based on optimal inter-vehicle communications � Real-time diversions to avoid traffic congestions� Travel time delays minimisation and avoidance� Minimise economic losses related to traffic congestions� Optimisation of emergency vehicles routing and delay

minimisation

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Thank you !

QUESTION ??

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